常见职位、职务英文译名

更新时间:2024-07-12 03:39:01 阅读量: 综合文库 文档下载

说明:文章内容仅供预览,部分内容可能不全。下载后的文档,内容与下面显示的完全一致。下载之前请确认下面内容是否您想要的,是否完整无缺。

常见职位、职务英文译名

摘要:无论是在你出国前准备各种材料、办理各种手续,还是在您来到异国需要求职或申请入学,您肯定要经常用到一些职位、职业的名称。找找看,您现在的职位英文怎么说?您想从事的国外职业的中文名称又是什么? Accounting Assistant 会计助理 Accounting Clerk 记帐员 Accounting Manager 会计部经理 Accounting Stall 会计部职员 Accounting Supervisor 会计主管 Administration Manager 行政经理 Administration Staff 行政人员 Administrative Assistant 行政助理 Administrative Clerk 行政办事员

Advertising Staff 广告工作人员

Airlines Sales Representative 航空公司定座员 Airlines Staff 航空公司职员

Application Engineer 应用工程师 Assistant Manager 副经理 Bond Analyst 证券分析员 Bond Trader 证券交易员

Business Controller 业务主任 Business Manager 业务经理 Buyer 采购员 Cashier 出纳员

Chemical Engineer 化学工程师 Civil Engineer 土木工程师

Clerk/Receptionist 职员/接待员

Clerk Typist & Secretary 文书打字兼秘书

Computer Data Input Operator 计算机资料输入员 Computer Engineer 计算机工程师

Computer Processing Operator 计算机处理操作员 Computer System Manager 计算机系统部经理 Copywriter 广告文字撰稿人

Deputy General Manager 副总经理

Economic Research Assistant 经济研究助理 Electrical Engineer 电气工程师 Engineering Technician 工程技术员 English Instructor/Teacher 英语教师 Export Sales Manager 外销部经理 Export Sales Staff 外销部职员

Financial Controller 财务主任 Financial Reporter 财务报告人

F.X. (Foreign Exchange) Clerk 外汇部职员

F.X. Settlement Clerk 外汇部核算员 Fund Manager 财务经理 General Auditor 审计长

General Manager/President 总经理

General Manager Assistant 总经理助理

General Manager‘s Secretary 总经理秘书 Hardware Engineer (计算机)硬件工程师 Import Liaison Staff 进口联络员 Import Manager 进口部经理 Insurance Actuary 保险公司理赔员 International Sales Staff 国际销售员 Interpreter 口语翻译

Legal Adviser 法律顾问

Line Supervisor 生产线主管

Maintenance Engineer 维修工程师 Management Consultant 管理顾问

Manager 经理

Manager for Public Relations 公关部经理

Manufacturing Engineer 制造工程师 Manufacturing Worker 生产员工 Market Analyst 市场分析员

Market Development Manager 市场开发部经理

Marketing Manager 市场销售部经理 Marketing Staff 市场销售员 Marketing Assistant 销售助理 Marketing Executive 销售主管

Marketing Representative 销售代表

Marketing Representative Manager 市场调研部经理 Mechanical Engineer 机械工程师 Mining Engineer 采矿工程师 Music Teacher 音乐教师 Naval Architect 造船工程师 Office Assistant 办公室助理 Office Clerk 职员

Operational Manager 业务经理 Package Designer 包装设计师

Passenger Reservation Staff 乘客票位预订员 Personnel Clerk 人事部职员 Personnel Manager 人事部经理 Plant/Factory Manager 厂长 Postal Clerk 邮政人员

Private Secretary 私人秘书

Product Manager 生产部经理 Production Engineer 产品工程师 Professional Staff 专业人员 Programmer 电脑程序设计师

Project Staff (项目)策划人员 Promotional Manager 推销部经理 Proof-reader 校对员

Purchasing Agent 采购(进货)员 Quality Control Engineer 质量管理工程师 Real Estate Staff 房地产职员

Recruitment Coordinator 招聘协调人

Regional Manger 地区经理

Research & Development Engineer 研究开发工程师 Restaurant Manager 饭店经理

Sales and Planning Staff 销售计划员 Sales Assistant 销售助理 Sales Sales Sales Sales

Clerk 店员、售货员 Coordinator 销售协调人 Engineer 销售工程师 Executive 销售主管

Sales Manager 销售部经理 Salesperson 销售员

Seller Representative 销售代表 Sales Supervisor 销售监管

School Registrar 学校注册主任 Secretarial Assistant 秘书助理 Secretary 秘书

Securities Custody Clerk 保安人员 Security Officer 安全人员

Senior Accountant 高级会计

Senior Consultant/Adviser 高级顾问 Senior Employee 高级雇员 Senior Secretary 高级秘书 Service Manager 服务部经理

Simultaneous Interpreter 同声传译员

Software Engineer (计算机)软件工程师 Supervisor 监管员

Systems Adviser 系统顾问 Systems Engineer 系统工程师

Systems Operator 系统操作员

Technical Editor 技术编辑 Technical Translator 技术翻译 Technical Worker 技术工人

Telecommunication Executive 电讯(电信)员

Telephonist/Operator 电话接线员、话务员 Tourist Guide 导游

Trade Finance Executive 贸易财务主管 Trainee Manager 培训部经理 Translation Checker 翻译核对员 Translator 翻译员

Trust Banking Executive 银行高级职员 Typist 打字员

Word Processing Operator 文字处理操作员

关于“英文简历”

作者:未知 文章来源:旺旺英语 点击数: 更新时间:2004-12-14

英文简历的几种常见形式

英语简历并无固定不变的单一形式,应聘者完全可以根据个人的具体情况来确定采用何种形式,灵活设计。一般来说,根据个人经历的不同侧重点,可以选用以下三种形式: (1)以学历为主的简历 basic resume 这种形式适应于应届毕业生或中学毕业后仍在待业的求职人员,因为没有工作经历,所以把重点放在学业上,从最高学历往下写。 在basic resume中,一般包括下列元素:

a. personal date(个人资料):name(姓名)、address(通讯地址)、postal code(邮政编码)、phone number(电话号码)、birthdate(出生日期)、birthplace(出生地点)、sex(性别)、height(身高)、weight(体重)、health(健康状况)、date of availability(可到职日期)、number of identification card(身份证号码)。因为是应届毕业生或中学毕业不久,一般没有结婚,因而可省略marital status(婚姻状况)和children(儿女情况)两项。当然,如果是研究生毕业已婚,则应写明。

b. job/career objective(应聘职位)。

c. education(学历):就读学校及系科的名称、学位、始止时间和应聘职位相关的课程与成绩、社会实践、课外活动、奖励等都应一一列出。 d. special skill(特别技能)。

e. hobbies/interests(业余爱好)。如果在学历项目的课外活动中已经注明,此项则不必重复。

(2)以经历为主的简历 chronological resume 以这种形式出现的英语简历,往往侧重于工作经历,把同应聘职位有关的经历和业绩按时间顺序书写出来,把工作经历放在学历之前。经历和学历的时间顺序均是由近至远。 毫无疑问,这种形式的英语简历适合于有工作经验的求职人员。 在chronological resume中,通常包括以下元素:

a. personal date(个人资料)。具体内容同以学历为主的简历相同,不过,因为你参加工作多年,已进入结婚年龄,所以不管你是否结婚,都应注明婚姻状况和儿女情况。 b. job/career objective(应聘职位)。 c. work experience(工作经历)。务必写明自己在每个工作单位的职位、职责和业绩以及工作起止时间。

d. education(学历):因为你已工作多年,雇主重点考虑你的工作经验是否能胜任你所应聘的职位,所以学历只是一个参考的因素,因而不必象以学历为主的简历那样写得详细,只需注明你就读的校系名称、始止时间和学位即可。

e. technical qualifications and special skills(技术资格和特别技能)。 f. scientific research achievements(科研成果)。 (3)以职能为主的简历 functional resume

