人教版新目标英语9年级总复习

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人教版新目标英语9年级unit1-3

Unit 1 How do you study for a test?

重点、难点、考点及疑点注释

1. by asking the teacher for help(P2)通过向老师寻求帮助

(1)“ask+sb+for+名词”意为“向某人请求??”;“向某人要求??”。 They asked me for help.他们向我求助。

We asked our PE teacher for a football.我们请求体育老师给我们一个足球。 (2)by作介词时,后接动词-ing形式,这是中考的重点,大家可不要忘记啊! ◎“通过??的方式”。

Mr Green makes a living by teaching.格林先生以教书为生。 ◎“经过(某人/某物)”。 He went by the supermarket on his way to school. 在去上学的路上,他经过那家超市。

◎“在??旁边,在??附近”。

Li Lei sits by my side in the classroom.在教室里,李雷坐在我的旁边。 ◎“在??之前,不迟于??”。 I can finish doing my homework by six o’clock. 我能在6点之前做完作业。 ◎表示交通方式,意为“乘??”。 I usually go to school by bike. 我通常骑自行车去上学。 特别提示

by作副词时,相当于near,意为“靠近”。

The thief stole the money when no one was by.当旁边无人的时候,小偷偷走了钱。 短语链语

◎by and by “不久”,“一会儿”。

It’s 12 o’clock now and we will go home by and by. 现在12点了,过一会儿我们就要回家了。 ◎by the way “顺便说一下”。

By the way, I forgot to tell you the news. 哦,对了,我忘记告诉你那个消息了。

2. He’s been learning English for six years and really loves it. (P4)他已经学了六年的英语,而且的确很喜欢它。

He’s是He has的缩写。这是一个现在完成进行时态的句子,由“助动词have/has+been+现在分词”构成,用来表示动作从过去某一时间开始,一直延续到现在,可能还要延续下去。请看:

Mr Green has been lying in bed for two weeks. 格林先生已经卧床两个星期了。 We have been teaching in this school for eight and a half years. 我们在这所学校教书已经8年半了。

3. She added that having conversations with friends was not helpful at all. (P4)她补充说,和朋友交谈一点帮助都没有。

(1)add的常见意思为“增加,添上,加上”。在本句中表示在说完上面的话语后又添加一些话语,是“又说,补充说”的意思。

It will add to your troubles. 这将会给你们增添麻烦的。

Mr Smith added that he would be back soon. 史密斯先生补充说他很快就会回来。 (2)at all与not, no, nothing, nobody, nowhere等表示否定意义的词连用,用来加强否定意义,表示“完全不,一点儿都不,丝毫不”的意思。

He doesn’t like swimming at all.他一点儿都不喜欢游泳。

There is nothing in the room at all.房间里面什么东西都没有。

◎not at all单独使用时,用来回答对方的感谢或道歉,相当于That’ s all right, You’re welcome等。但是,You’re welcome主要用于美国英语中,而英国人则多用Not at all。 —Thank you very much for your help.非常感谢你的帮助! —Not at all./That’ s all right./You’re welcome.别客气。

4. We get excited about something and then end up speaking in Chinese. (P4) 有些话题让我们兴奋不已 ,最后干脆说起汉语来。 (1)be/get excited about意思是“对??感到兴奋”,其中about后可接名词、代词或动词-ing形式。

She got excited about it as soon as she heard the good news. 她一听到那个好消息,就变得很兴奋。

Are you excited about going to Shanghai? 你对去上海感到兴奋吗? 类似短语

be/get worried about “对??感到担心”,be amazed at“对??感到惊讶”,be pleased with“对??感到满意”。 (2)excited表示某人对某物或某事“感到兴奋,激动”,主语常为人。 We were excited when we saw our team was winning. 看到自己的球队要赢了,我们都十分激动。 特别提示

exciting作“令人激动的”,“令人兴奋的”解时,常用来修饰物或事。

The football match we watched was very exciting. 我们观看的那场足球赛非常激动人心。

(3)end up意为“达到某状态或采取某行动,以??结束或告终”,后面接动词-ing形式。 He ended up running a firm. 他最终经营了一家公司。 类似短语

finish up“完成”, eat up“吃光”, burn up“烧光”。

5. Maybe you should join an English language club. (P5)也许你应该参加某个英语俱乐部。 (1)maybe和may be虽然写法相似,意思也相似,但是用法区别很大。maybe是副词,意为“也许,可能”,用作状语;may be意为“也许是,可能是”,may是情态动词,与be一起作谓语。

Maybe you put it there. 也许你把它放在那里了。

But I’m afraid I may be a little late. 但恐怕我可能是晚了一点。 (2)join意为“参加,加入”,主要指参加、加入某党派、团体,成为一员,后面也可跟us, them, the young people等表示一群人的词或词组;而 take part in也意为“参加,加入”,指参加群众性的活动、会议、考试、竞赛等。

My brother joined the League two years ago. 我的哥哥两年前就入团了。 We are getting ready to take part in the speech contest. 我们正准备参加这次演讲比赛。

6. First of all, it wasn’t easy for me to understand the teacher when she talked to the class. (P6)刚开始,当老师和全班学生说话的时候,她的话对我来说很难听懂。 (1)短语first of all意为“首先,第一”,在句中作状语,强调首要的事情是什么,不一定用于列举,常用于first of all..., then..., at last...,使说明的层次更清楚。 First of all, I must finish my work. 首先,我必须完成我的工作。 First of all, I want to say that thank you for coming. 首先,我想说的是感谢你们的到来。

7. To begin with, she spoke too quickly, and I couldn’t understand every word. (P6)刚开始,她讲得太快,我不能每个词都听懂。

本句中的to begin with意为“首先,第一点(理由)”。

We can’t go. To begin with, it’s too cold. Besides, we’ve no money. 我们不能去。首先是天气太冷了;再者,我们没有钱了。

◎begin with意为“以??开始”,其后接动词时应用动词-ing形式。 The book begins with a story. 这本书是以一个故事开头。

The party began with dancing. 晚会是以舞蹈开头的。

8. Later on, I realized that it doesn’t matter if you don’t understand every word. (P6)后来,我意识到即使不理解每个单词也没有关系。

later on是由later与on构成的固定词组,但在意思和用法上与later既有相同之处,也有区别的地方。

特别提示

later与later on的用法

◎later作副词用,意为“后来”,“以后”,往往以以前或现在的时间或事情为基准,因此,常用于一般过去时或一般将来时。

Later he learned how to repair television sets.后来他学会了修电视机。 The radio says the sun will come out later.广播说太阳过些时候就会出来。 ◎later常和一个表示时间的名词连用,构成“时间段+later”结构。 He came back a week later.一星期后他回来了。 魔力纠错

两天后我再来拜访。

误:I shall call again two days later. 正:I shall call again in two days. 魔力解析

“时间段+later”不可用于从现在算起的若干时间以后。说“从(现在起)??之后”,应该用“in+时间段”。 ◎later on作副词短语使用,也是“后来”,“以后”的意思,有时可与later互换。 That happened later on/later.后来那件事发生了。

◎later on只可单独使用,不能用于“时间段+later on”结构。 9. It helped a lot. (P6)它很有帮助。

在本句中a lot用作副词,表示“非常,相当”,等于very much。 Thanks a lot. = Thanks very much.多谢。

He is feeling a lot better today.他今天感觉好多了。

◎a lot还可作“经常,常常”解,相当于often。

They use the recorder a lot in English class.在英语课上,他们常用录音机。 ◎a lot of=lots of,修饰可数名词或不可数名词,意为“许多”,相当于many或much。

There is a lot of(=lots of) homework to do.有许多作业要做。 魔力纠错

她在穿上没有花很多钱。

误:She doesn’t spend a lot of money on dresses. 正:She doesn’t spend much money on dresses.

10. I think that doing lots of listening practice is one of the secrets of becoming a good language learner. (P6) 我认为做大量的听力练习是成为一个好的语言学习者的秘诀之一。

(1)该句是由that引导的宾语从句,当主句用一般现在时态时,从句可以用任意时态;当主句用过去时态时,从句则要用相应的过去时。

I hear that Mr Brown has been to Shanghai. 我听说布朗先生去过上海。 He said these answers were right. 他说这些答案是正确的。

(2)one of意为“(??中的)一个”,其后接名词的复数形式,如有形容词修饰名词时,形容词要用最高级。

Mr Wang is one of the most popular teachers in our school. 王老师是我们学校最受欢迎的老师之一。

11. How do we deal with our problems? (P8)我们怎样处理我们的问题?

本句中的deal with意为“处理,解决”,相当于do with,其主语通常是人或物。 I have many problems to deal with. 我有许多问题要解决。 ◎ deal with作“与??打交道”,“与??做买卖”解时,主语通常是人、公司、商店等。 My elder brother will deal with you later on. 我哥哥以后会来收拾你的。 特别提示

deal in有时也可以表示“与??做买卖”,但后面跟具体的商品。 This shop deals in computers. 这家商店做电脑买卖。

12. Most of us have probably been angry with our friends, parents or teachers. (P8)我们中的大部分人可能都生过我们的朋友、父母或老师的气。

本句中的be angry with意为“对某人生气”,后面常跟人作宾语;当表示生气的原因时,可以加上for doing sth。

He was angry with me for not having done anything. 我什么也没有做,他为此很生气。 特别提示

be angry at表示“因某事生气”,后面接表示言行的名词、代词或v-ing形式或从句作宾语。 He was rather angry at missing the bus.他因没有赶上公共汽车而相当生气。

He was angry at what I said. 他对我所说的感到生气。

13. Time goes by, and good friendships may be lost. (P8)时间流逝,良好的友谊可能也就随之逝去了。

(1)go by是不及物动词短语,意为“走过”,“(时间)消逝,流逝”。 Two weeks went by. 两周过去了。

(2)lost是lose的过去分词。lose意为“丢失,失去”时,语气较强,一般指失去不易找回。 The man lost a leg in the war. 那个人在战争中失去了一条腿。 知识拓展

miss意为“丢失,失去”时,指东西或人丢失了,但有找到的希望。 She missed her child in the street. 她在街上把孩子丢了。 ◎miss可以表示“想念”的意思,而lose则不能。

We shall all miss you when you are away. 你不在时我们都会想念你的。

特别提示

作定语或表语时,lose用过去分词形式,miss用现在分词形式。 Who has found my lost pen? 谁找到了我丢失的钢笔? They set out to look for the missing girl at once. 他们立即出发去寻找丢失的女孩。

Unit 2 I used to be afraid of the dark.

重点、难点、考点及疑点注释

1. Over here! Don’t you remember me? (P11)过来!你不记得我了吗? (1)over here相当于come over here,意为“过来”。

(2) remember的反义词是forget,两者用法相同,后面可跟名词,动名词或动词不定式。 ◎remember/forget doing sth表示“记得/忘记做过某事”,强调事情已经做了。 I remember posting your letter. 我记得替你寄过信了。

They forget locking the door. 他们忘记锁过门了。

◎remember/forget to do sth表示“记得/忘记去做某事”,强调事情还未做。 I remember to post your letter. 我记得替你寄信。 They forget to lock the door. 他们忘了锁门。

2. You’re Paula, aren’t you? (P11)你是波拉,对吗?

这是一个反意疑问句,表示说话人提出某种情况或看法,询问对方是否同意。 知识拓展

反意疑问句主要有以下几种类型:

(1)主句为肯定陈述句时,附加疑问句为:系动词/情态动词/助动词的否定(缩写)形式+主语。

The girl went to school late yesterday, didn’t she? 昨天那个女孩上学迟到了,是吗? (2)主句为否定陈述句(包括肯定形式中有never, seldom, hardly, few, little, nobody等否定意义的词)时,附加疑问句为:系动词/情态动词/助动词的肯定形式+主语。 You have never been to Beijing, have you? 你没有去过北京,是吗? (3)主句为祈使句时,附加疑问句为:will或shall+主语。 Open the window, will you? 打开窗户,好吗?

Let’s go to school, shall we? 我们上学去吧,好吗?

3. Wow! People sure change. (P11)哇!人确实是会变的。 句中的sure用作副词,意为“确实”,“无疑”。sure一词更常见于以下用法和句型: ◎表示“可以”,“当然”,“没问题”,常用来答应他人的请求,相当于 Yes./OK./Great./Certainly./Of course.

—Did you have a good trip?旅途愉快吗?

—Sure./Of course.当然。

—Would you like to go with us?愿意和我们一起去吗?

—Sure./Certainly.好啊。

◎be sure about/of意为“确信,对??有把握”,后接名词,代词或v-ing形式,表示对客观事物有肯定的认识和判断,主语必须是人。

I’m sure of passing the examination.我相信我会通过考试。 He lives in this building but I’m not sure about the room number.

