新世纪综合单元测试

新世纪综合单元测试——Unit 1 Book 1

Listening Comprehension

Spot Dictation

Directions:You will hear a passage three times. When the passage is read for the first time, you should listen carefully for its general idea. When the passage is read for the second time, you are required to fill in the blanks numbered from 11-20 with the exact words you have just heard. When the passage is read for the third time, you should check what you have written. (10 points)

Language is a set of 11 for communicating. It is considered to be an exclusively human mode of communication. Although other animals make use of quite sophisticated 12 , none of these are known to make use of the 13 that linguists use to 14 language. In Western Philosophy, language has long been 15 with reason, a uniquely human way of using symbols. The English word \expressions of reason which can be understood by other people. Written languages use symbols to build words. The entire set of words is 18 . The ways the words can be meaningfully combined are defined by the language's syntax (句法) and 19 . The actual meaning of words and the 20 of words are defined by the language's semantics (语义学). 11. simple 12. communicate 13. promplem 14. find 15. used 16. devide 17. time 18. vocabuiary 19. grammer 20. complation

Reading Comprehension

Directions: There are two passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices. Click on the best choice. (20 points)

Passage One

Culture is the total sum of all the traditions, customs, beliefs, and ways of life of a given group of human beings. In this sense, every group has a culture, however savage, undeveloped, or uncivilized it may seem to us.

To the professional anthropologist, there is no intrinsic superiority of one culture over another, just as to the professional linguist there is no intrinsic hierarchy(等级) among languages.

People once thought of the languages of backward groups as savage, undeveloped forms of speech, consisting largely of grunts and groans. While it is possible that language in general began as a series of grunts and groans, it is a fact established by the study of \languages of uncivilized groups are, by our most severe standards, extremely complex, delicate, and ingenious pieces of machinery for the transfer of ideas. They fall behind our Western languages not in their sound patterns or grammatical structures, which are usually fully adequate for all language needs, but only in their vocabularies, which reflect the objects and activities known to their speakers. Even in this department, however, two things are to be noted: 1. All languages seem to possess the machinery for vocabulary expansion, either

by putting together words already in existence or by borrowing them from other languages and adapting them to their own systems. 2. The objects and activities requiring names and distinctions in \numerous and complicated. A Western language distinguishes merely between two degrees of remoteness (\between what is close to the speaker, or to the person addressed, or remote from both, or out of sight, or in the past, or in the future.

This study of language, in turn, casts a new light upon the claim of the anthropologists that all cultures are to be viewed independently, and without ideas of rank or hierarchy.

21.The languages of uncivilized groups as compared with Western languages are limited in _______.

A. sound patterns

B. grammatical structures C. vocabularies D. both B) and C)

22. The author says that professional linguists recognize that _______.

A. Western languages are superior to Eastern languages B. all languages came from grunts and groans

C. the hierarchy of languages is difficult to understand D. there is no hierarchy of languages

23. The article states that grunt-and-groan forms of speech are found _____.

A. nowhere today

B. among the Australian aborigines C. among Eastern cultures

D. among people speaking \

24. According to the author, languages, whether civilized or not, have _____.

A. the potential for expanding vocabulary B. the same sound pattern C. no ability to transfer ideas

D. complex structures

25. Which of the following is implied in the passage?

A. The study of language has shaken people's belief in anthropological studies. B. The study of language has reinforced anthropologists in their view that there is no hierarchy among cultures.

C. The study of language is the same as the study of anthropology.

D. The study of language casts a new light upon the claim of anthropologists. Passage Two

I've been writing for most of my life. The book Writing Without Teachers introduced me to one distinction and one practice that has helped my writing processes tremendously. The distinction is between the creative mind and the critical mind. While you need to employ both to get to a finished result, they cannot work in parallel no matter how much we might like to think so.

Trying to criticize writing on the fly is possibly the single greatest barrier to writing that most of us encounter. If you are listening to that 5th grade English teacher correct your grammar while you are trying to capture a fleeting (稍纵即逝的) thought, the thought will die. If you capture the fleeting thought and simply share it with the world in raw form, no one is likely to understand. You must learn to create first and then criticize if you want to make writing the tool for thinking that it is.

The practice that can help you get rid of your learned bad habits of trying to edit as you write is what Elbow calls \words down on paper non-stop, usually for 15 to 20 minutes. No stopping, no going back, no criticizing. The goal is to get the words flowing. As the words begin to flow, the ideas will come from the shadows and let themselves be captured on your notepad or your screen.

Now you have raw materials that you can begin to work with using the critical mind that you've persuaded to sit on the side and watch quietly. Most likely, you will believe that this will take more time than you actually have and you will end up staring blankly at the pages as the deadline draws near.

