英文科技论文写作近义词替换词大全

Part 1

A A band of= a herd of=a flock of 一群

A range of=an array of= a list of= a collection of=a series of= a set of一系列

Accelerate=speed up加速

Accomplishment=achievement 成就，完成 Accomplish=achieve （V）完成，达成，成就 Attend=participate in 参加

Achieve=obtain=gain=access to sth得到、获得 Adapt to=integrate into使适应、融为一体 Aim.n=objective=goal 目的

Aim at=focus on=concentrate on=emphasize on 集中、强调 An array of=a list of =a set of=a series of 一系列 Attempt to do=try to do=intend to do尝试作，想要作 Approximately=roughly=about=some=around 大约 Appreciation=interest 欣赏

As a result=consequently=as a consequence=hence因此、从而 As well as=and和 As well=too也

Associate with=connect with=link with=relate to=involve in与……相关联

Attach to=connect to=link to=serve与……相连接、附着在……上 At will=at random＝by chance=by accident=accidentally随意地 Automatically ensure=guarantee确保

B Be similar to=closely resembled =have something in common 相似 Be used to=be devoted to专门用于 Be equivalent to=be equal to 等同于 Be taken aback=be surprised 吃惊 Briskly =rapidly=swiftly快速地

C Calculate=measure 衡量

Catch up with=keep pace with跟上步伐 Chief=major=dominant=principle主要的 Chronic=long term 慢性病的 Complain=illness 病症 Concern n. =focus关心的问题 Concern v. =about 与……有关

Concept =conception=notion=idea=understanding概念、理解 Condition=regulate 调节

Confront=encounter=in the face of面临 Concern = care关心

Consist of=comprise由什么组成

Concur with sb=agree with sb同意某人 Contaminate=pollute=poison 污染 Contend=assert=cliam断言

Contribute to=result in=lead to=link to=responsible for导致 Cooperate with=work with 与……协作 Convert to=turn into 转为、转变为 Crop up=crop out=come up 出现

D Degenerated=underdeveloped退化

Distract from= can not concentrate 使精力分散 Deadly=fateful 致命的 Diminish=decrease=shrink 减少

Distort reality=far from reality=dishonest不真实的 Distinction=difference=nuance 不同之处 Distinct=distinguish=different=unique不同的

Distinct variety of =different kind of=separate kind of不同的 Distinguish=tell辨别 Due to=because of由于 Drawback=defect=ill缺点

E Eat=feed 喂食，进食 Endanger=threaten 威胁

Engage in=participate in=join in 参与 Establish=set up建立

Establish=find out=figure out=work out查明 Evolvement=development=progress发展、发育 Emphasize=stress 强调（v） Embark upon=start=launch开始

Enlighten=illuminate=instruct=educate启蒙、给予知识 Entire=whole 全部

Exceptional=extremely 特别（特别好）

F Fail to do=failure to do=can not do没有能够做 Far from=not at all根本不 Fault=flaw=defect错误 Form=shape=mould形成 Foundation=basis基础

Finance=sponsor=fund 提供赞助（金钱） Free=release=set free释放 Frequently=often 经常

G Great milestone=impact=effect=influence对……具有很重要的影响力 Grant=give授予 Gas=petrol石油

H Hold=harbor=embrace拥有 Halt=stop=hamper(v.) 阻止、使停滞 Hurdle=barrier(n.) 阻碍

I Identical=the same一模一样 Imitate=impersonate模仿

Incline to do=tend to do倾向于做某事 Indicate=show=suggest=signify=identify表明 Identify=recognize鉴别

In reaction to=respond to 对……起反应 Interpret=illustrate解释 Introduce to=import to引入

K Key (a.)=important=significant=crucial=essential=play important part/role in重要的，关键的

Key (n.)=approach=means=method=technique方法

L Likelihood=possibility可能性 Link-up=connection 联系

M Master=grasp 掌握

a vital/ an

Match sth to=assign sth to把……和……搭配起来

Misconception=misunderstanding=mistaken view错误的理解 Modify=change=alter修改、改变 Manifestation=demonstration 显示、表明

