高考名词性从句讲解（主语和表语从句）

高考名词性从句讲解 Whatever we do is to serve the people.

在复合句中起名词作用的从句叫做名词性从句。它包括主语从句、宾语从句、*whatever, whoever, whichever引导的主语从句的区分： 表语从句和同位语从句。名词性从句是中学阶段的一个重要语法项目，在历年的Whatever 相当于anything that , 是 what 的强调形式，表示“无论什么”。 高考中几乎都涉及到，并且每年的命题各有变化。分析历届高考试题名词性从句 Whatever she does is right. 考查的焦点主要有以下六个方面： Whoever相当于anyone who,是who 的强调形式，表示“无论谁，任何…的人”。 1. 考查名词性从句的语序问题（疑问词）+主语+谓语+其它 Whoever walks around in such a heavy rain will catch a cold. 2. 考查引导词that与what的区别 Whichever“无论哪个，无论哪些”，既可以指人，也可以指物，可以单独使用，3. 考查it在名词性从句中作形式主语或形式宾语的用法 可以修饰名词，也可以后跟of短语。 4. 考查whether与if的区别：除宾语从句中可以用if，其它从句只能用whether. Whichever book you borrow doesn ?t matter to us. 5. 考查名词性从句的虚拟语气问题 6. 考查名词性从句中的疑问词+ever引导的名词性从句与no matter+疑问词引导的状语从句的区别 【语法要点剖析】 主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句、同位语从句，在整个句子中所起的作用，相当于一个名词。因此，这四种从句通称为名词性从句。 引导名词性从句的连接词可分为三类： 连接词：that, whether, if （不充当从句的任何成分） 连接代词：what, whatever, who, whoever, whom, whose, which. 连接副词：when, where, how, why 一、主语从句 在复合句中作主语的从句叫主语从句。主语从句通常由从属连词that，whether和连接代词what，who，which，whatever，whoever以及连接副词how，when，where，why等词引导。that在句中无词义，只起连接作用；连接代词和连接副词在句中既保留自己的疑问含义、又起连接作用，在从句中充当从句的成分。例如： What he wants to tell us is not clear. It is known to us how he became a writer. Where the English evening will be held has not yet been announced. 1. 由连词that引导的主语从句:引导词that无含义,在句中不做成分,不可以省。 例如：That you will win the medal seems unlikely. That you are so indifferent bothers me. That she survived the accident is a miracle. 2. 用连词 whether 引导的主语从句:whether有含义(是否),在句中不做成分,不可以省。例如：Whether she is coming or not doesn?t matter too much. 备注：It doesn?t matter if 是固定句型。 3.用连接代词引导的主语从句(在由连接代词who, whose, whom, which, what, whoever, whomever, whichever, whatever引导的名词性从句中，其连接代词在句中起名词性作用，担当一定成分，有意义)。 例如：What you need is more practice. What I want to know is this. 4.用连接副词when, where, why, how引导的名词性从句(其连接副词有含义,在句中作状语。) eg:Where we should leave it is a problem. When they will come hasn?t been made pubic.

5. 有时为避免句子头重脚轻，常用形式主语it代替主语从句作形式主语放于句首，而把主语从句置于句末，但是不能代替由what引导的主语从句。主语从句后的谓语动词一般用单数形式。常用句型如下： （1）It + be + 名词 + that从句 （2）It + be + 形容词 + that从句 （3）It + be + 动词的过去分词 + that从句（4）It + 不及物动词 + that 从句 另注意在主语从句中用来表示惊奇、不相信、惋惜、理应如此等语气时，谓语动词要用虚拟语气“(should) +do”，常用的句型有：

It is necessary (important, natural, strange, etc.) that … It is a pity (a shame, no wonder, etc.) that… It is suggested (requested, proposed, desired, etc.) that… 即学即练： 1．_____they are most interested in is how they can produce more and better cars. A. That B. What C. When D. Whether 2．______we?ll go camping tomorrow depends on the weather. A. If B. Whether C. That D. Where 3. ________ makes mistakes must correct them. A. What B. That C. Whoever D. Whatever 4. ______ surprised me most was that such a little boy of seven could play the violin so well.. A. That B. What C. Whether D. When 5. ________ we go swimming every day ______us a lot of good. A. If…do B. That…do C. If…does D. That…does 6. It ________ Bob drives badly. A. thinks that B. is thought what C. thought that D. is thought that