这种形式的英语简历,也是突出工作经历,因而所含元素和以经历为主的简历相同。以经历为主的简历和以职能为主的简历的根本差别在于:以经历为主的简历是按时间顺序来排列工作经历,而以职能为主的简历则按工作职能或性质来概括工作经历,并无时间上的连贯性,旨在强调某些特定的工作能力和适应程度。比方说,你曾经在两个不同的工作单位担任相同的职务或负责相同的业务,便可归纳在一个项目之中。例如: functional summary of work experience purchasing manager:

july 1984 to may 1986 guangzhou friendship store december 1988 to september 1990 nanfeng departmentstore sales manager:

june 1986 to november 1988 dongshan departmentstore october 1990 to february 1993 guangzhou departmentstore increased turnover by 25% in 1992 and by 30% in 1993. 工作经历的职能概述:

采购部经理:

1984年7月至1986年5月 广州友谊商店 1988年12月至1990年9月 南丰商场 销售部经理:

1986年6月至1988年11月 东山百货大楼

1990年10月至1993年2月 广州百货大楼

1992年提高了25%的营业额,1993年提高了30%的营业额。 work experience:

8/1987-10/1989 shandong light industrial productsimport and export corp. 11/1989-4/1992 guangdong light industrial productsimport and export corp. work covered: international marketingimporting sport shoes from italy.

decreased purchasing cost by 10-15% between 1988 and 1989.

exporting rain boots to europe. in-creased profit by 15-20% between 1990 and 1991. 工作经历:

1987年8月至1989年10月 山东轻工业品进出口集团公司 1989年11月至1992年4月 广东轻工业进出口集团公司 工作范围:国际营销

从意大利进口运动鞋。1988年1989年之间降低购买成本10-15%。

往欧洲出口雨鞋。在1990年和1991年之间增加利润15-20%。

基本商务短语

作者:未知 文章来源:旺旺英语 点击数: 更新时间:2004-12-14

abandonment charge 背弃 费用 absolute par of exchange 绝对 外汇 平价 abritrage rate 套汇 汇率 above par 超过 票面 价值 acceptance commission 承兑 手续费 acceptance fee 认付费 acceptance for honor 参加 承兑 acceptance house 期票 承兑行 acceptor for honor 参加 承兑人 accepting bank 承兑 银行 accepting charge 承兑费

accident beyond control 非人为 事故

account payable 应收帐,应付 未付帐 account purchase 赊买

account receivable 应收 帐款,应收 未收帐 account sales 销货帐,销货 清单 account of goods sold 销货 帐目

account of receipts and payments 收支 帐目 account year 会计 年度 accounting statement 会计 报表 accounting unit 会计 单位 accrued expense 应计 费用 accrued item 应计 项目 accumulation of capital 资本 积累 acknowledgement 回单 acknowledgement of orders 订单 确认 act of God 天灾 acting manager 代理 经理 active demand 畅销 actual cost 实际 成本 actual liabilities 实际 负债 actual price 实际价 additional expense 追加 费用 additional order 追加 订货 additional premium 追加 保费 adjustment of exchange rate 调整 汇价 advalorem duty 从价税

advance in price 涨价 advance payment 预付款 advance price 增价 advance sample 预样 advance settlement of exchange 预交 外汇

advance surrender of export exchange 预交 出口 外汇 advice of arrival 到货 通知 advice of charge 付款 通知书 advice of shipment 货运 通知 advice of drawing 支票 通知书 advising bank (notifying bank) 通知 银行 advertisement matter 广告 邮件

advertising agency 广告社、广告 代理 advertising expense 广告费

advertising media 广告 媒体

affiliated company 附属 公司,联盟 公司 after charge 附加 费率

after date 日后,发票后 after sight 见票后 照付 affidavit of export 出口 宣誓书

A grade 甲级(货品) against all risks 保全险

agency agreement 代理 协议 agency contract 代理 契约 agent service 代理 服务 agreed upon 同意,商定 agricultural products 农产品 air-borne goods 空运 货物 air freight 航空 运费 air mail 航空 邮件 air-mail service 航空 运寄 air transportation insurance 空运 保险

all risk 全险

all round price 包括 一切 费用 价格 all sorts of goods in stock 各种 货物 齐备 allied company 联营 公司 alongside delivery 船边 交货 allowance on sales 销货 折口 alter an agreement 变约 amicable allowance 友好 让价 amicable settlement 友好 解决 amount insured 保险 金额 amount of exports 输出额 amount of imports 输入额

analysis certificate 化验 证书 analysis report 化验 报告 announcing removal 迁移 通知 annual income 年收入 annual interest 年息,年利

annual production 年产量

annual report 年报,决算书,年度 财务 报告 anticipated buying 预期 购买 applicant for the credit 信用证 申请人 application fee 申请费 application for conversion 折换 申请书 application for export permit 出口 许可证 申请书

application for import of foreign goods 外货 进口 报单

application for importation of controlled commodities 管制 货物 进口 申请书 application for letter of credit 开发 信用证 申请书

application for negotiation of draft under letter of credit 出口 押汇 申请书 application for outward remittance for application for space 舱位 申请书 application to pass goods through the custom 报关单 apply by letter 通信 申请 apply in person 亲自 申请 apply for a position 申请 职位 apply for information 探询 消息 apply for remittance 托汇

appointed store 指定 商店 appreciation of money 货币 增值 arbitrage of exchange 套汇

arbitration clause 仲裁 条款 arbitration of exchange 汇兑率 裁定 army supplies 军需品 arrival at port 入港 arrival notice 到达 通知 articles made to order 订制品 articles of luxury 奢侈品 artificial flower 人造花

as agreed (contracted) 按照 合同

as per sample 与 样品 相同 Asian-dollar market 亚洲 美元 市场 ask the price of 询价

assignment clause 转让 条款 assignment of policy 保险单 转让 assistant manager 协理,副经理 as soon as possible shipment 立即 送运 at a discount 折扣

at a premium 超过 票面 之 价值

at a profit 获利,赚钱 at sight 见票 即付,即期 at the market 照 市价 at par 平价 auction price 拍卖价 authority to purchase 购买 委托证 authority to pay 委托 付款证 average cost 平均 成本 average tare 平均 皮重 average unit cost 平均 单位 成本 average unit price 平均 单价 average weight 平均 重量 award of bid 决标,定标

美语与英语在国际商务方面的差异—日期、数字表达方面 作者:未知 文章来源:互联网 点击数: 更新时间:2004-12-14

在日期方面,美英的表达方式是有差别的。以日为先,月份为后,此为英国式,美国式则与此相反。如一九九六年三月二日的写法:

2nd March, 1996(英) March 2, 1996(美)

