工程硕士研究生英语基础教程参考资料(unit1-5)

Unit One： My First Job I. Reading Comprehension:

1. It can be inferred from the passage that the author's parents used to______. B. suffer from hardship 2. The author's first job was to______. C. clean and brighten cars

3. It may be inferred from the passage that Detroit was where the author______.D. got help from

4. All the following can be used to describe the author's grandmother EXCEPT______. A. rewarding 5. The word \D: customers

III. Vocabulary and Structure:

A．1. They maderegular visits to the park on the suburbs during the weekends．

2. She waspromotedto division manager last year.

3. We tried to walk to the park butended uptaking a taxi there． 4. Hishandling of these important issues was highly praised． 5. Thomas bought a new hat toreplace the one he had lost. 6. The movie received generallyfavorablereviews.。 7. Thank you for all the time and effort you have put in. 8. Make sureyou?re home by midnight.

9. He was hit by a falling tree and killedon the spot.

10. The earthquake survivors are in desperate need of help.

B．1．她计划自己创业。She plans to set up her own business. 2．态度也很重要。Attitude also matters.

3．她在客人们到达之前把所有的家具都擦亮了。She had polished all the furniture before the guests arrived. 4．有些经理不知道如何与人打交道。Some managers have no idea how to handle people. 5．我们完成那项工作的时间打破了纪录。We finished the work in record time.

6．她喜欢东西都摆好以后再开始工作。She likes everything to be in place before she starts working. 7．她常常一天工作l2个小时。She often puts in 12 hours' work a day.

8．他是从报纸上得到这一信息的。He acquired the information from the newspapers. 9.我们部门有一个助理的职位空缺。There's an opening for an assistant in our department.

10．该组织旨在促进各国之间的友谊。The organization works to promote friendship between nations.

练习

2．选择适当的时态填空。

(1)According to the time table，the train for London ______at seven o?clock in the evening．C．1eaves (2)You needn?t hurry her．She ______it by the time you are ready．A．will have finished

(3)Darwin proved that natural selection ______the chief factor in the development of species．D．is (4)While Peggy______，her brother is playing records．B．is reading (5) It?s been a long time since I ______．How are you?B．saw you last

(6)We _____on it for several hours，but we have not yet reached any conclusion．C．have been working (7)He said that he _____for Shanghai the next day．C．would leave (8)This is the first time I______ this kind of refrigerator．B．have seen (9)He ______ this job before he moved into this city．D．had found

(10)I think this time yesterday he ______an English class in N0．3 Classroom Building．A．was having (11)By 2008，the university _____20，000 postgraduates．C．will have trained

(12)Since l970，he _____ in this bank and he loves the job very much．B．has been working (13)I don?t like to be disturbed if I ______．A．am working

(14) Before long，she ______all about the matter．B．will forget (15)You can see the house ______for years．D．hasn?t been painted

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Unit 2

Future of Net Economy

EXERCISES

1．Reading Comprehension：

Choose the best answer to each question． 1．Internet shopping belongs to_____．

A．the networking between individual businesses

B．the regional and global networking between industrial production and scientific research C．the networking between businesses and their customers D．the networking between big enterprises and small ones 2．_____ is the more important aspect as to the Net economy· - A．Internet shopping B．Shopping malls C．Connecting business

D．Simultaneous consultation on the Internet 3．Electronic currency does not include_____． A．a virtual numeric currency B．electronic purses

C．an electronic system of withdrawals，transfers and loans D．paper currency transfer on the Internet 4．The world?s first Internet bank_____． A．is a small and insignificant one

B．appeared in the developed areas in Europe C．is an international bank D．is the First Network Bank

5．According to the author?s opinion，most companies which invest in the Internet market_____． A．are giant companies．B．are making losses

C．have made huge profits D．have broken the monopolies III．Vocabulary and Structure：

A. Choose the correct word/phrase to fill into each sentence, using the proper form. emergence perspective medium intense superiority promote on the verge of to date foster trend

1．Frequent cultural exchange will certainly help foster friendly relations between our two universities． 2．The competition among these companies at the printing market has become very intense in this city． 3．To date，we have not received any replies from them．

