韩苏：2014考研英语阅读每日一篇(24)

23b9650ee87101f69f319503

韩苏：2014考研英语阅读每日一篇(24)

我们要坚信未来！不论现实的苦难如何，它们只不过是挡在我们与未来的幸福之间的一阵迷雾！当雾散去，你才醒悟，一切晚矣！但是，如果，你能直指本性，一路前行，其实，成功就在前方！"2014考研基础阅读每日一篇"的第二十四篇，我们做起来，拼一个未来无悔。

Unit6 社会文化发

Text1 正文

In ancient Greece athletic festivals were very important and had strong religious associations. The Olympian athletic festival held every four years in honor of Zeus, king of the Olympian Gods, eventually lost its local character, became first a national event and then, after the rules against foreign competitors had been abolished, international. No one knows exactly how far back the Olympic Games go, but some official records date from 776 B.C. The games took place in August on the plain by Mount Olympus. Many thousands of spectators gathered from all parts of Greece, but no married woman was admitted even as a spectator. Slaves, women and dishonored persons were not allowed to compete. The exact sequence of events uncertain, but events included boy’s

23b9650ee87101f69f319503 gymnastics, boxing, wrestling, horse racing and field events, though there were fewer sports involved than in the modern Olympic Games.

On the last day of the Games, all the winners were honored by having a ring of holy olive leaves placed on their heads. So great was the honor that the winner of the foot race gave his name to the year of his victory. Although Olympic winners received no prize money, they were, in fact, richly rewarded by their state authorities. How their results compared with modern standards, we unfortunately have no means of telling.

After an uninterrupted history of almost 1,200 years, the Games were suspended by the Romans in 394 A.D. They continued for such a long time because people believed in the philosophy behind the Olympics: the idea that a healthy body produced a healthy mind, and that the spirit of competition in sports and games was preferable to the competition that caused wars. It was over 1,500 years before another such international athletic gathering took place in Athens in 1896.

Nowadays, the Games are held in different countries in turn. The host country provides vast facilities, including a stadium, swimming pools and living accommodation, but competing courtiers pay their own athletes’ expenses.

The Olympics start with the arrival in the stadium of a torch, lighted on Mount Olympus by the sun’s rays. It is carried by a succession of runners to the stadium. The torch symbolized the continuation of the ancient Greek athletic ideals, and it burns throughout the Games until the closing ceremony. The well-known Olympic flag, however, is a modern conception: the five interlocking rings symbolize the uniting of all five continents participating in the Games. Text1 习题

1.In ancient Greece, the Olympic Games ________.

[A] were merely national athletic festivals

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[B] were in the nature of a national event with a strong religious colour

[C] had rules which put foreign participants in a disadvantageous position

[D] were primarily national events with few foreign participants

2.In the early days of ancient Olympic Games ________.

[A] only male Greek athletes were allowed to participate in the games

[B] all Greeks, irrespective of sex, religion or social status, were allowed to take part

[C] all Greeks, with the exception of women, were allowed to compete in Games

[D] all male Greeks were qualified to compete in the Games

3. The order of athletic events at the ancient Olympics ________.

[A] has not definitely been established

[B] varied according to the number of foreign competitors

[C] was decided by Zeus, in whose honor the Games were held

[D] was considered unimportant

4. Modern athletes’ results cannot be compared with those of ancient runners because ________.

[A] the Greeks had no means of recording the results

[B] they are much better

[C] details such as the time were not recorded in the past

[D] they are much worse

5.Nowadays, the athletes’ expenses are paid for ________.

[A] out of the prize money of the winners

[B] out of the funds raised by the competing nations

[C] by the athletes themselves

[D] by contributions

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Text1 全文翻译

在古希腊，运动节日非常重要且与宗教紧密相关。为纪念奥林匹亚山的众神之主宙斯，奥林匹克运动节每四年举办一次，最后失去了区域性特征，先是演变为全国性的运动会，当反对外国运动员参赛的规定被废除后，又继而成为了国际性的运动会。没有人确切地知道奥运会可以追溯到何时，但是一些官方记录始于公元前776年。

运动会八月份在奥林匹斯山旁边的平原举行。成千上万的观众从希腊各地聚集到这里，但是已婚妇女连做观众的资格都没有。奴隶、妇女和那些声誉不好的人不允许参加竞赛。项目的顺序不确定，但包括男子体操、拳击、摔跤、赛马以及一些田径项目，尽管这相对于现代运动会来说项目很少。

在比赛的最后一天，所有的获胜者将会头戴一个由橄榄树叶编成的圣洁花环。赛跑获胜者会获得极高的荣誉：他获胜的这一年将会以他的名字来命名。尽管奥运会获胜者不会获得任何奖金，但实际上，他们会获得城邦政府所给予的丰厚奖赏。遗憾的是，至于他们的比赛成绩与现代标准相比究竟如何，我们没有依据作出判断。