在美式的写法中,1st, 2nd, 3rd的st, nd, rd是不使用的。由于日期书面表达不同,读法也不一样。如1987年4月20日,英式的写法是20th April, 1987,读成the twentieth of April, nineteen eighty-seven;美式的表达是April 20, 1987,则读成April the twentieth, nineteen eighty-seven。同样,全部用数字表达日期时,英美也有差别。1998年5月6日按照英国式应写成6/5/98,而按照美国式应写成5/6/98;01.08.1998是英国式的1998年8月1日,按照美国的表达方式却是1998年1月8日,美国的1998年8月1日应写成08,01,1998。因此,全部使用数字来表示日期时,往往发生误解,在商务活动中必须谨慎使用。 表达百万以上的数字概念英美的差别甚大,如one billion英语指的是\万亿\兆\,而美语则只\十亿\;one trillion英语晨相当于million million million=1018,是百万兆,在美语里却相当于英国英语的one billion,是\万亿\、\兆\。 在数字口头表达方面,两国也存在着差别。$175(175美元)英语读成a(one) hundred and seventy five dollars,美语读成one hundred seventy five dollars,常省略and;表达连续同样数字的号码时,英语习惯用double或triple,美语一般不这样用,如电话号码320112,英语读成three two zero, double one two,美语则读成three two zero one one two, 999 234英语读成nine double nine (triple nine) two three four,美语则读成nine nine nine two three four,不过美国人也把连续三个相同的号码读成three 加上这个数字的复数形式,如999读成three nines。

美语与英语在国际商务方面的差异—商务英语书信方面

作者:未知 文章来源:互联网 点击数: 更新时间:2004-12-14

商务英语书信(Business or Commercial English Correspondence)是指交易时所使用的通信。在美国,常用Business writing,它包括书信、电报、电话、电传、报告书、明信片等。 英语和美语在书信体例方面存在着一定的差异,比如信头和称呼、书信格式、遣词、结尾客套语等均有所不同。一般来说,英国书信较为保守,许多英国人喜欢用老式书信体,用词较为正式刻板,而美国书信语言非常生气、有活力,格式也较为简便。因此当我们写信的对象是英国或其旧殖民地国家时,要使用标准式英语Queen's English;如果写信的对象是美国或美国势力范围的地区时,就要用美国英语。当然,英国式的语言文化近年来也有变化,但总体来说,两者间的差异是很明显的。

商业英文书信,一般都要求用打字机或电脑整齐地打印,左边各行开头垂直的,称为垂直式或齐头式(Block style),美国常用这种格式;每段的第一个词缩进去,称为缩进式或锯齿式(indented style),英国常用此格式。垂直式的职务及签名都在左边的边栏界线,这种格式,在极度尊重工作效率的美国公司,已普遍采用。

正式的商业英语书信要在称呼的上方写上收信公司名称和地址或收信人的名字全称、职务及地址,称为信内地址(Inside address)。信内地址的写法也有垂直式和缩进式之分,垂直式和称美国式将各行并列,缩进式或称英国式将各行依次退缩。不过,笔者注意到,近来英国商业书信信内地址并未依次缩进,似乎与美国式相同。此外,在美国还流行一种普通收信人地址的写法,就是在书信的Inside Address中,把门牌号和街名都省略掉。 在英文书信中要使用敬语,最普遍的敬语是Mr, Mrs和Miss(用于未婚女性)。英国人常在男性的姓名之后用Esq. (Esquire的缩写),不过在商业上也在慢慢地改用Mr. Mmes. (Madam的复数形式),用于二个女士以上。Messrs(Mr的复数形式)用于二个以上的男人,或用于二个以上的男人组成的公司或团体。在英国式英文信里,Mr, Mrs, Messrs,均不加缩写句点,相反地趋向于进步自由的美语反而加缩写句点如Mr., Mrs., Messrs.。

在称呼方面,商业上最普遍的有Gentlemen(美国式)与Dear Sirs(英国式)二种,相当于我国的\敬启者\或\谨启者\。如果信是写给革个公司单位的,不是写给某个具体人的,美语用Gentlemen(复数形式),英语用Dear Sirs。如果对方公司只一人时,必须使用Sir/Dear Sir。称呼后一般要使用标点符号,英国式采用逗号(comma),美国式用分号(colon)。 书信结尾客套语(complimentary close)有多种,相当于我国书信在结尾时使用的\敬礼\、\致敬\、\顺安\等句。最为典型的美国式写法是Sincerely和Best regards,典型的英国式表达有Yours sincerely(熟人或知道对方姓名),Best wishes, kind regards 和yours faithfully(不知姓名)。此外,英国式的客套语还有特别礼貌的格式,但除了特殊情况外,现在不再使用。

美语与英语在国际商务方面的差异—用词差异

作者:未知 文章来源:互联网 点击数: 更新时间:2004-12-14

美语与英语在用词上的差异主要表现在以下两个方面:

1.同一个词在英美语中表示不同概念。

某些单词在美语和英语里有着不同的含义,表示不同的概念或事物,很容易造成误解。我们在商业交往中,必须小心谨慎,特别是在外贸洽谈、订货、发货方面,要注意辨别,以免因文字含义的不同而引起大错,造成损失。

我们知道,first floor 在英语时指二楼,而美语则指一楼,英语指一楼时要用ground floor。这是一般常识,而其它单词就可能容易混淆。\在英语里指谷物、小麦,等于美语的\(小麦),美语的\(玉米)等于英语的\(玉米);pants在美语里指\裤子

\,相当于英语的trousers,而英语的pants却是\内裤\,相当于underpants; purse在英语里指的是妇女用的\小钱包\,而在美语里purse却是\手提包\、\旅行包\,相当于英语的handbag;美语的\钱包\是wallet,男女通用,英语里的wallet仅限于男人用,而且是皮革做的,女子的\钱包\可以用不同的材料制作;美语的\(棉纱)\等于英语的\(缝纫用的棉纱)\。

2.同一概念在英美语中用不同词表达。

这类词语两者之间的差异尤为明显,而且数量大。例如:\电梯\英语是lift,美语是elevator,\履历\、\简历\英语用C.V.(全称是Curriculum Vitae),美语用resume;\电影\英语用film,美语用movie;\展销会\、\博览会\英语常用fair,美语常用trade show;\有限责任公司\英语习惯上是在公司的名称下加Ltd, L'd,或Ld., 美语则使用Inc.(=Incorporated),如:

The British Tobacco co., Ltd.(英国烟草股份有限公司)

The American Products co, Inc. (美国物产股份有限公司)

美语与英语对于公司领导人的称谓也很不一样,我们通常说的公司\经理\,英语用manager,美语用Director;\总经理\英语是Managing-Director或Managing Director,美语则是Chief-Executive Officer;公司的\总裁\董事长\英语用Chairman,美语多用President。最应值得注意的是,表达\寄信\邮寄\之类的概念,英语用post,美语用mail。 英美国际商务英语常用词举例 英国英语 美国英语 air-route air-line 航线 air-mail air-post 航空信

after sales customer service 售后服务 accounts accounting 财会(部) dispatch shipping 货物运输 flat apartment 公寓 ill sick 生病

goods freight 货物 journey trip 旅行

luggage baggage 行李 motor auto 汽车 postcode zipcode 邮编 shares stock 股票 shops stores 商店

stand booth 货摊、售货台 taxi cab 出租车

tender bid (工程等)投标 underground subway 地铁

如何制作英语名片

作者:未知 文章来源:互联网 点击数: 更新时间:2004-12-14

在商务活动中,交换名片是一项很流行,也很重要的活动。在对外交流中,将自己的名片印上英文是很有必要的。这就要求名片上的英文写法要规范,顺序符合英语规则。 一般的名片上的信息可分为七个部分: 1、公司名称(the name of company) 2、本人姓名(person’s name)

