2014年湖北公务员考试行测真题及答案（学宝教育）

videoconference, Secretary of the provincial Committee of Xia Baolong stressed: this year is the \ years to resolve outstanding issues, obviously worked,\of the year. The County's departments at all levels must firmly establish the \old and silver\opment concept, convinced that Castle is not relaxed, always maintaining strategic ability and strong determination to improve the environment, consistently playing well \he war, ever-higher levels of comprehensive well-off society was built. (A) lay the sewage uphill battle. This year we will \oved at the county level, up to five\basic objective grasp of pollution control that focus, with the focus on three things: a good job, \ rivers\he County created. Organization \ook back\al inspection, the County garbage River, black and odorous River is \stigation, timelyrectification of problems found in place firmly to prevent river pollution rebound. In accordance with the \-stop strategy\oring stations work this year to ensure the Elimination of 1 provincial control, five water quality section 3 municipalities controlled deterioration, ensure the creation this year of \cial attention to pollution-cutting construction of nanotubes. Intercepting nanotubes are the basis of pollution of water source engineering, engineering, matter of success or failure of water management. Urban sewage treatment, to improve %unning accuracy, compliance\nt, speed up the town's support network construction, is focusing on nanotubes home \on. Domestic sewage treatment in rural areas, this year is the final year of the three-year action, determination to fight and the momentum around, ending the battle on which fully to ensure the realization of all County 648 formed village coverage. Also, be sure to attach importance to focus on rural domestic wastewater treatment facility operation and management, ensure that wastewater treatment facility up and running, role play, avoid the \d, pay special attention to the River Lake pond desilting operation. Provinces now have focused on pollution control of water go to \s the deepening water of this year's \s\Next, to jump-start an investigation line touches work, implementation plan according to the priorities and the programme of work, in accordance with the \one policy\detailed cleaning, dredging plan, planning ahead of time cleaning out mud \ocal conditions to do sludge, promote scientific resource utilization of silt and mud. (B) the heavy regulation of heavily polluting industries. Pollution of water must grab the source, wastewater is primarily the source of backward production capacity, increase the intensity of

2014年湖北公务员考试行政职业能力测验真题卷

一、常识判断

1.关于我国公务员制度，下列叙述正确的是（ ） A.正在接受纪律审查的公务员不得辞去公职 B.我国公务员培训的基地是党校

C.公务员对降职不服，可以向人民法院提出申诉 D.公务员考核的基本内容包括德、能、勤、绩、才 【考点】时政 【答案】A。 【解析】选项A是正确的。公务员承担国家事务和社会公共事务管理的职能，关系重大，在保证公务员辞去公职自由的同时，必须保障国家利益、公共利益不受损害。根据《公务员法》第八十一条的规定，以下五种情形的公务员不得辞去公职：(1)未满国家规定的最低服务年限的。(2)在涉及国家秘密等特殊职位任职或者离开上述职位不满国家规定的脱密期限的。(3)重要公务尚未处理完毕，且须由本人继续处理的。(4)正在接受审计、纪律审查，或者涉嫌犯罪，司法程序尚未终结的。(5)法律、行政法规规定的其他不得辞去公职的情形。目前我国尚未建立专门的公务员培训施教育基地，培训工作只有临时性地依托各级行政学院（校）或党校承担。因此，选项B是错误的。任免机关或者监察机关对行政机关公务员给予处分，是行政机关的一种内部行政行为。《中华人民共和国行政诉讼法》第十二条规定：“人民法院不受理公民、法人或者其他组织对下列事项提起的诉讼：(一)国防、外交等国家行为；(二)行政法规、规章或者行政机关制定、发布的具有普遍约束力的决定，命令；(三)行政机关对行政机关工作人员的奖惩、任免等决定；(四)法律规定由行政机关最终裁决的具体行政行为。根据这一规定，行政机关公务员对处分不服的，只能向原处理机关、同级公务员主管部门或者作出该处分的机关的上一级机关、有管辖权的监察机关提出申诉，不能向人民法院提起申诉。因此，选项C是错误的。《中华人民共和国公务员法》第33条：对公务员的考核，按照管理权限，全面考核公务员的德、能、勤、绩、廉，重点考核工作实绩。因此，选项D是错误的。

