week6四级笔试模拟试卷3

week6四级笔试模拟试卷3

Part I Writing

1. 目前人们是否真的越来越少使用手写了 2. 打字在哪些方面能代替手写，哪些方面不能 3. 练习手写字（或书法）是否还有必要

Part II Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning)

Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions. For the first seven questions, choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). For the last three questions, complete the sentences with the information given in the passage.

A Healthy Mix of Rest and Motion

Some gym goers are tortoises (乌龟). They prefer to take their sweet time, leisurely riding or walking along

on a track. Others are rabbits, impatiently racing through miles at high speed. But new findings suggest that for at least one exercise a week it pays to be both tortoise and rabbit—changing between short bursts of hard exercise and easy easy-does-it recovery.

Weight watchers and those who simply want to increase their fitness (健康) all stand to gain. This fast-slow changing technique, called interval training, is hardly new. For decades, serious athletes have used it to improve performance. But new evidence suggests that an exercise with steep peaks and valleys can greatly improve heart fitness and raise the body's potential to burn fat.

Best of all, the benefits become evident in a matter of weeks.

\definitely renewed interest in interval training,\said Ed Coyle, the director of the human performance laboratory at the University of Texas at Austin.

A 2005 study published in the Journal of Applied Physiology (生理学) found that after just two weeks of interval training, six of the eight college-age men and women doubled their endurance, or the amount of time they could ride a bicycle at moderate speed before getting very tired.

Eight volunteers in a control group, who did not do any interval training, showed no improvement in endurance. Researchers at McMaster University in Hamilton, Ontario, had the exercisers run for 30 seconds, then either stop or ride gently for four minutes.

Such a sharp improvement in endurance after 15 minutes of intense cycling spread over two weeks was all the more surprising because the volunteers were already quite fit. They jogged, biked or did exercise two to three times a week.

Doing bursts of hard exercise not only improves heart fitness but also the body's ability to burn fat, even during slow or moderate exercises, according to a study published this month. Eight women in their early 20s cycled for 10 sets of four minutes of hard riding, followed by two minutes of rest. Over two weeks, they completed seven interval exercises.

After interval training, the amount of fat burned in an hour of continuous moderate cycling increased by 36 percent, said Jason L Talanian, the lead author of the study and an exercise scientist at the University of Guelph in Ontario. The ability of the heart and lungs to supply oxygen to working muscles improved by 13 percent. It didn't matter how fit the subjects were before. The college athletes had similar increases in fitness and fat burning. \a significant improvement,\

That said, this was a small study that lacked a control group, so more research would be needed to confirm that interval training was responsible.

Interval training isn't for everyone. \can put a strain on the heart, provoking a heart attack or stroke in people at risk,\professor of exercise science at Georgia State University in Atlanta.

For anyone with heart disease or high blood pressure—or who has joint health problems or is older than 60—experts say to consult a doctor before starting interval training.

Still, anyone in good health might consider doing interval training once or twice a week. Joggers can change between walking and running. Swimmers can complete a couple of fast races, then four more slowly.

There is no single accepted formula for the ratio between hard work and a moderate pace or resting. In fact, many coaches recommend varying the duration of activity and rest.

But some guidelines apply. The high-speed phase should be long and hard enough that a person is out of breath—typically one to four minutes of exercise at 80 to 85 percent of their maximum heart rate. Recovery periods should not last long enough for their pulse to return to its resting rate.

Also people should remember to warm up before the first interval. Coaches advise that people should not do interval work continuously. More than 24 hours between such sessions will allow the body to recover. What is so special about interval training? One advantage is that it allows exercisers to spend more time doing hard exercise than they could in a single effort. \remove some of the waste products of working muscles,\said Barry A Franklin, the director at the William Beaumont Hospital in Royal Oak, Mich.

To go hard, the body must use new parts of muscles. Once these parts are trained, they are available to burn fuel even during easy exercises. \body's ability to use and burn fat,\

Improved fat burning means endurance with which athletes can go further. It is also welcome news to anyone trying to lose weight or avoid gaining it. Unfortunately, many people aren't active enough to keep muscles healthy. By exercising and awakening new parts of muscle and increasing the body's ability to use fuel, interval training could potentially lower the risk of heart disease.

Interval training does amount to hard work, but the sessions can be short. Best of all, as an exercise that combines tortoise and rabbit, it leaves little time for boredom.

1. What does the \

A) The exercise of climbing mountains.

B) Switching from high-speed running to low-speed jogging. C) Switching from easy exercises to hard ones. D) Switching between hard exercises and easy ones. 2. What is the most significant benefit of interval training? A) It can burn more fat.