N Nature=character=characteristics本质、特点 Non-toxic= less poisonous=safe 无毒的、安全的 Novel a.=fresh=new=up to date 新潮的、创新的 Numerous= a number of 许多

O Owing to=thanks to =contribute to多亏……，有赖于……

P Pattern=format形式，模式 Pattern=design图案 Pore over=study 研究 Poisonous=toxic 有毒的 Portray=describe描写塑造(v.) Portrait=description描写塑造(n.) Preserve=store 储存

Prevailing=popular=prevalent 盛行的

Present day=modern society 现代社会、现在时代 Prodigious effort=enormous effort重大的努力

Produce=trigger=generate=spawn=bring about=result=breed=spawn激发、产生

Provide=offer 提供

Protect A from B =shelter A from B 使A不受B的侵害

Q Questionnaire=survey 问卷调查

R Readily=easily=accessible 容易地 Reflect=consider考虑

Relate to=understand=appreciate理解 Rely on=depend on 依靠……

Remarkable=extraordinary 特别突出的（好的事物） Replace=take the place of 取代

Residue=remains=relics=relicts=ruins剩余物、废墟 Resemble=like=as像

S Show=reflect表现

Significance=importance 重要性

State=Situation=circumstance 状况,状态,情形 Striking=noticeable值得注意地 Struggle for=strive for 努力地争取 Substantial=considerable 想当可观的

Success=achievement=great outcome=great progress=huge development成功、成就

Surprising=unexpectedly uncommon令人吃惊的

T Take to=be used to=get used to 对……习惯 Tale=story=fairytale 故事 Talent=gift 天赋

Tuition=formal teaching正式的学校教育 Turn to=consult 寻求帮助、求助于 Toxic=poisonous 有毒的

U Unbiased=without prejudice 无立场、不带任何偏见的 Up to=depend on/upon=rely on 由……决定 Universal=popular普遍

V Virtue=advantage=strength 优点好处

W Work out=figure out=reckon 计算出、作出

Part 2

1解决: Solve, deal with, cope with, handle, resolve, address, tackle 2损害：Damage, hurt, injure, harm, impair, undermine, jeopardize 3给与：Give, offer, render, impart, provide, supply, afford 4培养：：Develop, cultivate, foster

5优势：Advantage, merit, virtue, benefit, upside, strength 6缺陷：Disadvantage, demerit, drawback, downside, weakness 7使迷惑：Puzzle, bewilder, perplex, baffle

8重要的：Key, crucial, critical, important, significant, vital, substantial, indispensable, imperative, essential

9认为：Think, believe, insist, maintain, assert, conclude, deem, hold, argue, be convinced, be firmly convinced, be fully convinced 10保护：Protect, conserve, preserve 11确保：Assure, ensure, guarantee, pledge 12有害的：Bad, baneful evil, harmful, detrimental 13要求：Request, demand, needs, requisition

14消除：Eliminate, clear, remove, clear up, take away, smooth away 15导致：Lead to, bring about, result in, cause, spark off, conduce to, procure, induce, generate

16因此：So, therefore, thus, hence, consequently, as a consequence, accordingly, as a result, because of this, as a result of this

17增长至：Grow to，rise to，increase to，go up to，climb to，ascend to，

jump to，shoot to

18降低至：Dip to，fall to，decline to，decrease to，drop to，go down to，reduce to，slump to，descend to，sink to，slide to

19 保持稳定：Level out，do not change，remain stable，remain still，remain steady，be stable，maintain the same level，remain unchanged，be still，remain the same level，stay constant，keep at the same level，level off，stabilize，keep its stability，even out

20急剧的：Dramatically，drastically，sharply，hugely，enormously，steeply，substantially，considerably，significantly，markedly，surprisingly，strikingly，radically，remarkably，vastly，noticeably

21平稳地：Steadily，smoothly，slightly，slowly，marginally，gradually，moderately，mildly

22宣称：Allege, assert, declare, claim 23发生：Happen, occur, take place 24原因：Reason, factor, cause

25发展：Development, advance, progress

26有益的：Useful, helpful, beneficial, profitable, rewarding，advantageous

27影响：Influence, impact, effect

28明显的：Clear, obvious, evident, self-evident, manifest, apparent, crystal-clear

29占：Comprise, take up, account for, constitute, consist of, make up,

occupy, hold, compose

30与…相比：Compared with，compared to，in comparison with，in comparison to，by comparison with，by comparison to