此题正确答案为A。

2.关于我国的农民工现象，下列说法错误的是（ ） A.农民工是我国特有的城乡二元体制的产物

B.“新生代农民工”主要指80后、90后，目前在农民工群体中占一半以上 C.从输出地看，中部地区输出农民工最多，西部次之，东部最少 D.近年来跨省流动农民工所占比重继续下降 【考点】时政 【答案】C。 【解析】农民工,是指在本地乡镇企业或者进入城镇务工的农业户口人员,农民工是我国特有的城乡二元体制的产物,是我国在特殊的历史时期出现的一个特殊的社会群体。因此，选项A是正确的。2010年1月31日，国务院发布的2010年中央一号文件《关于加大统筹城乡发展力度进一步夯实农业农村发展基础的若干意见》中，首次使用了“新生代农民工”的提法，并要求采取有针对性的措施，着力解决新生代农民工问题，让新生代农民工市民化。“新生代农民工”，主要是指80后、90后，这批人目前在农民工外出打工的1.5亿人里面占到60%，大约1个亿。因此说“新生代农民工”目前在农民工群体中占一半以上是正确的，

reatment of heavily polluting industries. According to municipal, and municipal government deployment of seven big heavy pollution industry regulation \s action plans\o December 2016 end of Qian, all included shut stopped eliminated of enterprise all shut stopped eliminated in place; June 30, 2017 Qian, all included place regulation upgrade and agglomeration restructuring of enterprise by unified standard regulation in place, late not standard of enterprise are implementation discontinued; June 30, 2018 Qian, all intends Park production of enterprise relocation Park in place, late not Park of are discontinued. In the process of renovation, will focus on four aspects: to firmly close the high energy consumption and heavy pollution, hopeless enterprise governance and production lines, eliminated a number of yearly emission intensity, low value-added products of backward production capacity. Second, we must strictly enforce the space, total project \environment access system, promoting industry access and environmental conditions of access of enterprises to the Park, industrial park, in principle, no longer the class on the new project. Thirdly, promoting replacement and reconstruction of heavily polluting industries, mergers and reorganizations, guide enterprises to energy conservation, recycling and low-carbon and clean production, and improve the level of green development. Four to establish a long-term supervision mechanism, increase the intensity of special inspections, investigate and punish the rectification is not in place, normal business of running anti-pollution installations do not. (Iii) linkage to promote flood control water, drainage, water supply, improving water saving. Speed up cross ng support river dike reinforcement, and along Pu seawall except insurance reinforcement, and Lake Qian sluice, and BA Cao sluice, and cloud cover reservoir, focus flood control drainage engineering construction, vigorouslyimplementation \brary\di\ow\neering, increased geological disaster hidden points governance efforts, solid advance small basin torrent disaster governance, efforts from essentially solution basin sex, and regional flood control drainage capacity insufficient of problem. Vigorously implement the piers, algae and other water sources protection and, promoting rural drinking water safety projects, setting up water pricing reform and environmental protection mechanism, guiding water depth. Further soil pollution and repair, strengthen agricultural non-point source pollution prevention, mountain, water, forests, fields, lakes, various elements mutual long. Four, manage to tighten control, to play \split\Xia Baolong, Secretary of provincial party Committee stressed that while the \split\s over three years, but \\continue to catch on, and resolve a split cannot be changed. All localities and departmentto the village and %unauthorised\videoconference, Secretary of the provincial Committee of Xia Baolong stressed: this year is the \ timetables \ years to resolve outstanding issues, obviously worked,\of the year. The County's departments at all levels must firmly establish the \old and silver\opment concept, convinced that Castle is not relaxed, always maintaining strategic ability and strong determination to improve the environment, consistently playing well \he war, ever-higher levels of comprehensive well-off society was built. (A) lay the sewage uphill battle. This year we will \oved at the county level, up to five\basic objective grasp of pollution control that focus, with the focus on three things: a good job, \ rivers\he County created. Organization \ook back\al inspection, the County garbage River, black and odorous River is \stigation, timelyrectification of problems found in place firmly to prevent river pollution rebound. In accordance with the \-stop strategy\oring stations work this year to ensure the Elimination of 1 provincial control, five water quality section 3 municipalities controlled deterioration, ensure the creation this year of \cial attention to pollution-cutting construction of nanotubes. Intercepting nanotubes are the basis of pollution of water source engineering, engineering, matter of success or failure of water management. Urban sewage treatment, to improve %unning accuracy, compliance\nt, speed up the town's support network construction, is focusing on nanotubes home \on. Domestic sewage treatment in rural areas, this year is the final year of the three-year action, determination to fight and the momentum around, ending the battle on which fully to ensure the realization of all County 648 formed village coverage. Also, be sure to attach importance to focus on rural domestic wastewater treatment facility operation and management, ensure that wastewater treatment facility up and running, role play, avoid the \d, pay special attention to the River Lake pond desilting operation. Provinces now have focused on pollution control of water go to \s the deepening water of this year's \s\Next, to jump-start an investigation line touches work, implementation plan according to the priorities and the programme of work, in accordance with the \one policy\detailed cleaning, dredging plan, planning ahead of time cleaning out mud \ocal conditions to do sludge, promote scientific resource utilization of silt and mud. (B) the heavy regulation of heavily polluting industries. Pollution of water must grab the source, wastewater is primarily the source of backward production capacity, increase the intensity of 选项B是正确的。根据国家统计局《2012年全国农民工监测调查报告》，从输出地看，东部地区农民工11191万人，占农民工总量的42.6%；中部地区农民工8256万人，占农民工总量的31.4%；西部地区农民工6814万人，占农民工总量的26.0%。因此从输出地看，东部地区输出农民工最多，中部次之，西部最少。因此，选项C是错误的。2012年，跨省流动农民工所占比重继续下降。在外出农民工中，跨省流动的农民工占46.8%，这一比例较上年下降0.3个百分点，主要原因是东中西部农民工收入差距已不到百元，加上差旅等费用的损耗，在东部沿海打工的优势已不再明显。因此，选项D是正确的。

