5精讲精练 - -介词+关系词引导的定语从句 2

定语从句精讲精练——介词+关系代词引导

的定语从句

第一部分 精讲——介词+关系代词引导的定语从句

【知识点1】

直接位于介词之后的关系代词只能是which或whom，构成介词+which（指物）；介词+whom（指人）两种结构。

【例】The man to whom you talk just now is a famous runner.

【例】The service about which the students complain a lot should be improved. 【例】He is a library assistant from whom I borrowed some books. 【例】It is a famous school from which he graduated 3 years ago. 【例】The chair on which he is sitting now is made of wood. 【知识点2】

直接位于介词后面的关系代词不能省略，但如果将介词移于句子末尾而不位于关系代词之前时，可省。

【例】The man (who/that/whom) you talk to just now is a famous runner. 【例】The service (which/that) the students complain about a lot should be improved.

【例】He is a library assistant (whom/that/who) I borrowed some books from. 【例】It is a famous school (which/that) he graduated from 3 years ago. 【例】The chair (which/that) he is sitting on now is made of wood. 【知识点3】

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关系副词when, where, why 可以相应地转化为：介词+which结构。 【例】This is the house where I lived two years ago. =This is the house in which I lived two years ago.

【例】Do you remember the day when you joined our club? =Do you remember the day on which you joined our club? 【例】I don’t know the reason why he said so. =I don’t know the reason for which he said so. 【知识点4】

有一些动词短语中的介词是固定搭配，不可以拆开，一般还是放在动语之后，不提前：

【例】He is the student (who/whom/that) the teachers are looking for. 【例】The number of the children (who/whom/that) she takes care of is 30. 【知识点5】

注意复杂介词短语+which或whom引导的定语从句，是高考考查热点。 【例】They finally climbed up the mountain, on top of which many strange birds were seen.

【例】Look at the photo. This is Mr. Green, in front of whom sit three students. 【知识点6】

不定代词+of+ which/ whom 引导的定语从句可化为of+ which/ whom+ 不定代词 结构；这也是高考常考点。其中用到的不定代词有some, any, none, both, all, many, a few, few, a little, little, either, neither, one, 等等。 【例】There are 40 students in our class, most of whom（=of whom most）like

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English.

【例】These are books written by Mark Twain, one of which（=of which one）was read to me by my father

【例】She has two sons, neither of whom（=of whom neither）is a teacher. 【例】She has many books, none of which(=of which none) is interesting. 【知识点7】

关系代词whose+名词 引导的定语从句可转化为 the+名词+of+ which / whom 或 of+ which/whom+ the +名词结构；of 表所属关系。 【例】I live in a room whose windows are all broken. =I live in a room of which the windows are all broken. = I live in a room the windows of which are all broken. 【例】This is my teacher whose handwriting is excellent. = This is my teacher the handwriting of whom is excellent. = This is my teacher of whom the handwriting is excellent. 【知识点8】

由介词+关系代词引导的定语从句，当主从句主语一致时，定语从句可缩略为：介词+ which/whom+ to do 结构。 【例】I have a small room in which I live in. =I have a small room in which to live. =I have a small room to live in.

【例】He has a good friend to whom he can turn for help. =He has a good friend to whom to turn for help.

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=He has a good friend to turn to for help. 【知识点9】

介词后不一定只能接关系代词，可能会接关系副词，主要取决于介词及句子意思。

【例】He used to live in London, from where he came from.

【例】He graduated from Beijing University in 1988, since when he has improved himself in all aspects. 【知识点10】

如何确定关系代词前的介词：将定语从句还原：构成两个搭配，即从句谓语部分与介词的适当搭配；介词与先行词的正确搭配。

【例】The picture ______which he paid $100 was once owned by a king. 【析】定语从句谓语是pay some money；先行词为the picture；还原句子即：He paid $100 ____ the picture.在本句中填上合适介词；构成短语：pay some money for something。

【例】This is Tom Sawyer, ______ whom his teacher is proud.

【析】还原：His teacher is proud ___ Tom Sawyer.构成短语：be proud of。 【例】Can you think of a situation __in__ which this word can be used? 【例】I’m grateful to him for that advice, __to__ which I owed all my success.

第二部分 精练——介词+关系词专项练习

选择 第 4 页 共 19 页

1．On his 10th birthday. Marty manages to escape from the zoo and gets onto the subway, _____he believes that he can go to the wild.

A. which B. from what C. through which D. that

2．Many people who had seen the film were afraid to go to the forest when they remembered the scenes________ people were eaten by the tiger. A. that B. by which C. which D. in which 3. I am grateful to him for that advice, _______ I owe all my success. A. which B. that C. to which D. by which

4．The farmers use wood to build a house ______to store grains all the year around.

