新世纪高等院校英语专业 综合教程2（何兆熊） Unit1核心词汇

核心词汇

1鞭打 ○2突然摇动○3猛烈打击 n. 鞭子,lash v.○鞭打

【例句】The waves are lashing against the rocks.

波浪冲击着岩石。 The cat lashed her tail. 这只猫急速摇动着尾巴。

He lashed out at the opposition's policies. 他猛烈抨击反对派的政策 He beat the prisoner with a lash. 他用鞭子抽打囚犯。

【搭配】lash out (at, against)攻击，猛击

【近义】flog v.鞭打，严厉批评whip n.鞭子， 车夫v.鞭打, 抽打, 突然移动

【易混】slash v.大量削减, 严历批评, 抽打n.猛砍, (大幅度)削减, 斜线

1嘲弄，嘲笑○2狼吞虎scoff n. 嘲弄的话，嘲笑v.○咽

【例句】He ignored the scoffs of the critics. 他没有理睬那些批评者的嘲笑。

I told them my ideas but they scoffed at them. 我把自己的想法告诉他们，但他们嗤之以鼻。

A hundred years ago people scoffed at the idea

that that man would ever fly.

一百年前人们嘲笑人类有一天会飞上天的想

法。

Who has scoffed all the pastries down? 谁把点心全吃完了？

【派生】scoffer n.嘲笑者 illusion n. 假象，错觉

【例句】He cherished the illusion that she loved him, but he was wrong.

他抱有她爱他的幻觉，但他错了。 A mirage is an optical illusion.

海市蜃楼是一种视错觉.

They were under the illusion that the company was doing well, but in fact it was in serious trouble. 他们误以为该公司生意很好，但实际上它陷于严重的困境之中。

I have no illusion about his ability. 我对他的能力不抱任何幻想。 【搭配】cherish the illusion 抱有幻觉

be under an illusion有错觉，误以为 have no illusion about对?不抱幻想

【辨析】illusion 和delusion。illusion使人们可能有理

由信以为真的事情，但实际上是虚假的； delusion是（可能只有一个人）信以为真的事，但很明显是假的，例如：The patient suffers from the delusion that he is Napoleon.（那个病人患有妄想症，总觉得自己是拿破仑。）

【派生】illusory ( or illusive ) a.产生幻觉的, 幻影的, 错觉的, 虚假的, 不牢靠的

devastate v. 毁坏，蹂躏，使?荒芜

【例句】Our Embassy was devastated by three bombs of NATO.

我们的使馆被北约的三枚炸弹炸毁了。 We were devastated by the news of the wreck. 我们获悉失事的消息感到十分震惊。 She was devastated by his death. 她因他去世而悲痛欲绝。

【派生】devastating a.破坏性的，毁灭性的devastation n.毁坏

1瞥视，匆匆一看○2闪光n.瞥视，一瞥 glance v. ○

【例句】She glanced round the room before she left.

她略微环视了一下房间才离开。

The glasses glanced and twinkled in the

firelight.

杯子在炉火照耀下闪闪发亮。

At first glance, the figures don’t look good, but on closer examination you’ll find they’re not bad at all. 乍一看，这些人像画得不怎么样，但再仔细看

看，你就会发现它们画得还不错。

I could tell at a glance that he’d been crying. 我一看就知道她哭过。

【搭配】at a glance一看就

【辨析】glance和glimpse。glance意指“对某物迅速地看一眼”； glimpse或更通用的catch a glimpse of意指“一瞬间，偶然的一看”例如：I glimpsed/caught a glimpse of the Town Clock as we drove quickly past.（我们开车很快经过那里时，我猛然看到市政厅的时钟。） careen v.左右摇晃地行驶，摇摇摆摆向前冲 【例句】As the bus careened down the hill, the

passengers were thrown roughly from side to side.

当汽车摇晃着从小山坡上疾驶而下时，乘客

们被颠得东倒西歪。

The driver lost control and the car careened down the hill.

因司机失控, 那辆汽车就横冲直撞地冲下山

去.

【易混】career n.事业，职业 v.猛冲，飞奔 ultimate a. 极限的，最?的

【例句】Our ultimate objective is the removal of all nuclear weapons.

我们的最终目标是消除所有核武器。 The ultimate luxury of the trip was flying in

Concorde.

这一行程中最大的享受就是乘坐协和式飞

机。

Their ultimate weapon was the threat of an

all-out strike.

他们最后的杀手锏是威胁举行大罢工。 dilemma n.进退两难的局面，困难的抉择 【例句】Faced with the dilemma, he opted for soldiering on.