此题答案为C。

3.关于亚洲政体女性首脑，下列说法错误的是（ ） A.克拉松·阿基诺夫人是亚洲首位女总统 B.阿罗约曾任菲律宾总统之职 C.朴槿惠的父亲曾任韩国总统 D.英拉·西那瓦是马来西亚总理 【考点】时政 【答案】D。

【解析】1986年2月25日，阿基诺夫人在国家电视台发表讲话，宣布正式接管全国权力，成为菲律宾和亚洲国家历史上第一位女总统。在她的不懈努力下，菲律宾在政治、经济和军事等领域采取一系列稳妥措施，极大地改善了国家所面临的严峻局面。1988年2月，阿基诺夫人表示不谋求连任。1992年卸任后，她出任首都银行基金会名誉会长。1988年4，阿基诺夫人曾以总统身份访问中国。2009年8月1日凌晨，阿基诺夫人因患结肠癌医治无效，在菲律宾首都马尼拉逝世。因此，选项A是正确的。

格洛丽亚·马卡帕加尔·阿罗约1947年4月5日生于菲律宾班诗兰省，是菲律宾前总统迪奥斯达多·马卡帕加尔的女儿。2001年，阿罗约当选菲律宾第14届总统，她是菲律宾第二位女总统，阿罗约在2004年5月举行的大选中获胜连任总统。因此，选项B是正确的。

朴槿惠是现任韩国第18任总统。生于1952年2月2日。曾任新国家党党代表、国会议员，韩国前总统朴正熙的长女。因此其父亲曾任韩国总统的说法是正确的，选项C正确。

英拉·西那瓦，泰国总理，著名企业家，1967年出生于泰国清迈府，第四代泰国华裔，祖籍广东省梅州市丰顺县塔下村，客家人后裔，是泰国前总理他信·西那瓦最小的妹妹。因此，选项D是错误的。

此题正确答案为D。

4.关于四大文明古国及其数学成就，下列对应错误的是（ ） A.古埃及：“0”的发现 B.古印度：阿拉伯数字 C.古巴比伦：六十进位制 D.古中国：勾股定理 【考点】时政 【答案】A。

【解析】0是极为重要的数字,0这个数字由古印度人在约公元5世纪时发明。因此，选项A的说法是错误的。

阿拉伯数字是现今国际通用数字。最初由印度人发明，后由阿拉伯人传向欧洲，之后再经欧洲人将其现代化。正因阿拉伯人的传播，成为该种数字最终被国际通用的关键节点，所以人们称其为“阿拉伯数字”。阿拉伯数字由0，1，2，3，4，5，6，7，8，9共10个计数

