2005年成人高考数学试题及答案（高起点文史类）

一、倍数增减的表示法

1) Force N1 _______________(比力N2大2.5倍). is 2.5 times greater than Force N2

（考点：倍数 + 形容词/副词比较级 + than）

2) This substance _______________(反应速度是另外那种物质的三倍). reacts three times as fast as the other one （考点：倍数 + as + 形容词/副词 + as）

3) The earth _______________(是月球大小的49倍). is 49 times the size of the moon （考点：倍数 + 名词）

4) The landlord _______________(想将租金提高三分之一). wants to raise the rent by a third

（考点：动词 + by + 数词/百分比/倍数）

5) They _______________(计划将投资增加一倍). plan to double their investment （考点：double + 名词） 二、时态 6

1) Be quick, _______________(否则等我们到达教堂时婚礼就已经结束了). or the wedding will have finished by the time we get to the church （考点：将来完成时）

2) When she got home, _______________(孩子们已经睡着了). the children had fallen asleep （考点：过去完成时）

3) When I prepare for the college entrance examination, _______________(我姐姐将在海边度假).

my sister will be taking her vacation at the seaside （考点：将来进行时）

4) I_______________(一上午都在修改我的简历). have been revising my resume all the morning （考点：现在完成进行时）

5) Do you often go on holiday? _______________(不，我已经有五年没有度假了). No. It has been five years since I went on holiday

（考点：It has been ? since sb. did sth. 表示某人有多长时间没有做某事了） 6) He joined the army in October, 2001. _______________(他参军已五年了). He has been in the army for 5 years

（考点：1. 现在完成时；2.要用持续性动词才能接一段时间） 三、被动语态 5

1) The blackboard and chalk _______________(正在被电脑和投影机所取代). is being replaced by the computer and the projector （考点：被动语态的现在进行时）

2) The book _______________(到今年年底就将已出版). ? will have been published by the end of this year （考点：被动语态的将来完成时）

? 3) Computer models _______________(可以用来演示细胞工作的方式).

? can be used to demonstrate the way that cells work

（考点：1. 被动语态与情态动词联用; 2. 汉语有些没有“被”字等标志词的句子也表示被动, 要译成英语的被动语态）

? 4) When the bill of fare was brought, _______________(我惊呆了，价格大大超出了我的预料).

? I was startled, for the prices were a great deal higher than I had anticipated （考点：同“3”的考点2）

? 5) _______________(必须立即采取有效措施)to eliminate sandy storms. ? Effective measures must be taken immediately

（考点：汉语的无主句通常翻译成英语的被动语态） 四、情态动词 5

1) The phone is ringing, _______________(但是没人接听。她一定不在家). but there is no answer. She can’t be at home

（考点：情态动词可以表示可能性，can’t 表示“一定不”）

2) I can’t find my sunglasses. _______________(我可能昨天落在咖啡店里了). ? I may have left them in the coffee shop yesterday

? （考点：“情态动词can/could, may/might, must + 完成式”用于表示对过去发生的动作的主观判断）

? 3) You screamed in your sleep last night. _______________(你一定梦见什么可怕的东西了).

? You must have dreamed of something terrible （考点：同上）

4) It’s a pity. _______________(你本应该邀请她来参加你的毕业典礼的). ? You should have invited her to your graduation ceremony

（考点：“情态动词should/ought to + have done” 用于评论过去应该做而实际并未做的动作，含有批评的意思）

5) _______________(其实我没必要穿上我最好的套装去参加那次聚会的); most of the guests were wearing jeans and sweaters.

? I needn’t have put on my best suit to go to the party ? （考点：“情态动词needn’t + have + done”表示对过去发生的动作进行评论，认为“无须发生”，“不必做”) 五、虚拟语气 22

? 1) I wish _______________(我年轻的时候有你们这样的机会). ? I had had your opportunities when I was young

（考点：I wish后的that从句中用过去完成式表示过去没有实现或不可能实现的愿望）

2) If only _______________(他知道这病是可以治好的)! Then he would not have killed himself.

he had known this disease is curable （考点：If only 引导的感叹句表示“但愿”或“要是??就好了”，用法与 I wish?基本相同）

3) —— Would you like him to paint your door with yellow stars?