他住在这栋楼里,但是房间号码我不太清楚。

◎be sure to意为“一定”,“肯定”,后接不定式,往往表示局外人的推测、评论,主语不一定是人。

It’s sure to rain tomorrow.明天一定会下雨。

She is sure to understand much more than before.她一定比以前懂得更多了。 试比较下面两句:

The old woman is sure to live to more than ninety. 这位老太太肯定可以活到九十多岁。

The old woman is sure of living to more than ninety. 这位老太太相信自己可以活到九十多岁。

◎be sure to 用于祈使句时,是“务必”,“切望”的意思。 Be sure to review the text after class.课后务必复习课文。

Be sure to come tomorrow,everyone.大家明天一定要来。 ◎be sure接that从句时,意为“认为??一定会”,主语必须是人,连词that可以省略。be sure后面还可以接由whether, where, when或who等引导的名词性从句,这时主句通常是否定形式。

I’m not sure whether I can come tomorrow.我明天是否能来还说不准。 I’m sure that I can run faster than you.我确信我比你跑得快。 4. I’m terrified of the dark. (P12) 我十分怕黑。

terrified为形容词,意为“受惊吓的,恐惧的”,表示“害怕??, 恐惧??”,固定用法be terrified of相当于be afraid of。

I’m terrified of being at home by myself. 我很害怕独自呆在家。 特别提示

terrified的动词形式为terrify,表示“使害怕”,“使恐惧”。 There are several persons terrifying the little boy. 有几个人正在恐吓那个小男孩。

5. I go to sleep with my bedroom light on. 我开着卧室的灯睡觉。

(1)with my bedroom light on为介词短语,在句中用作状语,表示伴随情况。 He walked out of the room with his coat on. 他穿着外套走出了房间。 知识拓展

“with+名词+介词短语”结构也可用作状语,表示伴随情况。

The teacher came in with a book under his arm. 老师腋下夹着一本书走进教室。

The poor woman walked through the street with a baby on her back. 那可怜的妇女背着一个婴儿,穿过了街道。

(2)on在此处是形容词,意为“开着的,接通的”,常见的结构有:be/turn on。 —Is the light on in the room? 屋里的灯开着吗? —No. It’s off. 不,关着呢。

Turn on the radio, please. I’ll listen to the weather report. 请打开收音机,我要听天气预报。

6. Before I started high school, I used to spend a lot of time playing games with my friends, but I just don’t have the time any more. (P14)在上高中之前,我常常花费大量时间和朋友们一起做游戏,但是如今我再也没有这样的时间了。

(1)high school相当于middle school,意为“中学”,常指高中。

(2)本句中的spend意为“花费”,常用来说明某人买某物花了多少钱或某人花了多少时间做某事,主语通常为人,常见的句子结构有两种: ◎sb spends some money/time on sth

She spends a lot of money on books. 她花很多钱买书。

◎sb spends some money/time in doing sth,其中介词in可以省略。

They spent two hours (in) looking for the cat. 他们花了两个小时找那只猫。 特别提示

take, pay与cost也可以表示“花费”:

◎take意为“花费”,常用形式主语it,真正的主语是动词不定式,常见的句子结构有: “It takes (took)+时间/金钱+动词不定式”(表示“做某事花费了多少时间/金钱”)和“It takes+sb+时间/金钱+动词不定式”(“做某事花费了某人多少时间/金钱”)。 It’ll take only ten minutes to walk to the supermarket. 只要十分钟,就可以走到那家超市。

It took Yang Liwei about 21 hours to circle the earth in his spaceship. 乘宇宙飞船环绕地球大约花费了杨利伟21个小时。

◎pay的基本意思是“支付”,主语是表示人的名词或代词,常与for连用。 How much did you pay for all these books? 这些书你是花多少钱买的? ◎cost也可作“花费”解,其主语是“物”或“事”,常用于sth costs (sb) some money结构。 The dictionary cost me 40 yuan. 这本字典花了我40元钱。 (3)not...any more意为“不再??”,相当于no more,一般用来表示动作或行为的不再发生或重复。

They don’t use animals to do farm work any more. 他们不再使用牲畜做农活了。

7. These days, I hardly ever have time for concerts. (P14) 现在,我根本没有时间去听音乐会。 (1)本句中的these days意为“现在,目前,如今”,相当于nowadays, at present。 We are not poor any longer these days. 如今我们不再贫穷了。

They still remember that old saying these days. 现在他们仍然记得那句古谚语。 (2)hardly用作副词,意为“几乎不”,相当于almost not,本身含有否定之意,修饰名词时,常和a或any连用。

I’m so tired that I can hardly walk any farther. 我太累了,简直不能再走下去了。 There was hardly a cloud in the sky. 天空几乎没有一丝云彩。 魔力纠错

他简直不知道说什么好,是吗?

误:He hardly knows what to say, doesn’t he? 正:He hardly knows what to say, does he? 魔力解析

hardly本身含有否定意义,构成反意疑问句时,后半部分要用肯定形式。类似的词有few, little, never, none, nobody, nothing等。

特别提示

hardly不是hard的副词形式,两者是完全不相关的两个词。 8. Now, I don’t mind them. (P14)现在我不介意它们了。 动词mind的基本含义是“介意,反对”,后面接名词或动名词。 He doesn’t mind closing the window. 他不介意关掉窗户。

知识拓展

Would you mind doing...?句型常用来向别人提出请求,对方如果表示介意,就说“Yes”;如果表示不介意、不反对,应说“No, not at all./No, of course not.”。 — Would you mind telling me how to remember English words? 你介意告诉我如何记英语单词吗? —No, not at all. 不,不介意。 特别提示

mind还可用作名词,表示“思想,主意”。

What do you make up your mind to be when you grow up? 你长大以后立志要做什么? 短语链语

never mind不要紧,不介意;keep in mind记住;make up one’s mind下决心,下决定;set up one’s mind to do sth立志做某事; change one’s mind改变主意。 9. It seems that Yu Mei has changed a lot. (P15)俞梅似乎变化很大。 动词seem是“看起来像”,“似乎”的意思,其常用的句型有: ◎It seems+that 从句

It seems that he would never be able to work out the question. 看来他好像永远无法解决那个问题。 ◎seem+形容词

Your father seems quite happy. 你的父亲看起来很高兴。 ◎seem+动词不定式

Li Fang seems to know everything.李芳好像什么都知道。 特别提示

“It seems+that 从句”通常可以转化成“名词/代词+seems+动词不定式短语”这一简单句型,如果动词不定式短语是“to be+形容词”,to be可以被省略。 It seems that his temperature is all right.

=His temperature seems (to be) all right. 他的体温似乎很正常。

It seems that she doesn’t get on well with her classmates.

=She doesn’t seem to get on well with her classmates. 她似乎与同学们相处的不好。 短语链语

seem like...意为“似乎,好像”。

It seems like years since we last met. 我们似乎好多年不见了。

10. However, after his father’s death a few years ago, Martin’s life became much more difficult. (P16)然而,几年以前,在他父亲死后,马丁的生活变得更困难了。

本句中的dead意为“死的”,是形容词,表示“死的,无生命的”,常与be动词连用,指死的状态。

He is dead, but his name will live in our hearts forever. 他虽然死了,但他的名字将永远留在我们心中。

Her grandfather has been dead for more than two years. 她的爷爷去世两年多了。 特别提示

die, dying, death也可以表示“死”。

◎die意为“死亡,断气”,是终止性动词,指生命的结束,强调动作。 His mother died two years ago. 他的母亲两年前去世了。

◎dying是die的现在分词,通常作形容词使用,是“要死的”,“垂危的”,“濒临死亡的”

的意思。

This dog is dying. 这条狗快要死了。 ◎death是die的名词,意为“死亡”。

It makes me very sad when I think of my little dog’s death. 当我想起我小狗的死亡时,我很难过。

11. ...but to his surprise, this phone call changed his life. (P16)??但是,令他惊奇的是,这次通话改变了他的人生。

本句中的to one’s surprise意为“令某人惊奇的是”,常常置于句首。其中to是“致使”的意思,后面接表示情感的名词,指一个事件使某人心中产生了某种情感。 To my surprise, he failed in the examination. 使我奇怪的是,他考试不及格。 To everyone’s surprise, Mr King refused. 使每个人感到惊奇的是,金先生拒绝了。 类似短语

to one’s joy/horror/satisfaction“使人高兴/惊恐/满意的是”。 特别提示

in surprise意为“惊奇地”。

The two men looked at each other in surprise. 那两个人惊奇地互相看着。

“How did you come to know it?” I asked in surprise. “你是怎么知道这件事的?”我吃惊地问。

12. She also told me that even though my father was no longer with us, he was watching me, and would always take pride in everything good I do. (P16)她也告诉我,尽管我父亲不再和我们在一起了,他还是在观注着我们,并对我所做的一切好的事情感到骄傲。 (1)even though意为“即使,纵然,尽管”,用来引导让步状语从句,可以与even if替换。 He won’t tell me about it even though (even if) he knows the news. 即使他知道这个消息,他也不会告诉我。

Even though (Even if) you aren’t lifting anything, your muscle gets tired. 即使没有举着什么东西,你的肌肉也会感到疲劳。

(2)本句中的no longer可以与not...any longer替换,主要用来表示时间或距离的“不再”,意在对现在的情况和过去的情况加以比较,故多用于现在时。 You are no longer a child. (=You aren’t a child any longer.) 你已不再是个孩子了。 特别提示

◎no longer一般修饰延续性动词,表示某个动作或状态不再延续下去。 He no longer lives here. (=He doesn’t live here any longer.) 他不再住在这里了。

◎no more相当于not...any more,主要用来表示数量和程度,常常修饰短暂性动词,表示某动作不再重复发生。

The baby no more cried. (=The baby didn’t cry any more.) 这个小孩不再哭了。

He is no more a student. (=He isn’t a student any more.) 他不再是个学生了。

(3)take pride in意为“对??感到自豪”,往往强调一时的行为,动作性较强。其中in是介词,后面接名词、代词或动词的-ing形式作宾语。

The young man took pride in his work. 这年轻人以他的工作而自豪。

特别提示

该短语中的pride是抽象名词,意为“骄傲,自豪”。

13. and didn’t give up trying to help him (P17)没有放弃努力帮他 本句中的give up意为“放弃,停止”,相当于stop doing sth,其后可接名词或动词的-ing形式。 Don’t give up halfway. 不要半途而废。

You mustn’t give up studying foreign languages for even a day. 你一定不能放弃学习外语,哪怕是一天也不行。 ◎give up还可以表示“认输,投降”。

I give up. Tell me the answer. 我认输了。告诉我答案吧。 魔力纠错

吸烟对你的健康有害,所以你必须戒烟。

误:Smoking is bad for your health, so you must give up it. 正:Smoking is bad for your health, so you must give it up.

Unit 3 Teenagers should be allowed to choose their own clothes.

重点、难点、考点及疑点注释

1. I don’t think twelve-year-olds should be allowed to get their ears pierced. (P18)我认为不应该允许12岁的孩子穿耳孔。

(1)当主句的主语是第一人称I或we,谓语动词是think, believe, suppose, guess等词时,其后的从句不能是含有not的否定句;若要否定,须将not提到主句。在翻译时,按汉语习惯译作否定从句。例如:“我想他不会给你打电话的”应译为I don’t think he will give you a call而不是I think he won’t give you a call。 特别提示

若把此类句式变成反意疑问句,其助动词及主语要根据从句确定,而肯定/否定则要根据主句来确定。

We think you can help him, can’t you? 我们认为你能帮助他,不是吗?

I don’t think he is a good student, is he? 我认为他不是个好学生,对吗?

(2)本句中的twelve-year-olds相当于twelve-year-old teenagers,意为“12岁的孩子/年轻人”。 知识拓展

数词和一个相应的名词单数用“-”连接起来,可以构成一个合成形容词。常见的还有: two-month holiday 两个月的假期

a sixty-pound stone 一块60磅的石头

(3)get their ears pierced属于“get+名词/代词+动词的过去分词”结构,表示“使??被做”,“请人做??”。

Go and get your hair cut! 你去理理发吧。

Why haven’t you got the work done yet? 你为什么还不叫人把活干了呢? 2. I disagree. (P19)我不同意。 I agree. (P19)我同意。

(1)agree意为“赞成,同意”,用来表示同意某人的意见、观点等;可以单独使用,也可以接由with, to, on等引导的介词短语或接从句。

—Shall we go to the zoo tomorrow? 我们明天去动物园,好吗? —I agree. 我同意。

I quite agree with you. 我完全赞成你的意见。

Do you agree on this plan? 你同意这个计划吗?

知识拓展

agree with, agree to和agree on都表示“同意”,但用法不同。 ◎agree with表示“同意”,后面接表示人的名词或代词,也可以接表示“意见,看法”的名词。

We all agree with him. 我们都同意他的意见。 Do you agree with my ideas? 你同意我的观点吗?