reatment of heavily polluting industries. According to municipal, and municipal government deployment of seven big heavy pollution industry regulation \s action plans\o December 2016 end of Qian, all included shut stopped eliminated of enterprise all shut stopped eliminated in place; June 30, 2017 Qian, all included place regulation upgrade and agglomeration restructuring of enterprise by unified standard regulation in place, late not standard of enterprise are implementation discontinued; June 30, 2018 Qian, all intends Park production of enterprise relocation Park in place, late not Park of are discontinued. In the process of renovation, will focus on four aspects: to firmly close the high energy consumption and heavy pollution, hopeless enterprise governance and production lines, eliminated a number of yearly emission intensity, low value-added products of backward production capacity. Second, we must strictly enforce the space, total project \environment access system, promoting industry access and environmental conditions of access of enterprises to the Park, industrial park, in principle, no longer the class on the new project. Thirdly, promoting replacement and reconstruction of heavily polluting industries, mergers and reorganizations, guide enterprises to energy conservation, recycling and low-carbon and clean production, and improve the level of green development. Four to establish a long-term supervision mechanism, increase the intensity of special inspections, investigate and punish the rectification is not in place, normal business of running anti-pollution installations do not. (Iii) linkage to promote flood control water, drainage, water supply, improving water saving. Speed up cross ng support river dike reinforcement, and along Pu seawall except insurance reinforcement, and Lake Qian sluice, and BA Cao sluice, and cloud cover reservoir, focus flood control drainage engineering construction, vigorouslyimplementation \brary\di\ow\neering, increased geological disaster hidden points governance efforts, solid advance small basin torrent disaster governance, efforts from essentially solution basin sex, and regional flood control drainage capacity insufficient of problem. Vigorously implement the piers, algae and other water sources protection and, promoting rural drinking water safety projects, setting up water pricing reform and environmental protection mechanism, guiding water depth. Further soil pollution and repair, strengthen agricultural non-point source pollution prevention, mountain, water, forests, fields, lakes, various elements mutual long. Four, manage to tighten control, to play \split\Xia Baolong, Secretary of provincial party Committee stressed that while the \split\s over three years, but \continue to catch on, and resolve a split cannot be changed. All localities and departmentto the village and %unauthorised\videoconference, Secretary of the provincial Committee of Xia Baolong stressed: this year is the \ timetables \ years to resolve outstanding issues, obviously worked,\of the year. The County's departments at all levels must firmly establish the %ui is gold and silver\opment concept, convinced that Castle is not relaxed, always maintaining strategic ability and strong determination to improve the environment, consistently playing well \he war, ever-higher levels of comprehensive well-off society was built. (A) lay the sewage uphill battle. This year we will \oved at the county level, up to five\basic objective grasp of pollution control that focus, with the focus on three things: a good job, \ rivers\he County created. Organization \ook back\al inspection, the County garbage River, black and odorous River is \stigation, timelyrectification of problems found in place firmly to prevent river pollution rebound. In accordance with the \-stop strategy\oring stations work this year to ensure the Elimination of 1 provincial control, five water quality section 3 municipalities controlled deterioration, ensure the creation this year of \cial attention to pollution-cutting construction of nanotubes. Intercepting nanotubes are the basis of pollution of water source engineering, engineering, matter of success or failure of water management. Urban sewage treatment, to improve %unning accuracy, compliance\nt, speed up the town's support network construction, is focusing on nanotubes home \on. Domestic sewage treatment in rural areas, this year is the final year of the three-year action, determination to fight and the momentum around, ending the battle on which fully to ensure the realization of all County 648 formed village coverage. Also, be sure to attach importance to focus on rural domestic wastewater treatment facility operation and management, ensure that wastewater treatment facility up and running, role play, avoid the \d, pay special attention to the River Lake pond desilting operation. Provinces now have focused on pollution control of water go to \s the deepening water of this year's \s\Next, to jump-start an investigation line touches work, implementation plan according to the priorities and the programme of work, in accordance with the \one policy\detailed cleaning, dredging plan, planning ahead of time cleaning out mud \ocal conditions to do sludge, promote scientific resource utilization of silt and mud. (B) the heavy regulation of heavily polluting industries. Pollution of water must grab the source, wastewater is primarily the source of backward production capacity, increase the intensity of国家公务员考试网（www.chinagwy.org）及公考网校“学宝云课堂”由学宝教育运营

符号组成。因此，选项B是正确的。

古巴比伦时代的科学以数学和天文最为发达，计数法采用十进位和六十进位法。六十进制是以60为基数的进位制，六十进位法应用于计算周天的度数和计时，至今为全世界所沿袭。因此，选项C是正确的。

勾股定理是一个初等几何定理，是人类早期发现并证明的重要数学定理之一，用代数思想解决几何问题的最重要的工具之一，也是数形结合的纽带之一。勾股定理最早记载于公元前十一世纪我国古代的《周髀算经》，在我国古籍《九章算术》中提出“出入相补”原理证明勾股定理。在西方勾股定理又被成为“毕达哥拉斯定理”。因此，选项D是正确的。

此题正确答案为A。

5.下列思想流派与产生时代对应错误的是（ ） A.儒学——汉代 B.玄学——魏晋 C.理学——宋代 D.心学——明代 【考点】时政 【答案】A。

【解析】儒家思想也称为儒教或儒学，由孔子创立，产生于春秋战国时期，最初指的是司仪，后来逐步发展为以尊卑等级的仁为核心的思想体系，是中国影响最大的流派，也是中国古代的主流意识。儒家学派对中国，东亚乃至全世界都产生过深远的影响。因此，选项A是错误的。

玄学又称新道家是对《老子》、《庄子》和《周易》的研究和解说。产生于魏晋。是魏晋时期的主要哲学思潮，是道家和儒家融合而出现的一种哲学、文化思潮。因此，选项B是正确的。

