新标准大学英语4unit 4 key

Unit 4

Active reading (1)

4 Match the words in the box with their definitions.

1 the action or process of buying or selling something (transaction) 2 to some degree, but not completely or extremely (fairly)

3 a written or spoken statement in which someone says that they are not satisfied with something (complaint)

4 to inform someone officially about something (notify) 5 happy and satisfied with your life (contented)

6 information that makes people notice a person, product etc (publicity) 7 to fail to do something that would have been helpful or honest (omit)

8 very expensive, and therefore available only to people who have a lot of money (exclusive)

9 difficult or impossible to exist or do something without (indispensable) 10 to trick someone by behaving in a dishonest way (deceive)

5 Complete the paragraph with the correct form of the words in Activity 4.

If you’re going to study in the UK, a bank account is (1) indispensible. That’s because for(2) transactions involving large sums of money you need to pay by bank transfer, or by cheque. It’s(3) fairly obvious you can’t carry large amounts of cash around with you all the time. So you need to choose a bank. And that’s not easy, because these days you hear more (4) complaints than appreciation of the services they provide. They all spend a lot of money on (5) publicity trying to attract students, whom

they see as an investment for their own future. Some of them offer (6) exclusive free gifts like designer T-shirts or stylish pens to secure your custom. But don’t be (7) deceived by these offers. A (8) contented customer is someone who knows they can rely on their bank to (9) notify them when conditions change, and not to (10) omit to tell them when interest rates on overdrafts or credit card repayments have been increased.

6 Replace the underlined words with the correct form of the words in the box. 1 My car is very inexpensive to run – it uses LPG instead of petrol. (economical) 2 When I saw Brian in his new sports car I felt a bit unhappy that he had something which I didn’t have.(jealous)

3 Our relationship is not serious or deep; we just say hello to each other when we meet, and that’s it.(superficial)

4 You’re likely to have a lot of repayments to make if you go on spending like that. (liable)

5 I like this coffee. It has a rather different and easy-to-recognize taste. (distinctive) 6 We have exchanged a number of letters about the best way to pay back the debt. (correspondence)

7 The important thing is to exercise some self-control when using a credit card.

(restraint)

8 It reminds me of that lovely story about the evil giant who turns out to be afraid of his own shadow.(delightful; wicked)

7 Answer the questions about the words and expressions. Bababaaaa

Active reading (2)

The Key to Wedded Bliss? Money matters 3 Work in pairs. Check (?) the advice which is given to couples. 34578

4 Choose the best answer to the questions. Badadd

Dealing with unfamiliar words

5 Match the words in the box with their definitions.

1 a system of words, numbers or signs used for sending secret messages (code) 2 a senior manager in a business or other organization (executive) 3 a husband or wife (spouse)

4 rich and successful (prosperous) 5 a major benefit (asset)

6 felt or done in the same way by each of two or more people (mutual)

7 likely to have a good relationship because of being similar, or able to exist together (compatible)

8 having an extremely close relationship (intimate)

9 to be an expert in a particular part of a subject or profession (specialize) 10 money that you have saved in a bank or invested so that you can use it later (savings)

6 Complete the sentences with the correct form of the words in Activity 5. 1 Ken Hu is now an executive in a company which specializes in giving advice to private investors.

2 Although the programme was compatible with my computer, the instructions were written in code, so I was unable to understand anything.

3 It is obviously an asset to a marriage if each spouse has a sensible attitude towards money.

4 Let’s try to create a more prosperous future by planning ahead and agreeing on mutual goals.

5 We are intimate friends, but I don’t know how many savings they have in the bank.

7 Answer the questions about the words. Aaababaa

8 Answer the questions about the phrases. Baabaabb

Language in use

1 Write the verbs which mean:

1 to take people somewhere by bus (bus) 2 to write a text message to someone (text)

3 to go to parties and have fun eating, drinking, dancing etc (party) 4 to convert a cheque into cash (cash)

5 to pass something into someone’s hands (hand) 6 to give someone something as a gift (gift) 7 to put money into the bank (bank)

2 Complete the sentences using the correct form of the verbs you formed in Activity 1.

1 I’m afraid I can’t cash this for you, it hasn’t been signed.

2 Did you expect them to gift you the computer instead of getting you to pay for it? 3 After the match they bussed us all home. 4 I will text you as soon as I get to the station.

5 She handed me a copy of the report before the start of the meeting. 6 I advise you to bank all that money lying on your desk.

7 I’m exhausted. I’ve spent the whole of this week partying and having a good time.

prone / liable / subject + to

3 Rewrite the sentences using prone / liable / subject + to .

1 The train is often delayed on Sunday evenings.

The train is liable to delays on Sunday evenings. (There are staffing problems at weekends, especially on Sunday evenings.)

The train is subject to delays on Sunday evenings. (There are particular regulations about Sunday travel.)

2 Zak is a child who often has accidents.

Zak is a child who is prone to accidents. (They are not his fault, he just seems accident-prone.)

Zak is liable to have accidents. (He is careless and just doesn’t listen to advice about safety.)

