博大考神2012年职称英语理工类B级阅读理解真题及参考答案

博大考神2012年职称英语理工类B级阅读理解真题及参考答案

收集：博大教育专家 来源：http://www.enbroad.com/article-5494.html?page=2

第2部分：阅读判断(第16~22题，每题1分，共7分)下面的短文后列出了7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断;如果该句提供的是正确信息，请选择A;如果该句提供的是错误信息，请选择B;如果该句的信息文中没有提及，请选择C。

【题型总体分析】阅读判断通过学习查读法解题技巧，可以得到5分左右。查读法技巧是解决阅读判断，概括大意和完成句子，阅读理解等阅读题型的必备解题技巧。我们在软件的技巧实战板块中对该技巧进行了分类详细的讲述，并且配置了大量的针对性练习来让考生\练手\，学练结合，保证充分掌握技巧，并且学会在考场上的灵活运用。

Eastern Quakes Can Trigger Big ShakesIn the first week of November 2011, people in central Oklahoma experienced more than two dozen earthquakes. The largest, a magnitude 5.6 quake, shook thousands of fans in a college football stadium, caused cracks in a few buildings and rattled the nerves of many people who had never felt a quake before. Oklahoma is not an area of the country famous for its quakes. If you watch the news on TV, you see reports about all sorts of natural disasters -hurricanes, tornadoes, flooding and wildfires, to name a few. But the most dangerous type of natural disaster, and also the most unpredictable, is the earthquake. Researchers at the U.S. Geological Survey estimate that several million earthquakes rattle the globe each year. That may sound scary, but people don't feel many of the tremors because they happen in remote and unpopulated regions. Many quakes happen under the ocean, and others have a very small magnitude, or shaking intensity. A magnitude 5.8 earthquake that struck central Virginia the afternoon of August 23, 2011, was felt from central Georgia to southeastern Canada. In many urban areas, including Washington, D.C., and New York City (Wall Street shown)， people crowded the streets while engineers inspected buildings. Credit: Wikimedia/Alex Tabak Scientists know about small, remote quakes only because of very sensitive electronic devices called seismometers. These devices detect and measure the size of ground vibrations produced by earthquakes. Altogether, USGS researchers use seismometers to identify and locate about 20,000 earthquakes each year.

Although earthquakes can happen anywhere in the world, really big quakes occur only in certain areas. The largest ones register a magnitude 8 or higher and happen, on average, only once each year. Such big ones typically occur along the edges of Earth's tectonic plates.

Tectonic plates are huge pieces of Earth's crust, sometimes many kilometers thick. These plates cover our planet's surface like a jigsaw puzzle. Often, jagged edges of these plates temporarily lock together. When plates jostle and scrape past each

other earthquakes occur. On average, tectonic plates move very slowly - about the same speed as your fingernails grow.

But sometimes earthquakes rumble through portions of the landscape far from a plate's edges. Although less expected, these \can do substantial damage. Some of the biggest known examples rattled the eastern half of the United States two centuries ago. Today, scientists are still puzzling over why the quakes occurred and when similar ones might occur. 题目分析：

16.Oklahoma is an area often experiencing natural disasters.

A. right B. wrong C. not mention【分析】这道题使用的是查读法技巧。 第一步：划出题干中的信息词：Oklahoma，natural disasters。

第二步：将信息词回归到原文第一段：people in central Oklahoma experienced more than two dozen earthquakes以及Oklahoma is not an area of the country famous for its quakes.

第三步：对比原文以及题目信息。题干的意思是：Oklahoma是一个经常遭受自然灾害(natural disasters)的地区。而在原文句子中只提及到了地震(quakes)，并没有指出其他的自然灾害，故题干涉及到的内容在原文中并没有提及到，所以本题的答案应该是选择C选项。

17.The earthquake is the most unpredictable natural disaster.

A. right B. wrong C. not mention【分析】这道题使用的是查读法技巧。 第一步：划出题干中的信息词：the most unpredictable。

第二步：将信息词回归到原文第一段最后一句：But the most dangerous type of natural disaster, and also the most unpredictable, is the earthquake.

第三步：对比原文以及题目信息。题干的意思是：The earthquake是the most unpredictable的自然灾害(natural disasters)，原文句子中说的是the most

unpredictable的自然灾害是earthquake。题干和原文意思一致，所以本题的答案应该是选择A选项。

18.Few earthquakes happen without people's awareness.