理学是中国宋元明清时期的哲学思潮,又称道学。它产生于北宋,成熟于南宋与元、明时代,清代中期以后逐渐衰落,但其影响则一直延续到近代。因此，选项C是正确的。

心学，作为儒学的一门学派。最早可推溯自孟子，而北宋程灏开其端，南宋陆九渊则大启其门径，而与朱熹的理学分庭抗礼。至明朝，由王守仁（号阳明，下文王阳明即此人）首度提出“心学”两字，并提出心学的宗旨在於“致良知”，至此心学开始有清晰而独立的学术脉络。因此，选项D是正确的。

此题正确答案为A。

6.关于政治思想，下列表述错误的是（ ） A.孟德斯鸠提出三权分立学说

B.伏尔泰最早提出社会契约论的思想 C.柏拉图主张建立哲学王统治的国家 D.让·布丹提出君主主权学说 【考点】时政 【答案】B。

【解析】三权分立理论被人们认为是法国的启蒙思想家孟德斯鸠最重要的理论之一,也是其代表作《论法的精神》中对后世影响最大的一部分。是关于资产阶级政权设置的思想。主要内容是,立法权、行政权和司法权三权分立。

社会契约论（又译《民约论》或称政治权利原理）是法国思想家让·雅克·卢梭于1762年(壬午年）写成的一本书。社会契约论的主要表述是探究是否存在合法的政治权威，书中

reatment of heavily polluting industries. According to municipal, and municipal government deployment of seven big heavy pollution industry regulation \s action plans\s to December 2016 end of Qian, all included shut stopped eliminated of enterprise all shut stopped eliminated in place; June 30, 2017 Qian, all included place regulation upgrade and agglomeration restructuring of enterprise by unified standard regulation in place, late not standard of enterprise are implementation discontinued; June 30, 2018 Qian, all intends Park production of enterprise relocation Park in place, late not Park of are discontinued. In the process of renovation, will focus on four aspects: to firmly close the high energy consumption and heavy pollution, hopeless enterprise governance and production lines, eliminated a number of yearly emission intensity, low value-added products of backward production capacity. Second, we must strictly enforce the space, total project \environment access system, promoting industry access and environmental conditions of access of enterprises to the Park, industrial park, in principle, no longer the class on the new project. Thirdly, promoting replacement and reconstruction of heavily polluting industries, mergers and reorganizations, guide enterprises to energy conservation, recycling and low-carbon and clean production, and improve the level of green development. Four to establish a long-term supervision mechanism, increase the intensity of special inspections, investigate and punish the rectification is not in place, normal business of running anti-pollution installations do not. (Iii) linkage to promote flood control water, drainage, water supply, improving water saving. Speed up cross ng support river dike reinforcement, and along Pu seawall except insurance reinforcement, and Lake Qian sluice, and BA Cao sluice, and cloud cover reservoir, focus flood control drainage engineering construction, vigorously implementation \brary\d row\ngineering, increased geological disaster hidden points governance efforts, solid advance small basin torrent disaster governance, efforts from essentially solution basin sex, and regional flood control drainage capacity insufficient of problem. Vigorously implement the piers, algae and other water sources protection and, promoting rural drinking water safety projects, setting up water pricing reform and environmental protection mechanism, guiding water depth. Further soil pollution and repair, strengthen agricultural non-point source pollution prevention, mountain, water, forests, fields, lakes, various elements mutual long. Four, manage to tighten control, to play \a Baolong, Secretary of provincial party Committee stressed that while the \on time is over three years, but \to split\catch on, and resolve a split cannot be changed. All localities and departments to the village and %unauthorised\3

videoconference, Secretary of the provincial Committee of Xia Baolong stressed: this year is the \ timetables \ years to resolve outstanding issues, obviously worked,\of the year. The County's departments at all levels must firmly establish the \old and silver\opment concept, convinced that Castle is not relaxed, always maintaining strategic ability and strong determination to improve the environment, consistently playing well \he war, ever-higher levels of comprehensive well-off society was built. (A) lay the sewage uphill battle. This year we will \oved at the county level, up to five\basic objective grasp of pollution control that focus, with the focus on three things: a good job, \ rivers\he County created. Organization \ook back\al inspection, the County garbage River, black and odorous River is \stigation, timelyrectification of problems found in place firmly to prevent river pollution rebound. In accordance with the \-stop strategy\oring stations work this year to ensure the Elimination of 1 provincial control, five water quality section 3 municipalities controlled deterioration, ensure the creation this year of \cial attention to pollution-cutting construction of nanotubes. Intercepting nanotubes are the basis of pollution of water source engineering, engineering, matter of success or failure of water management. Urban sewage treatment, to improve %unning accuracy, compliance\nt, speed up the town's support network construction, is focusing on nanotubes home \on. Domestic sewage treatment in rural areas, this year is the final year of the three-year action, determination to fight and the momentum around, ending the battle on which fully to ensure the realization of all County 648 formed village coverage. Also, be sure to attach importance to focus on rural domestic wastewater treatment facility operation and management, ensure that wastewater treatment facility up and running, role play, avoid the \d, pay special attention to the River Lake pond desilting operation. Provinces now have focused on pollution control of water go to \s the deepening water of this year's \s\Next, to jump-start an investigation line touches work, implementation plan according to the priorities and the programme of work, in accordance with the \one policy\detailed cleaning, dredging plan, planning ahead of time cleaning out mud \ocal conditions to do sludge, promote scientific resource utilization of silt and mud. (B) the heavy regulation of heavily polluting industries. Pollution of water must grab the source, wastewater is primarily the source of backward production capacity, increase the intensity of “人人生而自由,却无处不在枷锁中”的名句,激励了古今中外无数仁人志士投身追求民主与自由。

