2020高考一轮备考原创语法填空和短文改错 - 最新人与自我 健康类

语法填空一：Mind and Body Benefit from Two Hours in Nature Each Week

By now it's almost common knowledge that spending time in nature is good for you. Areas with more trees tend to be less1._________( pollute), so spending time there allows you 2.____________( breath) easier. Spending time outdoors 3.___________________(link) with reduced blood pressure and stress, and seems to motivate people to exercise more.

“So it'll come as no surprise that there's research 4.__________( show) that spending time in nature is good. I mean, that's been known 5._____millennia (几千年). There's dozens of 6.________( paper) showing that.\Mathew P. White.\how long should I 7.________(spent)?' and the doctor is saying, 'I don't really know.'\

8.______________( remarkable), the researchers found that less than two hours offered no significant benefits. So what's so special about two hours?\Really, we didn't have a priority guess at 9.______this would be, this threshold. It emerged. And I'd be lying if I said we predicted this, I don't know.\

While cautions that it’s really just a correlation (相关). Nobody knows why or how nature has this benefit, or even if the findings will stand up to more rigorous 10.________________( investigate).

答案主旨：研究称，每周两小时的自然活动有益于身心健康，但仍需进一步研究。

1.polluted 考查非谓语动词。根据句意，有更多树的地区很少容易被污染。be+done 被动

2.to breathe 考查词性转换和固定搭配。allow sb. to do 允许某人做某事。breath是名词。

3.has been linked 考查动词时态。Spending time动名词短语作句子的主语，谓语动词是单三形式。

4.showing 考查非谓语动词。there be句型 there be+doing。 5.for 考查固定搭配。be known for 因…而著名。

6.papers 考查名词复数。dozens of +名词复数 “一打…” 7.spend 考查情态动词。should do

8.Remarkably 考查词性转换。形容词转换为副词，位于句首，首字母大写。 9.what 考查what作表语和宾语。what 作at 宾语，作would be的表语。 10.investigation 考查词性转换。rigorous是形容词，修饰名词。

语法填空二：Are Some Kinds of Sitting Worse than Others?

Working at a desk all day may not be as bad for your health as 1.________(sit) in front of a television after work.

That is a finding of a new study 2._______(do) in the United States. It also suggests that not all forms of sitting are 3.________(equal) bad. Jeanette Garcia led the study. Garcia works as a researcher at the University of Central Florida in Orlando. “We’ve been hearing more and more about how sitting is the new smoking,” she said. She added that other 4.__________(evident) suggests a relationship between health problems and time spent sitting. “However, it’s been unclear whether all sitting is created equally, suggesting that as long as you reduce any type of sitting, then that’s helpful in 5.__________(improve) health,” she added. “This study suggests that this may not be the case, and that we should focus more 6._____leisure time sitting, mainly television viewing time, rather than sitting, in general.”

The study had some limitations, however. Arch Mainous is a researcher at the University of Florida in Gainesville. Mainous said in 7.____email that it would be a mistake for people with desk jobs to think there is no need 8.________(get) moving during the work day. “Take the stairs rather than the elevator, or take a walk at lunch,” Mainous advised. “Leisure time physical activity is definitely 9.__________(benefit), but working in some more steps in the workday should also10.________________(encourage).”

答案主旨：一些类型的坐姿比其他形式的坐姿危害更大吗？

1.sitting 考查动名词。动名词作主语。

2.done 考查非谓语动词。 a new study与done之间是被动关系。 3.equally 考查词性转换，修饰形容词bad，用equal的副词形式。 4.evidence 考查词性转换。other+名词复数 evidence为不可数名词。 5.improving 考查介词用法。in+doing 也是固定搭配be helpful in doing。 6.on 考查固定搭配。focus on 关注于…

7.an 考查冠词。email首字母发音为元音，故要用an。 8.to get 考查非谓语动词。there is no need to do 9.beneficial 考查词性转换。is+adj.