A. right B. wrong C. not mention【分析】这道题使用的是查读法技巧和顺序出题原则法。

第一步：划出题干中的信息词：people's awareness。

第二步：信息词无法回归到原文中，根据顺序出题原则，我们在第二段中找答案。找到相关句子：but people don't feel many of the tremors because they happen in remote and unpopulated regions.

第三步：对比原文以及题目信息。题干的意思是：几乎没有(few)地震(earthquake)是在人们不知情的情况下(without people's awareness)发生的。原文说的是：人们感觉不到(people don't feel)大多数的震动(tremors)，题干和原文意思相反，所以本题的答案应该是选择B选项。这道题比较难，涉及到两个知识点，一是A-B的回归，即earthquake和tremors的同义改写，awareness和feel的同义改写;二是few……without……这个双重否定表示的是肯定的意思。

19. Seismometers can identify and locate most of the earthquakes in China. A. right B. wrong C. not mention【分析】这道题使用的是查读法技巧和顺序出题原则。

第一步：划出题干中的信息词：Seismometers，China。

第二步：信息词China无法回归到原文中，所以本题的答案应该是选择C选项。这道题比较简单，是很典型的\无中生有\未提交题目。

20.Big earthquakes of a magnitude 8 or higher seldom happen far from the edges of tectonic plates.

A. right B. wrong C. not mention【分析】这道题使用的是查读法技巧和顺序出题原则。

第一步：划出题干中的信息词：people's awareness magnitude 8，the edges of tectonic plates。

第二步：信息词回归到原文第四段中的后半部分：The largest ones register a magnitude 8 or higher and happen, on average, only once each year. Such big ones typically occur along the edges of Earth's tectonic plates.

第三步：对比原文以及题目信息。题干的意思是：Big earthquakes of a magnitude 8 or higher很少(seldom)发生在远离(far from)the edges of tectonic plates的地方。原文说的是：8级或以上的地震(The largest ones register a magnitude 8 or higher)一般一年发生一次。这些地震(Such big ones)主要沿着the edges of Earth's tectonic plates发生。其中Such big ones指的就是The largest ones register a magnitude 8 or higher。题干和原文意思是一致的，所以本题的答案应该是选择A选项。这道题涉及到两个知识点，一是seldom…far from和along的同义改写，二是Such big ones对前文内容的指代。 21.Whenever tectonic plates move, earthquakes happen.

A. right B. wrong C. not mention【分析】这道题使用的是查读法技巧和顺序出题原则。

第一步：划出题干中的信息词：Whenever，tectonic plates。

第二步：信息词大量出现在原文中，所以应该辅助使用顺序出题原则进行回归，回归到原文的第五段中找答案。找到相关句子：When plates jostle and scrape past each other earthquakes occur.

第三步：对比原文以及题目信息。题干的意思是：不管什么时候(whenever)tectonic plates运动了(move)，就会产生(happen)地震。原文说的是：当plates 相互地(each other)jostle and scrape past的时候(when)，地震就产生(occur)了。题干意思和原文意思不符，地震需要plates之间的相互运动才能产生，所以本题的答案应该是选择B选项。这道题涉及到一个知识点，即whenever和when的同义改写，以及happen和occur的同义改写。

22. The earthquake that hit the eastern half of the United States two centuries ago is the biggest \

A. right B. wrong C. not mention【分析】这道题使用的是查读法技巧和顺序出题原则。

第一步：划出题干中的信息词：the United States，two centuries ago。 第二步：信息词回归到原文的第六段中间部分：Although less expected, these \rattled the eastern half of the United States two centuries ago.

第三步：对比原文以及题目信息。题干的意思是： The earthquake that hit the eastern half of the United States two centuries ago是历史上最强的一次\。原文说的是：一些有名的最强地震rattled the eastern half of the United States two centuries ago. 题干中的\最强的一次\这层意思在原文中并没有提及到，可能是\最强的一次\，也可能不是，所以本题的答案应该是选择C选项。 【综合分析】

阅读判断通过信息词的直接比对可以做出5个题目，包含简单回归和无中生有来判断轻松得出答案的题。只有2-3个题目需要进行同义转换，要通过查找词典，辨别意思后才能进行判断，难度稍微大了一点，不过找到我们的词典是非常强大的，只要平时查词典速度快，这几道题目也是可以快速进行判断的。

第3部分：概括大意与完成句子(第23~30题，每题1分，共8分)下面的短文后有2项测试任务：(1)第23~26题要求从所给的6个选项中为指定段落每段选择1个小标题;(2)第27~30题要求从所给的6个选项中为每个句子确定一个最佳选项。

