人教版-八年级下英语第一单元section-A讲义

鼎力教育八年级小班课外辅导曾老师

Unit 1 what’s the matter （Section A）

教学目标：

1语言目标：描述健康问题的词汇，及如何根据别人的健康问题提建议。

2 技能目标：能听懂谈论健康问题的对话材料；能根据别人的健康问题提建议；能写出

重点单词和重点句型，并能描述怎样对待健康问题。

3 情感目标：通过开展扮演病人等活动，培养学生关心他人身体健康的品质。

通过本课的阅读，培养学生处理紧急事件的基本能力，树立紧急事件时互相帮助的精神。

教学重点：掌握关于身体部位的单词以及词组；

会使用以下句型：

What’s the matter with…?”“What should I/ you/ he/ she/they… do?”“I/ you/ he/ she/they sh ould do…”

教学难点：should 的用法；运用推理判断法解阅读理解题。

Review（复习）身体部位的单词

1、头_______; 8、脚________;

2、眼睛_______; 9、脖子_______;

3、鼻子_______; 10、脚（单数）______ （复数）_______

4、嘴巴_______; 11、胃_________;

5、耳朵_______; 12、身体________;

6、脸_______; 13、牙齿(单数）________; （复数）

7、手_______; 14、手臂________

一单词学习

UNIT 1 1.matter [?m?t?] v. 重要，要紧，有关系 2.What’s the matter? 怎么了？出什么事了？

3.sore [s?:(r)] adj. 疼痛的，酸痛

4.have a cold 感冒

5.stomach ['st?m?k] n. 胃，腹部

6.stomachache ['st?m?ke?k] n. 胃痛，腹痛

7. have a stomachache 胃痛8.foot(复数feet) [fu:t] n. 脚9.neck [nek] n. 颈，脖子10.throat [θr??t] n. 喉咙11.fever ['fi:v?] n. 发烧，12.ie [la?] v. 躺，平躺13、lie down 躺下14、rest [rest] n. 剩余部分，其余；放松，休息15、cough [k?f] n. & v. 咳嗽16、X-ray ['eksre?] n. X光，X射线17、toothache [?tu:θe?k] n. 牙痛18、take one's temperature 量体温19、headache [?hede?k] n. 头痛20、have a fever 发烧21、break [bre?k] n. & v. 休息，暂停；打破22、take breaks(take a break）休息23、hurt [h?:t] v. 伤害，损害，使受伤24、passenger ['p?s?nd??] n. 乘客，旅客25、off [?f] adv. prep. 离开（某处）；从…去掉26、get off 下车27、to one's surprise 使…惊讶，出乎…意料28、onto [??nt?] prep. 向，朝29、trouble [?tr?bl] n. 麻烦，烦扰，问题30、hit [hit] n. & v. 碰撞，打，打击31、right away 立即，马上32、get into 陷入，参与33、herself [h?:?self] pron. 她自己，她本身

（she的反身代词）

二、短语的学习（翻译成中文）

have a stomachache__________ have a cold _________

鼎力教育

lie down ____________ take one’s temperature ________

have a fever _____________ go to a doctor______________

to one’s surprise ___________ agree to (do sth.)_____________

get into trouble___________

句子: 1 .What’s the matter? I have a stomachache. You shouldn’t eat so much next time.

2.What’s the matter wit h Ben?

3. He hurt himself. He has a sore back.

He should lie down and rest.

4.Do you have a fever? Yes, I do. No, I don’t. I don’t know.

5. Does he have a toothache? Yes, he does.

He should see a dentist and get an X-ray.

6.What should she do? She should take her temperature.

7.Should I put some medicine on it? Yes, you should No, you shouldn’t.

教学难点：掌握情态动词should \shouldn’t. 的用法；学习have的用法。

语言知识归纳：

1. What’s the matter (with you)?你怎么了？

此句用来询问别人的病情。类似的句子还有：

What’s wrong with you?/ What’s the trouble?

matter作动词用，意为“要紧”“有关系”，主要用于疑问句和否定句。

What does it matter? 这有什么关系？It doesn’t m atter.没有关系／不要紧

【例题】Does it ________ if we can’t finish it today?

A. mind

B. minds

C. matter

D. matters

2. I have a sore throat.

have “患病”，常用“have a /an+ 名词”.

have a cold 感冒 have a bad cold(重感冒） have a fever 发烧 have a sore back 背疼 have a stomachache 胃疼 have a cough发烧

【例题】( )---Does he often have ______ cold? ---Yes. He also _____a cough and a sore throat.