10.be encouraged 考查被动时态和情态动词用法。should be done

短文改错一：One Thing You Can Do Right Now to Help Your Heart

Many diseases and medical conditions caused by things out of our control. Yet experts say you can control but even prevent many of the risk factors that increases your chances of die. It is free and easy. Smile! Anand Chockalingam is one of heart disease specialist at University of Missouri Health Care in Columbia, Missouri. He advises his patients to smile. \positively.\He says smiling is a first step in fight physical and emotional stress and its sometimes harmful effects for human healthy. This is not just New Age advice. Several studies support Dr. Chockaligam’s prescription to smile more. Dr. Chockalingam says a smile may be one way to help. He tells his patients to smile 20 times a hour. To some, that might seem like a lot of smiling. Or some might even feel foolish ... smiling for seemingly no reason. But a smile does not involve drugs. It is not invasive like a surgical operation. It is free and it has no bad side effect.

答案主旨：微笑有助于心脏健康。

1.第一行 caused前加are。考查被动时态。句意为：被我们所不能控制的事物引发。 2.第二行but 改为and。考查连词。根据句意不表转折。

3.第二行increases改为increase。考查动词。从句主语为 factors为复数，故increase。 4.第三行specialist 改为specialists。考查固定搭配。one of +名词复数。 5.第五行be去掉。考查get系动词用法。get 系动词与be 用法一样。 6.第六行positively改为positive。考查词性转换。are+adj. 7.第六行fight改为fighting。考查介词用法。in+doing。

8.第七行healthy改为health。考查词性转换。此处需要名词，而healthy是形容词。 9.第九行a改为an。考查冠词。hour 首字母h不发音，后发音为元音。 10.第十二行effect改为effects。考查名词复数。side effects副作用。

短文改错二：

Aging is normal. But dementia（痴呆）is not a normal part of aging. The World Health Organization (WHO) defines dementia an illness marked by a decline in a person’s ability to think, reason and understand “beyond that might be expected from normal aging.” It results in a variety of diseases and injuries that affect the brain, such as Alzheimer disease or stroke. WHO experts warn that dementia is a “rapidly growing public health problem.” People with dementia are often not able to care for themselves. Their need for care, the WHO adds, create great economic problems for families and societies. Experts estimate that by the year 2030 care for people with dementia will cost about $2 trillion (US$) every year. The WHO released new guidelines for reducing the risk of getting dementia. WHO experts say that scientific evidence confirms that what is good for our hearts are also good for our brains. Having an active and healthy lifestyle is the best way to avoid to getting dementia as we age. The new guidelines can also help governments and

policy-makers design social programs to help people lead healthy lifestyles. WHO experts add that possible following a Mediterranean-style diet may help prevent dementia. And they warn against talking vitamin B or E pills, fish oil or other so-called “brain health” pill. They say there is “strong research showing they don’t work.”

答案主旨：痴呆，一个日益严重的世界健康问题。世界卫生组织发布了降低患痴呆风险的指导方法。

1.第二行an 前加as 考查介词和固定搭配。define…as…把…定义为… 2.第三行第一个 that 改为what 考查what用法。what作beyond的宾语。

3.第三行in 改为from 考查句意和固定搭配。results in导致 result from 由…导致，句意为：它是由于影响大脑的各种疾病和损伤如老年痴呆症疾病或者打击造成的。

4.第六行create改为creates 考查动词。 Their need是句子的主语，是单数。

5.第七行care改为caring 考查动名词。caring for people with dementia 作句子的主语。 6.第九行are改为is 考查谓语动词 what is good for our hearts 作句子主语，谓语动词为单数。 7.第十行 getting前删掉to 考查固定搭配。avoid +doing

8.第十一行possible改为 possibly 考查词性转换。 副词possibly修饰动词 following，“可能遵循”。9.第十二行And 改为But 考查连词。 根据句意，但是他们警告不要讨论维生素B维生素E片，鱼油或者其他所谓的“健脑”丸等的效果。

10. 最后一行pill改为pills 考查名词复数 other+名词复数。

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