【题型整体分析】概括大意部分的整体解题思路是：分析选项中的信息词(重点词);其次回归原文找到段落的中心句，关于找中心句的技巧在培训班中的概括大意部分有详细的讲解;最后再看选项中哪一项的中心词出现在段落中心句中。通过这样的技巧可以很快得出题

目的答案。段落中心句的确定技巧为：段落中心句一般是句子的第一句或者是最后一句。如果第二句中有明显的转折的词汇，比如but，则第二句则是段落中心句。其次就是段落中的叙述比较零散，没有明显的中心句。这时，一般段落中会有多次出现的词，这些词也是会在某一选项中出现。故技巧的灵活运用可以帮助我们轻松解题。

Learn about Noble Gases(惰性气体)1. Have you ever ridden on a balloon? Many tourist spots offer balloon rides in order for people to see the beauty of a place from above. A balloon contains a noble gas called helium. Formerly, balloons contained hydrogen but hydrogen is very flammable and dangerous when uncontrolled. Therefore, people shifted to helium, which is safer. Helium is safe because it has the properties of the noble gases.

2. People once believed that noble gases couldn't chemically react at all. For this reason, they were called inert gases. They were also clustered under Group 0 in the old periodic table because scientists believed that the gases have zero valence electrons in their outer shell. This was later proven to be untrue when some noble gas compounds were discovered.

3. The gases are elements, which share similar properties. These properties include being monoatomic, colorless, odorless, being able to conduct electricity, and having low chemical reactivity. Noble gases include Helium, Neon, Argon, Krypton, Xenon and Radon. These are all found in Group 18, in the rightmost column of the periodic table. If you look at the periodic table, you will notice that these elements are the only ones, which do not have a charge. Helium has the lowest molecular(分子的) weight while Radon is the heaviest.

4. Remember that chemical reactions occur because atoms have \electrons, which are electrons in their outer shell. When the outer shell is \or the required number of electrons is not yet complete, the atom is more reactive. Noble gases have a full outer shell, meaning that they have complete electrons in their outer shell. This complete number varies. For instance, the outer shell of Helium has 2 valence electrons while the outer shell of Xenon has 8 electrons. Nowadays, there remains to be a few noble gases because of the inherent low chemical reactivity of these said gases.

5. Because of their properties, noble gases have many important applications. They are widely used in recreation, medicine and industries. For instance, Liquid Helium is used for superconducting magnets(磁体)。 These magnets are very important in physics and medicine. When a doctor suspects that a person's brain has been damaged, he might request for Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI)。 MRI allows the doctor to \【题目分析】

23. Paragraph 2A. What are the applications of noble gases?

B. How were noble gases discovered? C. What are noble gases?

D. What cause the low chemical reactivity of noble gases? E. How were noble gases understood in the past? F. What is the periodic table? 【分析】

第一步：划出各个选项的中心词。A：应用applications;B：怎么发现

的?How……discovered?C：noble gases是什么? D：引起了低化学反应cause the low chemical reactivity;E：过去被理解understood in the past;F：周期表periodic table。 第二步：找出段落的中心句。本段的中心句就在段落的第一句：People once believed that noble gases……，意思是：人们曾经认为noble gases……第三步：对比选项，确定答案。和\曾经认为\相关的选项就应该是选项E的How were noble gases understood in the past?意思是：以前人们是怎么理解noble gases的?选项E的内容符合该段的主要意思，所以本题的正确答案为选项E。

24. Paragraph 3A. What are the applications of noble gases? B. How were noble gases discovered? C. What are noble gases?

D. What cause the low chemical reactivity of noble gases? E. How were noble gases understood in the past? F. What is the periodic table? 【分析】

第一步：找出段落的中心句。本段的中心句就在段落的第一句：The gases are elements, which share similar properties. 意思是：The gases是elements, ……第二步：对比选项，确定答案。和中心句相关的选项就应该是选项C的What are noble gases?意思是： noble gases是什么?选项C的内容符合该段的主要意思，所以本题的正确答案为选项C。这道题涉及到了我们概括大意中很典型的一个题目，也就是下定义的表示方法：what is/are……25. Paragraph 4A. What are the applications of noble gases? B. How were noble gases discovered? C. What are noble gases?