柏拉图是著名的古希腊哲学家，他写下了许多哲学的对话录，并且在雅典创办了著名的学院。柏拉图是苏格拉底的学生，也是亚里士多德的老师，他们三人被广泛认为是西方哲学的奠基者。柏拉图认为政治制度应该是由哲学王执政的贤人政体转为混合政体，以防止个人专权。

让·布丹是近代西方最著名的宪政专家,他的《国家六论》也被誉为西方关于国家主权学说的最重要论著。布丹的学说反映了中世纪后期法国新兴资产阶级的利益，既要求建立君主专制的中央集权制，又要求维护资产阶级的财产权利。在西方政治、法律思想史中，布丹的学说与同时代的尼·马基雅维利的学说，被认为具有国家主义、专制主义的倾向。因此，本题选择B选项。

7.关于下列各组人物说法错误的是（ ）

A.苏格拉底、柏拉图和亚里士多德被称为“古希腊三贤” B.颜回、曾子都属于孔子的七十二门徒

C.荀子及其弟子韩非子是法家学派的代表人物 D.康有为、梁启超都是“公车上书”的发起人 【考点】时政 【答案】C。 【解析】“古希腊三贤”即苏格拉底、柏拉图、亚里士多德，苏格拉底是柏拉图的师父，柏拉图是亚里士多德的师父。他们三人在古希腊文学、艺术、哲学领域做出的非凡贡献至今影响深远。

颜回(前521～前481年)春秋末鲁国人,字子渊,是孔子最得意的弟子,却英年早逝,孔子为此非常遗憾。自汉代起,颜回被列为七十二贤之首。曾子，姓曾，名参(zēngshēn，前505年－前435年)，字子舆，汉族，春秋末年生于鲁国东鲁（山东临沂平邑县），后移居鲁国武城（山东济宁嘉祥县）。十六岁拜孔子为师。颜回、曾子都属于孔子的七十二门徒。

荀子（约公元前313－前238），名况，战国末期著名思想家、文学家、政治家，儒家代表人物之一。曾三次出齐国稷下学宫的祭酒，后为楚兰陵（今山东兰陵）令。荀子对儒家思想有所发展，提倡性恶论，其学说常被后人拿来跟孟子的“性善说”比较，荀子对重新整理儒家典籍也有相当显著的贡献。其弟子李斯、韩非是法家学派的代表人物。

公车上书是指清光绪二十一年（1895年），康有为率同梁启超等数千名举人联名上书清光绪皇帝，反对在甲午战争中败于日本的清政府签订丧权辱国的《马关条约》,被认为是维新派登上历史舞台的标志。因此，本题C选项错误，本题选C。

8.下列关于铅的说法错误的是（ ） A.铅笔芯的主要成分是铅 B.香烟中是含铅的

C.铅在人体中日积月累，不会分解

D.汽油中添加铅元素可以起到防爆的作用 【考点】时政 【答案】A。

【解析】制作铅笔的原料是木材、黏土和石墨．其中铅笔芯是黏土与石墨按一定比例混合加工而成，铅笔型号B值越大，含石墨的量越高，字迹也越深．型号中H值越大，含黏土的量越高，字迹越浅，由于铅笔的笔迹和铅的颜色接近而得名，并非由铅制成。

