药学专业英语——药学词汇

半合成抗生素semisynthetic antibiotics 半抗原haptene

半数致死剂量half lethal dose ; median lethal dose; LD50

制剂学technology of pharmaceutics 制药化学pharmaceutical chemistry

安慰剂placebo 螯合剂chelating agent 安全范围safety range 安全试验法innocuity test method 辅基prosthetic group 辅料excipients

辅酶coenzyme 副作用side effect

附加剂additive 干燥剂desiccant;drying agent

肝首过效应first pass effect of hepar 感受器receptor

高敏性hyperreactivity

个体差异性inpidual differences; inpidual variation

给药方案或给药速度dosage regimen or dose rate

给药间隔dosing interval 工业药剂学industrial pharmacy

共价键covalent bond 非去极化型肌松药nondepolarizer

分子药理学molecular pharmacology

放射毒理学radiotoxicology 放射药剂学radiopharmaceutics

致癌实验carcinogenic test 致癌物carcinogen

致畸试验teratogenic test 致畸物teratogen

致敏试验sensitization test 最小有效量minimal effective dose 最小致死剂量minimal lethal dose;MLD 致敏作用sensitization

致死量fatal dose; lethal dose 制剂preparation

治疗等效（值）therapeutic equivalence 变态反应allergy; allergic reaction

表面活性surface activity 表面张力surface tension

短期致癌实验short term carcinogenic test

半衰期half-life period; half life time

崩解度disintegration 崩解剂disintegrants 单克隆抗体monoclonal antibody 胆碱酯酶cholinesterase

等张溶液isotonic solution 薄膜衣film-coating 饱和溶液saturated solution 不良反应adverse reaction 搽剂liniments 酊剂tincture

包衣片coated tablet 长期毒性实验long term toxicity test

肠肝循环enterohepatic circulation 肠溶控释片enteric controlled release tablets

肠溶衣enteric coating 处方prescription;recipe

滴丸剂pill 递质transmitter

定向药物制剂directed pharmaceutical preparations 长效制剂prolonged action preparation 中毒intoxication; poisoning 毒理学toxicology 毒性反应toxic response; toxic reaction

对因治疗etiological treatment 对症治疗symptomatic treatment

多功能酶multifunctional enzyme 多剂量给药multiple dose administration

儿茶酚胺catecholamine 二重感染superinfection

过滤filtration 过敏毒素anaphylatoxin

过敏性药物反应anaphylactic drug reaction 过氧化物superoxide

含量均匀度content uniformity 合并用药drug combination

合成药物synthetic drugs 合剂mixture

脂质体liposome 直肠给药rectal administration

剂型dosage form 剂量dosage; dose

基本药物essential drugs 急性毒性实验acute toxicity test 剂量或浓度的依存性dose or concentration dependency

环境药理学environmental pharmacology 胶体溶液型药剂medical colloidal solution

生物半衰期biological half life 生物碱alkaloid

生物利用度bioavailability 生物药剂学biopharmacy

生物制品biological product 生药crude drugs

稳态血药浓度steady state plasma concentration

物理药剂学physical pharmaceutics 药物学pharmacology; materia medica

吸入法inhalation 吸收速率常数absorption rate constant

时辰药理学chronopharmacology 时间治疗chronotherapy

时间感受性chronosusceptability 时效关系time-effect relationship 嚼用片chewable tablets 酵解glycolysis

拮抗作用antagonism 解毒作用detoxication

介质mediator; transmitter; medium 精神依赖性psychic dependence

剧药powerful drug 绝对致死剂量absolute lethal dose; LD100

广谱抗生素broad-spectrum antibiotic

抗毒素antitoxin 抗菌谱antibacterial spectrum

抗药性resistance to drugs 控释制剂controlled release preparation

口腔内给药oral administration 快速耐受tachyphylaxis

扩散diffusion 扩散系数coefficient of diffusion 累积尿排泄曲线cumulative urinary excretion curves

累加效应additive effect 类毒素anatoxin;toxoid

类固醇停药综合征steroid withdrawal syndrome

量子药理学quantum pharmacology 调剂学dispensing pharmacy 临床药理学clinical pharmacology 临床药学chlinical pharmacy

耐受性tolerance 耐药性drug tolerance

内毒素endotoxin 片剂硬度tablet hardness

内毒素鲎试剂测定法Limulus Amebocyte Lysate assay for endotoxin

内消旋体mesomer 浓度concentration

皮肤、粘膜表面给药skin and mucocutaneous administration

气凝胶aerogel 气溶胶aerosol

气体分析gas analysis 气雾剂aerosol

前体药物prodrug 鞘内注射intrathecal injection

限制性剧药restrictive holagogue 相对给药间隔relative dosage interval

相加作用additive effect; addition 向靶给药targetable drug delivery 药效动力学pharmacodynamics 药源性疾病drug-induced diseases