经过大约1200 年连续的历史之后，奥运会在公元394年被罗马人取消了。奥运会之所以能够在如此长的一段时间内连续举办是因为人们相信奥林匹克蕴含的精神：健康的体魄产生健康的思想，体育运动中的竞争精神优于导致战争的竞争。大约1500年之后，这样的国际性运动员大聚会于1896年在雅典重新举行。

现在，奥运会在不同的国家轮流举办。主办国提供大量的设施，包括体育场、游泳池和住处，但是运动员的花费由参赛国自己负责。

由奥林匹斯山上的阳光点燃的火炬进入体育场标志着奥运会正式开始。多人跑步将其接力传递到体育场。火炬象征着古希腊运动思想的延续，它将一直燃烧到运动会的闭幕式。但著名的奥运会会旗却是一个现代的概念；串连在一起的五环象征着参加运动会的五个大洲紧密团结在一起。

Text1 重点句

They continued for such a long time because people believed in the philosophy behind the Olympics: the idea that a healthy body produced a healthy mind, and that the spirit of competition in sports and games was preferable to the competition that caused wars.

该句意义

该They句是考研中较为经典的复杂句式，对于其的理解将有助于未来的考研复习，并最终提升成。

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该句语法：

第一个主谓宾结构：主句

主语：They

谓语： continued

时间状语：for such a long time

原因状语（从句）：because people believed in the philosophy behind the Olympics:

第二个主谓宾结构：原因状语从句

主语：people

谓语：believed

宾语：the philosophy

宾语后置定语：behind the Olympics

宾语同位语：the philosophy=the idea

同位语从句（1）：that a healthy body produced a healthy mind,

同位语从句（2）：and that the spirit of competition in sports and games was preferable to the competition that caused wars.

需要注意在以上两个同位从句从的第二句子里，省略了重复出现的“the idea”，属于重复省略。

第三个主谓宾结构：同位语从句（1）

主语：a healthy body

23b9650ee87101f69f319503 谓语：produced

宾语：a mind

主语前置定语：healthy

宾语前置定语：healthy

第四个主谓宾结构：同位语从句（2）

主语：the spirit

谓语（系动词）：was

宾语（表语）：preferable

主语后置定语：of competition

定语中名词的后置定语：in sports and games

宾语（表语）的逻辑宾语：to the competition

宾语（表语）的逻辑宾语的后置定语：that caused wars

第五个主谓宾结构：定语从句（2）

主语：that= the competition

谓语：caused

宾语：wars

Text1 习题答案

答案:CAACB

1. In ancient Greece, the Olympic Games ________.

1. 在古希腊，奥运会______。

[A] were merely national athletic festivals

[A] 只是全国性的运动节日

23b9650ee87101f69f319503

[B] were in the nature of a national event with a strong religious colour

[B] 是带有强烈的宗教色彩的全国性活动

[C] had rules which put foreign participants in a disadvantageous position

[C]曾经有使外国参赛者处于劣势地位的规定

[D] were primarily national events with few foreign participants

[D] 基本上是没有外国参赛者的国内活动

2. In the early days of ancient Olympic Games ________.

2. 在古希腊奥运会的早期_______。

[A] only male Greek athletes were allowed to participate in the games

[A] 只有男性希腊运动员才被允许参赛比赛

[B] all Greeks, irrespective of sex, religion or social status, were allowed to take part

[B] 所有性别、宗教信仰、社会地位的希腊人都被允许参赛

[C] all Greeks, with the exception of women, were allowed to compete in Games

[C] 所有希腊人（妇女除外）都被允许参赛

[D] all male Greeks were qualified to compete in the Games

[D] 所有的希腊男性都有资格参赛

3.The order of athletic events at the ancient Olympics ________.

3.古代奥运会中，比赛项目的顺序_____。

[A] has not definitely been established

[A] 没有确定。

[B] varied according to the number of foreign competitors

[B] 根据外国参赛者数目的不同而不同

[C] was decided by Zeus, in whose honor the Games were held

[C] 由举办奥运会旨在纪念的宙斯确定。

[D] was considered unimportant

[D] 被认为是不重要的事情

4.Modern athletes’ results cannot be compared with those of ancient runners because _____.

4.无法将现代运动员的成绩与古代的参赛者相比是因为___.

[A] the Greeks had no means of recording the results

[A] 希腊当时没有记录成绩的方法

[B] they are much better

[B] 他们的成绩好得多

[C] details such as the time were not recorded in the past

[C] 过去没有记录时间等细节

[D] they are much worse

[D] 他们的成绩差得多

5. Nowadays, the athletes’ expenses are paid for ________.

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5．现在，运动员的花费由____支付。

[A] out of the prize money of the winners

[A] 获胜者的奖金

[B] out of the funds raised by the competing nations

[B] 参赛国筹集的基金

[C] by the athletes themselves

[C] 运动员自己

[D] by contributions

[D] 捐助资金

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