31对比而言：By contrast，in contrast，on the other hand，on the contrary=，conversely

32展示：Show, reveal, illustrate, demonstrate, depict, present, represent, describe

33大约：Approximately，almost，about，around，nearly，roughly 34波动：Fluctuate，go ups and downs，display a fluctuation，demonstrate a fluctuation

35事实上：Practically，in practice，essentially，in essence，in reality，in effect，in fact，as a matter of fact，it is a fact that

36换言之：Namely，that is to say，in other words，to put it like this，to put it differently，to put it from another way，to put it from another angle

Part 3

1. Concern with = relate to 与有关

2. grow= increase= riseconcentrate on = focus on 3. Under the title=name achievement =success 4. tend to do sth = plane to do sth/ want to do sth

5. be associated with = be connected with = be linked to 与……有关联 6. approach = method = way = key intensely= extremely = very 7. establish= found = set up establishment = organization 8. offersbsth =supply sb with sth =provide sb with sth= grant 9. argument= disagreementwork = materpiece著作

10. contract = agreement合同，合约no= without = have no 没有 11. chaos = mess 混乱monument= landmark里程碑

12. help sb with = assist sb in doing sth=reach a hand to sb帮助某人作某事

13. draw from = take fromleading = outstanding 14. competitor= rival recognize as = look/assume as

Part 4

1. dislike=distaste 2. test = examine

3. effect= impact=influencefrom…to = range from…to… 4. ignore = neglectas per=according to

5. unfold= carry on be reluctant to do=reject=refuse 6. before = prior to

7. predict = estimate =anticipateobey= abide by = comply with 8. account for= explain= elucidate=illustrate in essence = in fact=indeed 9. discrepancy=difference=shade forgo=give up 10. context =environment=sircumstance=situation

11. radical different=extremely different put another way=in other words 12. sort out= find out= figure out plausible = reasonable 12. fear=worrypollute = contaminate

13. predict= anticipate=forecastoverstate = exaggerate 14. in great number of = in _____ number ofactually=indeed 15. disappear= extinct灭绝seem to do =assume to do 16. solve = cope with=deal with解决accelerate = speed up 17. impact = effect =influenceresponse to = react to 18. opinion poll= survey reason = factor 原因、因素 19. entitle= name overwhelming=dominant 20. field =domain 学科领域oppose=against

21. for example=such as=for instance=sayaltruistic=non-selfish 22. lead to=result in 导致 extremely=seriously 严重地 23. perception = view 观点、看法 association=society协会 24. encounter with = face=confront面对postpone to=delay

25. pressing=urgent紧急、急迫measure=solution=method解决方法 26. key=crucial =significant=importmant关键、重要 27. but=yet enormous importance=great/significant 28. launch=startderive from = get from 29. revert to= get back todistinction=identity 30. immense =greatin the domain of=in the field of 31. couple with = along withamass dollar=accumulate dollar 32. essential feature = principleseize=grasp 33. innovative=fresh drab=dull/single

34. entirely=totallybe restricted to=be limited to 35. needs=demand

36. dub=call=name reflex=reaction/response

37. result from=originate frombe critical for = be important to 38. demanding=difficultretune=adjust 39. seek for =search foroutlook=view 40. figure out = find outtrack=follow 41. in response to=respond to = react to

42. prominence=importance revolution=invention

43. in relation to= in association withsociety = association 44. treatise=workfeature=characteristics

45. commercial exploitation =commercializedo with=due to=because of 46. objective = impersonal=impartialfoster=develop

47. account=explanation=illustrationsubstantial=consider=enough 48. be acknowledged=be realizedpilot program=trial program 49. configuration=structurephenomenal=surprising 50. make stride=make progressregardless of=despite of 51. perpetuate=keep=maintainaccess to sth=get sth 52. vital importance=extremely important 53. rest=depositartificial=manmade

54. make a comeback=return=re-enterbig=popular 55. ignite=trigger a field of=a domain of 56. encompass=unifyimply=indicate