◎agree to表示“同意”,后面接表示“计划,建议,安排”等的名词,接动词原形时构成动词不定式结构。

He agreed to our plan at last. 最后他同意了我们的计划。 They agreed to come on Monday. 他们同意星期一来。

◎agree on表示“(两人以上)就??取得一致意见,在??方面意见一致”,其主语多为复数形式,宾语是表示事、计划等的名词,而不是表示人的名词或代词,它可以与agree in doing sth替换。

They agreed on the plan.

=They agreed in doing the plan. 他们对这个计划意见一致。 特别提示

agree with也可以表示“某人适应(食物、气候等)”。 The weather doesn’t agree with me. 我不适应这种天气。

(2)disagree是agree的反义词,相当于not agree。

3. They talk instead of doing homework. (P19)他们会说话而不做作业。

本句中的instead of是复合介词,意思是“代替”,后面往往接名词、代词、动名词或介词短语, of后面的内容是被否定的。

I want that book instead of this one. 我要那本书而不是这本。 We went to swim instead of playing basketball. 我们没有去打篮球,而是去游泳了。 特别提示

副词instead和instead of意思相同,但用法却不同。instead意为“代替,顶替”,常位于句首或句末,可不译。

I didn’t go to cinema. Instead, I went to go shopping. 我没有去看电影,我去购物了。

The water here is not good, so I drink coffee instead. 这里的水不好,所以我改喝咖啡。

4. Find someone who is allowed to stay up until 11∶00 pm. (P20) 找出被允许熬夜到11点的人。

(1)who is allowed to stay up until 11∶00 pm是一个定语从句,用来修饰前面的someone。 The man who is smoking is my father. 正在抽烟的那个人是我的父亲。 The foreigner who visited our class is from Canada. 访问我们班的那个外国人来自加拿大。

(2)stay up在这里是“熬夜”,“不睡觉”的意思,相当于not go to bed。 He stayed up too late last night. 他昨天晚上熬夜到很晚。

She promised the children they could stay up for homework. 她承诺孩子们可以熬夜做作业。

5. Do you ever worry that you’ll fail a test? (P21)你曾经担心过考试不及格吗?

fail表示考试“不及格”或“不通过”,相当于not pass。

I think I may fail in the English exam this time.我想这次英语考试我可能不及格。

6. Parents should not be too strict with teenagers. (P21)父母对青少年不应该要求太严格。 形容词strict是“严格的”,“严厉的”的意思,对人严格时用介词with,对工作等严格时用介词in。

The teacher was very strict with his students. 这位老师对学生非常严厉。 He is always strict in his work. 他总是对工作要求很严格。

7. The other day, my friends and I talked about the rules that we have in school. (P22)那天,我和我的朋友们谈论我们学校的各种规章制度。 (1)the other day表示“几天以前,不久前的一天”。

I saw him in the street the other day. 不久前的一天,我在街上看到了他。 Li Ming and I went shopping the other day. 几天以前我和李明去购物了。

(3)本句中的get to意为“开始,着手”,后面接动词的-ing形式,表示“着手或开始做某事”。 We get to working after a short rest. 我们歇息了一会儿后就开始干起活来。 He got to wondering why he was in the job. 他对自己为什么会从事这份工作感到诧异。

8. We think young people should look smart and so we would like to wear our own clothes. (P22)我们想年轻人应该看起来漂亮潇洒,因此我们想穿自己的衣服。 (1)形容词smart意为“聪明的,机敏的,精明的”,相当于clever。 The dolphin is a smart animal. 海豚是聪明的动物。

He looks very smart in his suit. 他穿上他的西装看起来很帅气。 (2)would like意为“想要”,相当于want,后面接名词或动词不定式。 I would like a cup of coffee. 我想要杯咖啡。

I didn’t want to go to the cinema. I would like to stay at home. 我不想去看电影,我想呆在家里。

◎ would like sb to do sth表示“想要某人做某事”。

I’d like you to help me with my homework. 我想要你帮助我做家庭作业。

特别提示

feel like也可以译为“想要”,有时可以与would like替换;其后接名词或动词的-ing形式。 She feels like a good meal. 她想美美地吃一顿。 I feel like seeing a film tonight. 我今晚想去看电影。

9. Our teachers believe that if we did that, we would concentrate more on our clothes than our studies. (P22)我们老师相信,如果我们那样做了,我们就会将注意力更多地集中在服装上,而不是学习上。

(1)believe是及物动词,意为“相信”,其后可跟名词或从句。 I don’t believe his story. 我不相信他的故事。

I believe he told us the truth. 我认为他告诉我们的是真的。 ◎believe in表示“信任”(即trust)。

She doesn’t believe in God. 她不信奉上帝。

(2)在that if...的句中,that放在believe后面用来引导一个宾语从句,而if则在宾语从句中引导一个条件状语从句,we would...则是宾语从句中的主句。

We are sure that if they come on time, they won’t be in the rain. 我们都确信,如果他们准时到的话,就不会被雨淋了。

(3)动词concentrate常常构成concentrate(...)on sth,表示“专心致志(于某件事),精神集中,

全神贯注(做某事)”。

I can’t concentrate on my work when I’m hungry. 我饿了就无法集中精力工作。 We must concentrate our attention on efficiency. 我们必须把注意力集中在效率上。

10. I know we get noisy sometimes, but we learn a lot from each other. (P22)我知道我们有时很吵,但是我们相互之间可以学到很多东西。

(1)本句中的learn...from意为“向??学习”。

We used to learn English from Da Shan. 我们以前常常跟大山学英语。 He never learns from his mistakes. 他从来不从错误中吸取教训。 ◎learn to do sth“学习,学会做某事”。 I’m learning to keep rabbits. 我正学着养兔子。

How did Bill Gates learn to work out a software programme? 比尔·盖茨是怎样学会设计软件程序的? 短语链语

learn of“听到”,“获悉”。

He learned of the accident just now. 他刚才听到事故的消息。 (2)each other意为“互相”,通常指两者之间,在句中用作宾语、定语等;而one another意为“互相”,用来指两个以上的人或事物的相互关系。 You and I understand each other perfectly. 你我彼此很了解。 The two girls often help each other in their lessons. 这两个女孩经常在功课上互相帮助。 特别提示

在现代英语中,each other和one another在用法上没有什么区别,一般认为each other多用于非正式文体;而one another多用于较正式文体。

11. Last summer I had an opportunity to volunteer at the local hospital. (P22)去年夏天,我有机会在一家当地医院做志愿者。

(1)本句中的volunteer是动词,表示“自愿做某事,当志愿者”等意思。 Thousands of men volunteered when the war broke out. 战争爆发时,成千上万的人当了志愿兵。

We volunteered to raise the money. 我们志愿募捐。 特别提示

volunteer作名词时表示“自愿做工或无偿做工的人,志愿者”。

This work costs us nothing. It’s all done by volunteers. 这项工作我们没有花一点钱,全是由志愿人员完成的。

(2)local是形容词,意为“本地的,地方的”,在句中用作定语。 Following the national news we have the local news and weather. 国内新闻之后是本地新闻和天气预报。 She’s a local girl. 她是本地姑娘。

特别提示

local用作名词时,通常用复数形式,意思是“本地人,当地人”。

The locals like to visit friends on weekends. 当地人喜欢周末访友。

12. I would like to reply to the article “Helping and Learning” in your last newsletter. (P23)我想回答你们上期简讯上“帮与学”这篇文章中的问题。 (1)本句中的reply意为“回答,应答”,一般只用作不及物动词,后面与to连用,表示“回答别人的问题、话语、信件等”。

He didn’t reply to my letter. 他没有给我回信。

How can you reply to my questions? 你如何回答我的问题呢? 特别提示

reply严格地说是经过深思熟虑后,一一答复对方的问题或观点,故当以answer表示像answer the telephone这样一般性的应答时,不能用reply代替。

(2)in your last newsletter是介词短语,在句中用作定语,修饰article。

13. “I know my parents care about me,” he says. (P24)“我知道父母关心我,”他说。 本句中的care about为及物动词短语,意为“关心,在乎,介意”,其后接名词或代词,一般用于肯定句或疑问句。

The girl never cares about others. 那个女孩从不关心别人。

She didn’t care about anything people might say. 人们说什么她都不在乎。

人教版新目标英语9年级unit4-6

Unit 4 What would you do? 重点、难点、考点及疑点注释

1. What would you do if you won a million dollars? (P26)假如你赢了一百万美元,你将用它做什么?

动词win和beat 都可以表示“赢,胜”,其区别是:前者后接比赛、奖品、名声、胜利、游戏、战役等;后者接人、队。

I was very glad when the boys won the relay race. 男同学们赢得了接力赛跑,我非常高兴。 You beat me in the race, but I’ll beat you at tennis. 赛跑你胜了我,但网球我要赢你。 短语链语

win a battle打胜仗;win the war赢得战争;win a bet赌赢;win a match比赛获胜;win an election选举获胜。

2. If I were you, I’d wear a shirt and tie. (P27) 如果我是你,我就穿衬衫戴领带。 tie在这里是名词,意为“领带,带子”等。 He wore a blue tie.他打着蓝色的领带。

知识拓展

tie也可用作动词,表示“系”,“捆绑”,常与介词to连用,表示“把??系在??上”。特别注意tie的现在分词为tying。

He tied his dog to the fence. 他把狗拴在了栅栏上。

3. If I were you, I’d be a little late. (P27) 如果我是你,我就晚点到。

a little可以作状语修饰动词、形容词、副词以及形容词和副词的比较级等,相当于a bit。 Try to help your mother a little. 设法帮你妈妈一点忙。 I feel a little better. 我感觉好一点了。 特别提示

a little意为“一点,稍微”,既可作形容词,又可作名词。用作形容词时,表达肯定含义,后面接不可数名词。

Please give me a little water.请给我一点水。(形容词) I know a little about that man.那个人的情况我知道一点。(名词) 魔力解析

not a little和not a bit两者意义不同,前者意为“很多”,“不少”(=much),后者意为“一点也不”,“一点也没有”(=not at all)。

4. What if everyone else brings a present? (P27)要是其他人都带了礼物该怎么办呢? (1)everyone else中的else用来修饰everyone,表示“其他的,别的”,它常放在疑问词或不定代词的后面。

Is there anything else? 有别的东西吗?

What else can you see? 你能看见别的什么东西吗? 知识拓展

else还常与or连用,意思是“否则,要不然”。

You must pay $100 or else go to prison. 你必须付一百美元,否则就得去坐牢。

(2)what if 表示“要是??又怎么样?”的意思,其结构相当于what would happen if...。 What if it rains when we can’t get under shelter? 假若下起雨来,我们又没处避雨可怎么办?

5. Well, dogs can be a lot of trouble. (P28)噢,狗可能带来许多麻烦。 名词trouble在这里意为“麻烦,烦恼,困难”。

I have some trouble in reading his handwriting. 我认他的笔迹有点难。 I am sorry to put you to so much trouble. 很抱歉这样麻烦你。 短语链语

be in trouble “处于困境中”。

He is in trouble. Let’s help him. 他现在处于困境中,我们帮帮他吧。 6. I’d introduce myself. (P29)我会作自我介绍。

这里的introduce是动词,意为“介绍”,常用于introduce sb to sb句型中,表示“把某人介绍给某人”。

He introduced his father to the teacher. 他把他父亲介绍给老师。 I introduced myself to the class. 我向班上同学作了自我介绍。

7. I’d invite him/her to have dinner at my house. (P29)我会邀请他/她到我家吃晚饭。 动词invite在这里意为“邀请”,常用于invite sb to do sth句型,用来表示“邀请某人做某事”。 They invited us to go to Beijing. 他们邀请我们去北京。

They invited us to stay for the weekend. 他们邀请我们在他们家度周末。 8. If you answered c for most questions, then you are probably pretty

confident. (P30)如果你大部分问题的答案都是c, 那么你可能相当自信。 (1)answer ...for questions意为“把问题回答成??”。

(2)probably 表示“很可能,或许”,语气较强,是有几分根据的推测或判断,含有可能性较大的意味,常位于行为动词前,情态动词、助动词或be动词后,有时也位于句首。 He can probably tell us the truth. 他很可能会告诉我们实情。

(3)confident是形容词,其名词为confidence,常用句型:have confidence in sb表示“信任/信赖某人”。

I have complete confidence in him. 我完全信任他。

(4)pretty在这里作副词用,相当于very,可用来修饰形容词或副词,意为“相当地”,表示程度。如:pretty beautiful很美;pretty well相当好。

I’m pretty sure he will come on time. 我很确信他会准时来。

The homework you did yesterday is pretty poor, you’d better do it once more.你昨天的作业做得相当糟,你最好重做。

9. Social situations don’t bother you in the slightest. (P30)社会环境一点儿也不会影响你。

本句中的bother是“打扰,扰乱”的意思,相当于disturb。

He’s busy. Don’t bother him. 他很忙,别打扰他。

I’m sorry to bother you, but can you tell me the time? 很抱歉打扰了,你能告诉我几点了吗? 10. Sometimes you might annoy people because you’re so confident. (P30)有时候因为你太自信可能惹恼其他人。

动词annoy是“使烦恼,使生气,打搅”的意思。

He annoyed to learn that he would not be able to catch the train. 听说赶不上火车,他心里感到烦恼。

11. You have plenty of friends and you enjoy the company of other people. (P30)你有很多朋友,而且还喜欢同他人在一起。

本句中的plenty通常用作名词,意为“充足”,“大量”。 —Have you enough money for the ticket? 你买票的钱够吗?