3、职位、职称、衔头(position, title)

4、公司地址(the address of your company) 5、电话号码(telephone number) 6、传真号码(fax number) 7、电子邮箱( E-mail address) 下面是一个实例:

MING YING ENGLISH SCHOOL

Harry Chen

No. 26, Zhongshan East Road, Shijiazhuang City Hebei Province, 050000, P.R.China Tel: 0311-6081514 6075767 Fax: 0311-6081514 E-mail: 5663@sohu.com

Web site: www.sjzmingying.com

注:(1)关于地名的写法,一般遵循从小地名到大地名的写法。 一般顺序为:室号—门牌号—街道名—城市名—省(洲)--国家 Room ** No. ** *** Road (Street), *** City **** Province ******(邮编)

***** (country)

(2)地址在名片上,应该保持一定的完整性。门牌号与街道名不可分开写,必须在同一行,不可断行。名种名称不可断开。

(3)门牌号英美写法可有不同,英语写No. 26美语可写26#

(4)汉语的人名,地名一般写汉语拼音。有些译法可以不同:如中山东路,可以译为Zhongshan East Road,也可译为Zhongshan Donglu Road,但象一些地名,如南天门,槐南路,就应该直写拼音,而不能将其中某个字译为英语。即:Nantianmeng, Huainan Road而不是South Tianmeng, Huai South Road.

商务合同英译应注意的问题

作者:佚名 文章来源: 点击数: 更新时间:2005-6-11

英译商务合同貌似简单,实则不然。商务合同是一种特殊的应用文体,重在记实,用词行文的一大特点就是准确与严谨。

本文拟运用翻译教学中所积累的英译商务合同的实例,从三个方面论述如何从大处着眼、小处着手、力求准确严谨英译商务合同。

一、酌情使用公文语惯用副词

商务合同属于法律性公文,所以英译时,有些词语要用公文语词语、特别是酌情使用英语惯用的一套公文语副词,就会起到使译文结构严谨、逻辑严密、言简意赅的作用。但是从一些合同的英文译本中发现,这种公文语副同常被普通词语所代替,从而影响到译文的质量。

实际上,这种公文语惯用副同为数并不多,而已构词简单易记。常用的这类副词是由 here、there、where 等副词分别加上 after、by、in、of、on、to、under、upon、with 等副词,构成一体化形式的公文语副词。例如:

从此以后、今后:hereafter; 此后、以后:thereafter; 在其上:thereonthereupon; 在其下:thereunder; 对于这个:hereto;

对于那个:whereto;

在上文:hereinabovehereinbefore; 在下文:hereinafterhereinbelow;

在上文中、在上一部分中:thereinbefore; 在下文中、在下一部分中:thereinafter.

现用两个实例,说明在英译合同中如何酌情使用上述副词。

例 1:本合同自买方和建造方签署之日生效。

This Contract shall come into force from the date of execution hereof by the Buyer and the Builder.

例 2:下述签署人同意在中国制造新产品,其品牌以此为合适。

The undersigned hereby agrees that the new products whereto this trade name is more appropriate are made in China.

二、谨慎选用极易混淆的词语

英译商务合同时,常常由于选同不当而寻致词不达意或者意思模棱两可,有时甚至表达的是完全不同的含义。因此了解与掌握极易混淆的词语的区别是极为重要的,是提高英译质量的关键因素之一,现把常用且易混淆的七对词语,用典型实例论述如下。

2.1 shipping advice 与 shipping instructions

shipping advice 是“装运通知”,是由出口商(卖主)发给进口商(买主)的。然而 shipping instructions 则是“装运须知”,是进口商(买主)发给出口商(卖主)的。另外要注意区分 vendor(卖主)与 vendee(买主),consignor(发货人)与 consignee(收货人)。上述这三对词语在英译时、极易发生笔误。

2.2 abide by 与 comply with

abide by 与 comply with 都有“遵守”的意思.但是当主语是“人”时,英译“遵守”须用 abide by。当主语是非人称时,则用 comply with 英译“遵守”。

例 3:双方都应遵守/双方的一切活动都应遵守合同规定。

Both parties Shall abide by/All the activities of both parties shall comply with the contractual stipulations.

2.3 change A to B 与 change A into B

英译“把 A 改为 B”用“change A to B”,英译“把 A 折合成/兑换成 B”用“change A into B”,两者不可混淆。

例 4:交货期改为 8 月并将美元折合成人民币。

Both parties agree that change the time of shipment to August and change US dollar into Renminbi.

2.4 ex 与 per

源自拉丁语的介词 ex 与 per 有各自不同的含义。英译由某轮船“运来”的货物时用 ex,由某轮船“运走”的货物用 Per,而由某轮船“承运”用 by。

例 5:由“维多利亚”轮运走/运来/承运的最后一批货将于 10 月 1 日抵达伦敦。 The last batch per/ex/by S.S. \ictoria\

2.5 in 与 after

当英译“多少天之后”的时间时,往往是指“多少天之后”的确切的一天,所以必须用介词 in,而不能用 after,因为介词 after 指的是“多少天之后”的不确切的任何一天。

例 6:该货于 11 月 10 日由“东风”轮运出,41 天后抵达鹿特丹港。 The good shall be shipped per M.V. \Feng\on November 10 and are due to arrive at Rottedaml in 140 days. (M.V.= motor vessel)

2.6 on/upon 与 after

当英译“??到后,就??”时,用介词 on/upon,而不用 after,因为 after 表示“之后”的时间不明确。

例 7:发票货值须货到付给。

The invoice value is to be paid on/upon arrival of the goods.

2.7 by 与 before

当英译终止时间时,比如“在某月某日之前”,如果包括所写日期时,就用介词 by;如果不包括所写日期,即指到所写日期的前一天为止,就要用介词 before。

例 8:卖方须在 6 月 15 日前将货交给买方。

The vendor shall deliver the goods to the vendee by June 15.(or: before June 16,说明含 6 月 15 日在内。如果不含 6 月 15 日,就译为 by June 14 或者 before June 15。)

三、慎重处理合同的关键细目

实践证明,英译合同中容易出现差错的地方,一般来说,不是大的陈述性条款。而恰恰是一些关键的细目.比如:金钱、时间、数量等。为了避免出差错,在英译合同时,常常使用一些有限定作用的结构来界定细目所指定的确切范围。

3.1 限定责任

众所周知,合同中要明确规定双方的责任。为英译出双方责任的权限与范围,常常使用连词和介词的固定结构。现把最常用的此类结构举例说明如下。

3.1.1 and/or

常用 and/or 英译合同中“甲和乙+甲或乙”的内容,这样就可避免漏译其中的一部分。

例 9:如果上述货物对船舶和(或)船上其它货物造成任何损害,托运人应负全责。 The shipper shall be liable for all damage caused by such goods to the ship and/or cargo on buard.