reatment of heavily polluting industries. According to municipal, and municipal government deployment of seven big heavy pollution industry regulation \s action plans\o December 2016 end of Qian, all included shut stopped eliminated of enterprise all shut stopped eliminated in place; June 30, 2017 Qian, all included place regulation upgrade and agglomeration restructuring of enterprise by unified standard regulation in place, late not standard of enterprise are implementation discontinued; June 30, 2018 Qian, all intends Park production of enterprise relocation Park in place, late not Park of are discontinued. In the process of renovation, will focus on four aspects: to firmly close the high energy consumption and heavy pollution, hopeless enterprise governance and production lines, eliminated a number of yearly emission intensity, low value-added products of backward production capacity. Second, we must strictly enforce the space, total project \environment access system, promoting industry access and environmental conditions of access of enterprises to the Park, industrial park, in principle, no longer the class on the new project. Thirdly, promoting replacement and reconstruction of heavily polluting industries, mergers and reorganizations, guide enterprises to energy conservation, recycling and low-carbon and clean production, and improve the level of green development. Four to establish a long-term supervision mechanism, increase the intensity of special inspections, investigate and punish the rectification is not in place, normal business of running anti-pollution installations do not. (Iii) linkage to promote flood control water, drainage, water supply, improving water saving. Speed up cross ng support river dike reinforcement, and along Pu seawall except insurance reinforcement, and Lake Qian sluice, and BA Cao sluice, and cloud cover reservoir, focus flood control drainage engineering construction, vigorouslyimplementation \brary\di\ow\neering, increased geological disaster hidden points governance efforts, solid advance small basin torrent disaster governance, efforts from essentially solution basin sex, and regional flood control drainage capacity insufficient of problem. Vigorously implement the piers, algae and other water sources protection and, promoting rural drinking water safety projects, setting up water pricing reform and environmental protection mechanism, guiding water depth. Further soil pollution and repair, strengthen agricultural non-point source pollution prevention, mountain, water, forests, fields, lakes, various elements mutual long. Four, manage to tighten control, to play \split\Xia Baolong, Secretary of provincial party Committee stressed that while the \split\s over three years, but \continue to catch on, and resolve a split cannot be changed. All localities and departmentto the village and %unauthorised\videoconference, Secretary of the provincial Committee of Xia Baolong stressed: this year is the \ timetables \ years to resolve outstanding issues, obviously worked,\of the year. The County's departments at all levels must firmly establish the %ui is gold and silver\opment concept, convinced that Castle is not relaxed, always maintaining strategic ability and strong determination to improve the environment, consistently playing well \he war, ever-higher levels of comprehensive well-off society was built. (A) lay the sewage uphill battle. This year we will \oved at the county level, up to five\basic objective grasp of pollution control that focus, with the focus on three things: a good job, \ rivers\he County created. Organization \ook back\al inspection, the County garbage River, black and odorous River is \stigation, timelyrectification of problems found in place firmly to prevent river pollution rebound. In accordance with the \-stop strategy\oring stations work this year to ensure the Elimination of 1 provincial control, five water quality section 3 municipalities controlled deterioration, ensure the creation this year of \cial attention to pollution-cutting construction of nanotubes. Intercepting nanotubes are the basis of pollution of water source engineering, engineering, matter of success or failure of water management. Urban sewage treatment, to improve %unning accuracy, compliance\nt, speed up the town's support network construction, is focusing on nanotubes home \on. Domestic sewage treatment in rural areas, this year is the final year of the three-year action, determination to fight and the momentum around, ending the battle on which fully to ensure the realization of all County 648 formed village coverage. Also, be sure to attach importance to focus on rural domestic wastewater treatment facility operation and management, ensure that wastewater treatment facility up and running, role play, avoid the \d, pay special attention to the River Lake pond desilting operation. Provinces now have focused on pollution control of water go to \s the deepening water of this year's \s\Next, to jump-start an investigation line touches work, implementation plan according to the priorities and the programme of work, in accordance with the \one policy\detailed cleaning, dredging plan, planning ahead of time cleaning out mud \ocal conditions to do sludge, promote scientific resource utilization of silt and mud. (B) the heavy regulation of heavily polluting industries. Pollution of water must grab the source, wastewater is primarily the source of backward production capacity, increase the intensity of国家公务员考试网（www.chinagwy.org）及公考网校“学宝云课堂”由学宝教育运营

中国产的13个品牌卷烟检测出含有重金属,主要是含有的铅、砷和镉等重金属成分。研究表明,铅对人体有百害而无一利,铅含量没有安全线,即任何水平的含铅量都对人体有害。不断摄入的铅在体内日积月累,不会分解,有害物质积累到一定程度后将会出现中毒症状。

汽车多年来一直使用的含铅汽油(含有四乙基铅添加剂)，使用四乙基铅的目的是作为抗爆剂加入汽油的，是用来消除汽油燃烧时产生的爆震的。

因此本题A选项错误，此题选A。

9.下列说法错误的是（ ）

A.蓝藻对地球表面从无氧变成有氧的大气环境起了巨大作用 B.植物光合作用主要是在细胞的线粒体中进行 C.呼吸作用分为有氧呼吸和无氧呼吸两种类型 D.种子植物是地球表面绿色的主体 【考点】时政 【答案】B。