—Yes, I have plenty.够,我的钱足够了。

◎plenty与of构成固定词组,意为“很多的”,“大量的”,既可以修饰可数名词的复数形式,也可以修饰不可数名词。“plenty of+名词”在句中作主语时,谓语动词的数由plenty of后面的名词的数决定。

There are plenty of books on the desk.桌上有许多书。

Don’t worry. There is plenty of time.别着急,时间很充裕。

12. Your friends would probably say that you are easy to get along with. (P30)你的朋友或许说你很容易相处。

get on/along with sb都可表示“与某人相处”,在with前可以加副词,表示“相处得如何”。如:当表示“和某人相处融洽”时可用get on/along well with sb。 特别提示

get on/along with sth后面接事或物时,表示“(某事)进展,进行”之意。 —How are you getting on with your studies? 你的功课学得怎样?

—I’m getting along very well with my studies. 我功课学得很好。

13. You like talking to one or two people rather than to a group. (P30)你喜欢跟一两个人说话,而不喜欢跟一群人说话。

本句中的rather than相当于instead of,表示“不愿,不要,不是”之意,常用来连接两个并列的句子成分。

I think I’ll have a cold drink rather than coffee. 我想要一杯冷饮料而不是咖啡。

He ran rather than walked to school. 他跑步去上学而不是步行。 特别提示

rather than还可以用在“prefer+动词不定式”的后面,后接另一动词不定式(to要省略)。 I prefer to read rather than do nothing. 我宁愿看书也不愿无所事事。 魔力纠错

我喜欢苹果,而不喜欢梨。

误:I prefer apples to rather than pears. 正:I prefer apples to pears.

魔力解析

“prefer+名词/动名词+to+名词/动名词”结构本身就含有比较之意,所以不能使用rather than短语。

知识拓展

would/had rather...than...常用来表示主观上的的抉择。

I would/had rather join you in research work than go on holiday to the seaside.我宁愿和你们一起参加科研工作,也不愿到海边度假。

The shy girl would/had rather work at home than go to a party. 这个腼腆的女孩宁愿在家干活,也不愿去参加晚会。

14. ...but you always come up with good solutions to people’s problems.(P31)??但是你总能想出好方法来解决人们的问题。

come up with在本句中是“提出,想出”的意思,相当于find or produce (an answer)。 The teacher asked a difficult question, but finally Jim came up with a good answer.老师提问了一个难题,但是最后吉姆想出了一个好方法。

He couldn’t come up with an answer when I asked him why he was late. 当我问他为什么迟到的时候,他想不出一个理由来。 特别提示

come up with也可意为“赶上,追上”,与catch up with同义。

We shall have to work hard to come up with them. 我们要努力工作,赶上他们。

15. His new book What Would You Do If...? came out last month. (P32) 他的新书《如果??你该怎么办?》上个月出版了。

本句中的come out意为“出版,发表”,其中out是副词。

When will Shui Mu Nian Hua’s new recording come out? 水木年华的新唱片什么时候发行?

The new textbooks will come out at the end of this month. We need to wait. 新课本这个月底就要出版了。我们需要等一等。

◎come out还可以表示“出来”;“(花)开放”之意。 The sun is coming out. 太阳就要出来了。

The flowers begin to come out in spring. 春天花儿开始开放。

16. And if it hurt for more than a few days, I’d see a doctor.(P32)但是如果它疼了好几天,我就会去看医生。

这里的over和more than都是“多于??,超过??”的意思,两者常可替换。 There were over/more than 100 people at the party. 有一百多人参加了晚会。

Unit 5 It must belong to Carla

重点、难点、考点及疑点注释

1. It must belong to Carla.(P34)它肯定是卡拉的。

belong to是“属于”的意思,后面常接人,这时句子的主语习惯是用物件名词或代词来充当。 This cell phone belongs to me. 这个手机是我的。

◎belong to常与物主代词进行句型替换。

These books belong to me.=These books are mine.这些书属于我的。

2. He was the only little kid at the picnic. (P34)他是野餐中惟一的小孩。

副词only一般放在它所修饰的词之前。它在句中的位置不同,句意也不同,大家千万要留意啊!

Only Tom drives the new car on Sunday. 只有汤姆在星期日开新车。(强调“只有汤姆而没有其他人”。) Tom only drives the new car on Sunday.

汤姆在星期日只是开新车。(强调“只是开车而不干其他事”。) Tom drives only the new car on Sunday. 汤姆在星期日只开新车。(强调“只开新车而不开旧车”。) Tom drives the new car only on Sunday. 汤姆仅在星期日开新车。(强调“只在星期日而不在其他日子”。)

3. I dropped it during the concert so it might still be in the symphony hall. (P36)音乐会期间我把它弄丢了,因此,它可能还在交响乐大厅里。

drop在此处用作及物动词,是“使落下”的意思,表示无意或故意掉下某一物体。 The Class Two runner dropped his stick on the ground. 二班的运动员把接力棒掉在了地上。

He dropped the letter into the mailbox. 他把信投入信箱。

◎drop还可用作不及物动词,后面不接宾语,表示“掉下,落下”之意。 The apple dropped from the tree to the ground. 苹果从树上掉到地上。 The kite dropped into a very tall tree. 风筝落在了一棵大树上。

◎drop作动词时,还有“放弃,不再干”的意思,与give up同义。 Don’t drop English. It’s very useful. 不要放弃英语,它非常有用。 Let’s drop that subject and discuss something else. 让我们放弃这个题目,谈点别的吧。 特别提示

drop作名词时,是“滴,少量”;“下降,下落”的意思。 —Would you like some more tea? 想再喝点茶吗?

—Just a drop, please. 请给一点。

There was a sudden drop in the temperature. 气温突然下降。

4. I tried to call you but your mom said you were still at your optometrist appointment. (P36)我设法给你打电话,可你的妈妈说你还在如约验光配眼镜呢。

(1)appointment是“约会;指定”的意思,其中-ment是名词后缀。

move移动—movement移动 agree同意—agreement同意

achieve完成—achievement成绩,成就 improve改善—improvement改进 (2)try to do sth 表示“设法/努力/企图做某事”。 I tried to get there at seven, but I was late. 我设法7点到达那里,但还是迟到了。

People are trying to solve the problem of water shortage. 人们正设法解决缺水的问题。

◎try doing sth表示“试着做某事”。

Try knocking at the back door if nobody hears you at the front door. 如果前门没有人听到,你就试试敲后门。

Why not try doing the maths problem in other ways? 为什么不试试用别的办法做这道数学题呢?

5. I really need it because I have a math test on algebra tomorrow. (P36)我真的需要它,因为明天我有一场代数考试。

on 在此处是“关于”的意思,此外about也有“关于,有关”的意思,一般可通用,但on更正式。有关学术性的,可供研究的文章、演讲、专著等常用on,一般不用about。比较下列句子:

He is reading a book about stars. 他正在读一本关于星辰的书。(也许是一本关于星辰的故事书) Mr Li wanted to borrow a book on stars. 李先生想借一本关于恒星的书。(也许是有关恒星的学术性专著)

6. It’s crucial that I study for it because it counts 30% to the final exam. (P36)我复习应对的这次考试很重要,因为它占期末考试的30%。

(1)It’s crucial that I study for it...是一个由that引导的主语从句。主语从句可以直接放在句首,也可以用it作形式主语,而将从句放在句末。

That light travels in straight lines is known to all.

=It’s known to all that light travels in straight lines.众所周知,光沿直线传播。 魔力纠错

他要的东西是一本书。

误:It is a book what he wants.

正:What he wants is a book. 魔力解析

what引导的主语从句一般不用it作形式主语的结构。

(2) count 表示“算入,计算在内”,习惯上按顺序计数,相加得出结果,也可指“算入”,或“包含在内”的意思,后面可以接宾语。

Don’t forget to count your change. 别忘了数一数你的零钱。 特别提示

连词because意为“因为”时,常用来引导原因状语从句;后面不能加名词或代词。 Because it was too hot, we could not drink the milk. 牛奶太烫,我们喝不下去。 He isn’t coming because he is very busy. 他不来了,因为他很忙。

7. The earrings might be a present for his mother. (P36)耳环可能是他给他妈妈的礼物。 介词for在这里表示“为”,“给”。

Can I do something for you? 我能为你做些什么吗? 知识拓展

下面我们再看看for的其他用法: ◎表示“当作”,“作为”。

I’d like some bread and milk for breakfast. 早饭我想要些面包、牛奶。 ◎表示动作的对象或接受者,意为“就??而言”,“对??来说”。 It’s important for us to learn English well. 学好英语对我们来说很重要。 ◎表示理由或原因,意为“因为”,“由于”。 Thank you for teaching us so well. 谢谢你把我们教得这么好。 ◎表示去向、目标,意为“向,往;取;买”等。 I came here for my schoolbag. 我来这儿取我的书包。

◎表示时间、距离,意为“计,达”。

She has been an English teacher for seven years.她当一名英文老师有七年了。 ◎表示与具体条件作比较,意为“比起来”,“就??来看”。 It’s rather hot for May. 对于五月来说,这已相当热了。 8. The UFO is landing. (P37)那个不明飞行物正在着陆。

(1)UFO是Unidentified Flying Object的首字母缩写形式,意为“不明飞行物”。

(2)此句中的land是不及物动词,主要指“(从空中)降落,落下”,也可指从船上“登陆;卸下”。

The plane landed safely. 飞机安全着陆了。

The ship landed the goods at Bombay. 那船在孟买卸了货。

9. He might be running to catch a bus. (P37)他可能正跑着去赶公共汽车呢。 (1)might be running属于“情态动词+行为动词的进行式(即情态动词+be+v-ing形式)”结构,表示推测某动作现在是否正在进行。

He might be sleeping at home now. 他现在可能在家里睡觉呢。

(2)catch a bus“赶班车”,其中的catch含有“匆忙”的意思,可以用take替换。 Please hurry up, or we can’t catch the first bus. 请快点,否则赶不上早班车了。

10. However, these days, strange things are happening in our neighborhood and everyone is unhappy. (P38)但是这些天,我们街坊发生了一些奇怪的事情,这使得每个人都不开心。 happen是不及物动词,意为“发生”,其主语一般为事,而不能是人,且不能用于被动语态。 This accident happened at the corner. 事故发生在拐角处。

◎表示“??发生了什么事”应用sth happens/happened to+名词/代词。 Something has happened to the train. 火车出事故了。 知识拓展

happen表示“碰巧”之意时,其主语可以是人,后面常跟动词不定式。

Last Sunday I happened to meet one of my old friends in the street. 上星期天我在街上碰巧遇到了我的一个老朋友。

I happened to be there when the fire started.大火发生时我碰巧在那儿。

◎happen表示“碰巧”时,还可用于It happens/happened that...结构,这种结构可与上述结构互换。

It happened that the famous actor was her brother. =The famous actor happened to be her brother. 那个著名的演员碰巧是她哥哥。 特别提示

take place意为“发生”时,常指有计划安排的事情的发生与进行,不含偶然的意味。 When will the wedding take place? 婚礼什么时候举行?