—— I’d rather he _______________(漆成蓝色的，而且不带任何装饰). painted it blue, and without any decorations

（考点：would rather 后的that从句中用过去式表示不是事实）

? 4) It’s high time that _______________(采取措施解决交通堵塞的问题). ? measures were taken to solve the problem of traffic jams

（考点：It’s (about/high) time 后的that从句中用过去式，表示“该是??的时候了”）

5) Hugh usually talks _______________(仿佛在大会上发表演说似的). ? as though he were delivering a speech at an assembly

? （考点：as if / as though引导的从句中用过去式表示和现在事实相反或对现在情况有所怀疑）

6) We insist that _______________(让杰克立刻进医院). ? Jack (should) be sent to hospital right now ? （考点：表示“建议、命令、要求、想法”的动词所接的宾语从句通常用“(that) sb. (should) do”的虚拟形式）

? 7) It was advised that _______________(在居民区设立更多的流动商店). ? more mobile shops (should) be set up in the residential area

（考点：表示“建议、命令、要求、想法”的动词所接的主语从句通常用“(that) sb. (should) do”的虚拟形式）

8) His proposal was that _______________(他们成立一个专门委员会来检查这个问题).

? they (should) set up a special board/committee to examine this problem ? （考点：表示“建议、命令、要求、想法”的名词所接的表语从句通常用“(that) sb. (should) do”的虚拟形式）

9) We are going to discuss his suggestion that _______________(取消期中考试). ? the mid-term exams (should) be canceled

? （考点：表示“建议、命令、要求、想法”的名词所接的同位语从句通常用“(that) sb. (should) do”的虚拟形式）

10) It is ridiculous that _______________(我们在一个总是下雨的国家还缺水). ? we (should) be short of water in a country where it is always raining

? （考点：在It is/was +形容词后的that从句中常用“sb. should do”的形式表示建议惊奇等。

? 这类形容词常见的有：advisable, anxious, desirable, essential, important, impossible, improper, necessary, proper, urgent, vital, ）

11) It is essential that _______________(每个人都为紧急情况做好准备). ? everyone (should) be prepared for emergency （考点：同上）

12) _______________(如果他按照我告诉他的办法订票), we would have had quite a comfortable journey.

? If he had booked tickets in the way I told him

? （考点：在非真实条件句中用过去完成式表示与过去的事实相反）

? 13) I was to have made a speech _______________(要不是有人把我的话打断了).

if I had not been interrupted （考点：同上）

14) It didn’t rain last night. _______________(要是下了，地就会湿的).

? If it had rained, the ground would be wet

（考点：在非真实条件句中，当主句与从句表示的动作不是同时发生时，就根据情况用适当的谓语动词形式）

15) _______________(如果我一直住在纽约), I would know the U.S. well now. ? If I had been living in New York （考点：同上）

16) If the doctor had not come in time, _______________(他现在就不在人间了). ? he would be dead now （考点：同上）

17) But for his help, _______________(我们就不会以这么低的价格租到房子了). ? we could not have rent a house at such a low price

? （考点：but for经常作为非真实条件句中if的代用语） ? 18) I used my calculator; _______________(否则，我会花更长的时间才能算出这道题).

? otherwise, it would have taken me more time to work out this question ? （考点：otherwise也经常作为非真实条件句中if的代用语） 19) Were I in your place, _______________(我会毫不犹豫地抓住机会). ? I would seize the opportunity without hesitation ? （考点：在非真实条件句中如果有were, had, should这三个词，可以省去if，采用主谓语倒装的形式来表示条件）

20) Had it not been for their opposition, _______________(这项法案早就通过了). ? this act would have been passed much earlier （考点：同上）

? 21) Should there be another world war, _______________(人类的继续存在就会有危险).

? the continued existence of the human race would be in jeopardy （考点：同上）

? 22) He walked lightly _______________(以免惊醒婴儿). ? lest he should awaken the baby

? （考点：lest (以免)引导的从句通常用sb. should do的形式表示虚拟）

六、不定式 10

? 1) It was a great achievement _______________(10个月建成一栋24层的楼). ? to complete a 24-story building in 10 months

? （考点：不定式作主语时常用it作形式主语放在句首代替不定式，而将不定式移到谓语后面）

? 2) It is necessary _______________(我们在考试前好好地睡一晚上觉). ? for us to have a good night’s sleep before the test

? （考点：有时用“介词for + 代词/名词”来表示不定式的逻辑主语，这时整句的谓语描述的对象是事情，

? 这种情况下谓语中常用的形容词有：necessary, important, possible, impossible, all right, essential等）

? 3) It is generous _______________(你把这么多钱捐给灾区人民).