57. breakthrough=milestonearound the corner=is coming 58. materialize=realizetide=trend 59. agency=organizationreckon=deem 60. approach=methodspot=find out 61. boost=promoteprospect=future 62. feature=portray elusive=pessimistic 63. match up to sth=equal with impressive=great 64. impact=effect=influencefragile=vulnerable

65. indigenous people=native peopletend to=look after 66. undermine=destroy=damageinevitable=unavoidable 67. renaissance=revive for instance=for example 68. operate=run

69. failure=incidentrare=unusually 70. tension=pressurecompression=pressure 71. prime=get ready to doinclusion=impurity 72. occur=happenanalyze=closely examine 73. detect=examine

74. trigger=produceinduce=encourage

75. regardless=in spite of considerable=substantial 76. important =crucial

77. opinon=perspective, standpoint 78. fame=prestige

79. relieve=alleviate(alleviate means you make pain or sufferings less intense or severe)

80. force=coerces into(coerce means you make someone do something s/he does not want to),compel

81. enlarge=magnify(magnify means make something larger than it really is)

82. Lonely=solitary(if someone is solitary, there is no one near him/her 83. small=minuscule(very small), minute

84. praise=extol(stronger than praise), compliment(polite and political) 85. hard-working=assiduous(someone who is assiduous works hard or does things very thoroughly

86. difficult=arduous(if something is arduous, it is difficult and tiring, and involves a lot of efforts)

87. show=demonstrate(to demonstrate a fact means tp make it clear to people.)

88. avoid=shun(if someone shuns something, s/he deliberately avoid that something or keep away from it

89. fair=impartial(someone who is impartial is able to give a fair opinion or decision on something.)

90. always=invariably(the same as always, but better than always) 91. forever=perpetual(a

perpetual

state

never

changes),

immutable(something immutable will never change or be changed)

92. quiet=tranquil(calm and peaceful), serene(calm and quiet) 93. expensive=exorbitant(it means too expensive that it should be) 94. respect=esteem

95. worry=fret(if you fret about something, you worry about it) 96. cold=chilly(unpleasantly cold), icy(extremely cold)

97. dangerous=perilous(very dangerous, hazardous(dangerous, especially to people's safety and health)

98. nowadays=currently

99. stop=cease(if something ceases, it stops happening or existing) 100. part=component(the components of something are the parts that it is made of)

101. difficult=formidable

102. strange=eccentric(if some one is eccentric, s/he behaves in a strange way, or his/her opinion is different from most people) 103. rich=affluent(if you are affluent, you have a lot of money) 104. approximately将近-nearly, almost

105. dubious=skeptical(if you are skeptical about something, you have doubts on it.)

106. scholarship=fellowship 107. attractive=appealing(pleasing

and

attractive),

absorbing(something absorbing can attract you a great deal)

108. diverse=miscellaneous(a miscellaneous groups consists of many different kinds of things)

109. rapid=meteoric(ATTENTION: meteoric is only used to describe someone achieves success quickly) 110. 111.

despite=not withstanding(FORMAL)

best=optimal(used to describe the best level something can

achieve) 112.

sharp=acute(severe and intense)

113. unbelievable=inconceivable(if you deem something inconceivable, you think it very unlike to happen 114.

famous=distinguished(used to describe people who are successful

in their career) 115. 116.

ancient=archaic(extremely old and extremely old-fashioned) possible=feasible(if something is feasible, it can be done, made or

achieved) 117. 118. 119.

of=necessary to without=free from

about=concerning=related to

120. 在…方面:in …ways=in …aspects/respects/perspectives 121. 用…方法：in…ways=in…fashion=in …manner 122. rich = wealthy = affluent = well-to-do = well-off 123. poor = needy = impoverished

124. good = conducive = beneficial=advantageous 125. bad = detrimental = baneful =undesirable 126. healthy = robust = sound = wholesome

127. surprising = amazing = extraordinary = miraculous 128. energetic = dynamic = vigourous =animated 129. 难的：difficult=troublesome=burdensome=thorny 130. 不

可

或

缺

的

：

necessary=indispensable=inevitable=irreplaceable=unavoidable

131. 重要的：important=crucial, critical, essential, vital

132. =be importance=be of cruciality=be of criticality= be of essentiality=be of vitality

