35kv变电站设计论文

摘要：变电所是联系发电厂和用户的纽带，起着变换和分配电能的作用，是电网主要的组成部分。随着我国工业的发展，各行业对电力系统的供电可靠性和稳定性的要求日益提高。因此变电站的安全运行对电力系统非常重要。

本次毕业设计的课题是“某企业35kV变电站设计”，该企业由南京市某35kV变电站出2回线路供电，形成双回路同时供电方式，满足该企业的供电可靠性要求，其负荷侧的电压等级为6kV。

该变电站设有2台主变压器，电压等级分为35kV和6kV。设计范围为变电所电气一次及电气二次部分。一次部分主要包括负荷计算、无功补偿、主变选择、主接线方案设计、短路计算、一次电气设备的选择、变电所的平面布局及防雷和接地等。在满足安全可靠要求的前提下尽量做到灵活经济。并且要考虑设备运行检修方便，变电站整体占用土地面积少，节约线缆，出线合理等。

该变电站的二次部分包括系统的继电保护、信号回路、控制回路等，采用成套综合自动化设备，实现变电站综合自动化，并附有相关的电气图纸加以说明。 关键词：变电站，电气主接线，变压器，继电保护，二次回路，变电站综合自动化

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Abstract：The transformer substation is the intermediate link between power plants and users, which plays the role of power transformation and distribution and is the main component of power network. With the development of industry, various industries is increasing the demand on the power system reliability and stability . Therefore, a safe operation of the substation of the power system is essential.

This graduation design topic is \Design of 35kV substation of an enterprise\The project is supplied with 2circuit of a 35kV substation in Nanjing, which forms the way of double loop power supply at the same time to satisfied the requirement of power supply reliability.

The transformer substation is equipped with 2 main transformers and the voltage grade is divided into 35kV and 6kV. The design range electrical substation electrical is mainly part one and part two .One part includes main the load calculation, the selection of the main transformer, the design of main wiring scheme, short-circuit calculation, the choice of primary electrical equipment , the substation layout, Lightning protection and grounding protection. we should try to be as flexible as possible economic under the assumption of the requirement of safety and reliability. In addition, we should consider the convenience of operation and maintenance , a small occupation of area, cable saving and a reasonable outlet.

The part two of the substation includes the relay protection, signal circuit, control circuit and so on. Using the integrated automation equipment, it is completed of the substation integrated automation together with the associated electrical drawings to illustrate.

Keywords: substation, the main electrical wiring, transformer, relay protection, the secondary circuit, integrated substation automation

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目录

摘要 ........................................................... I 第1章 绪论 .................................................... 1 第2章 原始资料分析 ............................................ 2

2.1原始资料 ......................................................................................................................... 2 2.2原始资料分析 ................................................................................................................. 2 2.2.1 区域地理条件与所址选择 ......................................... 2 2.2.2 设计过程分析 ................................................... 3

第3章 负荷计算与无功补偿 ...................................... 4

3.1 负荷的定义与分级 .................................................... 4

3.1.1 负荷的定义 ...................................................... 4 3.1.2 负荷的分级 ..................................................... 4 3.2负荷计算 .......................................................................................................................... 4 3.3主变压器的选择 .............................................................................................................. 7 3.3.1 变压器选择概述 ................................................. 7 3.3.2 主变产品型号选择 ............................................... 8 3.3.3 变压器的功率损耗 ............................................... 8 3.4无功功率补偿 .................................................................................................................. 8 3.4.1 功率因数补偿概述 ............................................... 8 3.4.2 并联电容器的选择 ............................................... 9 3.5所用变选择 .................................................................................................................... 10 3.5.1 所用变选择概述 ................................................ 10 3.5.2 所用变型号选择 ................................................ 10 3.5.3 所用变接线设计 ................................................ 11 第4章 电气一次部分设计 ....................................... 12

4.1 主接线设计 .................................................................................................................... 12

4.1.1 主接线设计与方案比较 .......................................... 12 4.2导线和电缆的选择 ........................................................................................................ 13 4.3短路电流计算 ................................................................................................................ 14 4.4电气设备的选择 ............................................................................................................ 16 4.4.1 电气设备选择的一般原则 ........................................ 16 III

4.4.2 断路器的选择 .................................................. 17 4.4.3母线的选择及校验 ............................................... 20 4.4.5 电流互感器(CT)的选择 .......................................... 21 4.4.6 电压互感器(PT)的选择 .......................................... 23 4.4.7 熔断器的选择 .................................................. 24 4.4.8 开关柜的选择 .................................................. 25 4.5 配电装置的布置 ............................................................................................................ 25 4.5.1 配电装置的基本要求 ............................................ 25 4.5.2 配电装置的布置 ................................................ 25 4.5.3 变电站的总体布置 .............................................. 25 4.6 防雷保护与接地保护 .................................................................................................... 26 4.6.1 变电站防雷保护 ................................................ 26 4.6.2 变电站接地保护 ................................................ 28 4.6.3 接地装置的布置 ................................................ 28 第5章 电气二次部分保护 ....................................... 29

5.1 概述 ................................................................................................................................ 29 5.2变电站综合自动化 ........................................................................................................ 29 5.3 系统的继电保护配置 .................................................................................................... 30 5.4变压器保护 .................................................................................................................... 31 5.4.1 变压器保护概述 ................................................ 31 5.4.2 变压器差动保护 ................................................ 31 5.4.3 变压器的非电量保护 ............................................ 32 5.4.4 变压器的后备保护 .............................................. 32 5.4.5 变压器的微机保护 .............................................. 33 5.5线路保护 ........................................................................................................................ 34 5.5.1 三段式电流保护 ................................................ 34 5.5.2 单相接地保护 .................................................. 35 5.5.3 线路的微机保护 ................................................ 35 5.6电容器组保护 ................................................................................................................ 35 5.6.1 电容器组的常见故障与保护配置 .................................. 36 5.6.2 电容器组的微机保护 ............................................ 36 个人总结 ...................................................... 37 致谢 .......................................................... 38 附录 .......................................................... 40

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