? of you to donate so much money to the people in the disaster area

（考点：有时用“介词of + 代词/名词”来表示不定式的逻辑主语，这时整句的谓语描述的对象是人，

? 常用的形容词有：bold, brave, careful, careless, cruel, foolish, generous, honest, kind, polite, rude, selfish, silly, stupid, thoughtful, thoughtless, wicked, wise, wrong） ? 4) The teacher decided _______________(不惩罚那些上课迟到的学生). ? not to punish those students who had been late for class

? （考点：1. 用不定式结构作decide的宾语；2.不定式的否定形式是在to前加not）

? 能带不定式作宾语的动词常见的有：afford, attempt, beg, decide, forget, intend, manage, mean, offer, prefer, promise, ）

? 5) Mr. Green was wondering _______________ (是否去看望在法国的儿子). ? whether to visit their son in France

? （考点：“疑问词+不定式”作动词wonder的宾语。

? 6) The gardener _______________(刚才警告我不要在中午给花浇水). ? warned me just now not to water flowers at noon （考点：不定式作宾语补语）

? 7) We _______________(请他给我们做有关现代艺术的讲座). ? invited him to give us a lecture on modern art ? （考点：同上）

? 8) He feels it challenging _______________(在这么大一所大学做学生会主席). ? to be the chairman of students’ union in so large a university （考点：动词 + it + 形容词/名词 + 不定式。it是形式宾语，不定式是真正宾语） ? 9) We hope to have more opportunities _______________(把我们在课堂上学到的东西应用于实践).

? to apply what we have learned in class to practice （考点：不定式作定语）

? 10) The bad weather _______________(破坏了我们在露天放电影的计划). ? ruined our plan to show the film in the open air （考点：同上） 七、分词 9

? 1) This is the first time that I heard _______________(用意大利语唱“祝你生日快乐”).

? “Happy birthday to you” sung in Italian （考点：分词作宾语补语）

? 2) The cars _______________(停在消防通道的) will be ticketed. ? parked in the fire lane （考点：分词作定语）

? 3) The war went on for years, _______________(夺去了成千上万人的生命). ? killing thousands upon thousands of people （考点：分词作结果状语）

? 4) The farmers used a new insecticide, thus _______________(将平均产量提高了15%).

? raising the average yield by 15 percent

（考点：同上）

? 5) Einstein watched the toy in delight, _______________(想推导出它的运转原理).

? trying to deduce its operating principle （考点：分词作伴随状语）

? 6) _______________(看到大家都在聚精会神地看书), we stopped talking and began to study.

? Seeing that everyone was bending over his/her book （考点：分词作原因状语）

? 7) _______________(被这个男孩的事迹深深打动了), they decided to pay for his education.

? Deeply moved by the boy’s deeds （考点：同上）

? 8) _______________(从一个年轻朋友的眼光来看), Einstein was a simple, modest and ordinary man.

? Seen from the eyes of a young friend （考点：分词作方式状语）

? 9) _______________(好久没有收到父母的来信了), he was worried about them. ? Not having heard from his parents for a long time

? （考点：1. 分词作原因状语；2.分词的否定形式；3.现在分词的完成式） 八、动名词 6

? 1) _______________(每天洗冷水澡) does him a lot of good. ? Taking a cold bath every day （考点：动名词作主语）

? 2) They tried to avoid _______________(让女儿做她不喜欢的事情). ? making their daughter do what she didn’t like to do （考点：动名词作动词的宾语）

? 3) Developing varieties is the key to _______________(使我们的产品进入国际市场).

? getting our goods into the international market （考点：动名词作介词的宾语）

? 4) It is no use _______________(为洒了的牛奶而哭泣). ? crying over spilled milk 考点：动名词用于固定结构。

? 5) He denied_______________(偷看了同桌的试卷). ? having peeked at his neighbor’s test paper （考点：动名词的完成式）

? 6) We congratulated her on _______________(被提升为经理). ? being promoted to manager （考点：动名词的被动式） 九、非谓语动词用法区别 10

? 1) Success means _______________(非常努力地工作). ? working very hard.

（考点：mean表示“意味着”）

? 2) John meant _______________(开车去那儿，但他的车出了故障). ? to drive there, but his car broke down （考点：mean表示“打算”）

? 3) I heard him _______________(在跟他的母亲谈话). ? talking to his mother （考点：强调正在进行）

? 4) I heard him _______________(跟他的母亲谈了一个小时). ? talk to his mother for an hour （考点：强调整个过程）

? 5) He jumped into the pool to save the child _______________(结果却摔断了自己的腿).

? only to break his own leg （考点：意料之外的结果）

? 6) He jumped from the burning house, _______________(摔断了双腿). ? breaking his legs

（考点：意料之中的结果）

? 7) He was happy _______________(看到父母很健康). ? to see his parents in good health （考点：不定式作原因状语位于句末）

? 8) _______________(看到父母安然无恙), he issued a sigh of relief. ? Seeing his parents safe and sound （考点：分词作原因状语位于句首）

? 9) _______________(跟随着它的脚印), the zoologists spotted the hungry panda. ? Following its footprints

（考点：现在分词强调主动）

? 10) The pop, _______________(后面跟着两个保镖), came to meet his fans. ? followed by two body guards （考点：过去分词强调被动） 十、名词从句 11

