高考英语二轮复习 专题04 阅读理解Ⅱ：细节理解题(练)(含解析)

专题4 阅读理解Ⅱ：细节理解题

[2016·全国卷Ⅰ]

C

I am Peter Hodes, a volunteer stem cell courier. Since March 2012, I've done 89 trips—of those, 51 have been abroad. I have 42 hours to carry stem cells(干细胞) in my little box because I've got two ice packs and that's how long they last. In all, from the time the stem cells are harvested from a donor(捐献者) to the time they can be implanted in the patient, we've got 72 hours at most. So I am always cons cious of time.

I had one trip last year where I was caught by a hurricane in America. I picke d up the stem cells in Providence, Rhode Island, and was meant to fly to Washington then back to London. But when I arrived at the check-in desk at Providence, the lady on the desk said: “Well, I'm rea lly sorry, I've got some bad news for you—there are no fights from Washington.” So I took my box and put it on the desk and I said：“In this box are some stem cells that are urgently needed for a patient—please, please, you've got to get me back to the United Kingdom.” She just dropped everything. She arranged for a flight on a small plane to be held for me, re-routed(改道) me through Newark and got me back to the UK even earlier than originally scheduled.

For this courier job, you're consciously aware that in that box you've got something that is potentially going to save somebody's life.

30. Why does Peter have to complete his trip within 42 hours?

A．He cannot stay away from his job too long.

B．The donor can only wait for that long.

C．The operation needs that much time.

D．The ice won't last any longer.

31. Which flight did the woman put Peter on first?

A．To London. B．To Newark.

C．To Providence. D．To Washington.

【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者在一次运送造血干细胞途中的一段经历，表现了人们之间的友爱。

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[2016·全国卷Ⅰ]

D

The meaning of silence varies among cultural groups. Silences may be thoughtfu l, or they may be empty when a person has nothing to say. A silence in a conversation may also show stubbornness, uneasiness or worry. Silence may be viewed by some cultural groups as extremely uncomfortable; therefore attempts may be made to fill every gap(间隙) with conversation. Persons in other cultural groups value silence and view it as necessary for understanding a person's needs.

Many Native Americans value silence and feel it is a basic part of communicating among people, just as some traditional Chinese and Thai persons do. Therefore, when a person from one of these cultures is speaking and suddenly stops, what may be implied(暗示) is that the person wants the listener to consider what has been said before continuing. In these cultures, silence is a call for reflection.

Other cultures may use silence in other ways, particularly when dealing with conflicts among people or in relationships of people with different amounts of power. For example, Russian, French, and Spanish persons may use silence to show agreement between parties about the topic under discussion. However, Mexicans may use silence when instructions are given by a person in authority rather than be rude to that person by arguing with him or her. In still another use, persons in Asian cultures may view silence as a sign of respect, particularly to an elder or a person in authority.

Nurses and other care-givers need to be aware of the possible meanings of silence when they come across the personal anxiety their patients may be experiencing. Nurses should recognize their own personal and cultural construction of silence so that a patient's silence is not interrupted too early or allowed to go on unnecessarily. A nurse who understands the healing(治愈) value of

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silence can use this understanding to assist in the care of patients from their own and fr om other cultures.

32. What does the author say about silence in conversations?

A．It implies anger.

B．It promotes friendship.

C．It is culture-specific.

D．It is content-based.

33. Which of the following people might regard silence as a call for careful th ought?

A．The Chinese.

B．The French.

C．The Mexicans.

D．The Russians.

34. What does the author advise nurses to do about silence?

A．Let it continue as the patient pleases.

B．Break it while treating patients.

C．Evaluate its harm to patients.

D．

Make use of its healing effects.

34．D 细节理解题。根据末段末句“A nurse who understands the healing(治愈) value of silence can use this understanding to assist in the care of patients…”可知，作者建议护士用沉默的效果来帮助治疗病人。故选D 。[2016·全国卷Ⅱ]

D

A new collection of photos brings an unsuccessful Antarctic voyage back to life.

Frank Hurley's pictures would be outstanding—undoubtedly first-rate photo-journalism—if

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they had been made last week. In fact, they were shot from 1914 through 1916, most of them after a disastrous shipwreck(海难), by a cameraman who had no reasonable expectation of survival. Many of the images were stored in an ice chest, under freezing water, in the damaged wooden ship.

The ship was the Endurance, a small, tight, Norwegian-built three-master that was intended to take Sir Ernest Shackleton and a small crew of seamen and scientists, 27 men in all, to the southernmost shore of Antarctica's Weddell Sea. From that point Shackleton wanted to force a passage by dog sled(雪橇) across the continent. The journey was intended to achieve more than what Captain Robert Falcon Scott had done. Captain Scott had reached the South Pole early in 1912 but had died with his four companions on the march back.