面临着进退两难的困境，他决定顽强地坚持

下去。

The bad weather put us in a dilemma. 糟糕的天气使我们进退两难。

The patient needed an operation but there was no

guarantee that she would survive the anaesthetic; the surgeon was on the horns of a dilemma. 病人需要手术，但又无法保证她是否能经受得住麻醉剂，外科医生处于进退两难的境地。 【搭配】on the horns of a dilemma ad.进退两难 1混乱（状态）○2困惑，分辨不清 confusion n. ○

【例句】Their unexpected arrival threw our plan into confusion.

他们的突然到来打乱了我们的计划。 The most brilliant person may be mired in

detail and confusion.

即使是最聪明的人也会陷入琐事与混乱之

中。

This misprint led to great confusion. 这个印刷错误造成很大的混淆。

soak v.浸，泡，浸湿，湿透 【例句】Leave the dirty clothes to soak. 把脏衣服浸在水里泡。

First, soak the beans in water for two hours. 首先，先把豆子放在水里浸泡两小时。 Don't stand out there: you'll get soaked through.

你别站在外边，要不全身都要湿透了。

1种race v. （使）快速移动（行进），（使）疾走n. ○2赛跑 族○

【例句】Hearing the bell, we raced to the class.

听到铃声，我们赶快跑去上课。 We raced the sick woman to hospital. 我们急忙把这生病的女子送往医院。 The law forbids discrimination on the grounds

of race or religion.

法律禁止以种族区别或宗教信仰为理由实行

歧视。

It was a race against time to stop people dying

from starvation.

为抢救那些即将饿死的人而分秒必争。

【搭配】race against (between, with) 速度比赛，赛跑 1下降，降落，降下○2世系 descent n. ○

【例句】There was a descent of temperature after rain.

雨后气温下降了。

Passengers must fasten their seat belts prior to

descent.

降落以前，请乘客系紧安全带。

He traces his descent back to an old Norman

family.

他追踪自己的世系上溯至一个古老的诺曼家

族。

【反义】ascent n. 上升

【派生】descend v. 走下，下来，下降descendant n.子孙

【易混】descendent a. 派生的

1（使）缩小，2定契约，立contract v.○（使）收缩○

合同 n./ 'k?ntr?kt / 合约，婚约，立约

【例句】Metal contracts as it cools. 金属冷却时收缩。

When we work a muscle we cause it to contract and become bigger.

当我们锻炼一块肌肉时，我们使其收缩变大。

The city contracted for a library with their firm. 市政当局和他们公司订立了修建图书馆的合

同。

Marriage is, first of all, a contract which must

be governed by justice.

婚姻首先是一种契约，它必须以公正为制约。 I’m not a permanent employee; I’m working

here on a fixed-term contract.

我并不是永久雇员，而是根据定期合同在此

工作的。

1俯身，弯腰○2屈服n.佝偻,弯腰 stoop v. ○

【例句】We had to stoop to pass through the low entrance.

我们得弯腰过这道矮门。

Don't stoop to quarrel with her about it. 别降低身份为这事去跟她争吵。 I would never stoop to cheating. 我可决不至于下贱到骗人的地步 The old woman walked with a stoop. 老太太伛偻而行。

【搭配】stoop to (something) 屈尊，降低身份做? 【派生】stooped a弯腰的，曲背的stooping a.（尤指肩和背部）弯曲的

1倒塌○2失败n.○1倒塌，跨掉，崩溃○2collapse v.○

（体力或精力的）衰弱，颓废

【例句】The wind caused the tent to collapse.

风把帐篷吹塌了。

Talks between management and unions have

collapsed.

资方和工会的谈判失败了。

Buildings must be strengthened to prevent

collapse from an earthquake.

建筑物必须加固以防在地震中倒塌。 He suffered from a nervous collapse. 他患了精神崩溃症。

【派生】collapsible a.可折叠的 1活力○2.树液 sap v. 削弱，破坏 n.○

【例句】Her long illness gradually sapped her strength.

长期的患病使她的体力渐渐衰竭。

It was the beginning of the spring and the sap

was rising in the boys.

正当初春季节，勃勃的生气在小伙子们身上

奔涌。

The sap flowed out when he broke the stem of

the flower.

他把花茎折断，汁液就流了出来。

1（尤指由于惊讶等而）喘气，深吸气，gasp v. ○

2急促地呼吸；屏息○发出喘气的声3喘着气说n. 喘气，喘息 音○

【例句】The circus audience gasped with/in amazement

as she put her head in the lion’s mouth.

她把头伸进狮子嘴里的时候，马戏团的观众

都惊讶得屏住气。

His mother was coughing and gasping for breath.

他的母亲咳嗽着，大口地吸着气。 The team were at their last gasp when the

whistle went.