Instead of staring at a blank start filling it with words no matter how bad they are. Halfway through your available time, stop and rework your raw writing into something closer to the finished product. Move back and forth until you run out of time and the final result will most likely be far better than your current practices.

26. When the author says the creative mind and the critical mind \(Para. 1) in the writing process, he means ____.

A. no one can be both creative and critical B. they cannot be regarded as equally important

C. they are in constant conflict with each other D. one cannot use them at the same time 27. What prevents people from writing on is _____.

A. putting their ideas in raw form B. attempting to edit as they write C. ignoring grammatical soundness D. trying to capture fleeting thoughts

28. What is the chief objective of the first stage of writing?

A. To organize one's thoughts logically. B. To choose an appropriate topic. C. To get one's ideas down. D. To collect raw materials.

29. One common concern of writers about \

A. it overstresses the role of the creative mind B. it takes them too much time to edit afterwards C. it may bring about too much criticism D. it does not help them to think clearly

30. In what way does the critical mind help a writer in the writing process?

A. It refines his writing into better shape. B. It helps him to come up with new ideas. C. It saves the writing time available to him. D. It allows him to sit on the side and observe.

Vocabulary and Structure

Directions: Each of the following sentences is provided with four choices. Choose the one that best completes the sentence.(60 points)

31. He ____ that he could finish the job without any help.

A. claimed B. demanded C. required D. denounced

32. He made ____ to your remarks at the last meeting.

A. progress B. money C. reference D. referee

33. He's the manager's son but that doesn't ____ him to criticise my work.

A. qualify B. lead C. promise D. qualified

34. The skilled carpenter worked ____ to finish the job quickly.

A. effectively B. sufficiently C. extremely D. efficiently

35. A(n) ____ of using the solar energy is that it won't create any pollution.

A. disadvantage B. advantage

C. profit D. interest

36. Spanish is ____ useful in Europe as a language of commerce.

A. extremely B. drastically C. radically D. exactly

37. It may be safely ____ that there is no animal life on Mars.

A. assembled B. assisted C. assumed D. assigned

38. The numerical values available in Newton's time were not highly ____.

A. precious B. precise C. right D. correct

39. What is the Chinese ____ of the word \

A. equivalent B. equality C. equator D. equipment

40. The unemployment figures are not necessarily ____ to the rise in price.

A. regulated B. related

C. relaid D. released

41. Language is a ____ for the expression of thought.

A. mode B. means C. measurement D. mood

42. His nationality isn't ____ to whether he is a good lawyer.

A. relevant B. relative C. reliable D. real

43. Business declined to such a(n) ____ that the company had to close up.

A. part B. content C. extent D. method

44. The experiment failed. It was, nevertheless, ____ making.

A. worthy B. worth C. worthwhile D. worthless

45. He could barely keep body and soul together, ____ support his family.

A. let in B. let down

C. let alone D. let out

46. No attempt has been made to ____ a complete bibliography of these writings.

A. provide B. secure C. ensure D. inform

47. Computer magnetic tape is very ____ to that used on an ordinary tape recorder.

A. different B. same C. similar D. separate

48. He is an ____ boy, but he is very unsure of himself.

A. intellectual B. industrious C. intelligence D. integrity

49. ____ and disorder might well spread throughout the entire Middle East.

A. Contempt B. Confusion C. Conference D. Conjunction

50. A matter of repeated occurrence like this will not ____ people.

A. asset

B. hold back with

C. astonish D. distinguish

51. He craned his neck to get a ____ of the parade.

A. cast B. glimpse C. stare D. glare

52. He was a boring nuisance! I'm glad to be ____ of him.

A. get B. ride C. desert D. rid

53. These defects can be brought out by the following ____.

A. illumination B. illustration C. illusion D. impact

54. ____ I told him that Mr. Smith knew why he was fired.

A. It is not until B. It is until C. It was not until D. It was until

55. The boys often finish their homework first before they go out and play, and ____.

A. nor does my daughter B. so does my daughter

C. my daughter doesn't too D. my daughter is too

56. ____ your advice, I would have made no mistake about it.

A. If I took B. If had I taken C. I had taken D. Had I taken

57. ____ the content is concerned, the book is worth reading.

A. As far as B. As long as C. As good as D. As well as

58. Laser is ____ an important discovery ____ it finds wide application in modern physics.

A. so...that B. such...as C. such...that D. the same...as

59. Standing on the bank, the children watched the boat ____ with medical supplies.

A. loading B. having loaded C. have loaded D. being loaded

60. Whenever we ____ with our studies, our teachers help us patiently.

A. have pleasure B. have convenience

C. have trouble D. have a talk

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