A. with which B. to which C. which D. in which 5．—Can you tell me where Peter lives?

—Over there. The two storey house, _____there is a garden.

A. near it B. from which C. in front of it D. in front of which 6．—Why does she always ask you for help? —There is no one else_______ ,is there? A. who to turn to B. she can turn to C. for whom to turn D. for her to turn

7．Is there a gas station around_____ _ I can get some petrol? A. which B. what C. where D. that

8. The biggest hobby in American, the one Americans spend most time, energy and money, is gardening.

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company.

A. after that B. after which C. after it D. after this

52. Nine o'clock, all the Olympic torch bearers had reached the top of Mount Qomolangma, ___________ appeared a rare rainbow soon.

A. of which B. on which C. from which D. above which 53. The man pulled out a gold watch, __________ were made of small diamonds.

A. the hands of whom B. whom the hands of C. which the hands of D. the hands of which 54. The growing speed of a plant is influenced by a number of factors, _______ are beyond our control.

A. most of them B. most of which C. most of what D. most of that

55. Villagers here depend on the fishing industry, ______ there won't be much work.

A. where B. that C. by which D. without which 56. We went through a period _____ communications were very difficult in the rural areas.

A. which B. whose C. in which D. with which 57 This is the method _______ we can solve the problem. A. by which B. that C. for which D. in which

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58. We saw several natives advancing towards our party, and one of them came up to us, ______ we gave some bells and glasses.

A. to which B to whom C. with whom D. with which 59. ---Why does she always ask you for help? ---There is no one else _______, is there? A who to turn to B she can turn to C for whom to turn D for her to turn 60.This is the baby tomorrow. A. after whom I shall look B. whom I shall look after C. whose I shall look after D. after whom I shall look after

61.Do you remember the day your sister was graduated as a Master of Arts?

A. which B. on which C. about which D.／ 62. The pencil____ he was writing was broken. A. which B. that C. with that D. with which 63.I will never forget the day____ we studied together. A. at which B. on that

C. at that

D. on which 64.The exhibition in ___the pictures are on show is on the second floor. A. which

B. that

C. where

D. it

65.This is the place____ he stayed last year. A. which

B. in where C. in which

D. in that

66.That is the writer ____ a lot of books were written.

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A. by Whom B. who C. whose D. whom

67. This is the job ____they laughed.

A. which B. that C. at that D. at which 68.On the table she found a piece of paper_ ____some puzzling secret codes. A. which was written B. that was written C. on which were written D. on that was written 69.Jeanne was told her old friend,__ __she borrowed a necklace. A. from who B. from whom C. to that D. to whom 70.He built a telescope__ _he could study the skies.

A. in which B. through that C. from which D. through which 71. He was two Chinese-English dictionaries, ____were bought last week. A. two of which B. both of which C. both of them D. all of whom 72.She is a teacher of much knowledge, ____much can be learned. A. who B. that C. from which D. from whom 73. The film ____ I’m speaking is to be shown at the People’s Cinema next week.

A. to that B. to which C. of that D. of which 74. In an open boat, the four men, ____ a doctor , met with a storm on the sea. A. one of whom were B. one of them was C. one of whom was D. one of them were

75. This is the very knife ____ I used to cut apples yesterday. A. that B. by which C. which D. with which 第 13 页 共 19 页

76. We all climbed to the top of the Mount Tai from _______ we saw the sunrise.

A it B that C which D what

77. They saw a grand hospital, by the side of _______ stopped many cars. A where B it C which D that

78. I’ll never forget the first English lesson ______ I made a very serious mistake.

A that B where C / D during which 79. The pen _______ I am writing is broken.

A that B in which C by which D with which 80. The stories about the Long March, ________ this is one example, are well written.

A where B from which C of which D in which

81. There is a mountain___________ the top is always covered with snow. A whose B of which C it’s D that

82.There were two small rooms in the house, ______ served as a kitchen. A. the smaller of which B. the small of which C. the smaller of them D. the smaller one

83. He lived in London for 3 years, during _____ time he learned some English. A. this B. which C. that D. same

84. Last summer we visited the West Lake ______ Hangzhou is famous in the world.

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A. in which B. for that C. in that D. for which 85. This is the most important chapter ______ we should pay attention. A. to whom B. in which C. at which D. to which 86. There are two thousand students in our school, ________ are girls. A. of whom two-thirds B. two-third of them C. two-third in them D. two-thirds in which

87. The two things __________ they felt very proud are Jim's gold watch and Della's hair.

A. about which B. of which C. in which D. for which

88. China has a great many islands,, _________ Taiwan is the largest. A of which B in that C among them D where

89. She has a son and two daughters, _________are serving (服役)in the army. A all of them B either of whom C both of whom D all of whom 90. The clever boy made a hole in the wall, going on inside the house.