A.a; has

B. /; has

C. a; have

D. /; have

总结：1.牙疼__________ 2.头痛___________

3.肚子疼，胃疼____________

4.背疼____________

5.头疼_________ 5.喉咙疼___________

6.发烧 ________ 7 .感冒____________

医生的建议： 1.躺下并且休息lie down and rest 2. 喝热蜂蜜茶drink hot tea with honey

3. 喝大量水drink lots of water 4 看牙医see a dentist

5 量体温take one’s temperature 6. 看医生go to a docto r

3.Lie down and rest! 躺下休息

单词词义过去式过去分词现在分词

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情态动词should的用法：

should 属情态动词, 后接动词原形, 没有人称和数的变化。用于提出建议劝告别人。

should 的否定形式为should not, 通常缩写为shouldn’t。

1. — Tom, I have a toothache. 汤姆, 我牙痛。

— You should see a dentist. 你应当去看牙医。

2. —I’m not feeling well these days. I have b ad cough.

这些天我身体不适, 老是咳嗽。

—You shouldn’t smoke so much, I think.

我认为你不该抽这么多烟。

3. — Should I put some medicine on it?

—Yes, you should. / No, you shouldn’t.

4. — What should she do?

— She should take her temperature.

【拓展】在英语中，表示建议的说法有很多，而且都是中考考查的重点。主要结构有：

①Would you like (to do) sth．？你想要／愿意（做）某事吗？

Would you like to play basketball with me?你想要和我一起打篮球吗？

②Shall I/we do sth ?我／我们做……好吗？

Shall we go to the zoo tomorrow?明天我们去动物园，好吗？

③Why not do sth ?为什么不……呢？

Why not join us?为什么不加入到我们当中来呢？

④How/What about doing sth ?做某事怎么样？ How about going swimming?去游泳怎么样？

⑤Let’s do sth让我们做……吧。Let’s go home．咱们回家吧。

⑥You’d better (not) do sth你最好（不）要做某事。

You’d better not go there alone．你最好不要一个人去那儿。

活学活用

1. — She has a stomachache.

— She __________ eat so much next time.

2. — Should she see a dentist and get an X-ray?

— Yes, she _______. / No, she _________.

根据上下文意思填空。

Mandy: Lisa, are you OK?

Lisa: I _____ a headache and I can’t move my neck. What ______ I do? Should I

_____ my temperature?

Mandy: No, it doesn’t sound like you have a fever. What _____ you do on the

weekend?

Lisa: I played computer _____ all weekend.

Mandy: That’s probably why. You need to take breaks _____ from the computer.

Lisa: Yeah, I think I sat in the _____ way for too long without moving.

Mandy: I think you should ____ down and rest. If your head and neck still hurt tomorrow, then go to a _______.

Lisa: OK. Thanks, Mandy.

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翻译下列句子：

1.你怎么了？我头痛。

_______________________

_______________________

2. 他怎么了？他发烧了

________________________

________________________

3. 李雷怎么了？他喉咙痛。他应该多喝水。

________________________________

_________________________________

4. 如果你的头和脖子明天仍然疼的话，请去看医生。

______________________________________

4.... when the driver saw an old man lying on the side of the road.

...... 这时司机看到一位老人正躺在路边。

观察与思考：你能看出“看到某人正在做某事”的句型吗?

see sb. doing sth. 看见某人正在做某事

e.g. When I pass the window I see him drawing a picture.

see sb. do sth. 看见某人做过某事

e.g. I often see him draw a picture.

活学活用：

1) 我看见他时他正在河边玩。

I saw him _______ by the river.

2) 我看见过他在河边玩。

I saw him _____ by the river.

3) 我看着他过了桥。

I see him ______ across the bridge.

4) 我看见她正在洗碗。

I see her _________ the dishes.

4.That’s probably why. 那可能就是原因。

probably意为“很可能，大概”，表示的可能性很大，是一种近乎肯定的意思。

5.hurt v.使受伤；伤害；疼痛

He hurt his leg when he fell. 他摔伤的时候伤了腿。

My feelings were hurt when he didn’t ask me to the party.他没有请我参加聚会使我很伤心

6.The bus driver, 24-year-old Wang Ping...公交车司机，24岁的王平……

24-year-old 是用连字符连接数字和名词所构成的一个形容词结构，意思是“24岁的”。

（名词必须用单数，常用在名词前做定语）

【例题】A____girl named DongXinyi looked after her disabled father.

A. three-year-old

B. three-years-old

C. Three years old

7.expect vt. 期待；预期；期盼

expect的常见用法:

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【辨析】expect与look forward to

两者都有期待的意思 look forward to doing sth.

I’m looking forward to seeing Tom.

8.But to his surprise...但是令他吃惊的是……

to one’s surprise 表示“令人惊奇的是……”，相当于“主语+be+surprised”

To his surprise, he found the girl was bind.

= He was surprised to find the girl was blind. 令他惊奇的是，他发现这个女孩是个盲人。【拓展】in surprise表示“惊奇的”，相当于副词性短语，用来修饰动词。

The two girls looked at each other in surprise. 那两个女孩惊奇地互相看着。

be surprised at表示“对……感到惊讶”。

We are very surprised at the news. 听到这个消息，我们很诧异。

surprising 表示“使人惊奇的”，作表语时，主语是事物。

9.They don’t want any trouble. 他们不想惹麻烦。

① trouble用作名词，意为“烦恼，困难，麻烦，疾病等”。

His life is full of trouble. 他的生活充满了烦恼。

What’s the trouble? 怎么了？

② trouble用作动词，意为“麻烦，打扰”。

I’m sorry to trouble you. 抱歉打扰你。

【拓展】与trouble相关的短语

be in trouble处于困境中 get into trouble陷入困境

Have trouble (in) doing sth.＝have difficulties in doing sth做某事有困难

make trouble 制造麻烦

【例题】-How is your English study? -Not bad. But I_____learning English grammar.