B) It can improve heart fitness. C) It helps people run faster.

D) It helps people run for longer time.

3. The effect of interval training would show after ________.

A) days B) weeks C) months

D) years

4. Which of the following words could best explain the word \

A) People who attend the experiment. C) Different purposes of the experiment.

B) Topics of the experiment.

D) Different exercises in the experiment.

5. What kind of people should consult a doctor before adopting interval training? A) Those with heart disease or high blood pressure. B) Those with joint health problems or under 60. C) Those who want to become better athletes. D) Those who want to lose weight.

6. Which of the following is true concerning the details of the exercise?

A) The high-speed phase should be as long as possible.

B) Recovery periods should last long enough for their pulse to return to its resting rate. C) People should remember to warm up before the first interval. D) People should do interval work continuously.

7. What is the advantage of training the body to use new parts of muscles?

A) Those parts will allow you spend more time doing hard exercise. B) Those parts will keep you healthy even without exercise. C) It helps people to build more muscles.

D) It enhances the body's ability to use and burn fat.

8. The rest period in interval training gives the body time to __________________________________.

9. Improved fat burning means endurance with which athletes can go further, which is a welcome news to

_______________________.

10. Best of all, interval training is an exercise that ________________________________________.

Part III Listening Comprehension

Section A

Directions: In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A), B), C) and D), and decide which is the best answer.

11. What does the woman mean?

A) She likes medical school. B) She does not like to go to school. C) Her father wants her to go to medical school.

D) She has a wide choice as her father is paying for her. 12. Where does this conversation probably take place?

A) In a store. B) In a resturant. C) In a pub. D) In one's home. 13. What will Jack probably do?

A) He'll keep the ball. B) He'll try himself.

C) He'll pass the ball to the woman. D) He'll pass the ball to Sam. 14. What does the man like to read?

A) The columns. B) The sport news.

C) The news about movies. D) The news about movie stars. 15. What does Tom think of his new partner?

A) He's not hard-working. B) He is a good actor.

C) He knows well about Shakespeare. D) He is not good at the Shakespearean plays. 16. What does the man mean?

A) When a man grows old, he would stop laughing. B) Old age would make one lose the ability to laugh. C) Laughing makes people young.

D) Only when a man becomes old would he lose the sense of humor. 17. What can we learn from the conversation? A) The woman likes the man's new tie. B) The man likes the woman's new dress.

C) The two people always agree on each other's choices of clothes. D) The two people do not have the same taste. 18. What is the man's attitude about the champion? A) He is surprised. B) He's not surprised.

C) He believes someone else can win this year. D) He believes the champion would win forever.

19. How many books has the woman written and how many prizes has she won? A) She wrote 10 books and won 3 prizes. B) She wrote 12 books and won 10 prizes. C) She wrote 12 books and won 3 prizes. D) She wrote 10 books and won 10 prizes.

20. What is the woman surprised about concerning her last book?

A) She's surprised that it won the prize, but it did not sell well.

B) She's surprised that it was a best-seller, and also favored by the critics. C) She's surprised that it won the prize.

D) She's surprised that the critics liked it but the public did not. 21. Is the woman willing to see her book turned into a movie? A) Yes, she enjoys watching movies.

B) No, she has never met any screenwriters.

C) Yes, Hollywood will help her make more money. D) No, she hates to have her book changed a lot. 22. What damage did the snow storm cause?

A) It caused the collapse of a building and three deaths. B) It caused the collapse of a building and three injuries. C) It caused a roof collapse and three deaths. D) It caused a roof collapse and three injuries. 23. How long will the snow storm last?

A) It will last for three days. B) It will last till the next Monday. C) It will stop tomorrow. D) They don't know. 24. What is true about Jenny?

A) She will arrive next Monday. B) She has been away since graduation. C) She will arrive in three days. D) She has never been here before. 25. What is the possible relationship between the two speakers?

A) Friends. B) Travel mates. C) An old couple. D) Neighbors. Part III Listening Comprehension Section B

Directions: In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D).

The Origin of Sports

When did sport begin? If sport is, basically, play, the claim might be made that sport is much older than humankind, for, as we all have observed, the beasts play. Dogs and cats fight and play ball games. Fishes and birds dance. The monkeys have simple, happy games. Infants at play, school children playing tag, and adult arm wrestlers are demonstrating strong, trans-generational and trans-species bonds with the universe of animals—past, present and future. Young animals, particularly, fall, chase, run, fight, imitate and laugh (or so it seems) to the point of delighted fatigue. Their play, and ours, appears to serve no other purpose than to give pleasure to the players, and apparently, to remove us for a moment from the suffering of life in earnest.