D. What cause the low chemical reactivity of noble gases? E. How were noble gases understood in the past? F. What is the periodic table? 【分析】

第一步：找出段落的中心句。本段的中心句就在段落的最后一句：Nowadays, there remains to be a few noble gases because of the inherent low chemical reactivity of these said gases.

第二步：对比选项，确定答案。和中心句相关的选项就应该是选项D的What cause the low chemical reactivity of noble gases? 只有该选项中出现了中心句的关键词the low chemical reactivity。所以本题的正确答案为选项D。

26. Paragraph 5A. What are the applications of noble gases? B. How were noble gases discovered? C. What are noble gases?

D. What cause the low chemical reactivity of noble gases? E. How were noble gases understood in the past? F. What is the periodic table? 【分析】

第一步：找出段落的中心句。本段的中心句就在段落的第一句：Because of their properties, noble gases have many important applications.

第二步：对比选项，确定答案。和中心句相关的选项就应该是选项A的What are the applications of noble gases?只有该选项提到到中心句的关键词application。所以本题的正确答案为选项A。

【综述】：概括大意主要考察的就是大家能否快速找到中心句或者是段落中经常出现的中心词。其次就是要求大家对于英语文章的写作逻辑方法的了解，这样才会更好从逻辑上判断哪一句是中心句。大家经常练习后，有时是可以从选项就一下子可以得出段落的中心句。也不需要理解，只要大家眼睛看的够快，能发现某一选项的词在某一段落中出现，这样都不用理解就可以得到分数。

http://www.enbroad.com/article-5494.html?page=4 【完成句子整体解题技巧】

完成句子主要是采用查读法，但有些题目是可以通过语法结构解题的，这样就需要考生有一定的基础并且对与一些固定搭配有一定的了解。关于完成句子的技巧在培训班的完成句子课程中有详细讲解。完成句子因为是用查读法，所以有时会涉及到信息的对比。 27. Noble gases are not very chemically______.

A. unnecessaryB. completeC. lightestD. importantE. flammableF. reactive【分析】

第一步：首先看有没有可以帮助我们解题的语法结构。本题目要选择的是一个能被副词chemically修饰的词，也就是动词或形容词。所有选项都符合条件。所以使用查读法进行解题。确定题干中的信息词为：chemically。

第二步：利用信息词，我们直接回归原文的第二段第一句：People once believed that noble gases couldn't chemically react at all.

第三步：对比题干和原文。原文中chemically修饰的是动词react，而选项中出现了该单词的形容词形式reactive，所以，本题的答案应该是选项F。该题主要的解题思路就是通过信息词回归以后，找到原文和题干内容的同义改写。

28. Among the elements of noble gases Helium is the____.

A. unnecessaryB. completeC. lightestD. importantE. flammableF. reactive【分析】

第一步：首先看有没有可以帮助我们解题的语法结构。本题目要选择的是一个能被定冠词the修饰的名词或最高级。选项中满足这个要求的只有选项C的lightest。所以，本题的答案是选项C。该题主要的解题思路就是通过冠词the的用法来进行排查和确定答案的。 29. The required number of electrons in noble gases' outer shell is _____. A. unnecessaryB. completeC. lightestD. importantE. flammableF. reactive【分析】

第一步：首先判断出没有可以帮助我们解题的语法结构。所以使用查读法进行解题。确定题干中的信息词为：The required number of electron，outer shell。

第二步：利用信息词，我们直接回归原文的第四段前半部分：Remember that chemical reactions occur because atoms have \electrons, which are electrons in their outer shell. When the outer shell is \or the required number of electrons is not yet complete, the atom is more reactive.

第三步：对比题干和原文。选项B的complete出现在原文中，所以，本题的答案应该是选项B。

30. MRI may make operating on the patient ______.

A. unnecessaryB. completeC. lightestD. importantE. flammableF. reactive【分析】

第一步：首先判断出有没有可以帮助我们解题的语法结构。题干中涉及到单词make的用法，即：使某人/某事怎么样，这里是：使得病人身上的手术____。不能根据这个判断出答案，所以快速确定题干的信息词为：MRI，operating on the patient。

第二步：利用信息词，我们直接回归原文的最后一段后半部分：When a doctor suspects that a person's brain has been damaged, he might request for Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI)。 MRI allows the doctor to \patient.

第三步：对比题干和原文。原文中说的是without operating on the patient，也就是不用在病人身上做手术，选项中，A选项的unnecessary是没用的意思，也就是：使得病人身上的手术没用，符合原文的意思，所以，本题的答案应该是选项A。

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