A. am interested

B. am good at

C. have a little trouble

D. have no trouble

. 跟踪练习题

一．单项选择：

1. —_________ we go to visit the Great Wall tomorrow?

—Good idea.

A. Shall

B. Will

C. Must

D. May

2. Let’s __________ a party this Sunday at school.

A. to have

B. have

C. having

D. had

3. What __________ helping her with her English?

A. to

B. of

C. about

D. finish

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4. Why not ___________ your homework on time?

A. to finish

B. finishing

C. finished

D. finish

5. If you have a headache, I think you __________ see a doctor.

A. will

B. shall

C. should

D. can

6.— I am sorry. I broke your tea cup.

—___________.

A. It doesn’t matter

B. You’d better not

C. Take it easy

D. It’s too bad

7.—__________?

—I have a headache and I don’t feel like eating anything.

A. How are you

B. What can I do for you

C. What’s the matter with you

D. How do you like it

8.—The meat is __________ delicious.

—Yes, but don’t eat __________.

A. too much, too much

B. much too; too much

C. too much; much too

D. much too; much too

9.—How do you like the talk show?

—I think it’s _________, but some people think it’s so __________.

A.wonderful enough; bored

B. enough wonderful; boring

C. wonderful enough; boring

D. enough wonderful;

boring

10.—I’d like a cup of black coffee. What about you, Maggie?

— I prefer coffee _________ sugar.

A.than

B. for

C. with

D. to

12.When I walked past the park, I saw some people ________ Chinese Taiji.

13.—You look sad. What has happened?

14.—Everyone ________ us to win the match, but we lost.

A. expects

B. expected

C. hopes

D. hoped

A. do

B. did

C. doing

D. are doing

15.— I think drinking milk every morning is good _________ our health.

—Yes, I agree _________ you.

A. to; to

B. with; to

C. at; with

D. for; with

二．按要求改写句子，每空一词。

1. You shouldn’t eat anything for 24 hours. (改为同义句)

You ___________ eat ____________ for 24 hours.

2. You’d better ask for her help. (改为否定句)

You’d better _____________ ___________ her for help.

3. She should stay in bed for a day or two. (就划线部分提问)

____________ ___________ she _____________?

4. What’s wrong with the poor cat? (改为同义句)

___________ ____________ _____________ _______________ the poor cat?

5. Please have a break in the room.

Please ___________ ____________ in the room.

6. The boy should go to a doctor. (就划线部分提问)

_____________ _____________ the boy _____________?

7. I saw your sister was dancing when I passed. (改为同义句)

I saw ___________ ____________ _____________ when I passed.

8. Mary often has a headache. (改为一般疑问句并做否定回答)

___________ Mary often ____________ a headache? ___________, she _____________.

跟踪练习

三.根据句意用所给单词的适当形式填空。

1. —How many __________(foot) does a dog have? —Four.

2. When I got home, I saw my sister __________ (lie) on the sofa and watching TV.

3. It’s a good habit to brush our ___________(tooth ) twice a day.

4. I don’t expect you ____________(finish) it b efore school. But you must try your best.

5. —We plan to go there and give them a hand.

—I agree __________(join) you.

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6. Isn’t it strange that the cat is used to ________(lie) beside the dog peacefully?

四.根据汉语，完成英语句子，每空一词。

1.我认为我们的作业实在太多了。

I think we have ______________ _______________ homework.

2. 他累了，他想躺下休息。

He was tired; he wanted to ___________ ___________ and rest.

3.我喜欢喝加牛奶的咖啡。

I’d like to drink coffee _____________ _____________.

4.这位老人在下一站下车。

The old man wants to _____________ ___________ at the next station.

5.这条裙子太贵了，我买不起。

The dress is ____________ ____________. I can’t afford it.

五，单词拼写

1.I have three bad t_________ (牙齿 ). I have to see the dentist.

2.A horse has four f_____(脚).

3.Teenagers should learn how to c_______(控制)yourself.

4.Now many children don’t know the i________(重要性)of learning English.

5.There are two k________(刀) on the desk.

6. There are too many p______(乘客)in that bus.

7.It’s important for us to make a d______(决心).

8 After h______(受伤，伤害) her right leg, Lucy didn,t give up dancing.

9.we are sad because of the cat’s d______(死亡).

10.You should go to hospital if you have an a______(事故)

家庭作业：1.完成讲义上的练习题

2.熟读单词并抄写讲义上的单词（每个抄写五遍）

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