4．In this competitive world，it is better for any firm to gain technology superiority． 5．The organization works to promote friendship between nations． 6．It is reported that the Far East area is now on the verge of war again． 7．There is an obvious trend that young people like less formal clothing．

8．We should look at these events which happened two hundred years ago from their historical perspective． 9．The outstanding businessman agreed that the last decade was favorable for the emergence of new and promising enterprises in IT field．

10．The witness proved that the killer of the student was a man of medium height． B. Translate the following into English． 1．今晚她很可能给我打电话。(1ikely)

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She is very likely to ring me tonight. 2．我看不懂这篇文章。(beyond)

Understanding this article is beyond my capacity. 3．新刷的一层油漆可使房间焕然一新。(transform) A fresh coat of paint can transform a room. 4．做事不先考虑总会导致失败。(result in)

Acting before thinking always results in failure. 5．他估计那项工作需要三个月。(estimate)

He estimated that the work would take three months.

6．我们相信这个协议将会积极地促进两国之间的贸易。(promote)

We believe that this agreement will positively promote the trade between our two countries. 7．新机场必将推动这个地区的旅游业。(push ahead)

The new airport will certainly push ahead the tourism in this region.

8．网络经济将对人们的生活产生重要的影响。(have significant influence on) Net economy will have significant influence on the people's life.

9．在昨天的会议上，他提出了一个新的经济发展计划。(bring forward)

At the yesterday's meeting, he brought forward a new plan for the economic development. 10．到目前为止，他们还没有找到遇难的渔船。(to date, wrecked) To date, they haven't found the wrecked fishing boat. V．Writing Task：

Write about Internet in some l20 words．Try to cover the following points． 1．How do you like Internet surfing?

2．What do you think is the future development of Internet? 3．How does Internet change your life?

练习

2．选择适当的被动语态填空。 (1)That man ______to tell a lie．

A．was never known B．has never known C．will never know D．is never known

(2)The children ______many times not to go near the street． A．have told B．told

C．have been told D．were being told

(3)The new type of computer is going to ______the month after next． A．turn out B．be turned out C．will be turn out D．will turn out

(4)After the synthetic______，engineers had a better choice for materials for construction． A．had been developed B．had developed C．to be developed D．being developed

(5)After being tested in many ways，this newly-designed machine will ______in the near future． A．be taken action B．come to use C．be put into use D．take its place

(6)His parents died when he was young，so he ______by his grandma． A．was bred B．was fed C．was brought up D．was grown up

(7)Lead ______as a material for sculpture since the time of the early Greeks．

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A．being used B．has used C．is to use D．has been used (8)We heard that Mary ______a raise by her employer．

A．gave B．had been given C．will give D．has given (9)He ordered the work______．

A．started at once B．to be started at once C．to start at once D．at once to start (10)He was ______to be clever but dishonest．

A．thought as B．thinking C．thought D．to think

Unit 3

Preserving Our Planet

EXERCISES

1．Reading Comprehension：

Choose the best answer to each question． 1．This passage mainly talks about_______．

A．the great damage human activity is doing to the environment

B．??sustainable management” is seen as a practical and economical way of protecting species from extinction

C．the ways of preserving bio-diversity of our planet D．humans are experimenting with our planet

2．All the following are correct statements about species EXCEPT that______． A．removing one species from the planet might cause 50,000 species extinct every year B．removing one species from the planet might cause the extinctions of other species C．all species are members of a very complex web of interrelationships

D．we haven?t found satisfactory solutions to the problem of preserving bio-diversity 3．It can be inferred from Para．3 that _______．

A．the political will might help reduce global warming and ozone depletion B．preserving bio-diversity is still a great problem

C．preserving bio-diversity is more difficult than dealing with global warming and ozone depletion D．preserving bio-diversity is less difficult than dealing with global warming and ozone depletion 4．It is true that sustainable management ______.