7. It?s uncertain(不确定） ________ the exhibition will be hold in Shanghai. A. if B. that C. whether D. how

8. It?s certain(不确定） ________ the exhibition will be hold in Shanghai. A. if B. that C. whether D. how 9. ________ the boy didn't take medicine made his mother angry. A. That B. What C. How D. Which 10. ____ we can't have seems better than what we have. A. What B. Who C. That D. whose 11. ____ you don't like him is none of my business. A. What B. Who C. That D. Whether

12. _______ team will win the match is none of my business. A. Which B. That C. If D. How

13. _________is going to do the job will be decided by the CEO. A. That B. Why C. How D. Who

14. _______ we'll finish translating the book depends on the time. A. When B. Why C. What D. That 二、表语从句

在复合句中作表语的从句叫表语从句。引导表语从句的关联词与引导主语从句的关联词大致一样，表语从句位于连系动词后，一般结构是“主语+连系动词+表语从句”。可以接表语从句的连系动词有：be, look, remain, seem等。注意：关联词不能省略，并且从句用陈述语序。例如：

The fact is that we have lost the game. That is why he didn?t come to the meeting.

需要注意的，当主语是reason时，表语从句要用that引导而不是because。但是reason 后面的定语从句可以用why 或that引导。例如：The reason why he was late was that he missed the train by one minute this morning 【附加】在名词性从句中that与what的区别:

that在名词性从句中不充当句子成分,只起连接作用，没有意义，不能省略（在宾语从句中能省略）。

如：That they are good at English is known to us all.

The problem is that we don?t have enough money.

what在名词性从句中充当句子成分，起连接作用，有意义，不能省略。what可以分解成定语从句中的先行词 + 关系代词+ that。理解为双重身份。 如：Do what he says. What (=The thing that) he said was true.

名词性从句的两大难点

一、wh-ever 与no matter +疑问词的用法区别 wh-ever既可以引导名词性从句，也可以引导让步状语从句；而no matter +疑问词只能引导让步状语从句。如： Whatever I said, he wouldn?t listen to me.

=No matter what I said, he wouldn?t listen to me. He would believe whatever I said. 二、doubt 与sure 后的名词性从句 doubt用于肯定句时，后用whether 或if 引导的宾语从句；用于否定句或疑问句时，后用that 引导的宾语从句。Sure用于肯定句时，后接that引导的宾语从句；用于否定句时，后接whether/if引导的宾语从句。如： We doubt whether they can complete the work ahead of time.

He didn?t doubt that they would give him another chance to have a try. I?m not sure whether he is innocent. 我不确信他是否是无辜的。 I?m sure that exercise is a good way of losing weight. 即学即练：

1. The question is ________ we will have our sports meet next week. A. that B. if C. when D. whether 2．The reason why he failed is ________he was too careless.

A. because B. that C. for D. because of 3. Go and get your coat. It? s ________you left it.

A. where B. there C. there where D. where there 4．The problem is _________to take the place of Ted.

A. who can we get B. what we can get C. who we can get D. that we can get 5. What I want to know is ______ he likes the gift given by us. A. that B. if C. whether D.不填 6. The reason is_________I missed the bus.

A. that B. when C. why D. what 7. That is we were late last time.

A. that B. when C. why D. what

8. The truth is ________ we will have our sports meet next week. A. that B. if C. when D. whether 9. ---I fell sick!

---I think it is _______ you are doing too much.

A. why B. when C. what D. because 10. The reason why he hasn?t come is ___________.

A. because his mother is ill B. because of his mother?s being ill C. that his mother is ill D. for his mother is ill 11. ---He was born here.

---That is _______ he likes the place so much.

A. that B. what C. why D. how

12.That is ______ Lu Xun once lived.

A. what B. where C. that D. why that/what的区别练习：

1．_______your father wants to know is________ getting on with your studies. A. What; how are you B. That；how you are C. How；that you are D. What；how you are 2. The trouble is____we are short of tools.