Some philosophers have claimed that our playfulness is the noblest part of our basic nature. In their generous conceptions, play harmlessly and experimentally permits us to put our creative forces, fantasy and imagination into action. Play is release from the tedious battles against lack and decline which are the endless, and inevitable, tragedies of life. This is a grand conception that excites and provokes. The holders of this view claim that the origins of our highest accomplishments—ritual, literature and law—can be traced to a play impulse which, interestingly, we see most purely enjoyed by young beasts and children. Our sports, in this rather happy view of human nature, are more splendid creations of the non-datable, trans-species play impulse.

26. What might be the reasons of animals' play?

A) To practice how to fight. B) To see which one is the strongest. C) To get pleasure. D) To learn to deal with others.

27. Why do philosophers say that our playfulness is the noblest part of our basic nature? A) It makes us filled with imagination.

B) It permits us to put our creative forces into action. C) It inspires more fantasies. D) It helps us enjoy life.

28. How does sport relate to the human accomplishments of ritual, literature and law?

A) They all require justice. C) They can all be traced to a play impulse. B) They are all beneficial to our life. D) They can all give us pleasure.

Sub-urbanization

If by \

sub-urbanization began during the appearance of the industrial city in the second quarter of the 19th century. Before that period, the city was a small highly compact zone in which people moved about on foot and goods were conveyed by horse and cart. But the early factories built in the 1840s were located along rivers and near rail stations at the edges of cities, and housing was needed for the thousands of people drawn by the prospect of employment. In time, the factories were surrounded by rapidly increasing mill towns of apartments and row houses that were close to the older, main cities. As a defense against this new drive and to enlarge their tax bases, the cities appropriated their industrial neighbors. In 1854, for example, the city of Philadelphia integrated most of Philadelphia County. Similar urban movements took place in Chicago and in New York. Indeed, most great cities of the United States achieved such status only by unifying the communities along their borders. In 1888, the first commercially successful electric traction line was developed. Within a few years the carts drawn by horses were retired and electric streetcar networks crossed and connected every major urban area, fostering a wave of sub-urbanization that transformed the compact industrial city into a really great one. 29. When did the process of sub-urbanization begin?

A) During the appearance of city in the beginning of the 19th century.

B) During the developed stage of the industrial city in the early 20th century.

C) During the appearance of the industrial city in the second quarter of the 19th century. D) During the development of rural areas in the second quarter of the 19th century. 30. How did most great cities of the United States achieve their status? A) By building more factories along the line.

B) By unifying the communities along their borders. C) By absorbing more people from far and near. D) By enlarging their tax basis.

31. In which year was the first commercially successful electric traction line developed? A) 1840. B) 1854. C) 1878. D) 1888.

Skyscrapers and Environment

In the late 1960s, many people in North America turned their attention to environmental problems, and new steel-and-glass skyscrapers were widely criticized. Ecologists pointed out that a group of tall buildings in a city often over-burdens public transportation and parking lot capacities.

Skyscrapers are also lavish consumers, and wasters, of electric power. In one recent year, the addition of 17 million square feet of skyscraper office space in New York City raised the peak daily demand for electricity by 120,000 kilowatts—enough to supply the entire city of Albany, New York, for a day.

Glass-walled skyscrapers can be especially wasteful. The heat loss (or gain) through a wall of half-inch plate glass is more than 10 times that through a typical brick wall filled with board that absorbs heat. To reduce the strain on heating and air-conditioning equipment, builders of skyscrapers have begun to use double-glazed panels of glass, and reflective glasses coated with silver or gold mirror films that reduce bright light as well as heat gain. However, mirror-walled skyscrapers raise the temperature of the surrounding air and affect neighboring buildings.

Skyscrapers put a severe strain on a city's sanitation facilities, too. If fully occupied, the two World Trade Center towers in New York City would alone generate 2.25 million gallons of waste each year—as much as a city the size of Stanford, Connecticut, which has a population of more than 109,000. 32. When was the first time that steel-and-glass skyscrapers were widely criticized? A) In the 1960s. B) In the 1970s. C) In the 1980s. D) In the 1990s. 33. What is true about the glass-walls of the skyscrapers? A) More heat is lost or gained through the walls. B) The walls themselves absorb more heat.

C) Mirror-walls prevent the temperature of the surrounding air from rising.

本文来源：https://www.bwwdw.com/article/o2lv.html