A．proves to be a sensible way of protecting species from extinction B．is also practical to protect areas of great bio—diversity C．remains to be seen whether it will work

D．might become widespread in the near future 5．The tone of this passage is _______．

A．humorous B．serious C．optimistic D．pessimistic

C．Fill in the blanks with the words or expressions given below. Change the form where necessary. preserve environment sensible in

suspicious in theory involve tropical investment desperately out of business up to tremendous

1．The man became rich through making a wise investment.

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2．That strange animal belongs to a species that I haven?t seen before. 3．Bananas grow best in tropical climates·

4．He is getting suspicious of my staying away so long.

5．A child?s character is greatly influenced by his home environment.

6．If you are in doubt about his ability to do the task，don?t entrust him with it.

7．The Mexican minority in the southwestern part of the United States numbers up to three million． 8．There was a tremendous explosion，and the building fell down．

9．The company went out of business because it couldn?t sell its products.

10．A political dispute involving six nations may be settled by an agreement between them· 11. A11 this occurred in an already desperately poor country. 12．Why don?t you do something sensible in your spare time?

13．She dieted constantly in order to preserve her youthful figure．

14．The government plans seem good in theory but I doubt if they?ll work in practice．

B．Put the following into English．

1．这场特大洪水给长江中下游地区造成了严重的灾害。(do damage to)

The extremely heavy flood did great damage to the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River. 2．这本畅销书对读者产生了深刻的影响。(impact on) The bestseller had a great impact on its readers.

3．这辆旧自行车，我最多能付你5美元。(at most) I can give you $5, at most, for the used bicycle.

4．他们的经济利益及政治权利都应当受到保护。(as well as)

Their political rights, as well as their economic benefits, should be safeguarded. 5．这场突发疾病把我的假期计划搞得一团糟。(make a mess of) The unexpected illness made a mess of my holiday plans. 6．如果你明智的话，你就再学习一年。(sensible) If you are sensible you will study for another year.

7．倘若这本书没有其他人想借的话，你可以再续借一个礼拜。(provided) You may keep the book a further week provided (that) no one else requires it. 8．报界纷纷指责专题电视节目中使用的粗鄙语言。(a flood of)

There was a flood of complaints from the press about the bad language used in the special TV show. 9．她的任务是把货物整齐地排列在商店橱窗里。(range) Her task is to range the goods neatly in the shop window.

10．校长鼓励参加全国数学竞赛的选手们争取取得最好的成绩。(encourage)

The headmaster encouraged the candidates for the national maths competition to strive for the best results.

V．Oral and Writing Task：

A．Work in groups of 3 or 4 to talk about the environmental problems which occurred on our planet in recent years．Try to cover the following points． 1．近年来，地球环境遭到严重破坏 2．原因及危害 3．应采取的措施

B．You are also expected to write on the topic you have talked about．Your composition should be about 120 words．

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练习

1．选择适当的比较级形式填空。

(1) Peter?s record was ______on the team． A．not so good as all the players B．not good as the players C．not so good as any other player?s

D．so good as not that of any player?s

(2)The team is good，but not as good as______· A．ours B．us C．we D．ourselves (3)This tool is ______that one．

A．as useful almost as B．as almost useful as C．almost as useful as D．almost as useful than (4) He will not be _____ to vote in this year?s election． A．old enough B．as old enough C．enough old D．enough old as

(5) Bob?s work proved ______than that of others． A．not much better B．not more better

C．no more as good D．not much as good (6)They are ______my other neighbors．

A．as friendly B．friendly than ? C．friendlier as D．more friendly than (7)I think he is ______than I.