A. what B. that C. how D. why that 3. America was __________was first called “India” by Columbus. A. what B. where C. the place D. there where 4. The energy is ________ makes the cells able to do their work. A. that B. which C. what D. such

5. ________he really means is ______ he disagrees with us. A. What … that B. That … what C. What … what D. That … what

主语从句：BBCB

DDCB AACA DA

答案DBACCACADCCB that/what的区别DBACA

名词性从句专项练习100题

1. His success was because of ________ he had been working hard.

A. that

B. the fact which

C. the fact that

D. the

fact

2. “Is Mary from New York City” “I don't know _______.”

A. from what city does she come from B. from what city she come C. what city does she come from

D. what city she comes from

3. ________ makes mistakes must correct them.

A. What

B. That

C. Whoever

D.

Whatever

4. The reason why I didn't go to Shanghai was ________ a new job.

A. because I got B. because of getting C. I got

D. that

I got

5. It worried her a bit ____ her hair was turning grey.

A. while

B. that

C. if

D. for 6. Henry killed the dog. I'll ask him why ________.

A. did he do that B. he did that

C. he did

D. he

has done so

7. Have you seen Henry lately My boss wants to know ________.

A. how he is getting along B. how is he getting along C. what he is getting along

D. what is he getting along 8. It is generally considered unwise to give a child ____ he or she wants.

A. however B. whatever

C. whichever

D.

whenever

9. He asked me ________ with me.

A. what is the trouble

B. what wrong was C. what was the matter

D. what trouble it is 10. I am sure ________ he said is true.

A. that

B. about that

C. of that

D. that

what

11. When and why he came here ________ yet.

A. is not known B. are not known

C. has not known

D.

have not bee

12. I wonder how much ________.

A. does the watch cost

B. did the watch cost C. the watch costed

D. the watch costs

13. Mary is ________ someone might recognize her.

A. afraid of B. afraid about C. afraid that D. afraid for

14.________ is no reason for dismissing her.

A. Because she was a few minutes late

B. Owing to a few minutes late C. The fact that she was a few minutes late D. Being a few minutes late 15. They came to the conclusion ________ by a computer.

A. that not all things can be done

B. because of not all things be done

C. being not all things can be done

D. because not all things can be

done

16. Why the explosion occurred was ________ the laboratory attendant had been careless.

A. for B. because C. since D. that 17. I don't doubt ________ he'll come.

A. that

B. if

C. what

D.

whether

18. —“Why did you go to the wrong class, Mr. Wang”

—“Well, I forget _______ I was supposed to go to.” A. which the room B. which room

C. what was the room D.

what

room was it

19. Output is now six times ________ it was before liberation.

A. that

B. which

C. what

D. of which

20. Mary: Helen is a mere washer woman, yet she's now buying a big house.

Carol: Yes. Because she's always saved ________. A. what little she earns B. how little she earns C. for little she earns

D. with little she earns

21. ______ surprised me most was ______ such a little boy of seven could play the violin so well.

A. That…what B. What…that

C. That…which

D.

What…which

22. We gave him ________ help we could.

A. which

B. what C. that

D. this 23. She is pleased with what you have given him and ________ you have told him.

A. that

B. which

C. all what

D. all that

24. Excuse me would you please tell me ________

A. when the sports meet is taken place B. when is the sports meet going to

be held

C. when is the sports meet to begin

D. when the sports meet is to take place

25. Do you happen to know ________

A. what size shoes he wears

B. how big shoes he wears C. what is the size of his shoes D. what number shoes are his 26. This book will show you ________ can be used in other contexts.