133. 巨大的：large=enormous, tremendous, considerable, appreciable 134. 正确的（correct）=仔细的(careful)=arduous=assiduous 135. 有道理的：reasonable=rational and plausible 136. 吸引人的：attractive=inviting and appealing 137. 足够的：adequate and sufficient 138. 日常：daily = day-to-day = everyday

139. improve = enhance= promote = strengthen = optimize 140. solve =resolve =address = tackle =cope with = deal with 141. destroy = tear down = knock down = eradicate 142. develop = cultivate = foster = nurture 143. encourage = motivate = stimulate = spur 144. complete = fulfill = accomplish= achieve 145. destroy = impair = undermine = jeopardize 146. influence= impact 147. danger = perils =hazards

148. human beings= mankind = humane race

149. old people= the old = the elderly = the aged = senior citizens 150. teachers = instructors = educators = lecturers

151. education = schooling = family parenting = upbringing

152. young people = youngsters = youths = adolescents 153. responsibility = obligation = duty = liability 154. 因素：cause, reason=factor, determinant

155. 联系：relationship(relate A to B) =connection(connect A to B ) =association(associate A to B)

156. 优点：advantage=benefit=superiority=merit = favorable aspects/respects/perspectives=undesirable aspects/respects/perspectives 157.disadvantage=detriment=inferiority=defect=deficiency=unfavorable aspects/respects/perspectives

=undesirable aspects/respects/perspectives

158. enjoyment = pastimes = recreation= entertainment 159. children = offspring = descendant = kid Part 5

1. 充满了：be filled with = be awash with = be inundate with = be

saturated with

2. 努力：struggle for = aspire after = strive for = spare no efforts for 3. 从事：embark on = take up = set about = go in for

4. 在当代: in contemporary society = in present-day society= in this day and age

5. a host of = a multitude of = a vast number of = a vast amount of 6. 对…有益处：be good for.=do good to =be beneficial to =be advantageous to =be conducive to

7. 对…有害处：be harmful/bad for =be detrimental to disadvantageous to =be pernicious to 8. 集中精力于：focus on = concentrate on

= concentrate/ fix/ focus one’s attention on devote oneself to dedicate oneself to commit oneself to engage oneself in employ oneself in

9. 认为：think = argue, assert, contend, claim, maintain, note hold the viewpoint that

=be hold the standpoint that hold the perspective that harbour an idea/opinion that embrace a view that

10. 反对：be against=reject, object, oppose =be opposed to =become hostile to

11. 支持：support=take sides with =advocate =lend support to =sing high praise of

12. 导致：lead to=trigger =result in, bring about, contribute to =give rise to, give birth to, be responsible for 13. (归咎于：be ascribed to=be attributed to) 14. 发展(develop)，提高(increase)，改善(improve)

=A 及物动词组 promote, advance, enhance, reinforce 名词 promotion, advancement, enhancement, reinforcement =B 不及物动词 rocket, boom, flourish, prosper 15. 有：负面含义：suffer, run high risk of 正面含义：boast, embrace

16. 中性含义：face=be faced with=be possessed of

面临，面对：be faced with=be encountered with=be poised on the brink of 17. 破坏：destroy, damage =A decompose, destruct =B endanger, threaten

=C impair, decimate, deteriorate

=D exercise/practice/perform damage/danger…upon 18. 阻碍：limit=A restrict, restrain, constrict, constrain =B obstacle, barricade =C smother, curb =D hinder, impede

19. 下结论：make a conclusion= draw a conclusion that= reach a conclusion that

= arrive at a conclusion that = hammer a conclusion that = crystallize a conclusion that

20. 使用：use=employ, apply, adopt,=resort to 21. innovate/ invent 22. attend to/ take care of 23. balanced/ equitable 24. virtual (love)/ simulate

25. small-scale小范围/ marginal边缘处的 26. dialect方言 accent腔调 27. look like/ resemble

28. chronic长期的,慢性的 long-term长期的 29. on-line /net/ cyber 30. solely/ merely/ only

31. deplete开采完，耗尽/ exhaust 32. category-categorize/ class-classify?

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