11. When he was interviewed by the local newspaper... (P38)当地的报纸采访他时?? (1)was interviewed是一般过去时的被动语态,其构成为:was/were+及物动词的过去分词。 The PLA was founded on August 1, 1927. 中国人民解放军创建于1927年8月1日。

(2)interview在这里作动词,是“接见,采访,会晤”的意思。

The newspaper reporters interviewed the minister. 报界记者采访了这位部长。

12. ...but they can’t find anything strange. (P38)??但他们找不到任何奇怪的东西。 something, anything, nothing等不定代词用形容词修饰时,要把形容词放在代词后面,这与形容词放在名词前作定语的汉语规则正好相反。

I gave my sister a new bike for her birthday. 我送给我妹妹一辆新自行车作生日礼物。

There is nothing new in the newspaper. 报纸上没有新消息。

13. I don’t think so! (P38)我认为不是这样。

这句话常用于表示不同意对方的意见或观点等,也可以说“I think not.”其肯定形式是“I think so.”(我认为是这样的。)表示肯定对方的意见。 — Look at the cloud, it will be rainy soon. 看天上的云彩,很快就要下雨了。

— I don’t think so. I think it will be sunny soon. 我看不会的,我想很快就会天晴的。

—Whose pen is this? Is it Li Ming’s? 这是谁的钢笔?是李明的吗? —I think so. 我想是的。 类似句型

I hope so. 我希望是这样的。/I hope not. 我希望不是这样。 I’m afraid so. 恐怕如此。/I’m afraid not. 恐怕不行。

14. There must be something visiting the homes in our neighborhood... (P38) 肯定有什么东西光顾我们的街坊的各家了??

(1)visiting the homes是现在分词短语作定语。单个的现在分词作前置定语,现在分词短语作后置定语。

He often helps his working mother at home. 他经常帮助妈妈在家中工作。 Who is the lady standing by the door? 站在门口的那位女士是谁? (2)neighborhood表示“地区;某地区的人;与某处相邻的地区”。 The whole neighborhood likes her a lot. 邻近的人都非常喜欢她。

We live in a rather rich neighborhood. 我们住在一个相当富裕的住宅区。

15. Maybe it means you’re afraid of too much homework! (P38)也许那意味着你害怕有太多的家庭作业!

本句中的too much是形容词词组,用来修饰不可数名词homework,意为“太多”,其中心词是much,副词too修饰much,以加强语气。 I don’t like winter because there’s too much snow and ice. 我不喜欢冬天,因为有太多冰雪。

People don’t need to spend too much money.人们不需要花太多的钱。 特别提示

much too的含义是“(实在)太??”,它常用作副词,用来修饰形容词或副词,much用来加强语气,修饰too,表示“太”,“过于”。

This job is much too heavy for so young a boy. 这项工作对这么小的男孩实在太重了。

He spent too much time on computer games. 他玩电脑游戏的时间太多了。

16. Don’t let yesterday use up too much of today. (P39)不要让昨天占去了今天太多的时间 (昨天的事昨天做,今天还有今天事)。 use up是“消耗,用尽”的意思。

We used up the money and could not go back home. 我们把钱用完了,回不了家了。

The ink has been used up. 墨水用完了。

17. He who would do great things should not attempt them all alone. (P39) 做大事的人不应该孤军奋战。

(1)who would do great things是一个定语从句,引导词是who。主句中的should是情态动词,意思是“应该”。

We should help each other when we meet trouble. 当我们遇到麻烦时,应该互相帮助。 (2)动词attempt的意思是“尝试,企图”,后面可接动词不定式,有时也接动名词。 He attempted to climb the mountain. 他试图爬上这座山。

I attempted walking until I fell over. 跌倒之前我都在试着行走。

特别提示

lonely意为“单独的,独自的”,在句中用作定语或表语,指人孤独寂寞或指地方荒芜人烟、偏僻遥远,带有浓厚的感情色彩。

He lives alone, but he doesn’t feel lonely. 他一个人住,但并不感到孤独。 My father was born in a lonely mountain village. 我父亲出生于一个偏僻的山村。 Unit 6 I like music that I can dance to.

重点、难点、考点及疑点注释

1. I prefer music that has great lyrics. (P44)我更喜欢有好歌词的音乐。 prefer是及物动词,意为“宁愿,更喜欢”,相当于like better。 Which do you prefer(=like better), rice or bread? 你比较喜欢哪一样,米饭还是面包? 句型拓展

◎prefer sb to do sth 表示“宁愿某人做某事”。

They preferred their son to go to the countryside.他们宁可让儿子去农村。 ◎prefer+(doing) sth+to (doing) sth表示“宁愿??而不愿??”。 I prefer pears to any other fruit. 我喜欢梨胜过其他的水果。

My grandma prefers taking a walk to sitting in front of the TV. 我奶奶宁愿去散步而不愿看电视。

◎prefer to do sth+rather than do sth表示“宁愿做??而不愿做??”。 My brother preferred to do his homework rather than go to the zoo. 我的弟弟宁愿做作业而不愿去动物园。

2. I like music that I can dance to.(P44)我喜欢能伴舞的音乐。 dance to是“跟着跳舞”的意思。

They danced to the disco music. 他们跟着迪斯科音乐跳舞。

3. The music reminds me of Brazilian dance music.(P46)这音乐使我回想起巴西的舞蹈音乐。 remind sb of sb/sth表示“使某人回想起某人/某物”。 This song reminds me of China. 这首歌曲使我想起了中国。 Thank you for reminding me of the meeting I have to attend. 谢谢你提醒我去开那个必须参加的会。

4. What do you think of it? (P46)你认为它怎么样?

think of和what连用,表示“觉得??怎样”,“认为??如何”,常用来询问对方对某人或某一事物的看法、感受、印象如何,相当于How do you like...? What do you think of the story?=How do you like the story? 你觉得这个故事怎么样? 短语链语

◎think highly of... “对??评价高”。 We think highly of their research in the field. 我们对他们在这领域里的研究评价很高。

◎think ill of... “对??评价不好”。

Don’t think ill of him. 不要把他想得太坏。

5. I can’t stand music that.... (P46)我不能忍受??音乐。 动词stand在这里表示“忍受,经受”。

I can’t stand the fellow. 我不能忍受那家伙。

Can you stand the pain? 你受得了这疼痛吗?

6. It does have a few good features, though. (P48)可是,它的确有一些好的特色。

助动词does在本句中表示强调,说明我们对正在讨论的事感情强烈,does要重读,后面接动词原形。

You do look nice today. 你今天看起来真是漂亮。

She does talk a lot, doesn’t she? 她的确爱说话,不是吗? 知识拓展

◎助动词does可用在肯定句中,避免重复前面已经用过的某个动词。 She said she’d help me and she did. 她说她将帮助我,她也是这样做的。 ◎祈使句中用do可以使邀请的口气更加客气、热情或友好。 Do sit down! 请坐!

7. ... and some of her best loved photos are on display in this exhibition. (P48)??她的部分深受好评的摄影照片也在这次展览会上展出。 本句中的on display表示“展出,陈列”,与on show同义。 They saw many old things on display (=on show). 他们看到许多展出的文物。

New spring suits are on display (=on show) in the shop window. 商店橱窗陈列着新式春装。

8. ...they don’t interest me as much. (P48)??它们同样唤不起我的兴趣。 (1)interest 作动词时,表示“使发生兴趣,引起注意”。 The story does not interest me. 这故事引不起我的兴趣。

I try to interest him in our plan. 我设法使他对我们的计划感兴趣。 ◎interest sb in doing sth

He tried to interest me in buying the house. 他想说服我买这座房子。 (2)as much在句中表示“同样地,同等程度地”。

That is as much as saying I am a liar. 那无异于说我撒谎了。

9. Whatever you do, don’t miss this exhibition. (P48)无论如何都别错过这次展览。 whatever在这里是连接代词,意为“任何的事物”、“无论什么”、“无论什么样的”等,是由“疑问词+ever”构成的。

Whatever has a beginning also has an end. 凡事有始必有终。 Whatever you do, you should always do carefully. 不管做什么,你都应该认真。

知识拓展

类似的词还有whenever, wherever, however, whoever,分别是“无论什么时候”、“无论在哪里”、“无论什么方式”、“无论谁”的意思。 Whenever I meet him, he says hello to me with a smile. 无论什么时候我遇到他,他都微笑着和我打招呼。 The little boy went wherever his mother went. 不论他妈妈去哪儿,这个小男孩都跟着。

In my own house, I can do whatever I wish. 在自己家中,我可以随心所欲。

Uncle Tom told his story to whoever wanted to listen. 谁爱听,汤姆叔叔就把他的故事讲给谁。 10. ...I’m lucky to be here for my six-month English course. (P49)??我很幸运在这里上6个月的英语课。

six-month是由数词加名词构成的复合形容词,中间用连字符连接起来作定语修饰后面的名词。

a two-month holiday=two months’ holiday =a holiday of two months 两个月的假期

a twenty-floor building =a building of twenty floors 一座二十层的楼 魔力纠错

房间里有两个18岁大的男孩。

误:There are two 18-years-old boys in the room. 正:There are two 18-year-old boys in the room. 魔力解析

注意:连字符后紧跟的名词必须用单数。

11. I prefer quiet, traditional music so the concert suited me just fine. (P49)我更愿意听安静的传统的音乐,因此音乐会更适合我的胃口。 (1)quiet 表示“平静的,宁静的”,是一个常用词。 This is a quiet street. 这是一条宁静的街道。

(2)suit 表示“适合,合适,相称”,后面既可以接宾语,也可以不接宾语。 The dress suits well. 这衣服很合身。

The dress suits me well. 这衣服很合我身。

12. My host family is taking me over to an Indian film festival next weekend. (P49)我的房东一家下周末将带我去参加一个印度电影节。 host 的意思是“主人,东道主(可数)”;host family则是指 “房东家”,表示“所借住的人家”。

China is the host country for the 2008 Olympic Games. 中国是2008年奥运会的东道主。 特别提示 在英语中,“女主人”常用hostess表示。 A good hostess makes her guests comfortable. 一个好的女主人使她的客人十分舒适。

13. I’m not sure what to expect because I’ve never seen an Indian film. (P49)我没有抱多大的指望,因为我从未看过印度电影。

expect是及物动词,意为“期待,盼望”,其后面常跟动词不定式、从句等。 She expects to come back on Sunday. 她预计星期天回来。 I expect that I’ll finish my homework in 10 minutes. 我预计10分钟后就能做完作业。 特别提示

expect的后面还可以跟复合宾语。

What do you expect me to say to the teacher? 你希望我和老师说些什么?

14. People who eat a balanced diet should be healthier than those who only eat biscuits and

hamburgers, shouldn’t they? (P50)饮食平衡的人比仅吃饼干和汉堡包的人更健康,不是吗? 本句中的diet意为“饮食,食物”,指的是习惯上吃的食物或规定要吃的食物,特指维持健康的定量或定质的食物,如病人的疗养饮食。 Proper diet and exercise are both important to health. 适当的饮食和锻炼对健康都很重要。

The doctor has ordered me a special diet. 医生给我安排了特殊的饮食。

人教版新目标英语9年级unit7-9

Unit 7 Where would you like to visit?

重点、难点、考点及疑点注释

1. Where would you like to go on vacation, Sam? (P52)山姆,你想去哪儿度假呀? (1)go on是不及物动词词组,意为“继续”,其后不能跟名词或代词作宾语。 The teacher asked him to stop talking, but he still went on. 老师叫他别讲,可他还是讲个不停

◎go on后面可以接动词不定式或动词-ing形式,但它们的意义不同。 Let’s go on discussing the question. 咱们继续谈论这个问题吧。 Let’s go on to discuss the question. 咱们接着谈论另外一个问题吧。 短语链语

go on with表示“继续”,后面可直接跟名词或代词作宾语。 Then Miss Gao went back to her desk and went on with the lesson. 然后高老师回到讲桌后边,继续上课。 ◎go on with可与go on doing sth 互换。

Go on with your work(=Go on doing your work).继续做你的工作去吧。 特别提示

holiday还可以用来表示“节日”,“纪念日”。

Everyone was in his holiday clothes. 人人都穿上了节日的盛装。 2. v-ing型形容词和v-ed型形容词

本单元出现了大量v-ing型形容词,那么大家对它的用法熟悉吗?在英语中,某些动词的后面加上-ing或-ed,可以变成形容词。

v-ing型形容词具有主动或进行的含义,是人或物本身所具有的品质。常见的词有: surprise—surprising 令人惊奇的 excite—exciting令人兴奋的 bore—boring 令人讨厌的 interest—interesting 有趣的 develop—developing 发展中的 move—moving 感人的 inspire—inspiring 鼓舞人心的

v-ed型形容词具有被动或已完成的含义,是由于受到某种影响而产生的结果。常见的词有: surprise—surprised感到惊奇的 bore—bored 感到厌恶的 excite—excited 感到兴奋的 interest—interested感兴趣的 develop—developed 发达的 move—moved 受感动的 inspire—inspired受到鼓舞的 please—pleased 高兴的

3. For your next vacation, why not consider visiting Paris? (P54)下一次假期为什么不考虑去巴黎呢?

(1)Why not+动词原形相当于Why don’t you+动词原形,表示“为什么不??”,常用来向

别人提建议。

Why not study hard? 为什么不努力学习?