A．elder three years B．old three years C．three years elder D．three years older

(8)Can we do our work better with ______money and ______people? A．1esser…few B．1ess．．．fewer C．1ittle…less D．few．．．1ess

(9)She is ______ beautiful of the two sisters．

A．younger and more B．more young and more C．youngest and most D．the younger and more (10)He can run ______I do．

A．as faster than B．faster as C．as fast as D．so fast that

(11) ______，the worse I seem to feel．

A．When I take more medicine B．The more medicine I take C．Taking more of the medicine D．More medicine taken (12)Why is there ______ traffic on the streets in February than in May? A．1ess B．fewer C．few D．1ittle

(13)Prices for cars in the U.S. can run_____$20，800． A．as high as B．so high as C．as high to D．so high to (14)This room is ______that one．

A．three times big than B．three times as big as C．three times bigger D．bigger three times than

(15)This year，the grain production was three times ______last year．

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A．as much as B．as many as C as more D．as much

Unit 4

A Time for Apologies

EXERCISES

1．Reading Comprehension：

Choose the best answer to each of the following questions． 1．This passage mainly talks about that_____．

A．nowadays，saying sorry is something political and religious leaders feel comfortable about B．governments and churches are likely to make errors now

C．many world leaders have apologized for past wrongs due to some reasons

D. many world leaders apologized for past wrongs to celebrate the 50th-anniversary of the end of World War II

2．“something” in the last sentence of the first paragraph refers to _____. A．saying sorry

B．a sign of weakness

C．an admission that they are liable to make errors D．that they are liable to make errors

3．Which of the following is NOT mentioned as one of the reasons for which leaders apologize for past wrongs?

A．The reinvestigation of the crimes committed during World War Il． B．A sense of conscience and demands from pressure groups． C．They want to show their high standards of moral behaviour．

D．A well—timed apology can help improve their public images． 4．What does the word ??academic?? mean in the last paragraph? A．scholarly B．having no real effect C．important D．easy to do

5．It can be inferred from the last paragraph that______． A．most leaders say sorry for past wrongs in words only B．“sorry?? might be the easiest word for leaders to say C．1eaders seldom say sorry for past wrongs D．1eaders always say sorry for past wrongs

C. Complete each sentence with one phrase from the given list，making any necessary changes． in earnest turn into carry out turn out to be belong to

look on…as in the event turn a blind eye to find to one?s cost result from

1．His failure resulted from not working hard enough． 2. All the buildings had been turned into hospitals.

3．Though it looked like rain this morning，it has turned out to be a fine day． 4. Sandy and Mary began to discuss old times in earnest.

5．Over nine-tenths of the inhabitants there belong to the Han nationality． 6．A kind person will turn a blind eye to trivial faults in others． 7．These children look on their teachers as their friends．

8．The killings were said to have been carried out by members of the People?s Temple．

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9．I find to my cost that a broken leg can be very painful．

10．We were afraid he would be nervous on stage，but in the event he performed beautifully． C．Translate the following sentences into English．

1．我们希望日本政府能对他们在二战中对中国人民实行的暴行进行正式道歉。(make an apology for) We hope that the Japanese government would make a formal apology to the Chinese people for their cruelties committed during the World War II.

2．后来证实有两名旅客丧生。(turn out) It turned out that two travellers had been killed.

3．现在人们把电视机当作必备的生活用品之一。(100k on…as) People now look on a television set as an essential facility for life.

4．对人民的疾苦视而不见的政治领袖是不会受到人民的拥护的。(turn a blind eye to)

The head of state who turns a blind eye to the people?s sufferings will not gain support from them. 5．那位勇敢的年轻人冒着生命危险把这个小孩从湖里救上来。(take risk) The brave young man risked his life in trying to save the child from the lake. V．Writing Task：

You are supposed to be at a very important presentation today．However．you miss it for some reason．Write a formal letter of apology in l20 words to your boss．You should Cover the following points： 1．表示道歉。 2．解释原因。

3．保证以后不会发生类似的事情。

练习

1．选择适当的不定式填空。

(1)It seems very difficult______．

A．to stop the child to cry B．stopping the child to cry C．stop the child crying D．to stop the child crying (2)We are glad to ______when you needed our help． A．help B．having helped you C．have helped D．have helped you (3)The teacher ______their exercises．

A．made the students do B．make the students doing C．have made the students do D．makes the students done (4)The doctor found it difficult ______this infection． A．in treating B．to treat C．for treating D．in treating

(5)He couldn?t help but ______when his toy car fell into the river． A．cry B．to cry C．crying D．will cry

(6)What _______ next will be discussed at today?s meeting． A．can you do B．will you do C．shall we do D．to be done

