2019年考研英语二考前模拟题

2019年考研英语二考前模拟题

Section Ⅰ Use of English

Directions:

Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark [A],[B], [C] or [D] on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)

Children need exercise. Parents often worry that 1 time for athletics or even for just playing on the Jungle Jim is going to take away from their kids’_2_achievement. But actually, the _3_ is true. There have been analyses of huge numbers of studies that all show that kids who are _4_are better in school, get better grades, and have higher _5_ scores than kids who lack of exercise. And that is probably because _6_ the lifespan, even into old age, there’s a strong correlation between a healthy heart and a healthy brain.

The brain is the most _7_ organ that your circulatory system has to_8_. It takes up a lot of the body’s oxygen and a lot of the body’s _9_. And unlike most of your _10_, your brain can’t live very long _11_that blood supply. You cut blood supply off for about five minutes and parts of the brain start dying. So blocked arteries and little clots that cut off blood flow to the brain in order people are a _12_source of cognitive difficulty and cognitive deterioration with age. And even in little kids, being physically fit clearly _13_ intellectual performance.

The other thing parents should be thinking about is that in childhood your kid needs about 90 minutes a day of active_14_, and parents should really_15_, I think, on making sure that that’s fun, first of all. You don’t want to _16_exercise as punishment. And you also, I think, want to have them doing something that could potentially continue into adulthood._17_much your kids like climbing trees, they’re not going to be doing that when they’re 40, not most of us anyway.

And _18_ you give them a sport or a taste for hiking or a taste for yoga, something that grownups do, you _19_ reduce the chance that they’re going to be one of the large numbers of people who are active children who grow into inactive adults. Usually that _20_ happens around the age of 13 or so.

1.A.wasting B.spending C.making D.killing 2.A.physical 3.A.story

B.academic C.social D.educational

D.opposite

B.worry C.expectation

4.A.fit B.good C.positive D.inactive 5.A.test B.sports C.isdom D.intelligence 6.A.for B.across C.before D.by 7.A.challenging B.necessary C.simple 8.A.constitute B.keep C.feed D.foster 9.A.nerve B.energy

C.food D.power

D.demanding

10.A.cells B.textures C.parts D.tissues 11.A.without

B including C.with D.except

12.A.splendid B.rich C.large D.significant 13.A.reduces 14.A.moving 15.A.depend 16.A.institute

B.intensifies C.enhances D.aggravates. B.moving aroundC.moving up D.moving on B.count C.base D.focus B.interpret C.prove D.describe

C.How D.However

17.A.Whenever B.So

18.A.meanwhile B.although C.if D.since 19.A.greatlyB.barely C.nearly D.hardly 20.A.improvement B.growth

C.transition D.transfer

Section II Reading Comprehension

Part A

Directions:

Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing [A],[B], [C] or [D]. Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET. (40 points)

Text 1

Should a leader strive to be loved or feared? This question,famously posed by Machiavelli, lies at the heart of Joseph Nye’s new book. Mr.Nye, a former dean of the Kennedy School of Govemment at Harvard and one-time chairman of America’s National Intelligence Council, is best known for promoting the idea of \based on persuasion and influence,as a counterpoint to \power\based on coercion and force.

Having analyzed the use of soft and hard power in politics and diplomacy in his previous books,Mr.Nye has now turned his attention to the relationship between power and leadership,in both the political and business spheres. Machiavelli,he notes,concluded that \the two to go together,it is much safer to be feared than loved.\preferable to soft power.But modem leadership theorists have come to the opposite conclusion.

The context of leadership is changing, the observe,and the historical emphasis on hard power is becoming outdated. In modem companies and democracies, power is increasingly diffused and traditional hierarchies are being undermined, making soft power ever more important.But that does not mean coercion should now take a back seat to persuasion. Mr.Nye argues. Instead,he advocates a synthesis of these two views.The conclusion of The Powers to Lead ,his survey of the theory of leadership, is that a combination of hard and soft power, which he calls ”smart power”, is the best approach.

The dominant theoretical model of leadership at the moment is, apparently, the “transformational leadership pattern”. Anone allergic to management term will already be running for the exit,but Mr Nye has performed a valuable service in

rounding up and summarizing the various academic studies and theories of leadcriship into a single, slim volume. He examines different approaches to leadership,the morality of leadership and how the wider context can determine the effcctiveness of a particular leader.There are plcnty of anccdotes and examples,both historical and contemporary,political and corporate.

Also, leadership is a slippery subject, and as he depicts various theories, even Mr.Nye never quite nails the jelly to the wall. He is at his most interesting when discussing the moral aspects of leadershipin particular,the question of whether it is sometimes necessary for good leaders to lie -and he provides a helpful 12-point summary of his conclusions.A recuming theme is that as circumstances change,different sorts of leadcrs are required;a leader who thrives in one environment may struggle in another,and vice versa.Ultimately that is just a fancy way of saying that leadcrship offers no casy answers.

21.From the first two paragraphs we may learn than Mr.Machiavelli’s idea of hard power is ______.

A.well accepted by Joseph Nye nowadays

C.based on sound theories leadership theorists

22.Which of the following makes soft power more important today according to Mr.Nye?

A.Coercion is widespread. C.Power is no longer concentrated. strengthened

23.In his book the Powers to lead,Mr.Nye has exmined all the following aspects of leadership EXCEPT_____.

A.authority B.context C.approaches D.morality 24.Mr.Nye’s book is particularly valuable in that it _____. A.makes little use of management terms concisely

B.summarizes various studies B.Morality is devalued. D.Traditional hierarchies are D.contrary to that of modem B.very

influential

till

C.serves as an exit for leadership researchers D.sets contemporary corporate leaders

a model for

25.According to the author,the most interesting part of Mr.Nye’s book lies in his _____.

A.view of changeable leadership C.summary of leadership history leadership

Text 2

According to a recent survey on money and relationships, 36 percent of people are keeping a bank account from their partner. While this financial unfaithfulness may appear as distrust in a relationship , in truth it may just be a form of financial protection.

With almost half of all marriages ending in divorce, men and women are realizing they need to be financially savvy, regardless of whether they are in a relationship.

The financial hardship on individuals after a divorce can be extremely difficult, even more so when children are involved. The lack of permanency in relationships, jobs and family life may be the cause of a growing trend to keep a secret bank account hidden from a partner; in other words, an ”escape fund”.

Margaret’s story is far from unique. She is a representative of a growing number of women in long-term relationships who are becoming protective of their own earnings.

Every month on pay day, she banks hundreds of dollars into a savings account she keeps from her husband. She has been doing this throughout their six-year marriage and has built a nest egg worth an incredible $100,000 on top of her pension.

Margaret says if her husband found out about her secret savings he’d hurt and would interpret this as a sign she wasn’t sure of the marriage.” He’d think it was my escape fun so that financially I could afford to get out of the relationship if it went wrong. I know you should approach marriage as being forever and I hope ours is, but

B.definition of good leadership D.discussion

of

moral

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