As writer Caroline Alexander makes clear in her forceful and well-researched story The Endurance, adventuring was even then a thoroughly commercial effort. Scott's last journey, completed as he lay in a tent dying of cold and hunger, caught the world's imagination, and a film made in his honour drew crowds. Shackleton, a onetime British merchant-navy officer who had got to within 100 miles of the South Pole in 1908, started a business before his 1914 voyage to make money from movie and still photography. Frank Hurley, a confident and gifted Australian photographer who knew the Antarctic, was hired to make the images, most of which have never before been published.

13. What do we know about the photos taken by Hurley?

A. They were made last week.

B. They showed undersea sceneries.

C. They were found by a cameraman.

D. They recorded a disastrous adventure.

14. Who reached the South Pole first according to the text?

A. Frank Hurley.

B. Ernest Shackleton.

C. Robert Falcon Scott.

D. Caroline Alexander.

15. Wha t does Alexander think was the purpose of the 1914 voyage?

A. Artistic creation.

B. Scientific research.

C. Money making.

D. Treasure hunting.

【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文，主要介绍了Frank用图片使一次失败的南极航海活动重新进入人们

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的视野，让人们能够了解这次航海的许多信息。

[2016·全国卷Ⅲ]

B

On one of her trips to New York several years ago, Eudora Welty decided to take a couple of New York friends out to dinner. They settled in at a comfortable East Side cafe and within minutes, another customer was approaching their table.

“Hey, aren't you from Mississippi？” the elegant, white-haired writer remembered being asked by the stranger. “I'm from Mississippi too.”

Without a second thought, the woman joined the Welty party. When her dinner partner showed up, she also pulled up a chair.

“They began telling me all the news of Mississippi，” Welty said. “I didn't know what my New York friends were thinking.”

Taxis on a rainy New York night are rarer than sunshine. By the time the group got up to leave, it was pouring outside. Welty's new friends immediately sent a waiter to find a cab. Heading back downtown toward her hotel, her big-city friends were amazed at the turn of events that had changed their Big Apple dinner into a Mississippi state reunion(团聚).

“My friend said: ‘Now we believe your stories，’” Welty added. “And I said: ‘Now you know. These are the people that make me write them．’”

Sitting on a sofa in her room, Welty, a slim figure in a simple gray dress, looked pleased with this explanation.

“I don't make them up，” she said of the characters in her fiction these last 50 or so ye ars. “I don't have to.”

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Beauticians, bartenders, piano players and people with purple hats, Welty's people come from afternoons spent visiting with old friends, from walks through the streets of her native Jackson, Miss, from conversations overheard on a bus. It annoys Welty that, at 78, her left ear has now given out. Sometimes, sitting on a bus or a train, she hears only a fragment(片断) of a particularly interesting story.

5. What happened when Welty was with her friends at the cafe?

A. Two strangers joined her.

B. Her childhood friends came in.

C. A heavy rain ruined the dinner.

D. Some people held a party there.

7. What can we learn about the characters in Welty's fiction?

A. They live in big cities.

B. They are mostly women.

C. They come from real life.

D. They are pleasure seekers.

[2015·全国卷Ⅰ]

A

Monthly talks at London Canal Museum

Our monthly talks start at 19：30 on the first Thursday of each month except Aug ust. Admission is at normal charges and you don't need to book. They end around 21：00.

November_7th

The Canal Pioneers, by Chris Lewis. James Brindley is recognized as one of the leading early

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canal engineers. He was also a major player in training others in the art of canal planning and building. Chris Lewis will explain how Brindl ey made such a positive contribution to the education of that group of early “civil engineers”．

December_5th

Ice for the Metropolis, by Malcolm Tucker. Well before the arrival of freezers, there was a demand for ice for food preservation and catering. Malcolm will explain the history of importing natural ice and the technology of building ice wells, and how London's ice trade grew.

February_6th

An Update on the Cotswold Canals, by Liz Payne. The Stroudwater Canal is moving towards reopening. The Thames and Severn Canal will take a little longer. We will have a report on the present state of play.

March_6th

Eyots and Aits—Thames Islands, by Miranda Vickers. The Thames has many islands. Miranda has undertaken a review of all of them. She will tell us about those of greatest interest.