3.1.2 by and between

常用 by and between 强调合同是由“双方”签订的,因此双方必须严格履行合同所赋于的责任。

例 10:买卖双方同意按下述条款购买出售下列商品并签订本合同。

This Contract is made by and between the Buyer and the Seller, whereby the Buyer agrees to buy and the Seller agrees to sell the undermentioned commodity subject to the terms and conditions stipulated below.

3.2 限定时间

英译与时间有关的文字,都应非常严格慎重地处理,因为合同对时间的要求是准确无误。所以英译起止时间时,常用以下结构来限定准确的时间。

3.2.1 双介词

用双介词英译含当天日期在内的起止时间。

例 11;自 9 月 2O 日起,甲方已无权接受任何定单或收据。

C. A. S. cost accounting standards 成本会计标准 c. b., C. B. cash book 现金簿

CBD cash before delivery 先付款后交货 C. C. cashier's check 银行本票 C. C contra credit 贷方对销

c/d carried down 过次页、结转下期 CD certificate of deposit 存单 c/f carry forward 过次页、结转 CG capital gain 资本利得

CG capital goods 生产资料、资本货物 C. H. custom house 海关 C. H. clearing house 票据交换所 Chgs charges 费用 Chq. cheque 支票

C/I certificate of insurance 保险凭证

CIA certified internal auditor 注册内部审计员

c. i. f. , C. I. F. cost, insurance and freight 到岸价,货价+保险+运费 C. I. T. comprehensive income tax 综合所得税 Ck. check 支票

C. L. call loan 短期拆放

C / L current liabilities 流动负债

C. M. A. certificed management accountant 注册管理会计师

CMEA, Comecon Council for Mutual Economic Assistance 经济互助委员会 CML capital market line 资本市场线性

CMO Collateralised Mortgage Obligations 担保抵押贷款债务 CMV current market value 现时市场价值 CN consignment note 铁路运单

CN credit note 贷方通知书 c/o carried over 结转后期

C. O., C/O cash order 现金汇票、现金订货 C. O. certificate of origin 产地证明书 Co. company 公司

COBOL Common Business Oriented Language 通用商业语言

CoCom Coordinating Committee for Multilateral Export Controls 多边出口控制协调委员会 c. o. d, C. O. D. cash on delivery 货到付款 Col. column 帐栏

Coll. collateral 担保、抵押物 Coll. collection 托收

Com.; comm. commission 佣金 cont. container 集装箱

cont., contr. contract 契约、合同

conv., cv., cvt. convertible 可转换的、可兑换的 Cor. corpus 本金

Cor. correspodent 代理行

Corp. corporation 公司

CP. commercial paper 商业票据

C. P. A certified Public Accountant 注册公共会计师 CPB China Patent Bureau 中国专利局

CPI consumer price index 消费者价格指数 CPM cost per thousand 每一千个为单位的成本 CPP current purchasing power 现行购买力 Cps. coupons 息票

CPT carriage paid to 运费付至...... C/R company's risk 企业风险 Cr. credit 贷记、贷方 CR carrier's risk 承运人风险 CR current rate 当日汇率、现行汇率 CR cash receipts 现金收入

CR class rate 分级运费率

CS civil servant; civil service 公务员、文职机关 CS convertible securities 可转换证券 C. S. capital stock 股本

CSI customer satisfaction index 顾客满意指数 csk. cask 木桶

CT corporate treasurer 公司财务主管 CT cable transfer 电汇 ct crate 板条箱

ctge cartage 货运费、搬运费、车费 Cts. cents 分

CTT capital transfer tax 资本转移税 cu cubic 立方

CU customs unions 关税联盟 cu. cm. cubic centimeter 立方厘米 cu. in. cubic inch 立方英寸 cu. m. cubic meter 立方米 cu. yd. cubic yard 立方码

cum. pref. cumulative preference (share) 累积优先(股) cur. curr. current 本月、当月

CV convertible security 可转换债券

CVD countervailing duties 抵消关税、反倾销税

C.V. P. analysis Cost Volume Profit analysis 本---量---利分析 C. W. O. cash with order 订货付款

商业英文书信中所使用的词语

作者:未知 文章来源:旺旺英语 点击数: 更新时间:2004-12-14

(1)贵函

Your letter; Your favour; your esteemed letter; Your esteemed favour; Your valued letter; Your valued favour; Your note; Your communication; Your greatly esteemed letter; Your very friendly note; Your friendly advice; Yours.

(2)本信,本函

Our (my) letter; Our (my) respects; Ours (mine); This letter; these lines; The present.

(3)前函

The last letter; The last mail; The last post; the last communication; The last respects(自己的信); The last favour(来信)

(4)次函

The next letter; The next mail; The next communication; The letter following; the following.

(5)贵函发出日期

Your letter of (the) 5th May; Your favour dated (the) 5th June; Yours of the 3rd July; Yours under date (of) the 5th July; Your letter bearing date 5th July; Your favour of even date(AE); Your letter of yesterday; Your favour of yesterday's date; Your letter dated yesterday.

(6)贵方来电、电传及传真

Your telegram; Your wire; Your cablegram(从国外); Your coded wire(密码电报); Your code message; Your cipher telegram; Your wireless telegram; Your TELEX; Your Fax.

(7)贵方电话

Your telephone message; Your phone message; Your telephonic communication; Your telephone call; Your ring.

(8)通知 (Noun)

Advice; Notice; Information; Notification; Communication; A report; News; Intelligence; Message. (Verb)(通知,告知)

To communicate (a fact) to; To report (a fact) to...on; To apprise (a person) of; To let (a person) know; To acquaint (a person) with; To intimate (a fact) to; To send word; to send a message; To mail a notice; to write (a person) information; To give notice(预告); To break a news to(通知坏消息); To announce(宣布).

(9)回信 (Noun)

An answer; A reply; A response.

(Verb)

To answer; To reply; To give a reply; To give one's answer; To make an answer; To send an answer; To write in reply; To answer one's letter.

(特此回信)

Reply to; Answering to; In answer to; In reply to; In response to. (等候回信)

To await an answer; To wait for an answer. (收到回信)

To get an answer; To favour one with an answer; To get a letter answered.

(10)收讫,收到 (Noun)

Receipt(收到); A receipt(收据); A receiver(领取人,取款人); A recipient(收款人) (Verb)

To receive; To be in receipt of; To be to (at) hand; To come to hand; To be in possesion of; To be favoured with; To get; To have; To have before (a person); To make out a receipt(开出收据); To acknowledge receipt(告知收讫).

(11)确认

To confirm; Confirming; Confirmation; In Confirmation of(为确认...,为证实...); A letter of confirmation(确认函或确认书)

(12)高兴,愉快,欣慰

To have the pleasure to do; To have the pleasure of doing; To have pleasure to do; to have pleasure in (of) doing; To take (a) pleasure in doing (something); To take pleasure in doing (something); To be pleased to (with)(by); to be delighted at (in)(with); To be glad to (of)(about); To be rejoiced in (at).

(13)随函附件 Enclose; Inclose.

