河南理工大学电气学院毕业论文变电所设计说明书

河南理工大学毕业设计（论文）说明书

摘要

本设计主要根据所给数据和要求进行110kV变电站一次部分设计。首先根据任务书所给系统及线路负荷的有关技术参数，通过对所建变电站出线的考虑和对负荷资料的分析，在满足安全性、经济性及可靠性的前提下确定了110kV、35kV、10kV侧主接线的形式，然后又通过负荷计算及对供电范围内一级负荷供电可靠性的考虑及对N-1原则的应用，确定了主变压器台数、容量及型号，并依据N+1原则设计了变电所所用电，为以后的计算和设备选取做好准备，又进行等值网络化简，选择短路点做出短路等值电路并进行短路计算，根据短路电流计算结果及最大持续工作电流，对包括母线、高压断路器、高压隔离开关、互感器在内的电气设备进行了选择和校验，并根据工程情况参考有关技术手册确定了变电所的配电装置。本文同时对变电所防雷保护尤其是雷电沿导线进入变电所的侵入波保护进行了简单的分析并且还考虑了变电所接地网的设计，最后绘出了电气主接线图及配电装置图。

关键词：电气主接线； 短路计算； 电气设备； 变电所设计； 配电装置

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河南理工大学毕业设计（论文）说明书

ABSTRACT

This paper designs a 110kV substation.Firstly,according to the given material,electricity line and the parameters of the load which is provided by the assignment book,through considering the would-be substation,analyzing electrical data,confirming the Main electrical bus formation of 110kV、35kV、10kV side based on security,economy and reliability,under the guide of dispiline N-1 then conform the numbers,volume and type of the main transformer through circuit calculation and supply district,thus getting the parameters of all the component,at the same time with the use of displine N+1,my paper designs the consume of substation ,simplify electric circuit,select short point to carry on short circuit calculations operation circuit, select and check out electrical equipment, including bus,breaker, disconnect switch, voltage transformer, current transformer and so on,so that conform the distribution apparatus.Configurating relay protection and setting-calculation for the electricity line,transformer and bus according to the load and short calculations.At the same time,this paper analyses simply lightning protection and grounding system.Finally,two pictures are given including main electrical wiring diagram and 110kV power distribution equipment sectional drawing

Keywords: Substation design; Transformer; Main electrical wiring; Equipment election

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河南理工大学毕业设计（论文）说明书

目录

1 绪论 ...................................................................................................................................... 1

1.1 变电站概述 ............................................................................................................... 1

1.1.1 变电站在电力系统中的地位 ........................................................................ 1 1.1.2 负荷对变电所供电的要求 ............................................................................ 1 1.1.3 电力系统的额定电压 .................................................................................... 2 1.2 我国变电站及其设计的现状、发展趋势及新变化 ............................................... 3 1.3 变电站设计的主要原则 ........................................................................................... 4 1.4 设计任务书 ............................................................................................................... 5 2 电气主接线设计 .................................................................................................................. 8

2.1 电气主接线设计基础 ............................................................................................... 8

2.1.1 对电气主接线的基本要求 ............................................................................ 8 2.1.2 变电站电气主接线的设计原则 .................................................................... 8 2.1.3 电气主接线设计步骤 .................................................................................... 9 2.2 电气主接线的基本形式 ......................................................................................... 11 2.3 电气主接线选择 ..................................................................................................... 11 3 变电站主变压器选择 ........................................................................................................ 15

3.1 主变压器台数的选择 ............................................................................................. 15 3.2 无功补偿措施 ......................................................................................................... 15

3.2.1 无功功率补偿的必要性 .............................................................................. 15 3.2.2 无功功率补偿的方法 .................................................................................. 16 3.3 主变压器容量的选择 ............................................................................................. 17 3.4 主变压器型号的选择 ............................................................................................. 18 3.5 主变压器型号选择 ................................................................................................. 19 3.6 变电所所用电设计 ................................................................................................. 20

3.6.2 直流系统 ...................................................................................................... 20 3.6.3 所用电选择 .................................................................................................. 21

4 短路电流计算 .................................................................................................................... 22

4.1 短路形成原因 ......................................................................................................... 22 4.2 短路的危害及预防办法 ......................................................................................... 22 4.3 短路电流计算的目的 ............................................................................................. 23

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河南理工大学毕业设计（论文）说明书

4.4 短路电流计算方法 ................................................................................................. 23 4.5 短路电流计算 ......................................................................................................... 23

4.5.1 110kV侧母线短路计算 .............................................................................. 26 4.5.2 35kV侧母线短路计算 ................................................................................ 27 4.5.3 10kV侧母线短路计算 ................................................................................ 28

5 电气设备的选择 ................................................................................................................ 31

5.1 导体的选择和校验 ................................................................................................. 31

5.1.1 110kV母线选择及校验 .............................................................................. 33 5.1.2 35kV母线选择及校验 ................................................................................ 33 5.1.3 10kV母线选择及校验 ................................................................................ 34 5.2 断路器和隔离开关的选择及校验 ......................................................................... 35

5.2.1 110kV侧断路器及隔离开关的选择及校验 .............................................. 36 5.2.2 35kV侧断路器及隔离开关的选择及校验 ................................................ 38 5.2.3 10kV侧断路器及隔离开关的选择及校验 ................................................ 40 5.2.4 10kV侧母联断路器的选择和校验 ............................................................ 42 5.3 互感器的选择 ......................................................................................................... 44

5.3.1 电流互感器的选择 ...................................................................................... 44 5.3.2 电流互感器的校验 ...................................................................................... 45 5.3.3 电压互感器的选择 ...................................................................................... 47

6 防雷保护 ............................................................................................................................ 48

6.1 直击雷保护 ............................................................................................................. 49 6.2 侵入波保护 ............................................................................................................. 49 6.3 变电所接地装置 ..................................................................................................... 50 7 配电装置 ............................................................................................................................ 51

7.1 配电装置概述 ......................................................................................................... 51

7.1.1 配电装置的类型及其特点 .......................................................................... 51 7.1.2 配电装置型式的选择 .................................................................................. 52 7.2 对配电装置的基本要求和设计步骤 ..................................................................... 52 7.3 屋内配电装置 ......................................................................................................... 53 7.4 屋外配电装置 ......................................................................................................... 53 8 结论与展望 ........................................................................................................................ 56

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河南理工大学毕业设计（论文）说明书

致谢 .......................................................................................................................................... 57 参考文献 .................................................................................................................................. 58

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