? 1) _______________(他们为什么离开家乡去云南) is still a secret. ? Why they left their hometown for Yunnan （考点：主语从句）

? 2) _______________(最让我不解的) was that he spoke English so well. ? What confused me most （考点：同上）

? 3) _______________(这么做是故意的) became obvious. ? That this was done on purpose （考点：同上）

? 4) It is not clear yet _______________(谁应该为这件事负责). ? who should be responsible for this matter

（考点：较长的主语从句可以后置，用it作形式主语）

? 5) It is none of your business _______________(玛丽与谁订婚). ? whom Mary is engaged to

（考点：同上）

? 6) Don’t put off till tomorrow _______________(今天能做的事). ? what can be done today （考点：宾语从句）

? 7) This novel is just _______________(我一直在寻找的). ? what I have been looking for （考点：表语从句）

? 8) It is not yet known _______________(机器人是否有一天能拥有象人一样的视力).

? whether/if robots will one day have vision as good as human vision （考点：whether/if引导后置的主语从句）

? 9) _______________(她是否喜欢那个礼物) is not clear to me. ? Whether she likes the present

（考点：whether引导前置的主语从句）

? 10) Finally, the workers got an answer _______________(政府做不了什么事来提高他们工资).

? that the Government could do nothing to raise their wages （考点：同位语从句）

? 11) Obviously, there was little certainty _______________(主席会同意他的提议).

? that the chairman would agree to this proposal （考点：同上） 十一、定语从句 4

? 1) Everyday many tourists come to visit _______________(鲁迅出生的那栋房子).

? the house where Lu Xun was born

（考点：先行词为地点，定语从句通常由where引导）

? 2) The old lady died _______________(在她儿子到达的那天). ? on the day when his son arrived

（考点：先行词为时间，定语从句通常由when引导） ? 3) This is _______________(我赞成这一改革的理由). ? the reason why I am in favor of this reform

（考点：先行词为reason，定语从句通常由why引导）

? 4) Some of the roads were flooded, _______________(这使我们的旅程更为艰难).

? which made our journey more difficult （考点：非限制性定语从句） 十二、状语从句 4

? 1) _______________(不管我们谈论什么), Jim brings polities into the discussion.

? Whatever we talk about （考点：让步状语从句）

? 2) _______________(不管观众中的一些人如何使劲地难为他), the comedian always had a quick, sharp reply.

? However hard some people in the audience tried to upset him

? 3) We climbed high _______________(这样我们就可以看到更好的风景). ? so that we might get a better view （考点：目的状语从句）

? 4) You can go out _______________(只要你答应晚上11点以前回来). ? as long as you promise to be back before 11 at night （考点：条件状语从句） 十三、比较级最高级 4

? 1) Does she dance _______________(跟她姐姐一样地优美)? ? as gracefully as her sister （考点：同级比较）

? 2) The buildings look _______________(在伦敦比在这儿难看得多). ? far uglier in London than here

（考点：用副词或词组来修饰比较级）

? 3) This is _______________(他画的最好的画之一). ? one of the best pictures that he has ever painted （考点：最高级）

? 4) The higher you climb, _______________(空气就越稀薄). ? the thinner the air becomes

（考点：“越??越??”结构） 十四、倒装句 5

? 1) Scarcely had she fallen asleep _______________(一阵敲门声就把她吵醒). ? when a knock at the door awakened her （考点：Hardly/ Scarcely ?when?结构）

? 2) No sooner had Anne arrived _______________(就生病了). ? than she fell ill

（考点：No sooner?than?结构）

? 3) The husband was not hospitable to the visitor. _______________(他妻子也没说一句欢迎的话).

? Nor did the wife say a word of welcome.

（考点：nor表示“后者与前者一样地不??”）

? 4) Only then _______________(那个医生才意识到他的病人需要手术). ? did the doctor realize that his patient needed surgery （考点：only引导的状语位于句首，句子倒装）

? 5) Only when you adjust down your price _______________(我们才能做成这笔买卖).

? can we conclude the business （考点：同上） 十五、强调句 5

? 1) _______________(正是Jefferson写下了) the Declaration of Independence. ? It was Jefferson who wrote （考点：强调主语）

? 2) _______________(作者是带着真挚的情感)praises all that is progressive.

? It is with genuine feeling that the author（考点：强调状语）

? 3) _______________(正是因为水涨了)we could not cross the river. It was because the water had risen that（考点：强调状语从句）

4) _______________(人们听见正是Jim 这个无情的家伙) shouting at his mother in the dead of night.

? It was Jim, the heartless fellow, who was heard（考点：强调主语） 5) _______________(直到我告诉她) Mrs. Williams knew anything about it. ? It was not until I told her that

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