(14)迅速,立刻

Urgently; Promptly; Immediately; With all speed; At once; With dispatch; With all despatch; With the quickest possible despatch; With the least possible delay; As soon as possible; As quickly as possible; As promptly as possible; At one's earliest convenience; At the earliest possible moment; At an early date; Without delay; Without loss of time; Immediately on receipt of this letter; By express messenger; By Special messenger; By special delivery; By express letter.

(15)回信

By return; By return of post; By return of mail; By return of air-mail.

(16)依照

According to; Agreeably to; Conformably to; pursuant to; In accordance with; In conformity with (to); In obedience to; In deference to; In compliance with; In agreement with; In pursuance of.

(17)就...,关于

About; Regarding; Concerning; As to; As regards; With regard to; In regard to;(of); Respecting;

Relative to; Anent; In connection with; Referring to; With reference to; In reference to; Re.

(18)期满到期及应付之款

To be due; To fall due (become) due(日期将到); Duly(正时,及时);In due Course (依照顺序).

(19)(每个,按照,通过)

Per(=by, through) rail.(post,mail,steamer)(通过铁路,邮政,轮船) Per pro.= by proxy (由代理) Per annum (=yearly,每年) Per mensem (=monthly,每月) Per diem [daiem] (=daily,每日)

Per man, per capital (=per head,依照人数,每一人) Per piece (每一个,每一件)

(20)表示抱歉(冒昧做了某事)

To take the liberty of doing something; To take the liberty to do something; To take the liberty in doing something.

(21)甚感遗憾,请包涵

To regret; To be sorry; To be chagrined; To be mortified; To be vexed; To regret to say; To be sorry to say; To one's regret; To feel a great regret for; To express regret; To be regretted; To be a matter for regret; To be regrettable; To be deplorable. (22)(我们)对于...甚感荣幸 To have the honour of doing (being); To have the honour to do (be); To do one (oneself) the honour of doing (being); To esteem (regard) it as a high honour to do (be); To appreciate the honour to do (be); To feel honoured to do (be); To owe one a debt of honour to do (be); To be honoured with doing (being) something; To honour one with doing (being) something.

(23)请

Please; Kindly; be good enough; Be kind enough; Have the kindness.

(24)感谢,衷心感谢等

To thank; To be (feel) thankful; To be (feel) grateful; To be obliged; To be indebted; To esteem (it) a favour (privilege); To give (tender, return) one's thanks; To express one's gratitude (appreciation); To tender one's sincere thanks for; To be overwhelmed with gratitude.

(25)请照顾等 (Noun)(请吩咐) Command; Order; Service (Verb)(服务)

To command; To order; To serve; To be at one's service; To render service to one; To do one a service; To be of service to one.

谈判时如何表达自己的意见

作者:未知 文章来源:旺旺英语 点击数: 更新时间:2004-12-14

在双方谈判的过程中,一定要注意倾听对方的发言,如果对对方的观点表示了解,可以说: I see what you mean. (我明白您的意思。)

如果表示赞成,可以说: That''s a good idea. (是个好主意。) 或者说: I agree with you. (我赞成。)

如果是有条件地接受,可以用on the condition that这个句型,例如: We accept your proposal, on the condition that you order 20,000 units. (如果您订2万台,我们会接受您的建议。 )

在与外商,尤其是欧美国家的商人谈判时,如果有不同意见,最好坦白地提出来而不要拐弯抹角,比如,表示无法赞同对方的意见时,可以说: I don''t think that''s a good idea. (我不认为那是个好主意。) 或者

Frankly, we can''t agree with your proposal. (坦白地讲,我无法同意您的提案。)

如果是拒绝,可以说:

We''re not prepared to accept your proposal at this time. (我们这一次不准备接受你们的建议。)

有时,还要讲明拒绝的理由,如

To be quite honest, we don''t believe this product will sell very well in China. (说老实话,我们不相信这种产品在中国会卖得好。)

谈判期间,由於言语沟通问题,出现误解也是在所难免的:可能是对方误解了你,也可能是你误解了对方。在这两种情况出现後,你可以说:

No, I''m afraid you misunderstood me. What I was trying to say was..... (不,恐怕你误解了。我想说的是......) 或者说:

Oh, I''m sorry, I misunderstood you. Then I go along with you. (哦,对不起,我误解你了。那样的话,我同意你的观点。 )

总之不管你说什么,你最终的目的就是要促成一笔生意。即使不成,也要以善意对待对方,

也许你以后还有机会,生意不成人情在,你说对吗?

常见价格及费用词语

Common Terms of Prices and Expenses

advertising cost 广告费 appraised 估价 basic price 基价 buying offer 买方发价 ceiling price 最高价 C.I.F. value 赶岸价

combined offer 联合发价

cost and freight (C.& F.) 到岸价;运费在内价 cost and insurance (C.& I.) 保险在内价

cost, insurance and freight (C.I.F.) 运费及保险在内价 counter offer 还价:还发价 current price 现时价

entertainment expenses 交际费

ex-dock (factory) 码头(工厂)交货价 ex-mine (plantation) 矿区(农场)交货价 wx-maker's godown 制造商仓库交货价 ex-quay (wharf) 码头交货价 ex-ship 输入港船上交货价 first cost 生产成本价 floor price 最低价

franco 全部费用在内价

free alongside(on) ship 船边(上)交货价 free on rail 火车上交货价 free overside 出入港船上交货价 free out (F.O.) 卸货费船方免责 freight collect 运货由提货人交付 freight repaid 运费预付

freight terms 岸上交货价

landing (loading) charges 起货(装载)费 local (spot) 当地付货价

miscellaneous expenses 杂项开支 net price 净价;实价

offer on sale or return 许可退货发价 offer without engagement 不受约束发价 out-of-pocket expenses 零星开支 overhead 日常开支;日常管理费 packing charges 包装费

prime cost 原价;主要成本 rebate 回折

retail price 零售价

stevedorage 码头工人搬运费 storage charges 仓租

sundry chargesd(expenses) 杂费 surcharge 附加费 wharfage 码头费

wholesale price 批发价

电邮英语的写作技巧

日常要处理许多信件电邮,因而运用英语上不得不留神,以下有一些个人意见,也参考了一些书本,希望大家有所得益。

A. 文法上

1.切忌主客不分或模糊. 例子: Deciding to rescind the earlier estimate, our report was updated to include $40,000 for new equipment.” 应改为 Deciding to rescind our earlier estimate, we have updated our report to include $40,000 for new equipment. (We决定呀, 不是report.)

2.句子不要凌碎. 例子: He decided not to audit the last ten contracts. Because of our previous objections about compliance. 应该连在一起.

3.结构对称,令人容易理解. 例子: The owner questioned the occupant's lease intentions and the fact that the contract had been altered with ink markings. 应改为: The owner questioned the occupant's lease intentions and ink alterations of the contract.

4.单众数不要搞乱,不然会好刺眼,看不舒服. 例如: An authorized person must show that they have security clearance.

5.动词主词要呼应. 想想这两个分别: 1.This is one of the public-relations functions that is underbudgeted. 2. This is one of the public-relations functions, which are underbudgeted.

6.时态和语气不要转变太多.看商务英语已经是苦事,不要浪费人家的精力啊.

7.标点要准确. 例如: He did not make repairs, however, he continued to monitor the equipment. 改为: He did not make repairs; however, he continued to monitor the equipment.

8.选词正确. 好像affect和effect, operative和operational等等就要弄清楚才好用啦.