Why don’t you ask the policeman for help? 怎么不向那个警察寻求帮助呢? (2)consider 表示“考虑,细想”,相当于think about,后面接动词时,应用动词的-ing形式。 I first considered writing to him, but then decided to see him. 我开始想写信给他,但后来决定去见他。

4. Paris is the capital of France, and is one of the liveliest cities in Europe. (P54)巴黎是法国的首都,是欧洲最活跃的城市之一。

lively是形容词,意为“活泼的,活跃的,有生气的”,在句中作定语或表语,用来修饰人或物。

She is a lively girl. 她是个活泼的女孩。

The sports ground is lively with all sorts of ball games.

运动场上要进行各种球类比赛,呈现出一派生气勃勃的景象。 特别提示

◎alive作形容词,意为“活着的,在世的”,常作表语,但有时也作后置定语或补语。 He must be alive, for he is still breathing slightly. 他一定还活着,因为他还在轻微呼吸。

He is the only person alive in the accident. 他是这次事故中惟一活下来的人。 An enemy officer was caught alive. 一名敌人军官被活捉了。

◎living是形容词,意为“活着的”,常位于名词之前或之后作定语;作表语时与alive意思相同。

We now know there are no living things on the moon. 我们现在知道月球上没有生物。

Is his grandfather still living/alive? 他的祖父还活着吗? ◎live读作/laiv/时,也作形容词,意为“活着的”,常放在名词之前作定语,它一般不用来修饰人;live读/liv/时,是动词,意为“生活,生存”。

The cat was playing with a live mouse. 这只猫在玩弄一只活老鼠。

Pandas usually live in the south and the southeast of China. 熊猫通常生活在中国的南部和东南部。

5. It doesn’t have any beaches or mountains, but there are still many things to do there. (P54)它没有沙滩和山脉,但是在那儿仍然有很多的事情可做。 在本句中连词or连接两个被否定的并列成分。

The world’s favorite food isn’t English, Italian, Indian or Japanese, but it’s American fast food. 世界上最受欢迎的食品不是英国食品、意大利食品、印度食品和日本食品,而是美国快餐。 魔力纠错

他没有弟弟, 也没有妹妹。 误:He has no brothers and sisters. 正:He has no brothers or sisters. 魔力解析

在否定句,or是“也不”的意思,而and表示的却是肯定的意义。因此,上句还可以写为He has no brothers and no sisters。

知识拓展

连词or在“祈使句+or+简单句”句型中, 表示“否则,不然”,引出一个相反的结果,本句型可以转换为含否定的if从句。

Get up early, or you’ll be late for school.

→If you don’t get up early, you’ll be late for school.早点起,否则你就会迟到。 短语链语

◎either...or表示“不是??,就是??”;“或者??,或者??”。 Either you or I am right. 不是你对就是我对。 ◎sooner or later意为“迟早”。

Don’t worry. Sooner or later, we can speak English well. 别担心,迟早我们能说好英语。

6. ...including the Eiffel Tower and Notre Dame Cathedral, one of the most famous churches in the world. (P54)??包括埃菲尔铁塔和巴黎圣母院,世界上最著名的教堂之一。

(1)本句中的include意为“包括”,“连??在内”,指包括或容纳某东西成为整体的一部分,侧重于对比整体与部分。

The money I gave you includes Xiao Wang’s. 我给你的钱里包括了小王的。 The coins included examples of almost all the types of Chinese coin. 这些硬币包括了几乎所有的中国硬币的品种。 特别提示

contain意为“含有,包含,里面装有”,指某物容纳比其更小的东西,侧重所含的量与成分。 The basket contains a variety of fruits. 这个篮子里装有各种水果。

These foods should contain some fat, some fiber, a little salt and so on. 这些食物应该含有一些脂肪、纤维,还应该有一点盐等等。

(2)本句中的famous 是形容词,常用于be famous as或be famous for结构中,意为“因??而闻名”。

◎当主语是表示人的名词时,be famous as表示“以某种身份而出名”,be famous for表示“以某种知识、技能或作品而出名”。

Einstein was famous as a great scientist. 爱因斯坦以一位伟大的科学家而著名。 Einstein was famous for his Theory of Relativity. 爱因斯坦以他的相对论而著名。 7. Isn’t it supposed to be very hot? (P54)难道天气不应该是很热的吗?

(1)这是一个否定形式的一般疑问句,用来表示说话人提出自己的建议或看法,并希望得到对方肯定的答复。有时它也表示惊讶、不相信、挖苦、批评等意义,其构成是:Isn’t(Aren’t, Don’t, Won’t, Can’t, Couldn’t, Didn’t, Haven’t, Hasn’t等)+主语? Isn’t he a League member? 难道他不是团员吗?

Haven’t you known him yet? I saw you having dinner with him just now. 你难道还不认识他吗?刚才我还见你和他一起吃饭了呢。

(2)be supposed to 的意思与should近似,意为“被期望或被要求做某事”。 Am I supposed to clean all the rooms or the single one? 我是应该打扫所有房间还是这个单间?

You’re supposed to start work at 8∶30 every morning.

你应该每天早晨八点半开始工作。

8. My family and I want to take a trip this summer somewhere in the east of China. (P56)今年夏天,我和家人想到中国东部的某个地方去旅行。

(1)名词trip指短距离的旅行,常含有回到原出发地之意。有时在口语中也指远程旅行,这时可与journey替换。

Have a good trip. 一路顺风。

During the four-hour trip, he wandered from car to car.

在四小时的旅途中,他在各个车厢之间逛来逛去。

9. I hope you can provide me with some information about the kinds of vacations that your firm can offer. (P56)我希望你能给我提供一些贵公司能提供的各种假期旅游的信息。 (1)provide 作动词,表示“供应,供给;预先约定”,可作及物动词,也可作不及物动词。 The farm provided them all the food they needed. 农场提供他们所需要的全部食物。

(2)firm表示“公司,商号,商行”等意思,常指商行,不用于商号名称。 He is thinking of starting another firm in Paris. 他正在考虑在巴黎另开一家公司。 特别提示

offer可作名词,意为“提供,提议,提出”,后面接名词或动词不定式作宾语。 He offered me a glass of wine. 他给了我一杯酒。 The driver offered to drive us to the station. 那位司机主动提出送我们去火车站。

10. It would be nice if our hotel had rooms with kitchens so we could save money by cooking our own meals. (P56)如果我们住的宾馆房间带有厨房那就太好了,那样的话我们可以自己做饭,也就节省钱了。

(1)with kitchens是介词短语,在句中作定语修饰rooms。with在这里意为“具有,带有”,由其连接的介词短语在句中作定语修饰名词,常用以说明人或物的特征;作状语时,表示一个伴随状态。

Mrs Smith is a woman with big eyes and long hair. 史密斯太太是一位大眼睛、长头发的妇女。 (2)动词save 在本句中是“节省”的意思。

If you want to save time, you’d better make a list before you go shopping. 如果你想节省时间,去买东西之前,先列一张购物清单。

知识拓展

save还有“拯救”,“抢救”,“搭救”;“储存”,“保存”等多种意思。 A lot of land has been saved by the Great Green Wall. 绿色长城拯救了许多土地。

My father saved a lot of money in the bank. 我父亲在银行里存了许多钱。

11. We all dream about things that we would like to do, and things we hope to achieve in the future. (P58) 我们都梦想着自己想要做的事情,以及我们希望将来要实现的事情。 本句中的in the future意为“将来,未来”,即in the time yet to come。 Who can tell what will happen in the future? 谁能知道将来会发生什么?

In the future, shopping can be done by videophone. 在将来,购买东西能在可视电话中进行。 特别提示

in future意为“今后”,相当于from now on。 In future, be more careful with your spelling. 今后你要更加注意你的拼写。

I advise you not to eat fruit that isn’t ripe in future. 我劝你今后不要吃不熟的水果。

12. According to the survey, less realistic dreams are also common... (P58)根据调查得知,不现实的梦想也很普遍??。

本句中的common意为“普通的”,“常见的”,“不足为奇的”,有时常发生,对每个人、每个地方都普遍的意思。

Snow is common in cold countries. 在寒冷的国家,下雪是常见的事情。

特别提示

usual意为“平常的”,“通常的”,指在某一地方、某一时间或某一人身上所常见的,往往指常用的东西或常发生的事情。

We followed the usual method of test.我们采用了通常的测试方法。

Unit 8 I’llhelp clean up the city parks.

重点、难点、考点及疑点注释

1. I’d like to help homeless people. (P60)我想帮助无家可归的人。 homeless是形容词,意为“无家可归的”,由home+后缀-less构成。 特别提示

less后缀通常加在名词的后面,构成形容词,表示与原来名词意思相反的形容词,如groundless 无根据的, odorless 无气味的, careless粗心的,useless无用的。 2. You could help clean up the city parks. (P60)你可以帮着打扫城市公园。 ◎clean up是“清除、除去(垃圾、污物)”等,使地方干净。 Please clean up the room after the party. 聚会后把房间打扫干净。 We should clean up the dirty parts of the sea. 我们应该清除海里的污染部分。

◎clean up还可以表示“挣得,赢得(多少钱)”。 He cleaned up a small fortune. 他发了一笔小财。 特别提示

clean oneself up意为“洗干净”。

Your hands are dirty, you’d better clean yourself up. 你的手脏了,你应该洗洗它们。

3. You could give out food at a food bank. (P60)你可以在食品供应站分发食品。 give out在这里是“分发”,“散发”的意思。

Our English teacher gave out the examination papers when the bell rang. 我们的英语老师在铃响的时候分发试卷。 ◎另外一个意思为“用完”,“消耗尽”。 After a week their food supplies gave out. 一周之后,他们的食物供应用完了。 ◎还有一个意思为“发出”,“送出”。 The sun gives out a lot of heat. 太阳能发出热量。

4. He looks sad. Let’s cheer him up.(P61)他看上去很伤心。我们去帮他振作起来吧。 cheer up sb或cheer sb up意为“(使某人)高兴起来,振作起来”。如果是代词做宾语,则将代词放在中间。

Cheer up! The news isn’t too bad. 不要发愁啦,这消息不错嘛! He took her to the ballet to cheer her up.

他为了使她高兴起来,便带她去看芭蕾舞。

5. This volunteer work takes each of them several hours a week, so it is a major commitment.

(P62)这份义工每周花了他们每个人好几个小时的时间,所以这是一个重大的贡献。 (1)each of them是指“他们中的每一个”。如果做主语,则谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。 知识拓展

each与every的用法

◎each指一个整体中的每一个,强调个体;every着重于全体的总和,强调整体。试比较: Each has a different book. (强调各有不同。)

Here every child at the age of six can go to school. (侧重整体,无一例外。)

◎each可作形容词及代词,而every只能作形容词,但可与-one,-body,-thing等构成复合代词。

◎each用在代词或复数名词前要用介词of连接,如each of them, each of the boys; every不能直接跟of连接,如不可以说every of them,而要说every one of them或each of them。 ◎every还可以表示“每隔”,后接基数词加名词,如every four weeks, every three months等,此种结构中的every不能用each代替。

She had a rest every fives minutes. 她每隔5分钟就休息一会儿。 魔力纠错

①街道两旁有许多商店。

误:There are many shops on every side of the street. 正:There are many shops on each side of the street. 魔力解析

each可以用来指两个或两个以上的人或物,但是every却总是指三个或三个以上的人或物,不能指两者。

6. Not only do I feel good about helping other people, but I get to spend time doing what I love to do. (P62)我不仅对帮助别人感到很满足,而且我还渐渐地花时间做自己喜爱做的事情。 (1)not only ... but also (also可省略)是“不但??而且??”的意思,当置于句首时,not only后面从句的主谓要倒装,但but (also)后面的主谓不用倒装。 Not only has he been to Canada, but (also) he knows some Canadians. 他不仅去过加拿大,而且还认识许多加拿大人。

Not only did he teach at school, but (also) he wrote novels. 他不仅在学校里教书,而且还写小说。

7. “Don’t put it off,” says HuiPing. “Become a volunteer today!” (P62) “别犹豫”,慧萍说,“今天就来当一名自愿者吧!” (1)put off 意思是“推迟,拖延”。

Never put off till tomorrow what may be done today. 今日事今日毕。 They put off the soccer game because of the rain. 因为下雨,他们把球赛推迟了。

You should not put off going to see the doctor. 你不应该拖延去看医生。 ◎put off还可意为“关掉”,相当于turn off。 Please put off the lights before you leave the classroom. 在你离开教室之前,请关掉灯。

(2)become是系动词,表示“变成,成为”,后面接名词、形容词、过去分词等。 She became famous in her city. 她在她所在城市的成为名人了。

知识拓展

become后可接介词of,构成what becomes of sb/sth 表示“某人/某事进展如何”。 What became of the dreams of our youth? 我们年轻时的理想何在?

