雷达天线测向与定位控制系统

毕 业 论 文（设 计）

题 目 雷达天线测向与定位控制系统 英文题目 Radar antenna direction finding

and positioning control system

院 系 专 业 姓 名 年 级 指导教师

2014年 5 月

学士学位论文

摘 要

正常雷达天线伺服的控制系统的通用雷达天线伺服请求定位和速率跟踪功效。定位控制精度请求高、反应快、等速跟踪要求运转不乱。雷达权衡间隙实际是丈量脉冲喷射与回波脉冲之间的时间差，因为是电磁波以光速传布，依照这个就能够换算成目标的确切距离。目标位置的测量是用锋利的光束位置测量天线。在仰角波束测量高程测量。目标是根据高度和距离高度计算。测量速度的原理是根据多普勒效应频率之间的相对运动产生的雷达和目标。目的回波频率和雷达辐射频率雷达复苏是不一样的，两者之间的差额称为多普勒频率。从多普勒频率中可以提取的重要动静之一是雷达与目的之间间距的转化率。当在雷达辨别单位存在于统一空间内的方向和干扰波，利用多普勒频雷达是不一样的，它们之间可以从杂波跟踪的干扰和检测目标。

本文通过西门子公司的可编程控制器来控制伺服电机，从而达到控制雷达的功能。

关键字： 雷达；伺服控制系统，可编程控制器

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雷达天线测向与定位控制系统

Radar antenna direction finding and positioning control system

Abstract

General radar antenna servo control systems requires constant destination and tracking functions. High precision destination control, fast replay, constant track for a smooth operation. The actual measured removing is a method of the radar transportation pulse and the echo pulse time is not same as the electromagnetic wave because of the speed of light, whereby the target can be spread into precise distance. Measuring goal orientation is to use a sharp azimuth beam antenna measurements. Measuring elevation by narrow elevation beam measurements. We can calculte the target to know the Elevation and distance . Measurement speed is between itself and the target based on radar frequency Doppler effect principle has generated relative motion.The target and the radar transmit frequency of different frequency can receive radar echoes , the Doppler frequency difference between the doppler.The Doppler is the rate of the change in the distance between the radar and the tagget extracte a important information。When the target and noise to exist in the same spatial resolution of the radar unit, using different radar clutter from the interference between them Doppler frequency target detection and tracking.

Through Siemens programmable controller to control the servo motor to achieve control radar function.

Key Words：radar；Servo Control System；programmable logic controller

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学士学位论文

目 录

Abstract ......................................................................................................................... II 1 雷达的结构组成...................................................................................................... 1

1.1 雷达简介...................................................................................................... 1 1.2 军事雷达的分类.......................................................................................... 1 1.3 雷达的结构组成.......................................................................................... 1 1.4 雷达的基本组成.......................................................................................... 2

1.4.1 半波振子：电磁波的发生装置...................................................... 2 1.4.2 雷达发射机：电磁波的能源供给装置.......................................... 3 1.4.3 雷达天线：电磁波的定向发射装置.............................................. 3 1.4.4 雷达接收机：电磁波的接收及处理装置...................................... 4

2 雷达天线测向与定位控制系统组成...................................................................... 5

2.1 雷达专业术语解释...................................................................................... 5 2.3 伺服驱动系统的概述.................................................................................. 6 2.4 交流伺服电机的分类.................................................................................. 8 2.5 伺服电机...................................................................................................... 8

2.5.1 工作原理.......................................................................................... 8 2.5.2 PLC控制方法................................................................................... 9 2.5.3 制动方式.......................................................................................... 9 2.5.5 交流伺服电机的速度控制............................................................ 10

3 PLC控制系统设计................................................................................................. 11

3.1 PLC简介..................................................................................................... 11 3.2 PLC特点..................................................................................................... 11 3.3 PLC主要功能............................................................................................. 11 3.4 PLC内部原理............................................................................................. 12 3.5 系统总体设计与选型................................................................................ 12 4. 系统流程图............................................................................................................ 15 5.PLC控制程序........................................................................................................... 16 参考文献...................................................................................................................... 17

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