9.拼字正确. 有电脑拼字检查功能后,就更加不能偷懒.

10.大小写要注意.非必要不要整个字都是大写,除非要骂人,:,例如: MUST change to OS immediately. 外国人就觉得不礼貌和喝令人一样. 要强调的话,用底线,斜字,粗体就可以了.

B. 文体

1.可读性.对象是大学程度的话,用高中的英文就行,不要以为人人都是语言大师.多用短句(15-20字吧), 技术性的字,就更加要简单易明.

2.注意段落的开头.一般来说,重要或强调的事情都放在信件或段落的开头,而句子就放在最尾. 例如: 1.Because he was unable to attend the meeting personally, he forwarded his congratulations on cassette tape. 2.He forwarded his congratulations on cassette tape because he was unable to attend the meeting personally. 两者强调的事情就有分别了.

3.轻重有分. 同等重要的用and来连接,较轻放在次要的句子里.

4.意思转接词要留神. 例如: but (相反), therefore (结论), also (增添), for example (阐明). 分不清furthermore和moreover就不要用啦.

5.句子开头不要含糊不清的主词. 例子: These decisions have been a big disappointment to the committee members. They have delayed further action. They是指什么呀????开头少用this, that, it, they, 或 which.

6.修饰词的位置要小心,例如: He could only reimburse the cost after July 15. 应为 He could reimburse the cost only after July 15.

7.用语要肯定准确.切忌含糊. 例如:The figures show a significant increase.” 怎样significant呀,大哥? 改为: The figures show an increase of 19%.

8.立场观点一致. 少用被动语. 例如: Partial data should be submitted by April. 改为: You should submit partial data by April.就很好了.

C. 格调

1.式样和句子长度不要太单调. 千篇一律的subject-verb-object会闷死人的.有时短句跟着长句可以化解一下.

2.弱软的词(e.g. was, were, is, are...)可以加强一点. 例如: Prunton products are highly effective in ... 改为: Prunton products excel in ...就有力很多了.

3.亲切,口语化是比较受欢迎! 用宾词和主动的词,让人家受落. 例如: 1. This information will be sincerely appreciated.” 2. We sincerely appreciate your information. 明显地,我们会喜欢第2句.

美语与英语在国际商务方面的差异

—商务英语书信方面的差异

商务英语书信(Business or Commercial English Correspondence)是指交易时所使用的通信。在美国,常用Business writing,它包括书信、电报、电话、电传、报告书、明信片等。 英语和美语在书信体例方面存在着一定的差异,比如信头和称呼、书信格式、遣词、结尾客套语等均有所不同。一般来说,英国书信较为保守,许多英国人喜欢用老式书信体,用词较为正式刻板,而美国书信语言非常生气、有活力,格式也较为简便。因此当我们写信的对象是英国或其旧殖民地国家时,要使用标准式英语Queen's English;如果写信的对象是美国或美国势力范围的地区时,就要用美国英语。当然,英国式的语言文化近年来也有变化,但总体来说,两者间的差异是很明显的。

商业英文书信,一般都要求用打字机或电脑整齐地打印,左边各行开头垂直的,称为垂直式或齐头式(Block style),美国常用这种格式;每段的第一个词缩进去,称为缩进式或锯齿式(indented style),英国常用此格式。垂直式的职务及签名都在左边的边栏界线,这种格式,在极度尊重工作效率的美国公司,已普遍采用。

正式的商业英语书信要在称呼的上方写上收信公司名称和地址或收信人的名字全称、职务及地址,称为信内地址(Inside address)。信内地址的写法也有垂直式和缩进式之分,垂直式和称美国式将各行并列,缩进式或称英国式将各行依次退缩。不过,笔者注意到,近来英国商业书信信内地址并未依次缩进,似乎与美国式相同。此外,在美国还流行一种普通收信人地址的写法,就是在书信的Inside Address中,把门牌号和街名都省略掉。 在英文书信中要使用敬语,最普遍的敬语是Mr, Mrs和Miss(用于未婚女性)。英国人常在男性的姓名之后用Esq. (Esquire的缩写),不过在商业上也在慢慢地改用Mr. Mmes. (Madam的复数形式),用于二个女士以上。Messrs(Mr的复数形式)用于二个以上的男人,或用于二个以上的男人组成的公司或团体。在英国式英文信里,Mr, Mrs, Messrs,均不加缩写句点,相反地趋向于进步自由的美语反而加缩写句点如Mr., Mrs., Messrs.。

在称呼方面,商业上最普遍的有Gentlemen(美国式)与Dear Sirs(英国式)二种,相当于我国的\敬启者\或\谨启者\。如果信是写给革个公司单位的,不是写给某个具体人的,美语用Gentlemen(复数形式),英语用Dear Sirs。如果对方公司只一人时,必须使用Sir/Dear Sir。称呼后一般要使用标点符号,英国式采用逗号(comma),美国式用分号(colon)。

书信结尾客套语(complimentary close)有多种,相当于我国书信在结尾时使用的\敬礼\、\致敬\、\顺安\等句。最为典型的美国式写法是Sincerely和Best regards,典型的英国式表达有Yours sincerely(熟人或知道对方姓名),Best wishes, kind regards 和yours faithfully(不知姓名)。此外,英国式的客套语还有特别礼貌的格式,但除了特殊情况外,现在不再使用。

商务英语常见误译例析

笔者在商务英语教学中发现,外贸英语中有一些使用十分频繁的词汇很容易被误译,原因是商务英语中相同的单词在不同情况下具有不同的含义。现将这些单词的不同用法和含义试加比较说明。

例一:floating

It is not surprising, then, that the world saw a return to a floating exchange rate system. Central banks were no longer required to support their own currencies.

Floating policy is of great importance for export trade; it is, in fact, a convenient method of insuring goods where a number of similar export transactions are intended, e.g. where the insured has to supply an overseas importer under an exclusive sales agreement or maintains sales representatives or subsidiary companies abroad.

译文:

在这种情况下,世界各国又恢复浮动汇率就不足为奇了。各国中央银行也就无须维持本币的汇价了。

统保单对出口贸易至关重要。它实际上是货物保险中的一种便利的办法,特别适合于分不同的时间出口的一批类似货物,如,当被保险方根据独家代理协议书向国外的进口方供货,或在国外委任了销售代表,设立分支机构时用之。

注解:

floating 在上述两个句中的意思完全不一样,floating exchange rate 意为“浮动汇率”,即可自由浮动,完全受市场力量决定的汇率制度。而 floating policy 则指用以承保多批次货运的一种持续性长期保险凭证,常译为“统保单”。

例二:confirm

We'd like to inform you that our counter sample will be sent to you by DHL by the end of this week and please confirm it ASAP so that we can start our mass production.

Payment will be made by 100% confirmed, irrevocable Letter of Credit available by sight draft。

译文:

很高兴通知您,我们的回样将于本周末用特快专递给您,请尽快确认,以便我们开始大批生产。

付款方式为 1O0% 即期,保兑,不可撤消信用证。

注解:

confirmed 一词在这两句话的意思也不一样。在第一个句子中,confirm 的意思是“确认”。在第二个句子中,confirmed L/C 应翻译为“保兑信用证”,即指一家银行所开的由另一家银行保证兑付的一种银行信用证。

例三:negotiable

Part time barman required.Hours and salary negotiable.