特别提示

系动词get, turn , grow和become都可表示“变得,感到”,其区别是: ◎get用于日常用语,后面常跟比较级。

The weather gets colder, and the days get shorter. 天气变冷了,白天变短了。 ◎turn指在颜色和性质等方面变得与原来不同。 His face turned red. 他的脸变红了。 ◎grow着重变化过程。

It’s growing dark. 天渐渐地变黑了。

◎become是指身份、职位的变化,作瞬间动词时,指状态的变化。 He became an artist. 他成为了一名艺术家。

8. Jimmy takes after his mother. (P63)吉米的言行举止像他妈妈。

本句中的take after sb 表示“长相或举止像(某个长辈)”,不能用于被动语态。 To my surprise, Jack doesn’t take after his father at all. 令我惊奇的是,杰克和他爸爸长的一点儿也不像。

Mary really takes after her mother, she has the same eyes, nose, and hair. 玛丽长得真像她妈妈,眼睛、鼻子和头发一个样。

9. Jimmy has run out of money. (P63)吉米把钱花光了。 run out of意为“用完”,其主语通常是人,表示主动含义,后面跟宾语。 He has run out of ink.他用完了墨水。

I’m afraid we’re run out of petrol.我们的汽油怕是已用完了。 特别提示

run out也是“用完”的意思,其主语通常是被使用的事物,如时间、金钱、食物等,但不用于被动语态,同时其后也不能跟宾语。

His money soon ran out. 他的钱很快就花完了。

Have you nearly finished? Time is running out. 你快做完了吗?时间快到了。 10. I fix up bikes and give them away. (P63)我修理好自行车,然后捐赠出去。 (1)fix up相当于to repair,表示“修理,修补,整理”,其后跟物件名词作宾语。

My watch sometimes gains and sometimes loses. Can you fix it up for me? 我的表有时快,有时慢,你能帮我修修吗?

My mother is too old to live on her own, so we’re fixing up the spare room for her. 我母亲年龄太大了,不能自己生活,所以我们正收拾这个多出的房间让她住。 特别提示

如果fix up的宾语是“人”的话,则构成fix sb up with sth句型,表示“为某人安排某件事,向某人提供某物”。 I’ll fix you up with a place to stay. 我来给你安排住处。 (2)give sth away 意思是“捐赠,赠送”。 The rich man gave away most of his money to charity. 那个富人把他的大部分钱都捐给了慈善事业。 知识拓展

◎give away还可以表示“分发或赠与某物,由于大意而未利用或抓住(时机,机会等)”。 The headmaster gave away the prizes at the school sports day. 校长在学校运动会上颁发了奖品。

◎give away还可以表示“有意或无意地泄露某事情或出卖某人”。 The woman gave away state secrets to the enemy.

那个妇女把国家机密泄露给了敌人。

11. He even handed out advertisements at a local supermarket. (P64)他甚至在当地的一家超市散发广告。

hand out意为“散发”,其中hand是动词。

The teacher is handing out the maths papers. 老师在发数学试卷。 短语链语

hand in“面交”,“上交”。

The students are handing their papers in.学生们在交试卷。

12. Then he told the teachers at school about his problem ... (P64)然后他告诉老师自己的问题??

tell sb about sth是“把某事告诉某人”的意思,有时表示“嘱咐或语气较轻的命令”,常用于tell sb to do sth结构。

The teacher told us about his story. 老师给我们讲了他的故事。 My mother usually tells me to be careful on my way to school. 妈妈常常告诉我在去上学的路上一定要小心。

13. The strategies that he came up with worked out fine. (P64)他想到的那些办法获得了成功。 (1)这是一个由that引导的定语从句,先行词是前面的strategies。动词短语worked out在这里作主语the strategies的谓语,意为“产生结果,发展为,结果是??”,后面不可接宾语,主语也不用“人”来充当。

I wonder how their ideas worked out in practice.

我很想知道他们的想法在实践中取得了什么结果。 We didn’t plan it like that but it worked out very well. 我们原不是那样计划的,但结果却很好。 知识拓展

work out的其它用法

It was the best solution that he was able to work out at this time. 这是他这时能想出的最好的解决办法了。(想出)

I can’t work out the meaning of this poem. 我理解不了这首诗的意思。(理解) 短语链语

◎work on意为“从事”。 Professor Green is working on a new book. 格林教授正在写一本新书。 He is working on a maths problem. 他正在算一道数学难题。 ◎work on后面无宾语时,表示继续工作。 It’s very late, but they were still working on. 时间很晚了,但他们仍然在继续工作。

(2)fine在这里是副词,可与well替换,意思是“好,顺利”。 The machine works fine. 这台机器运行很好。 Sam is doing fine in his new business. 萨姆在他的新业务中一切进展顺利。

14. ...Who has filled my life with pleasure. (P66)??使我生活充满快乐的人。 (1)本句中的fill...with...表示一个动作,意为“用??装满??”,其主语通常是人。 He filled the bag with books. 他在书包里装满了书。 Please fill the bottle with milk. 请将瓶子装满牛奶。 知识拓展

be filled with表示一个状态,意为“装满了??”,相当于be full of,其主语通常是人或物。 The room was filled with smoke. 房间里浓烟弥漫。 Her eyes were filled with tears. 她眼睛里充满了泪水。 (2)pleasure意为“高兴,快乐”,是不可数名词;表示“乐趣,高兴的事”时是可数名词。 Reading gives me great pleasure. 读书给了我很多快乐。 It is one of my greatest pleasures. 它是我最大乐趣之一。 ◎在口语中It’s pleasure. 是回答感谢的客套语。 —Thank you for your help. 感谢你的帮助。 —It’s a pleasure. 不用谢。 特别提示

◎pleased是形容词,意为“自己感到高兴的,欣喜的,满意的”,指以任何方式表现出来或未表现出来的满足与快乐,在句中常用作表语,其主语为人。 The two friends were very pleased to see each other again. 这两个朋友非常高兴再次见面。

I was pleased that the manager had decided not to be angry with me. 使我高兴的是经理已经不再生我的气了。

◎pleasant也是形容词,表示“使人感到愉快/满意”,一般用作定语,如主语是物,也可以用作表语。

It’s pleasant weather today. 今天的天气令人愉快。 It’s very pleasant to sit down after standing for hours. 站了几小时后坐下来很舒服。

◎please是动词,表示“(使)高兴,满意,愉快”。 Does the cloth please you? 这布料合你的意吗?

15. Because I can’t use my arms or legs well, normal things like answering the telephone, opening and shutting doors, or carrying things have always been difficult for me. (P66)因为我不能灵活地使用我的手和脚,像接电话、开关门、拿东西这样的事情对于我来说都很难。 (1)本句中的shut意为“关”,在许多情况下可以与close互换,只是后者语气较弱,如close the door关门(也可能指半开半闭),shut the door关门(指把门关紧)。 That shop shuts at eight pm. 那家商店八点钟关门。

He closed his speech with a funny joke. 他用一个有趣的笑话结束了演说。 ◎当表示“关闭公路,铁路或交通工具”或作“结束”讲时,只用close。 They have closed the road for thick fog. 由于大雾,那条公路被关闭。

特别提示

turn off用来表示“关闭”有开关的东西,如收音机、电视、煤气、水龙头等。 Please turn off the light when you leave the lab. 在你离开实验室前关掉灯。

Make sure the gas is turned off before you go to bed. 确保上床前把煤气关掉。

(2)本句中的carry意为“搬运,携带”,不表示带到什么地方,而携带的方式可以是提、扛、背、抱、抬等。

She carried a baby in her arms. 她怀里抱了一个孩子。

He was carrying a wooden box on his shoulder.他扛着一个木箱。 特别提示

在后面“Lucky! Fetch my book.”一句中出现的fetch相当于go and bring back,意为“取来,

接来”,表示一往一返。

Let’s fetch some water. 咱们去打点水来。

People had to walk many kilometers in order to fetch wood. 为了取木料,人们不得不走许多公里路。

Unit 9 When was it invented?

重点、难点、考点及疑点注释

1. They’re used for seeing in the dark. (P69)它们被用于在黑夜里观看。

be used for表示“被用来做??”,介词for表示目的和用途,后面接名词或动词-ing形式。 Wood can be used for making paper.木材可以被用来造纸。 知识拓展

含有be used的常用短语:

◎be used as表示“被用作??”,介词as意思是“作为”的意思,其后一般接名词,强调使用的工具及手段。

This book can be used as a textbook.这本书可以当作教科书来用。 ◎be used by表示“被??使用”,by后接动作的执行者。 This kind of machine is used by farmers for getting in crops. 农民们用这种机器来收割庄稼。

2. I think the most helpful invention is the light bulb. (P70)我认为最有用的发明是灯泡。 helpful是由名词help加上-ful后缀构成的形容词,意为“有帮助的”,类似的形容词还有: thank—thankful (感谢的,感激的) grate—grateful(感谢的,感激的) use—useful (有用的) wonder—wonderful(令人惊奇的) forget—forgetful (健忘的) success—successful(成功的) beauty—beautiful (美丽的) pain—painful(疼痛的)

3. I’d like to have a radio because I could listen to music all day. (P70)我想有一个收音机,这样我就可以整天听音乐了。

本句中的情态动词could用来表示逻辑上或理论上的可能性,而不是某种实际上将要发生或正在发生的可能性。

Anybody could make mistake.任何人都可能犯错误。

The weather here could be very cold in winter. 冬天这儿的天气很冷。 特别提示

could也表示人或动物的内在能力,有某种知识或者技能而能够做某事。

He hurt his foot and couldn’t play soccer. 他的脚受了伤,所以他不能踢足球了。

4. The potato chips were invented by mistake. (P71)土豆条的发明纯属歪打正着。

(1) potato chips是一个复合名词,其中第一个名词用作定语修饰后一个名词,这样的例子有很多,又如: alarm clock, telephone number等。 知识拓展

复合名词变复数的规则,你一定要牢记啊!

◎通常只把主体名词变为复数

school boy—school boys(男生) apple tree—apple trees(苹果树) vegetable sandwich—vegetable sandwiches(蔬菜三明治) girl friend—girl friends(女朋友)

◎如果没有主体名词,在最后一个名词上用复数。

good-for-nothing—good-for-nothings(饭桶、无用的人)

three-year-old—three-year-olds(三岁的孩子)

◎由man, woman和另外一个名词构成的复合名词,两个部分都要用复数。 man teacher—men teachers(男教师)

gentleman farmer—gentlemen farmers (乡绅)

(2)by mistake 表示“错误地(因粗心、遗忘等所致)”。

Sorry, I took your bag by mistake. 对不起,我错拿了你的手提包。 短语链语

mistake ... for “错把??当作??”

5. George Crum cooked them for a long time until they were crispy. (P71)George Crum将它们做了很长时间,直到它们变脆了。

until常用作介词或连词,用来引导介词短语或从句在句子中作时间状语。 ◎在肯定句中,until与延续性、持续性动词连用,表示“直到??为止”。 I worked until late in the afternoon. 我一直干到下午很晚的时候。

◎在否定句中,until常与瞬间动词、短暂性动词连用,表示“直到??才??”,“不到??不??”。 The rain didn’t stop until midnight. 雨直到半夜才停。

I won’t leave until you promise to help me. 你不答应帮助我,我不会离开。

6. And he sprinkled lots of salt on them so they were salty. (P71) 然后,他在上面撒很多盐,这样它们就咸了。 (1)sprinkle 是“撒、洒”的意思,常构成sprinkle A on/over B 或sprinkle B with A表示“撒(某物)于(某物的表面)”。

She sprinkled sand along the icy path. 她往结冰的路上撒了些沙子。 He sprinkled vinegar on his fish and chips. 他往鱼和土豆上洒了些醋。

(2)salt是不可数名词,其形容词是salty。在英语中,很多名词后加-y可以构成形容词,表示“充满/包含??”,其意思与原来词汇的意思相同,只是词性不同,如cloud—cloudy, hair—hairy, rose—rosy, sleep—sleepy等。

7. Some leaves from a nearby bush fell into the water and remained there for some time. (P72)附近丛林里的一些树叶掉进了水里,并留在那里很长时间。 (1) fall into在这里是“落入、陷入”的意思。

Some ash fell into my cup. 一些灰掉进我的杯子里了。

A ripe fruit happened to fall into his hand. 一个熟了的果子碰巧掉在他手里。 (2)fall into有时也可以作“开始”解。

He fell into conversation with me. 他开始和我谈起话来。

(3)remain 表示“继续、依然、停留”,后面接名词,动词不定式。 He remained a prisoner for the rest of his life. 他的余生都在牢中度过。

It sounds a good idea, but it remains to be seen whether it will succeed.听起来这是个好注意,可是它能否成功,要等以后才能知晓。

(4)remain后面也可以接副词或介词短语。

She remains in the house all these days. 她这些天一直呆在那栋房子里。

Three out of four of them remained single. 他们四个人中有三个人还是单身。 特别提示

remain还有“剩下、残余”的意思。

I can’t go to the cinema because I have a lot of homework remained undone.

