新视野第二版第三册听力原文Unit3Book3

Unit 3

III. Listening In

Task 1: Competition in America Keys: 1. C 2. A 3. C 4. B 5.D Script:

Alan: What are you reading, Eliza? Eliza: An article on American competition.

Alan: Competition is everywhere. Why so much fuss about it, Miss Knowledge?

Eliza: Don't make fun of me. According to the author, competition is especially important in American life. They’re taught to compete from early childhood. When children play games, they learn how to bear others.

Alan: And many girls want to look more attractive than the girls sitting next to them in class. Do you think that way?

Eliza: Don't be silly. Let’s get back to the point. When children are growing up, they compete with one another in their studies.

Alan: Isn’t that also true of students in other nations? As we all know, many Asian students would kill for a high test score and grab every opportunity to sharpen their competitive edge over others. Eliza: American boys find great pleasure in competing with each other in sports, according to the author.

Alan: I do like sports. When our football team beats the other team, I feel great, makes me want to shout out loud. But isn’t that normal throughout the world?

Eliza: American people also compete with each other at work and at climbing the social ladder.

Alan: But there ’s such competition in other countries as well.

Eliza: You’re right in a sense, but the author says the idea of competing is more deeply rooted in the minds of Americans. They’re even taught that if you lose and don’t feel hurt, there must be something wrong with you. Alan: I hear that some Asians put emphasis on cooperation. Which approach do you think make more sense?

Eliza: It’s hard to say. Anyway, it’s just culture difference. Task 2: How to select elective courses? Keys: (1)roots (2)what (3)moral (4)diligence (5)sin (6)teachings (7)centuries (8)Even

as

children

they

were

taught,

“If it's worth doing at all, it's worth doing well .”

(9)In English a new word has been created to describe people who work compulsively

(10)Others hold that workaholics are valuable members of society because they are extremely productive Script:

For 400 years or more, one thing has been a characteristic of Americans. It is called their “work ethic”. Its roots were in the teachings of the Christian Puritans who first settled in what is now the northeastern state of Massachusetts. They believed that it was their moral duty to work at every task to please God by their diligence, honesty, attention to detail, skill, and attitude. Tho these Puritans, it was a sin to be lazy or to do less than your best in any task. They and later Americans tried to follow the Bible’s teachings, “If a man will not work, he shall not eat.”

Therefore, Americans have for centuries believed that they were guilty of sin if they did not work as carefully and hard as they could when they did anything .God would punish those who were careless or lazy in their work.

Even

as

children

they

were

taught,

,

“If it's worth doing at all, it's worth doing well .”

But some people have gone beyond the usual sense of diligence. They are especially attracted to the notion of “climbing the ladder” so as to increase their status, financial position, and sense of self-worth.

In English a new word has been created to describe people who work compulsively. The word “workaholic” describes an individual who is as addicted to work as an alcoholic is to alcohol.

There are conflicting points of view about workaholics. Those concerned with problems of mental stress believe workaholics abuse themselves physically and mentally.

Others hold that workaholics are valuable members of society because they are extremely productive. The American culture values achievement, efficiency, and production, and a workaholic upholds those values. Task3: Cross-cultural tips on doing business Keys:1.D 2.A 3. D 4.A 5.C Script:

Countries from around the globe, such as Germany, the U.S., the U.K., and Russia, conduct a lot of business in China---the biggest market in the world. Here are some tips to help you deal more successfully with people from those nations.

Firstly, you must be punctual with the Germans. Being even five minutes late makes a poor impression. Being punctual is also very important with the Americans and the British. But while it’s important to be on time for business meeting, nobody expects you to be punctual for a social event. Half past seven really means a quarter to eight, or even eight o’clock! With Russians, always be on time, but don’t be surprised if your Russian

contact is very late! It is not unusual for them to be one or even two hours late!

In the business environments of those four countries, it is best to wear formal clothes of dark colors. In Russia, designer clothes are rather common. However, don’t be surprised if you go to an office in the U.K. on a Friday and find everyone wearing jeans. Many companies in the U.K/ have “dress down Fridays”, when people wear casual attire. In conversation, the British and the Americans love humor and talking about sports. The weather is also a good topic of conversation with the British, but you should avoid political talk. With the Russians, say positive things about their country, and avoid making complaints. The Germans, however, prefer to get straight down to business!

Remember that with the Germans, once a deal has been agreed upon, you can’t change it! With the Americans, money is more important than relationships, whereas with the Russians it’s important to get to know your contacts well. Also, don’t be surprised if a British meeting seems like chaos, with everyone participating and giving opinions!

Remember these tips and you will be on your way to a successful international business career! VI. Further Listening and Speaking Task1: Punctuality

Keys:1.C 2.B 3.A 4.C 5.D

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