球队正作最后拚搏, 这时哨声响了.

She gave a gasp of surprise. 她发出一声惊讶的喘息。

【搭配】sb.’s/sth.’s last gasp 最后时刻，奄奄一息，最

后一搏

1使确信，使信服○2说服，使愿意做 convince v. ○

【例句】In the end she convinced the jury of her innocence.

最终她使陪审团相信她是清白的。

I try to convince him of the reality of the danger/ I try to convince him that the danger is real.

我试图使他相信危险的确存在。

I am now convinced of the truth of the report. / I am now convinced that the report is true.

我确信报告的真实性。

Your argument is too weak to convince me. 你的论点太薄弱了，说服不了我。

【搭配】convince sb. of sth. / convince sb. that…使某人相信某事 / 使某人相信?

be convinced of sth./be convinced that… 确信某事/确信?

convince sb. to do sth. 说服某人做某事（persuade sb. to do sth.）

【派生】convincing a.令人信服的

1（使光泽、颜色等）褪去○2（使强度等）fade v.○3（使）枯萎 变弱○

【例句】The closing music fades out when the hero rides off into the sunset.

当男主角策马向夕阳驰去时，尾声音乐逐渐

消失。

Flowers soon faded when they have been cut. 花剪下后很快就会枯萎。

Hopes of a peaceful settlement are now fading. 和平解决的希望正在消失。

As evening came the coastline faded into

darkness.

夜晚来临，海岸线融入茫茫夜色中。

.

常用短语

in flames 着火

【例句】 The building was soon enveloped in flames.

那幢建筑物很快就陷入了火海之中。 His latest theories have been shot down in

flames by the experts.

他的最新理论遭专家们批驳得一无是处。 The aircraft came down in flames, and the heat fused most of the parts together into a solid mass. 飞机起火坠毁，火焰的热力把大部分部件熔合成一个大硬块。

cast into扔进，投进

【例句】The steel is then ready to be cast into different shape and size.

这时的钢水可以被浇铸成各种大小不同的形

状。

He was beaten and cast into the river with a

rock tied to him.

他挨了一顿打，然后被拴上一块石头扔进了

河里。

The witch was cast into the fire and had to burn

miserably till she was dead.

巫婆被投进火中痛苦地烧死。

find one’s way to 设法找到了

【例句】Somehow we found our way to the coffeehouse. 他还是设法找到了咖啡馆。 Can you find your way to the car park? 你找到停车场了吗？ be a matter of…是(关于?)的问题

【例句】Don’t worry; the practice won’t go unrewarded. It is just a matter of time.

别担心，练习不会没有回报。这只是时间问题。

All social theories have certain merits in their

own rights. It is just a matter of different opinions.

所有社会理论都有自身的优点。只是观点不

同而已。

off and on / on and off 断断续续地

【例句】He only accepted the primary education off and on in his childhood.

他小时候只断断续续地接受过初等教育。

He has been writing to us off and on for

several years.

他断断续续地给我们写信已经有好几年

了。

Recently it rained off and on every day. 近来每天都在断断续续地下雨。

piece by piece — one part at a time 一点点地，一块一块地，一个接一个地

【例句】Like a jigsaw, piece by piece, the picture was becoming clear.

就像拼图一样，画面一点一点变得清晰起来。

The plane is being reassembled, piece by piece. 飞机正在一块一块地被重新组装起来。 make it (to…) 及时到达，取得成功

【例句】The train goes at10.15. I think we shall make it.

火车10点1刻开，我想我们能赶上。

With blood pouring from his leg, he made it to a nearby hospital.

血顺着腿不停流，他还是赶到了附近的医院。 So far, relatively few women have made it to the top in the business world.

迄今为止，相对来说很少有女性在商界能达到顶级地位。

1坚决有力地开始做（某事）wade into ○，决然并充2猛烈攻击 满精力地投入○

【例句】 She waded into the task with more enthusiasm than skill.

她更多是出于热情而不是依靠技能投入这项工作。

They waded into the task and forgot their disagreement with each other.

他们精力充沛地投入这项任务而忘了彼此的分歧。

He always waded into me whatever I said. 不管我说什么，他总是猛烈地抨击我。

迄今为止，相对来说很少有女性在商界能达到顶级地位。

1坚决有力地开始做（某事）wade into ○，决然并充2猛烈攻击 满精力地投入○

【例句】 She waded into the task with more enthusiasm than skill.

她更多是出于热情而不是依靠技能投入这项工作。

They waded into the task and forgot their disagreement with each other.

他们精力充沛地投入这项任务而忘了彼此的分歧。

He always waded into me whatever I said. 不管我说什么，他总是猛烈地抨击我。

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