(7)He sent his son to the doctor ______an X-ray check． A．gives B．to give

C．being given D．to be given

(8)The story was said to _______on the information from a reliable source． A．being based B．have been based

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C．base D．be based (9)Mother warned ______the electric lamp． A．not to touch B．him not to touch C．him not touching D．him not touch

(10)He finds it difficult ______himself to the climate here． A．to adapt B．accustomed ． C．get used D．applying

Unit 5

Teach Your Child to Wonder

EXERCISES

C．Translate the following into English．

1．解说员的讲解非常有吸引力。(make…appealing) The guide made her introduction very appealing.

2．简单点儿讲吧，别用那些专业术语了。(rather than) Please use simple words rather than a lot of jargon.

3．不要急于回答，留出一些讨论的余地。(opening for discussion)

Please resist the impulse to respond quickly and leave some opening for discussion. 4．一些启发性的问题可以鼓励孩子思考。(1eading question)

Some leading questions can help the children to think for themselves. 5．面临困难的时候坚持下去就会取得回报。(in face of…；it pays…) It pays to persist in the face of difficulties. V．Writing Task：

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Adding details is a very important way of giving color to your writing. Giving concrete examples can also relate your arguments to the real world．Writing with no detail tends to be boring to the reader．

Look at the following outline of a primary school experience．Where there are gaps，add me missing factual information for yourself．Where there are asterisks，add one or two sentences which give interesting details．

When l was…years old I went to a primary school*…． My first day at school*was…

I met a lot of other kids at school but I had one particular friend﹡… We used to play different games﹡during the breaks between lessons… I can still remember our class teacher*

练习

1．选择适当的分词形式填空。

(1)Many things ______impossible in the past are common today． A．considered B．to consider

C．considering D．being considered

(2)The machine ______in our factory these days is a new type of electronic computer． A．to produce B．being produced C．produce D．to be producing

(3)The noise of desks ______could be heard out in the street． A．being opened and closed B．be opened and closed ? C．opening and closing D．having opened and

(4) ______that Barton had been promoted，his friends came to congratulate him． A．Having been heard B．Being heard C．To have heard D．Having heard

(5) ______by the police，the kidnappers had no choice but to surrender． A．Surrounding B．Having surrounded C．Surrounded D．To surround

(6)Never ______faith in himself，James Watt went on with his experiment． A．1osing B．to lose C．1ost D．to be lost

(7)There are four factories in our institute，______over l00 workers． A．with each have B．each having C．each has D．with each has over

(8) ______a bomb on the road，the car was stopped． A．Having seen B．The driver seeing C．Seeing D．After seeing a bomb

(9)The weather ______fine，they decided to go out for a stroll． A．is B．was C．being D．having

(10) ______in all parts of the country，pines are the most common trees in this part· A．Found B．Finding them

C．To find them D．They are found

(11)Commercial banks make the most of their income from interest ______on loans and investments in stocks． A．earn B．earned C．to earn D．was earned (12)Returning to my apartment，______．

A．my watch was missing B．I found my watch disappeared

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C．I found my watch missing D．the watch was missed (13)Having been served lunch，______．

A．the problem was discussed by the members of the committee B．the committee members discussed the problem

C．it was discussed by the committee members the problem

D．a discussion of the problem was made by the members of the committee (14)The police pursued the criminal continuously，______． A．and finally catch him B．finally catching him C．to catch him in the final D．with a final catch (15)She finished her work，______．

A．tiring and wearing out B．tired and wear out C. tired and worn out D. tiring and worn out

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C．I found my watch missing D．the watch was missed (13)Having been served lunch，______．

A．the problem was discussed by the members of the committee B．the committee members discussed the problem

C．it was discussed by the committee members the problem

D．a discussion of the problem was made by the members of the committee (14)The police pursued the criminal continuously，______． A．and finally catch him B．finally catching him C．to catch him in the final D．with a final catch (15)She finished her work，______．

A．tiring and wearing out B．tired and wear out C. tired and worn out D. tiring and worn out

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