Online bookings：b09d6c58487302768e9951e79b89680203d86b91/book

More info：b09d6c58487302768e9951e79b89680203d86b91/whatson

London Canal Museum

12-13 New Wharf Road, London NI 9RT

b09d6c58487302768e9951e79b89680203d86b91 canalmuseum.mobi

Tel：020 7713 0836

21．When is the talk on James Brindley?

A．February 6th.

B．March 6th.

C．November 7th.

D．December 5th.

22. What is the topic of the talk in February?

A．The Canal Pioneers.

B．Ice for the Metropolis.

C．Eyots and Aits—Thames Islands.

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D．An Update on the Cotswold Canals.

23. Who will give the talk on the islands in the Thames?

A．Miranda Vickers.

B．Malcolm Tucker.

C．Chris Lewis.

Liz Payne.

D．

B

The freezing north-east hasn't been a terribly fun place to spend time this winter, so when the chance came for a weekend to Sarasota, Florida, my bags were packed before you could say “sunshine”. I left for the land of warmth and vitamin C(维生素C), thinking of beaches and orange trees. When we touched down to blue skies and warm air, I sent up a small prayer of gratefulness. Swimming pools, wine tasting, and pink sunsets(at normal evening hours, not 4 in the afternoon) filled the weekend, but the best part—particularly to my taste, dulled by months of cold-weather root vegetables—was a 7 am adventure to the Saraso ta farmers' market that proved to be more than worth the early wake-up call.

The market, which was founded in 1979, sets up its tents every Saturday from 7 am to 1 pm, rain or shine, along North Lemon and State streets. Baskets of perfect red strawberries; the red-painted sides of the Java Dawg coffee truck; and most of all, the tomatoes: amazing, large, soft and round red tomatoes.

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Disappointed by many a broken, vine-ripened(蔓上成熟的) promise, I've refused to buy winter tomatoes for years. No matter how attractive they look in the store, once I get them home they're unfailingly dry, hard, and tasteless. But I homed in, with uncertainty, on one particular table at the Brown's Grove Farm's stand, full of fresh and soft tomatoes the size of my fist. These were the real deal—and at that moment, I realized that the best part of Sarasota in winter was going to be eating things that back home in New York I wouldn't be experiencing again for months.

Delighted as I was by the tomatoes in sight, my happiness deepened when I learned that Brown's Grove Farm is one of the suppliers for Jack Dusty, a newly opened restaurant at the Sar asota Ritz Carlton, where—luckily for me—I was planning to have dinner that very night. Without even seeing the menu, I knew I'd be ordering every tomato on it.

24. What did the author think of her winter life in New York?

A．Exciting. B．Boring.

C．Relaxing. D．Annoying.

25. What made the author's getting up early worthwhile?

A．Having a swim.

B．Breathing in fresh air.

C．Walking in the morning sun.

D．Visiting a local farmers' market.

27. What was the author going to do that evening?

A．Go to a farm.

B．Check into a hotel.

C．Eat in a restaurant.

Buy fresh vegetables.

D．

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25．D 细节理解题。根据文章第一段最后一句可知，作者认为早上7点到当地的农产品市场是有意义的。故选D。

27．C 细节理解题。根据文章第四段中的“…a newly opened restaurant at the Sarasota Ritz Carlton, where—luckily for me—I was planning to have dinner that very night.”可知，作者那天晚上计划在餐馆吃饭。故选C。

[2015·全国卷Ⅰ]

C

Salva dor Dali (1904—1989) was one of the most popular of modern artists. The Pompidou Centre in Paris is showing its respect and admiration for the artist and his powerful personality with an exhibition bringing together over 200 paintings, sculptures, drawings and more. Among the works and masterworks on exhibition the visitor will find the best pieces, most importantly The Persistence of Memory. There is also L'Enigme sans Fin from 1938, works on pap er, objects, and projects for stage and screen and selected parts from television programmes reflecting the artist's showman qualities.

The visitor will enter the World of Dali through an egg and is met with the beginning, the world of birth. The exhibition follows a path of time and subject with the visitor exiting through the brain.

The exhibition shows how Dali draws the viewer between two infinities(无限). “From the infinity small to the infinity large, contraction and expansion coming in and out of focus: amazing Flemish accuracy a nd the showy Baroque of old painting that he used in his museum-theatre in Figueras，” explains the Pompidou Centre.

The fine selection of the major works was done in close collaboration(合作) with the Museo Nacional Reina Sofia in Madrid, Spain, and with contributions from other institutions like the Salvador Dali Museum in St. Petersburg, Florida.

28. Which of the following best describes Dali according to Paragraph 1?

A．Optimistic. B．Productive.

C．Generous. D．Traditional.

29. What is Dali's The Persistence of Memory considered to be?

A．One of his masterworks.

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