江苏2022高考英语阅读理解【推理判断题】讲解及选练(含答案)

江苏2017高考英语阅读理解【推理判断题】讲解及选练（含答案）

阅读理解解题指导

阅读理解历来都是高考英语试卷中难度最大、区分度最高的题型，它要求考生理解文章

的主旨和要义；理解文中的具体信息；根据上下文推断生词的词义；理解文章的基本结构；

理解作者的意图、观点和态度等。下面我们来探讨一下高考阅读理解的解题思路。

阅读理解----【推理判断题】

推理判断题主要考查考生对文章的深层理解和挖掘，往往针对作者的态度或观点、文章

的隐含意义、文章的写作目的、文章的体裁或者出处来设题考查。题干中往往含有一些标

志性词语：infer, suggest, imply, con elude 等。

命题方式一般有：

What can we infer from the last paragraph?

What does the sec ond paragraph suggest?

What attitude does the author of the text have towards …?

What is the author ' purpose in writi ng the text?

做推理判断题时，考生要注意挖掘文章的隐含信息，从已知获得未知，而不是凭空臆断。

很多文章，尤其是记叙文和议论文，其语境都有一定的褒贬性，这种褒贬性反映了作者的态度、观点及作者的写作意图。考生应认真阅读文章并找出反映语境褒贬性的关键性词汇或句

子，这对我们掌握文章主旨文意、把握作者观点态度，从而正确地进行逻辑推断大有好处。

如：

真题摘选【1】（2013江苏卷C篇）

If ichthyosaurs did evolve an an ti-decompressi on means, they clearly did so quickly ——and, most strangely, they lost it afterwards. But that is not what Dr Rothschild thinks happened. Hesuspects it was evolution in other animals that caused the cha nge.

64. Rothschild might have con cluded that ichthyosaurs ____ .

A. failed to evolve an an ti-decompressi on means

B. gradually developed measures aga inst the bends

C. died out because of large sharks and crocodiles

D. evolved an an ti-decompressi on means but soon lost it

解析：根据文中信息，如果鱼龙确实曾经进化得到了一种抗减压病的机能，那么这种进

化一定会发展很快，但是奇怪的是，它们后来失去了这一机能。因此Dr Rothschild 可能得

出的结论是：鱼龙没有进化得到一种抗减压病的机能。

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【实战演练】

【2016高考训练】阅读下列短文，从给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。

Do you want to get home from work knowing you have made a real differe nee in some on e's life?

If yes ，don't care about sex or age ！Come and join us ，then you'll_make_it! _________ Position : Volunteer Social Care Assistant (No Pay with Free Meals)

Place : Man Chester

Hours : Part Time

Weare now looking for volunteers to support people with learning disabilities to live active lives ！Only 4 days left.Don't miss the chanee of lending your warm hands to help others! Role :

You will provide people with lear ning disabilities with all aspects of their daily

lives.You will help them to develop new skills.You will help them to protect their

rights and their safety.But your primary concern is to let them know they are valued.

Skills and Experie nee Required :

You will have the right values and great listening skills.You will be honest and

patie nt.You will have the ability to drive a car and to com muni cate in flue nt writte n and spoke n En glish since you'll have to help those people with differe nt lear ning disabilities.Previous care -related experie nee will be a great adva ntage for you.

1. The text is meant to _______ .

A. leave a note

B. send an invitation

C. present a document

D. carry an advertisement

2. What does the underlined part mean?

A. You'll make others' lives more meaningful with this job.

B. You'll arrive home just in time from this job.

C. You'll earn a good salary from this job.

D. You'll succeed in getting this job.

3. The volunteers' primary responsibility is to help people with learning disabilities

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A. to get some financial support

B. to properly protect themselves

C. to learn some new living skills

D. to realize their own importanee

4. Which of the following can first be chosen as a volunteer?

A. The one who can drive a car.

B. The one who has done similar work before.

C. The one who has patienee to listen to others.

D. The one who can use En glish to com muni cate.

答案：

【语篇解读】本文是一则广告。广告中招募志愿者，帮助智障人，让智障人意识到他们的重

要性。

1. D 解析：考查推理判断。从文中Position , Place，Hours，Role 以及Skills and Experienee Required 的相关信息可知，短文为广告。

2. A 解析：考查句意理解。从文章中的Do you want to get home from work knowing you

have made a real differe nee in some on e's life "以及第二段中的If yes, don't care about sex or age ! Come and join us, then you'll_make」t __________________ "可知，you'll make it 意为参力口

广告中的志愿工作，你将让别人的生活更有意义”。

3. D 解析：考查细节理解。根据文中Role部分的But your primary concern is to let them

know they are valued "可知，志愿者的基本工作是让智障人意识到他们的重要性。

4. B 解析：考查细节理解。根据文中Skills and Experienee Required 部分的Previous

care -related experienee will be a great advantage for you "可知，以前有类似工作经历

的人优先。

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真题摘选【2】（2013课标卷I A篇）

Now some people may thi nk I 'm a bad mother and not such a great wife either.

But as a big-time bargain hunter, I know the value of a dollar. And these days, a

good deal is someth ing few of us can afford to pass up.

57. What can we lear n about the author?

A. She rarely misses a good deal.

B. She seldom makes a compromise.

C. She is very strict with her children.

D. She is interested in cheap products.

解析：根据文中第三段可知，作为一名一流的讨价还价高手，作者知道每一美元的价值，由此推断，她几乎不会错过任何一笔能获利的交易，故选A。

【实战演练】

（2015 模拟题）

Besides containing attractive flowers ，trees and other plants that beautify the community ，ecofriendly rain gardens are healthy for the environment and the people living and working nearby.