乙酰胆碱乙酰胆碱acetylcholine 乙酰胆碱酯酶acetylcholinesterase

抑菌活性bacteriostatic activity 抑菌作用bactriostasis

异构酶isomerase

消除速率常数elimination rate constant 效价potency

效价单位potency unit 效价强度potency

效应effect 效应器effector

效应物effector 协同作用synergism

兴奋性excitability 选择性selectivity

悬浮液suspension

血管内给药intravascular administration 血管外给药extravascular administration

血浆plasma 血浆代用液plasma substitute 血浆蛋白结合率plasma protein binding ratio

血脑屏障blood-cerebral barrier 血药浓度blood concentration

血清serum 血液凝固blood coagulation 血容量扩充剂blood volume expander 血液制品blood products

亚急性中毒subacute intoxication;subacute poisoning

亚硝酸盐中毒nitrite poisoning 眼用膜剂ocular inserts

药—时半对数曲线semi-logarithmic curve of drug-time

药—时曲线drug-time curve 药峰浓度peak concentration of drug

药峰时间peak time of drug 药剂等效性pharmaceutical equivalence

药剂学pharmaceutics 药理学pharmacology

药敏试验drug sensitive test

药物代谢drug metabolism 药物代谢酶drug metablic enzyme

药物的体内过程intracorporal process of drugs

药物动力学模型pharmacokinetics model

药物反应drug reaction 药物分布drug distribution

药物排泄drug excretion 药物吸收drug absorption

药物相互作用drug interaction 药物消除drug elimination

药物蓄积drug accumulation 全酶与辅基holonzyme and prosthetic group

人工合成抗原artificial antigen 人工免疫artificial immunization 人种药理学ethnopharmacology 埋植剂implants

慢通道slow pathway 敏感性sensitivity

慢性毒性实验chronic toxicity test; long term toxicity test

酶enzyme 酶原proenzyme

免疫抑制剂immunosuppressant;immuno inhibitor

免疫原性immunogenicity 免疫增强剂immunoenhancement 抗体antibody 抗血清antiserum

抗原antigen 溶解dissolution; dissolving

溶菌酶lysozyme 溶血hemolysis

溶质solute 三羧酸循环tricarboxylic acid cycle 杀菌活性bactericidal activity 杀菌作用bactericidal effect

身体依赖性physical dependence 神经毒素neurotoxin

肾上腺素能神经adrenergic nerve 肾上腺素能受体adrenergic receptor 渗透压osmotic pressure 溶剂solvent; dissolvent

收敛药astringent 手性药物chiral drug

首过效应first-pass effect 受体receptor

水解（作用）hydrolysis 糖异生作用gluconeogenesis

双盲法double-blind technique 天然药物crude drugs; natural drugs 硬膏剂plaster 有效半衰期effective halt

有效率effective rate 有效浓度effective concentration

治疗量therapeutic dose 治疗药物临测therapeutic drug monitoring; TDM

治疗指数therapeutic index TI 治疗作用therapeutic action

右旋糖dextrose 右旋体dextrorotatory form

阈剂量threshold dose 载体carrier

受体激动剂receptor stimulant 受体拮抗剂receptor antagonist

外毒素exotoxin 外消旋体raceme

药物分析pharmaceutical analysis 药物化学pharmaceutical chemistry 药品负责期allotted date of drug quality ensuring by manufacturer

药品管理法drug administration law 药品批号drug batch number

药品使用期limit date of using a drug after its production

药品有效期expiry date; date of expiration 药品质量标准drug standard 发酵fermentation 法定处方official formula

协定处方cipher prescription 序贯设计sequential design

多糖polyose 多肽polypeptide

电解electrolyzation 电解质electrolyte

激活剂activator 激活作用activation

激素hormone 激素原prohormone

中间体intermediate 助滤剂filter aid

助溶剂complex solubilizer 助悬剂suspending agent

自身免疫autoimmunity 组胺histamine

最大耐受剂量maximal tolerable dose; LDO 最大无作用剂量maxial noneffective dose; EDO

最小显著差数least significant difference佐剂adjuvant

左旋糖levulose 左旋体levorotatory form

6-磷酸葡萄糖脱氢酶glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase不完全抗原incomplete antigen

Janbon综合症Janbon's syndrome PPB浓度parts per billion concentration

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