我不能去看电影,因为我还有很多作业未做。

8. And in this way, one of the world’s favorite drinks was invented. (P72)就这样,世界上最受欢迎的一种饮料产生了。

本句中的in the way意为“就这样”,“以这种方式”。

The song was composed in this way. 这首歌就这样被创作出来了。 In this way, you will find the answer to this question. 用这种方法,你可以找到这个问题的答案。 知识拓展

way主要有以下几种用法:

◎表示“方法”,接不定式,...way to do sth这一结构等于...way of doing sth。 Scientists are trying to find ways to prevent(of preventing) disease. 科学家们正在寻找预防疾病的方法。

There are many ways of traveling(to travel), for example, by air. 旅行有许多方式,例如乘飞机。

◎表示“路途”,“路线”,常构成on one’s/the way to...“在??的途中”。在这一结构中,介词to表示方向,后接名词。如果后面接地点副词如here, there, home时则不用to。 I’m on my way home.我正在回家的路上。

She’s on her way to see the film.她正在去看电影的路上。 ◎表示“方向”。 Look this way.看这边。 Go that way.往那边走。

◎表示“距离”,“路程”。

Beijing is a long way from here.北京离这里很远。

9. Dr Naismith divided the men in his class into two teams, and taught them how to play his new game. (P74)奈斯密斯医生把他的学生分成两组,并教他们如何玩他的新游戏。

本句中的divide...into是动介短语,与separate...into同义,意为“把??划分成”,其中divide是及物动词。

My father divided the cake into four pieces. 我爸爸把蛋糕分成4块。 We divided ourselves into small groups to carry out the plan. 我们分成几个小组来执行这个计划。

10. It is believed that on December 21st, 1891, the first basketball game in history was played. (P74)人们认为1891年12月21日是历史上的第一次篮球比赛的日子。

(1)本句中的It is believed that... 相当于people believe that...是“人们相信/认为”的意思,that引导的是主语从句。

It is believed that by the year 2010, the population of the world will be seven billion.

=People believe that by the year 2010, the population of the world will be seven billion.人们都认为到2010年,世界人口将达到七十亿。

(2)believe意为“相信”,“认为”,一般表示相信某人是诚实的或某事是真实的,后面可以接名词、代词、从句或复合结构作宾语。

I just could not believe my eyes. 我简直不敢相信我的眼睛。

Scientists believe that whales can live for twenty to thirty years. 科学家们认为鲸可以活二十到三十年。 ◎believe可以用于被动语态。

They are believed to have discussed this problem.据说,这个他们已经讨论过了。

特别提示

believe与believe in的含义不同。 ◎believe in意为“信奉、信仰”,后面常接表示真理或宗教一类的名词,也可作“信任、信赖”解。

My grandpa believes in Buddhism. 我爷爷信奉佛教。 I can’t believe in his honesty. 我不相信他诚实。

人教版新目标英语9年级unit10-12

Unit 10 By the time I got outside,the bus had already left.

重点、难点、考点及疑点注释

1. When I got to school, I realized I had left my backpack at home. (P76)我到学校时才发现把书包落在家了。

(1)had left my backpack at home 这是一个过去完成时的句子,表示在过去某一时间或某一动作之前完成的动作或存在的状态。

By three o’clock yesterday afternoon we had finished the work. 到昨天下午三点,我们已经完成了工作。

She had learned a lot of English before she went to school. 在上学之前,她已经学会了很多英语。

(2)left是leave的过去式,在此处意为“遗忘”,“忘记”,后面常有地点状语。 Li Min left his dictionary in the reading-room yesterday. 昨天李民把词典忘在阅览室里了。 特别提示

forget作“遗忘”解时,后面没有“遗忘”的地点。

I have forgotten the book. 我忘记拿书了。

2. My alarm clock didn’t go off, and by the time I woke up, my father had already gone into the bathroom and I had to wait for him to come out. (P78)我的闹钟坏了,因此等我醒来的时候,我父亲已经进去洗澡了,我只好等他出来。 (1)go off 是“(闹钟)闹响”的意思,即“发出声音”。 The thieves ran away when the burglar alarm went off. 防盗警报器一响,窃贼立刻逃走了。

(2)by the time I woke up 中的by the time意为“到??的时候”。 By the time he was ten, Tom built a chemistry lab himself. 等到了十岁的时候,汤姆自己建了一个化学实验室。

3. I started walking, but I knew I couldn’t get to school on time. (P78)我开始步行,但我知道我已经不能按时到达学校了。

(1)start to do sth和start doing sth都表示“开始做某事”,常可相互替换。 At the age of 12, he started writing his own newspaper. = At the age of 12, he started to write his own newspaper. 他十二岁时,开始编写自己的报纸。

(2)on time在本句中意为“准时,按规定的时间不早也不迟”。

Li Ming’s father seldom goes work on time. 李明的父亲很少准时上班。 The party began on time that evening. 晚会在那天下午准时举行。

知识拓展

time表示“??次/倍”时,是可数名词,其复数形式为times。 How many times did you see the movie? 那部电影你看了几遍? I have four times as many books as you.我的书是你的4倍。 特别提示

in time意为“及时”。

I will try my best to finish it in time. 我会尽力及时完成。 Will you be home in time to see the children before they go to bed? 你来得及在孩子们上床睡觉之前赶回家看看他们吗? 短语链语

all the time始终、总是, at any time在任何时候, at the same time同时, by the time在??时候以前, from time to time偶尔, have a good/bad time过得快乐/不快乐, in no time立刻, in time及时, many a time屡次, at times有时, take one’s time慢慢来\\\\别着急, The Times《泰晤士报》(英国一大报), two times three 2乘以3

4. Luckily, my friend Tony and his dad came by in his dad’s car and they gave me a ride. (P78)幸运的是,我的朋友托尼和他的爸爸乘他爸爸的小车过来了,带了我一程。 (1)luckily是个副词,意为“幸运地,有运气地”,在句中常用作状语。

Luckily, he didn’t hurt himself when he fell. 算他运气好,跌倒了没有受伤。 Luckily, she was in when I called. 真走运,我打电话时她正好在。 (2)give sb a ride意为“让人搭便车”,其中ride是名词。

Please give me a ride to my school, I’m going to be late. 请把我带到学校去,我要迟到了。

If you go to station, I can give you a ride. 如果你去车站,我可以带你一程。

5. When I got to school, the final bell was ringing. I only just made it to my class. (P78)我到学校的时候,上课铃正在响。我刚好正点赶到教室上课。

(1) final bell在此处作“上课铃”解,有时也写为second bell,而“预备铃”则表示为first bell。 (2) made it在这里表示“到达、赶上”的意思。

You can make it if you hurry. 如果你快一点的话,就会按时赶到的。

6. Have you ever forgotten to bring your homework to school? (P78)你是否曾经忘记将作业带到学校了呢?

(1)ever在这里是“曾经”的意思,常用于现在完成时里,询问对方是否有过某种经历。 Have you ever been to London? 你曾经去过伦敦吗?

知识拓展

◎ever用于一般疑问句、否定句以及表示条件或比较的从句中,意为“在(以往)任何时候”,“从来”,“在某时”等。

Nowadays he hardly ever comes. 最近他几乎不来了。 None of us will ever forget that exciting scene. 我们大家永远都不会忘记那个令人激动的场面。 ◎ever用于特殊疑问句中,意为“究竟、到底”。

Which ever do you want? 你究竟要哪一个?

When ever did you lose it? 你究竟什么时候丢失这个东西的?

◎ever用于含有最高级的从句中,可用来加强语气。

Li Siguang is the greatest scientist that ever lived.李四光是古今最伟大的科学家。 短语链语

◎ever after“从那以后”

They lived happily ever after. 从那以后他们幸福地生活着。 ◎ever since“从??以来”

I’ve known him ever since he was a boy. 我从小就认识他。 ◎ever so“非常”

Li Xiang is ever so strong. 李翔非常强壮。 ◎for ever“永远”

We love our motherland for ever. 我们永远爱我们的祖国。

(2)forgotten to bring是“忘记带来”的意思,构成forget to do sth 句型,表示“忘记将要做某事”(事情还没有做)。

Don’t forget to turn off the lights when you leave the room. 离开房间时不要忘记关灯。

特别提示

forget doing sth 表示“忘记做过某事”(事情做过,但忘了)。

I forgot returning the book to the library.我忘记曾把这本书还给图书馆了。

7. In 1938, a radio program by actor Orson Welles announced that aliens from Mars had landed on the earth. (P80)1938年,由Orson Welles主持的电台节目宣布来自火星的外星人在地球上登陆了。

(1)announce 意思是“宣布”,常指首次公开或正式宣布人们关心的某件事情。 The new government announced its policy at once.新政府立即宣布了它的政策。 The headmaster announced the result of the exam. 校长宣布考试成绩。

知识拓展

announcer,名词,“宣布者”,“播音员”;announcement名词,“宣告”,“通告”,“预告”。 (2)aliens是“外侨”的意思,在这里指的是“来自另一世界的生物”,与from Mars搭配,表示“来自火星的外星人”。 (3)on the earth意为“在地球上”,而in the earth却是“在地里”,“在地下”的意思。 We live on the earth. 我们生活在地球上。

In the winter some animals hide in the earth. 冬天有些动物藏在地下。 特别提示

on earth表示“究竟”,“到底”,常用在who, what, where, when, why等特殊疑问词后,以加强疑问的语气;也可以用在否定词之后,以加强否定的语气。 How on earth did you know it? 你到底是怎么知道的?

Nothing on earth could make him change his mind.无论什么都不能使他改变注意。 ◎on earth还可意为“在世界上”,“世间”,有时用于最高级之后,以加强其含义。 You are the happiest man on earth. 你是世界上最幸福的人。

8. Welles was so convincing that hundreds of people believed the story, and panic set off across the whole country. (P80)Welles的话是如此具有说服力,以至于成百上千人相信了他的话,全国处于一片恐慌之中。

(1)so...that在这里引导结果状语从句,表示“如此??以至于??”,that后面接从句,常见的句型有:

◎主语+系动词(be, become等)+so+形容词+that从句。 The computer is so useful that each of us wants to buy one. 计算机太有用了,我们每个人都想买一台。 ◎主语+行为动词+so+副词+that从句。

He ran so fast that we couldn’t catch up with him. 他跑得太快,我们追不上他。 ◎so...that后面也可以跟so many/few加复数可数名词或so much/little加不可数名词。 He had so many falls that he could ride a bike at last. 他摔了很多跤,终于学会了骑车。

There’s so much noise in the meeting room that I can’t hear the speaker clearly. 会议室里的噪音太大,我听不清演讲者的发言。 知识拓展

so...that句型转换的四种方法

◎当从句的主语与主句中的主语一致,且that从句是否定式时,常用too...to...转换。 The little girl was so tired that she couldn’t walk farther. =The little girl was too tired to walk farther. 这个小女孩太累了,她不能再走路了。

◎当从句的主语与主句中的主语不一致,且that从句是否定式时,常用too...for sb to do sth转换。

The work is so difficult that we can’t finish it in time. =The work is too difficult for us to finish it in time. 这份工作太难了,我们不能按时完成。 ◎当从句的主语与主句中的主语一致,且that从句是肯定式时,常用...enough to do sth转换。 He is so strong that he can lift the heavy box.

=He is strong enough to lift the heavy box.他强壮得足以举起那个重箱子。

◎当从句的主语与主句中的主语不一致,且that从句是肯定式时,常用...enough for sb to do sth转换。

He spoke so clearly that I could hear him.

=He spoke clearly enough for me to hear him.他说得很清楚,我能听明白。 特别提示

so that连在一起使用,意为“为了,以便”,表示目的,此时主句和从句的主语不一定一致;另外,还可以引导结果状语从句,前面一般用逗号。

Speak louder so that we can hear you. 说大声点儿,以便我们听得见。

She was ill, so that she was unable to go with you. 她病了,不能和你一起去了。

(2)convincing 是由动词convince加后缀-ing构成的形容词,意为“令人信服的、有说服力的”,主语通常由表示物体的词来担任。

His speech was very convincing. 他的演讲非常有说服力。

◎convince是及物动词,表示“使??信服”,“使??确信”。

You have convinced me that I should go.你已经说服了我,我应该去。 短语链语

convince sb of sth“使某人相信某事” 特别提示

convinced作形容词时,表示“坚定不移的、有坚定信仰的”,在句中用作定语,其主语是人。 Mr Smith is a convinced Christian. 史密斯先生是一个虔诚的基督徒。 (3)短语动词set off在本句中是“引起、激起”的意思。 A letter from home set off an attack of homesickness. 一封家信激起了一片思乡之情。 特别提示

set off在作“出发、动身”解时,与set out意思相同。

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