A．on which B．at which C．through which D．in which 91. She hasn’t got enough money she buys the rings. A．for which B．with which C．that D．which

92. Winter is the time of year the days are short and nights are long. A．on which B．that

C．during which D．where

he could see what it was

93. I still remember the day she first wore that pink dress.

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A．on which B．on that C. in which D. which

94.The goal ______ he had fought all his life no longer seemed important to him. A. after which B. for which C. at which

D. with which

95. This is the ship ______ we crossed the Pacific. A. by which B. by that C. where

D. in which

96.Do you know who lives in the building ______there is a well? A. in front of it C. in front of which

B. in front of whose D. in front which

97.I’ll never forget the day ____I joined the League. A. on which

B. in which

C. which

D. at which

98.The woman _____my brother spoke just now is my teacher. A. who

B. to whom

C. to who

D whom

99. His glasses, _____he was like a blind man, fell to the ground and broke its leg. A. which

B. with which

C. without which D. that

100. Do you know the reason ____he was late? A. that

B. which

C. for what

D. for which 101. I have bought two ball -pens, ____writes well.

A. none of which B. neither of which C. none of them D. neither of them 102. The Second World War_____ millions of people were killed broke out in 1941.

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A. during which B. in that C. where D. on which

103. The baby ______ is not hers.

A. of that she is taking good care B. who she is taking good care C. of who she is taking good care D. whom she is taking good care of 104.Each player of chess is trying to trap the other player’s king into a position _____escape is impossible.

A. when B. that C. in which D. from which 105. The hotel _____ you are thinking, my dear, is just a bit too expensive for us, I am afraid. A. that B. which C. in which D. of which 106. In my opinion, it is the best use ______ could be _____this money. A. as, make of B. which; made from C. that; made of D. what; made of

107. Luxun, for _____ life was hard, wrote a lot of famous novels. A. whom B. whose C. who D. which

108. The medical record shows that it was the drug, not the disease, killed him two years ago.

A. the effect of which B. finally C. the effects of it D. that 109.He had a bad cold, ___ he didn’t attend the meeting.

A. because B. because of which C. to which D. because of that 110.There is no dictionary ___you can find everything. A. in it B. in which C. where D. in that

111. They stood at the window, _____ they could see_ was happening in the

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street.

A. where; all

B. which; all D. from which; that

C. from where; what 填入“介词＋关系代词” 1. The ship, ____ the Europeans sailed to the American continent, was called the Mayflower.

2. The family _________ I stayed in Rome is coming to England soon. 3. He has written a book, the name_________ I have completely forgotten. 4. It is a family of 8 children, all ____ are studying music. 5. Can you suggest a time _____ it will be convenient to meet? 6. The town, _________ they came, was in the north of the province. 7. Here are some blouses, none ____ suits me.

8. The fur coat ______ the lady was dressed was very expensive. 9. The emperor, ________ the palace was built, was very cruel. 10. Little Peter had a dream ______ he was taken to the amusement park. 11. He spent a wonderful summer, _____ he joined us in the camping trip. 12. The money, ____ he bought the bike, was given by his grandfather. 13. The buses, most ________ were already full, left the school one after another.

14. Ann White, ______ we received the invitation, lives next door to us. 15. The story, ________ the film is based, is a true one. 答案 第 18 页 共 19 页

1. on which 2. in which 3. of which 4. of who 5. at which 6.

from which 7. of which 8. in which 9. for whom 10.

in which

11. during which 12. 15. on which 介词填空 with which 13. of which 14. from which

1.The speed____ which you drive your car mustn’t too high.

2.In the park there are many flowers, the color_____ which is bright and nice. 3.The little girl is reading a book,_____ which there are many pictures. 4.What were the things_______ which he was not too sure?

5.They held a meeting,____ which the hospital director made a speech. 6.The book,_____ which he paid 6 Yuan, is worth reading.

7.Is this the man____ whose house the police found the lost colored TV? 8.The villagers dug along tunnel________ which they could go to the fields without being found by the Japanese soldiers.

9.Wu Dong,_____ whom I went to the concert, enjoyed it very much. 10.The stories about Long March,_____ which this is one example, are well written. 答案 1. at 2.of 3 in 4 about 5. at 6. for 7. in 8 through 9. with 10 of

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