【解析】蓝藻是最早的光合放氧生物,对地球表面从无氧的大气环境变为有氧环境起了巨大的作用。有不少蓝藻(如鱼腥藻)可以直接固定大气中的氮，以提高土壤肥力。

叶子中因含有大量的叶绿体是植物进行光合作用的主要器官，光合作用的条件是在有光的条件下才能进行，植物进行光合作用的场所是叶绿体而不是线粒体。

生物的呼吸作用包括有氧呼吸和无氧呼吸两种类型。有氧呼吸是指细胞在氧的参与下，通过酶的催化作用，把糖类等有机物彻底氧化分解，产生出二氧化碳和水。无氧呼吸，指生物细胞对有机物进行的不完全的氧化。这个过程没有氧分子的参与，其氧化后的不完全氧化产物主要是酒精和二氧化碳或者是乳酸。

种子植物是植物界中进化最高级、种类最多、分布最广的类群,世界上已分化出20余万种,是现今地球表面绿色的主体，现有种子植物分为裸子植物和被子植物二大类。因此，此题B错误，应该选择B选项。

10.下列关于火山的表述错误的是（ ） A.喷出的物质有气态、液态和固态三种 B.可分为死火山、活火山和休眠火山 C.五大连池的形成与火山喷发有关 D.页岩是最常见的岩浆岩 【考点】时政 【答案】D。

【解析】地壳之下100至150千米处，有一个“液态区”，区内存在着高温、高压下含气体挥发成份的熔融状硅酸盐物质，即岩浆。它一旦从地壳薄弱的地段冲出地表，就形成了火山。火山分为“活火山”、“死火山”和“休眠火山”。火山爆发能喷出气态、液态和固态等多种物质。岩浆岩是由岩浆冷凝结晶而成的岩石,也称为火成岩。最常见的岩浆岩有玄武岩和花岗岩。位于中国黑龙江省北部的五大连池因火山熔岩堵塞白河河道形成五个火山堰塞湖而得名,是我国著名的旅游疗养胜地。因此，本题D选项错误，本题选择D。

11.关于天体及其运行，下列表述错误的是（ ） A.天球是为了确定天体位置和运动而假想的圆球 B.在火星和木星轨道之间存在一个小行星带 C.黄道面是指月球绕地球运行的轨道面

reatment of heavily polluting industries. According to municipal, and municipal government deployment of seven big heavy pollution industry regulation \s action plans\s to December 2016 end of Qian, all included shut stopped eliminated of enterprise all shut stopped eliminated in place; June 30, 2017 Qian, all included place regulation upgrade and agglomeration restructuring of enterprise by unified standard regulation in place, late not standard of enterprise are implementation discontinued; June 30, 2018 Qian, all intends Park production of enterprise relocation Park in place, late not Park of are discontinued. In the process of renovation, will focus on four aspects: to firmly close the high energy consumption and heavy pollution, hopeless enterprise governance and production lines, eliminated a number of yearly emission intensity, low value-added products of backward production capacity. Second, we must strictly enforce the space, total project \environment access system, promoting industry access and environmental conditions of access of enterprises to the Park, industrial park, in principle, no longer the class on the new project. Thirdly, promoting replacement and reconstruction of heavily polluting industries, mergers and reorganizations, guide enterprises to energy conservation, recycling and low-carbon and clean production, and improve the level of green development. Four to establish a long-term supervision mechanism, increase the intensity of special inspections, investigate and punish the rectification is not in place, normal business of running anti-pollution installations do not. (Iii) linkage to promote flood control water, drainage, water supply, improving water saving. Speed up cross ng support river dike reinforcement, and along Pu seawall except insurance reinforcement, and Lake Qian sluice, and BA Cao sluice, and cloud cover reservoir, focus flood control drainage engineering construction, vigorously implementation \brary\d row\ngineering, increased geological disaster hidden points governance efforts, solid advance small basin torrent disaster governance, efforts from essentially solution basin sex, and regional flood control drainage capacity insufficient of problem. Vigorously implement the piers, algae and other water sources protection and, promoting rural drinking water safety projects, setting up water pricing reform and environmental protection mechanism, guiding water depth. Further soil pollution and repair, strengthen agricultural non-point source pollution prevention, mountain, water, forests, fields, lakes, various elements mutual long. Four, manage to tighten control, to play \a Baolong, Secretary of provincial party Committee stressed that while the \on time is over three years, but \to split\catch on, and resolve a split cannot be changed. All localities and departments to the village and %unauthorised\5

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