This Bill of Lading is issued in a negotiable form, so it shall constitute title to the goods and the holder, by endorsement of this B/L.

译文:

招聘兼职酒店保安,工作时间和薪水面议。

所签发的提单可为转让的,故只要在提单上背书, 便确定了货物和持票人的所有权。

注解:

在第一句话中,negotiable 的意思是“可商议的”,在第二句话中的意思则是“可转让的”,“可转让提单”经过背书后即可将所有权转让给他人,值得注意的是,negotiating bank 则是议付银行,即购买或贴现汇票的银行。

例四:discount

You may get a 5% discount if your order is on a regular basis.

If a seller extends credit to a time draft, they have made a trade acceptance.The seller can request that the bank finance the transaction by buying the draft.The bank is said to discount the draft.

译文:

如果你方定期给我方下定单,你方便可得到 5% 的折扣。

如卖方开出的是远期汇票,以此向买方提供信用,此时就做了一笔商业汇票承兑业务,卖方可以请银行买下商业承兑汇票,银行用这个办法对出口商融资,也就是说,银行对该汇票贴现了。

注解:

discount 在这两句话中的意思一个是折扣,另一个是贴现。折扣是指商品在原价的基础上按百分比降价,贴现则是指未到期的票据向银行融资,银行扣取自买进日至到期日的利息,并收取一定的手续费后,将余下的票面金额付给持票人。 例五:endorse

Our products have been endorsed by the National Quality Inspection Association.

Draft must be accompanied by full set original on board marine Bill off Lading made out to order,endorsed in blank,marked freight prepaid.

译文:

我们的产品为全国质量检查协会的推荐产品。

汇票必须附有全套印有“货物收讫”字样的正本海运提单,凭指示、空白背书,并写明“运费已付”。

注解:

在第一个句子中,“推荐”是指用过某种产品后感到满意,并通过媒体介绍给公众。而第二句中的“空白背书明是指背书人 (endorser) 只在票据背面签上自己的名字,而不注明特定的被背书人 (endorsee)。

例六:average

If a particular cargo Is partially damaged,the damage is called particular average. It's obvious that the products are below the average quality.

译文:

如果某批货是部分受损,我们称之为“单独海损”。

很明显,这批产品的品质是中下水平。

注解:

在第一个句子中,particular average 的意思是“单独海损”,是指在保险业中由于海上事故所导致的部分损失, 因此 average 一词的意思是损失或损坏,而第二句中的 average 为“平均”之意。

例七:tender

Under CIF, it is the seller's obligation to tender the relative documents to the buyer to enable him to obtain delivery of the goods. If they arrive, or to recover for the loss, if they are lost on the voyage.

He became as exhilarated as if his tender for building a mansion had been accepted.

译文:

在 CIF 价格术语项下,卖方的责任是向买方递交有关单证,使其能在货物到达后提取货物;如果货物运输途中丢失了,买方也可凭单证去获取补偿。 他欣喜若狂,好象他承办大厦建筑的投标被接受了。

注解:

商务英语中的重要条款用词非常正规,在第一句话中,tender 是用作动词,相当于 give。而在第二句中,tender 是用作名词,意思是“投标”。

商业书信常用开头

作者:中华学习网 1)特此奉告等

To inform one of; To say; To state; To communicate; To advise one of; To bring to one’s notice (knowledge); To lay before one; To point out; To indicate; To mention; To apprise one of; To announce; To remark; To call one’s attention to; To remind one of; etc.

1. We are pleased to inform you that

2. We have pleasure in informing you that 3. We have the pleasure to apprise you of 4. We have the honour to inform you that (of) 5. We take the liberty of announcing to you that 6. We have to inform you that (of) 7. We have to advise you of (that)

8. We wish to inform you that (of)

9. We think it advisable to inform you that (of)

10. We are pleased to have this opportunity of reminding you that (of) 11. We take the advantage of this opportunity to bring before your notice 12. Please allow us to call your attention to 13. Permit us to remind you that (of) 14. May we ask your attention to

15. We feel it our duty to inform you that (of)

(2) 为(目的)奉告某某事项

1. The purpose of this letter is to inform you that (of) 2. The purport of this line is to advise you that (of) 3. The object of the present is to report you that 4. The object of this letter is to tell you that

5. By this letter we Purpose to inform you that (of) 6. Through the present we wish to intimate to you that 7. The present serves to acquaint you that

五种常见的邀请信

Dear sir/madam:

I'm delighted you have accepted our invitation to speak at the Conference in [city] on [date].

As we agreed, you'll be speaking on the topic \minutes for questions.

Would you please tell me what kind of audio-visual equipment you'll need. If you could let me know your specific requirements by [date], I'll have plenty of time to make sure that the hotel provides you with what you need.

Thank you again for agreeing to speak. I look forward to hearing from you.

Sincerely yours, [name] [title]

-----------------------------------------------------------------

Dear sir/madam:

Thank you for your letter of [date]. I'm glad that you are also going to [place] next month. It would be a great pleasure to meet you at the [exhibition/trade fair].

Our company is having a reception at [hotel] on the evening of [date] and I would be very pleased if you could attend.

I look forward to hearing from you soon.

Yours sincerely, [name] [title]

-----------------------------------------------------------------

Dear sir/madam:

[organization] would very much like to have someone from your company speak at our conference on [topic].

As you may be aware, the mission of our association is to promote . Many of our members are interested in the achievements your company has made in .

Enclosed is our preliminary schedule for the conference which will be reviewed in weeks. I'll call you [date] to see who from your company would be willing to speak to us. I can assure you that we'll make everything convenient to the speaker.

Sincerely yours, [name]

[title]

-----------------------------------------------------------------

Dear sir/madam:

We would like to invite you to an exclusive presentation of our new [product]. The presentation will take place at [location], at [time] on [date]. There will also be a reception at [time]. We hope you and your colleagues will be able to attend.

[company] is a leading producer of high-quality . As you well know, recent technological advances have made increasingly affordable to the public. Our new models offer superb quality and sophistication with economy, and their new features give them distinct advantages over similar products from other manufacturers.

We look forward to seeing you on [date]. Just call our office at [phone number] and we will be glad to secure a place for you.

Sincerely yours, [name] [title]

-----------------------------------------------------------------

Dear sir/madam:

On [date], we will host an evening of celebration in honor of the retirement of [name], President of [company]. You are cordially invited to attend the celebration at [hotel], [location], on [date] from to p.m.

[name] has been the President of [company] since [year]. During this period, [company] expanded its business from to . Now it's our opportunity to thank him for his years of exemplary leadership and wish him well for a happy retirement. Please join us to say Good-bye to [name].

See you on [date].

Yours sincerely [name] [title]

-----------------------------------------------------------------

Dear sir/madam:

On [date], we will host an evening of celebration in honor of the retirement of [name], President of [company]. You are cordially invited to attend the celebration at [hotel], [location], on [date] from to p.m.

[name] has been the President of [company] since [year]. During this period, [company] expanded its business from to . Now it's our opportunity to thank him for his years of exemplary leadership and wish him well for a happy retirement. Please join us to say Good-bye to [name].

See you on [date].

Yours sincerely [name] [title]

本文来源:https://www.bwwdw.com/article/nsw.html

Top