曼昆宏观经济学英语课后题答案

CHAPTER 23: MEASURING A NATION’S INCOME

True/False

Indicate whether the statement is true or false.

1. The circular flow diagram describes all transactions between households and firms in a simple

economy and shows the equality of expenditures and income.

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2. Gross domestic product includes most items produced and sold illicitly.

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3. Net national product is the total income of a nation’s residents minus losses from depreciation.

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4. Disposable personal income is the income that households and unincorporated business have left

after satisfying all their obligations to the government. It equals personal income minus personal taxes and certain non-tax payments to government.

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5. The purchase of new houses by households is included in the calculation of personal consumption

expenditures of GDP.

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Multiple Choice

Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.

1. When GDP falls,

a. income and expenditure must both fall. b. income and expenditure can both rise. c. income must fall, but expenditure may rise or fall. d. expenditure must fall, but income may rise or fall.

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2. Income equals expenditure because

a. firms always pay out all their revenue as income to someone. b. each time a sale is made, there is a buyer and a seller.

c. households own the factors of production used to generate incomes. d. All of the above are correct.

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3. If a province makes the production and sale of illicit drugs legal, then GDP

a. must increase. b. must decrease. c. wouldn't change. d. may increase or decrease.

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4. When a government provides subsidies to encourage growth of small businesses, the subsidies

would

a. be included in GDP because they are invested by businesses. b. be included in GDP because they are a form of government spending. c. not be included in GDP because they are transfer payments.

d. may or may not be included in GDP, depending on how the funds are used.

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5. Diesel fuel is

a. always considered a final good.

b. counted as an intermediate good if a company uses it to provide transportation services. c. counted as a final good if a farmer uses it to run a tractor to grow crops. d. Both b and c are correct.

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6. Gross domestic product

a. is the market value of all final goods and services produced within a country in a given

period (usually a year)

b. is the income in the hands of individuals after deducting income taxes; income available to

households to spend and save

c. is the value of goods and services purchased by all levels of government— federal,

provincial, and local—in a given period

d. is the market value of all final goods and services produced by permanent residents of a

nation in a given time period

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7. Macroeconomics is that branch of economics that studies

a. the conditions of individual markets

b. the influence of governments on individual markets c. economy-wide phenomena d. only the private sector of the economy

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8. Suppose that nominal GDP is $6,000 billion and real GDP is $3,000. What is the GDP price

deflator? a. 125 b. 150 c. 200 d. 250

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9. The purchase of final goods and services by households is called

a. investment

b. public sector expenditure c. consumption d. net exports

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10. Investment is the purchase of capital equipment, inventories, and

a. structures b. non-durable goods c. depreciation d. import investment

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11. Transfer payments

a. are included in GDP because they are forms of income

b. are included in GDP because goods and services have been produced in the transfer c. are NOT included in the GDP because goods and services have not been produced in the

transfer

d. are included in GDP because they represent the production of transfers of goods and

services to foreign countries

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12. Which of the following would be considered consumption expenditure?

a. The Smiths buy a home built in 1990.

b. The federal government pays the salary of a captain in the Armed Forces. c. The Hostlers buy a new car that was manufactured in Germany. d. The government buys food for its armed forces.

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13. The method that measures GDP in relationship to the size of the population is called

a. GNP b. worker GDP c. GDP per person d. capital GDP

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14. The components of GDP are

a. C + I + G b. NX + G + C c. C + G + NX d. C + I + G + NX

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15. Suppose nominal GDP is $7700 and the GDP deflator is 110. Real GDP is

a. $7700 b. $7000

c. $847,000 d. $8470

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Short Answer

1. What are the components of gross domestic product (GDP)?

RESPONSE:

ANSWER: The components of GDP are: (1) consumption spending by households on goods

and services, with the exception of purchases of new housing; (2) Investment spending on capital equipment, inventories, and structures, including household purchases of new housing; (3) government purchases or spending on goods and services by the local, provincial, and federal levels governments; and (4) net exports which is spending on domestically produced goods and services by foreigners (exports) minus spending on foreign goods and services by domestic resident (imports).

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2. Differentiate between gross domestic product (GDP) and gross national product (GNP).

RESPONSE:

ANSWER: GDP is the value of all final goods and services produced within a country in a given

year; while GNP is the total income earned by a nation’s permanent residents or nationals (that is, Canadians). GNP differs from GDP by including income that citizens of the nation (Canada) earned aboard, and excluding income that foreigners earn in the particular country (E.g. in Canada).

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3. Differentiate between real GDP and nominal GDP.

RESPONSE:

ANSWER: Nominal GDP is the value of all final goods and services produced within a country in

a year and valued at current prices; and real GDP is the GDP valued at constant base year prices. Real GDP is not affected by changes in the level of prices, so it reflects only changes in the amounts being produced.

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4. Explain why GDP is not considered a perfect measure of well- being?

RESPONSE:

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