3 She frequently gets headaches.

She is prone to headaches. (She will see a doctor to see if there is a medical reason but we don’t know the cause yet.)

She is liable to get headaches. (Because those young children next door make so much noise.)

4 The loan requires a check on your financial situation.

The loan is subject to a check on your financial situation. (This is a legal requirement or a company regulation.)

5 Joe is a person who often arrives late.

Joe is liable to arrive late. (That’s Joe for you; you know him – never even tries to arrive on time!)

Joe is prone to arrive late. (He lives near the river and the road is often flooded during this season so he may have to go by another route which takes much longer.) 6 She may well break the rules in order to get what she wants.

She is liable to break the rules to get what she wants. (She doesn’t care about rules and she is rather selfish and ambitious.)

where

4 Rewrite the sentences using where .

1 We may get to a situation in which rising taxes make it hard to be profitable. We may get to a situation where rising taxes make it hard to be profitable. 2 This is the point with which I disagree. This is a point where I disagree.

3 My internship was an interesting experience during which I learnt how to deal with customers.

My internship was an interesting experience where I learnt how to deal with customers.

4 This is the point in the year at which they usually give everyone a bonus. This is a point in the year where they usually give everyone a bonus.

5 Many people are now in a situation in which they cannot pay their debts. Many people are now in a situation where they cannot pay their debts. 6 I work in an office in which everyone feels at home. I work in an office where everyone feels at home.

collocations

5 Complete the sentences with suitable expressions from the collocation box. Sometimes more than one collocation is possible.

1 We were pushed out of the market by the tough competition.

2 All he really wants is a steady job to provide him with a regular income. 3 You made a smart decision when you left that company.

4 He’s been having a rather tough time lately, since he lost his job.

5 We use smart technology throughout the building. Everything is controlled by a central computer.

6 You’ve made a really valuable contribution to our organization, and we will miss you.

7 She gave me the most valuable advice about investments that I have ever had.

8 There is a dress code in most banks, and you will be expected to wear smart clothes. 9 Theirs is a very steady relationship. I expect they’ll get married quite soon.

6 Translate the paragraphs into Chinese. 如今，尽管我们大多数人是因相爱而结婚，婚姻从根本上讲仍然是金钱上的

结合。不管是选择工作的努力程度，还是决定消费多少或储蓄多少，我们生活中想要得到的——或不想得到的——许多东西归根结底都跟钱有关。对一些人来说，就是一周工作80小时来支付第三套房的房款和乡村俱乐部的会员费；对另一些人来说，意味着缩短上班时间，花更多的时间陪伴家人。

―有关钱的许多争论都事关生活方式的原则问题，而生活方式的许多选择则与如何花钱密切相关。‖宾夕法尼亚大学沃顿商学院的商业及公共政策助理教授贝齐·史蒂文森如是说，他研究婚姻和离婚经济学。 专家们说，夫妻一起共同做出这些选择是维护婚姻资产及婚姻关系的最重要的方法之一。当然，如果夫妻双方一开始就在钱的问题上看法相似，或者至少能够在钱的问题上相互妥协，那么 事情就好办多了。

7 Translate the paragraphs into English.

When it comes to the effects of the current economic downturn, the decrease of student activities is a good case in point. To enliven campus life, the university is always willing to carve out money for activities organized by student clubs and societies, but such sponsorships have been pared down this year because of huge budget cut. Apparently, student organizations need to weather their own financial crisis if they want to recover from their current state of inactiveness. Some suggest enrolling more club members, on the ground that the consequent increase of membership fees may help them get out of the difficulty.

No doubt, if we have more members paying the annual fee, and if we cut back on our daily expenses, we can spare some money for organizing activities. But the bottom line is that the expenses of these activities are in proportion to the number of participants. I’m afraid this won’t be of much help. To boost student activities and to avoid going into the red, we still need to pool our ideas and come up with some

other ways of raising money, in lieu of relying only on university grants and membership fees.

有一件事我得坦白。几年前，我排队为家人取戏票时，我的朋友也在为她的家人取票。我拿到了戏票，用信用卡付了帐，对这种非现金交易的便利感到很满意。然后就轮到她付款了，整个交易进行得和我的一样顺利，但我的高兴劲儿很快就变成了莫大的羞耻：我的信用卡太寒酸了，是不显示身份地位的黑蓝色，而她的信用卡则是高级的金卡。

她是怎样弄到金卡的？怎么会这样呢？我知道我挣的比她多，我的车比她的车新，我的家比她的家漂亮，她怎么看起来显得比我光鲜呢？

我有一份跟那时候任何工作相比还算安定的工作——即不太安定的工作，不过我也没什么可抱怨的。我是通过按揭贷款买的房子，可那会儿谁买房不贷款呢？我每个月底都付清信用卡欠款。所以，虽然从技术上讲我欠过信用卡公司的钱，但只是欠几个星期而已。所以我认为我的信用等级应该很高。 你可以说我肤浅，我也不感到自豪。但就在当时当地我突然非常嫉妒那位朋友，我决定不要蓝色信用卡了，我要一张金卡。金卡突然变得不可或缺，它让我自我感觉良好，让别人觉得我更有魅力。

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