A. how you have observed B. how what you have observed C. that you have observed

D. how that you have observed 27. Where do you think ________

A. has he gone

B. has he been

C. he's gone

D. was he

28. Do you know ________

A. how many populations there are in the world B. how much population there is in the world . how much population there is in the world C. how many the population of the world is D. what the population of the world is 29. Would you go and see ________ outside

A. what to take place B. what Tom has happened C. what is happening

D. what the matter had been 30. The subject of \

A. what

B. interesting

C. What is interesting D. I 31. ________ I think he is Charles.

A. Who do you think he is

B. Do you think who he is

C. Whom do you think he is D. Do you think who he is 42. Is this ________ we met each other two years ago

32. He didn't know which room ________.

A. they lived B. they lived in

C. did they live

live in

33. The little boy ate ________ his mother gave him.

A. that

B. which

C. whatever

matter what

34. The city is no longer ________.

A. what it is B. that it used to be

C. which it was

used to be

35. My parents used ________ they had to get a new car for me.

A. which B. that

C. what

36. ________ we go swimming every day ________ us a lot of good.

A. If…do

B. That…do

C. If…does

That…does

37. ________ was the idea _______ the wife thought of

A. What…that B. That…what

C. How…why

Why…how

38. _______ did he tell his wife ________ he wished to do

A. That…what B. What…that

C. Where…which

Which…where

39. One of the men held the view ________ the book said was right.

A. what that B. that what

C. that which

that

40. I have no idea ________ or not he has finished the work.

A. if

B. that

C. whether

41. —“Do you know ________”

—“His father is a doctor.” A. what is his father B. who is his father C. what his father is

D. who his father is D. did they

D.

no

D. what it

D. all what D.

D.

D.

D.

which

D. which

A. place

B. place in which

C. where

D.

place

which

43. It ________ Bob drives badly.

A. thinks that

B. is thought what

C. thought that

D.

is

thought that

44. We all know the truth ________ there are air, water and sunlight there are living things.

A. where

B. wherever

C. that

D.

that

wherever

45. They discussed ________ they could settle the problem without others' help.

A. if

B. that

C. what

D. whether

46. She asked ________.

A. what I was doing when she rang me up B. what was I doing when she rang me up

C. when she rang me up what I was doing D. when did she ring me up what I was doing

47. —May I borrow the ring

—You can take _______ you like. A. no matter what B. which C. whichever

D. that

48. He said that he was fond of ________.

A. what beautiful is B. what is beautiful C. beautiful is what

D. what it is beautiful 49. He insisted that he ________ in good health and _______ to work there.

A. was, be sent B. is, is sent C. be, was sent D. be, send 50. Do you know ________ he expects will give us a talk A. who B. whom C. that

D. whose 51. It's uncertain ________ the experiment is worth doing.

A. if

B. that

C. whether

D. how

52. They would have fixed the telephone yesterday _________ it was a holiday.

A. except B. except for

C. except that D. but for 53. ________ is to do good all one's life and never do anything bad.

A. Whichever is hard B. No matter what is hard C. What is hard

D. All what is hard 54. ________ the boy didn't take medicine made his mother angry.

A. That B. What

C. How

D. Which 55. As the day was fine, I made the suggestion ________ for a walk in the park.

A. we go

B. we will go

C. should we go

D. that we

go

56. ____ we can't get seems better than ____ we have.

A. What, what B. What, that

C. That, that

D.

That,

what

57. ____ you don't like him is none of my business.

A. What

B. Who

C. That

D. Whether

58. You can't imagine ____ when they received these nice Christmas presents.

A. how they were excited B. how excited they were C. how excited were they

D. they were how excited 59. ____ we'll go camping tomorrow depends on the weather.

A. If

B. Whether

C. That

D. Where 60. ________he really means is ________he disagrees with us.

A. What … that B. That … what

C. Why … that

D. If …

what

61. _________is going to do the job will be decided by the Party committee.

A. That B. Why C. How D. Who 62. _______ we'll finish translating the book depends on the time.

A. When B. Why C. What D. That 63. _______ the house will be built will be discussed at tomorrow's meeting. A. If

B. Where C. That D. What 64. _______ he won't go there is clear to all of us.

A. How

B. What

C. Why

D. This

65. _______ you come or not is up to you.

A. What B. If

C. Why

D. Whether 66. _______ makes mistakes must correct them.

A. Who

B. Anyone C. Whoever D. Anybody 67. _______ team will win the match is a matter of public concern.

A. Which

B. That

C. If

D. How

68.Three days later, word came ________our country had sent up another man-made

satellite.