A rain garden is not very different from a traditional garden.It is just a far

more ecofriendly c583435a52e2524de518964bcf84b9d529ea2c4fually it is built lower than the ground.Rain gardens make smart use of rain and storm water by temporarily holding water from rain and storms and letting it soak（渗透） slowly into the ground before it runs into streams or enters the public drinking water supply.

Thus，a rain garden keeps the water ，allowing it to be used as needed by plants

in the rain garden ，rather than flowing immediately into nearby streams and going

unused.The water will soak slowly into the ground within a day or two.This creates an advantage that the rain garden does not allow mosquitoes to breed.This is a simple ，attractive ，and ecofriendly

“ green ” way to treat storm water.

What's more ，planting a rain garden helps reduce pollution and improve the environment.Without using expensive machinery and chemicals ，rain gardens remove harmful chemicals in the rainwater and cut down on the amount of pollution reaching streams and rivers by up to 30%.

Native plants are recommended for rain gardens because they are more used to the

local climate ，soil ，and water conditions.They may attract local wildlife such as native birds.Water your

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rain garden immediately after planting and once a week ，unless you have had at least an inch of rain during the week.Once native plants establish the necessary root system ，they will require little care.

Often ，local governments and private businesses develop large rain gardens in their yards and in public parks as a way to improve the environment and solve flooding

problems.However , you don 'n eed to be a professi on ally environmen tai engin eer to

create a rain garden.As long as you 're eco -conscious homeowners , you can help the environment by build ing smaller rain garde ns in your yards.

1. Which of the followi ng is NOT true for the fun cti on of rain garde ns?

A. They are good for livi ng con diti ons.

B. They in crease polluti on.

C. They can beautify the com muni ty.

D. They improve the environment.

答案B

解析细节理解题。根据第一段内容" Besides con tai ning attractive flowers , trees and other pla nts that beautify the commu nity , ecofrie ndly rain garde ns are healthy for

the en viro nment and the people livi ng and worki ng n earby. ” 可知雨水花园对环境有益，

并不会增加污染。故选B。

2. Which of the follow ing is the ecofrie ndly function of rain garde ns discussed in

Paragraph 4?

A. They can help reduce the pollution problem.

B. They can keep the rain and storm water.

C. They can be healthy for the people around.

D. They can make the environment more beautiful.

答案A

解析细节理解题。根据第四段第一句话“What's more，planting a rain garden helps reduce pollution and improve the environment. ”可知，雨水花园有助于减少污染。故A正确。

3.0ne of the main reas ons why n ative pla nts are recomme nded is that . _______

A. they cost less and are much easier to get

B. they may attract local wildlife to come

C. they require little care from the local garde ner

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D. they are more used to the local grow ing con diti ons

答案D

解析纟田节理解题。根据第五段第一句话" Native pla nts are recomme ndedfor rain garde ns because they are more used to the local climate , soil , and water conditions. ” 可知，建议种本地的植物是因为本地的植物更适应本地的环境。

4.What do we know about rain gardens?

A. They need little water after all the plants are planted.

B. They may attract local birds and change the local climate.

C. They usually need at least an inch of rainwater a week.

D. They may reduce the water pollution problem by 70%.

答案C

解析细节理解题。由第五段第三句话“ Water your rain garden immediately after planting and once a week ，unless you have had at least an inch of rain during the week. ”可知，雨水花园一周需要至少一英尺的雨水。故选C。

真题摘选【3】（2013课标卷I C篇）

But when asked which authors they actually enjoy, people named J.K. Rowling, John Grisham, Sophie Kinsella （ah, the big sellers, in other words）. Forty-two percent of people asked admitted they turned to the back of the book to read the end before finishing the story （I 'll come clean: I do this and am astonished that

58 percent said they had never done so）.

67. What is the author 's attitude to 58% of readers?

A. Favorable.

B. Uncaring.

C. Doubtful.

D. Friendly.

解析：根据文章最后一段特别是astonished 可知，作者对58%的人也产生了怀疑，故选择C项。

【实战演练】

真题摘选【4】（2013安徽卷A篇）

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The Healthy Habits Survey （调查）shows that only about one third of American seniors have correct habits. Here are some findings and expert advice.

59. The text probably comes from ____ .

A. a guide book

B. a popular magazine

C. a book review

D. an official document

解析：本文介绍了对美国年长者健康生活习惯的调查结果及专家建议。这是一份调查报

告，出现的地方最可能是杂志，故选B项。

【习题选编】

阅读下面短文，选择最佳答案填空。B

Four Must-See Route 66（66 号公路） Attractions

The United States is full of odd roadside attractions. Route 66 is home to some of

the oldest and most known attractions of them all. Here are four attractions you

should see along the Mother Road:

1. Paul Bunyan and a Hot Dog

Route 66 travelers pass by many fiberglass giants（巨人） right along the road.

These giants were a popular form of advertising in the 1960s. Many of them stood

in front of service stations. They held car parts, such as mufflers. The collection of Route 66 giants became known as “Muffler Men ”. Businesses hoped the strange

statues would get travelers 'attention.

The first fiberglass giant was a “Paul Bunyan ”figure, built in the early 1960s.

It is said that Paul Bunyan is a famous wood worker.

2. Crown Candy Kitchen and Jamaica Ray

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