A. which B. when C. that D. where 69.The problem is ________will go to the meeting. A. why B. when C. what

D. who 70.It looks _______ it were going to rain.

A. even if B. as if C. even though D. like 71.That is _______ he likes the place so much. A. that B. what C. why D. how 72.That is ______ Lu Xun once lived.

A. what B. where C. that D. why 73. We thought _______ strange that Tom did not come yesterday. A. that B. it

C. this D. what 74.The fact _______ she had not said anything surprised all of us.

A. which B. what C. that D. how 75.What I'm considering now _________ the money we need.

A. is

B. are

C. were

D. was

76.Can you tell me __________

A. who is that gentleman B. that gentleman is who C. who that gentleman is

D. whom is that gentleman 77. ________leaves the room last ought to turn off the lights.

A. Anyone

B. The person

C. Whoever

D. Who

78. It is well known _________ a person eats causes changes in the body.

A. that what, when, and how

B. that

C. what D. how 79. The energy is ________ makes the cells able to do their work.

A. that B. which C. what D. such 80. Jack was soon told ________ he did was not necessary.

A. why

B. that

C. how

D.

why

what

81. We should think carefully about ________ Mr. Needham said at the meeting.

A. that B. what C. which

D. X

82. Can you point out ________ two radios are the best

A. which

B. what

C. that

D. whether 83. You will easily know ________ video recorders (录相机) are the same.

A. what those B. that of those

C. that all of

D. which of

those

84. ________ you have seen things like these before doesn't matter.

A. If

B. Whether

C. What

D. When

85. I asked her in English ________ she was, and she told me ________ she was an

actress.

A. who…that B. who…X

C. what…X

D.

how…that

86. She took it for granted ________ I'd be back home an hour ago.

A. that

B. whether

C. if

D. when

87. We think it possible ________ the local government will be able to solve the

housing problem.

A. for

B. that

C. when

D. how

88. Now there is a danger ________ the ground may fall in (沉下) under the heavy

traffic.

A. whether B. if

C. X

D. that 89. At that time I had no idea ________ I could hand it to him without being seen.

A. if

B. how

C. which

D. that how

90. Last Sunday he promised ________ today, but he hasn't appeared yet.

A. that he would come B. that he will come C. he will come to see me

D. whether he would come

91. Last Sunday he made a promise ________ he was free he would take me to

Qingdao.

A. if

B. that

C. that if

D. whether

92. Do you have any idea ________

A. when Miss Smith will arrive B. when will Miss Smith arrive C. how will Miss Smith arrive

D. why hasn't Miss Smith arrived

93. I have almost forgotten ________.

A. how Mr. Taylor's like

B. what Mr. Taylor's face is like C. what Mr. Taylor's face is

D. which Mr. Taylor's face is like 94. The true value of life is not in ________, but ________.

A. how you get …that you give B. which you got what you give C. what you get …what you give

D. what do you get…what do you

give

95. Do you know ________

A. what is this used for B. what this is used for C. which this is used

D. that this is used for

96. ________ surprised me most was ________.

A. That…that she spoke Japanese so well B. What…how could she speak Japanese so well

C. What…that she spoke Japanese so well D. That…why she could speak Japanese so well 97. ________ is to dance.

A. That interests Mary really B. Which really interests Mary. C. What really interests Mary D. What really interest Mary 98. We were greatly amused by ________.

A. what you have told us B. which you had told us C. what you told us

D. that you told us

99. These computers are different from ________.

A. that we expected

B. what we expected D. what we expect

B. What …that you had expected D. What…what you had expected

C. which we have expected

100. ________ Tom liked to eat was different from ________.

A. That…that you had expected C. That…what you had expected 1-5.CDCDB 6-10.BABCD

11-15.ADCCA

21-25.BBDDA 26-30.BCDCC 31-35.ABCDC

41-45.CCDDD

46-50.ACBAA 51-55.CCCAD DABCD 66-70 CACDB

71-75 CBBCA

76-80 CCCCD 81-85 BADBC

86-90 ABDBA

CCCBD

16-20.DABCA36-40.DABBC

56-60.ACBBA 91-95 CABCB 61-65 96-100

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