2018版高考英语语法填空强化增分练 训练1

Ⅱ卷强化增分练

训练1

(对应学生用书第207页)

Ⅰ.语法填空

【导学号：38144082】

阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。

(2017·浙江杭州质检)

HURRICANE STRIKES AND MANY HURT

Hurricane Irene hit southeastern Florida on Friday night，causing damage and destruction everywhere.The storm poured 18 1 (inch) of rain on the area.The high winds that blew up to 85 miles per hour 2 ( be ) responsible for most of the damage to the area.The winds knocked down trees and power lines，broke hotel windows，and damaged roofs.The winds also were to blame 3 ten serious injuries and several car accidents.Much of the city was without electricity and water this morning.

The hurricane caused severe flooding.Hundreds of people lost 4 (they) homes or offices because of high winds and heavy rains.Some of the worst flooding was in Miami， 5 police sometimes needed boats to get through up to 4 feet of standing water.

Thousands of acres of crops 6 (destroy) in South Florida，which supplies 75 percent of the nation's winter produce.No one knows yet 7 (exact) how much money was lost in crop damage.“ I could not give you an estimate of damage to the crops，but I would not be surprised 8 it were $100 million，”said the mayor of Miami.

Local officials called Irene the 9 (bad) storm of the hurricane season for the area.It will take the people of Florida a long time 10 (recover) from the effects of this hurricane.

【语篇解读】 本文是一篇关于飓风的报道。

1．inches [考查名词复数。inch是可数名词，且其前有18修饰，故用复数形式。] 2．were [考查动词时态和主谓一致。此处说的是发生在过去的事情，故用一般过去时，且主语The high winds为复数意义，故用were。]

3．for [考查介词。固定搭配be to blame for sth.意为“对(坏事)负有责任”，符合语境，故用介词for。]

4．their [考查代词。此处表示成百上千的人失去了他们的房屋或办公室，故用形容词性物主代词their修饰名词homes和offices。]

5．where [考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，此处应用where引导定语从句，在从句中作地点状语，修饰先行词Miami。]

6．were destroyed [考查动词时态和语态。结合上文可知飓风发生在过去，故用一般过去时，且crops和destroy构成被动关系，故用were destroyed。] 7．exactly [考查副词。此处应用副词修饰动词knows，在句子中作状语，故用exactly。]

8．if [考查连词。if意为“如果”，引导条件状语从句，符合语境。] 9．worst [考查形容词最高级。根据语境及空前的the可知，此处应用形容词最高级形式，在句子中作定语，修饰名词storm。]

10．to recover [考查非谓语动词。固定句型It takes sb.some time to do sth.意为“做某事花费某人多长时间”，符合语境，故用to recover。] Ⅱ.应用文写作

(2017·浙江宁波效实中学模拟)

假如你是李华，是你所在城市“环保志愿者活动”的一名志愿者。为了提高市民的环保意识，你市将要举办一个花卉展。请你根据下列要点提示，为该活动写一篇宣传性短文，以方便外国游客参观。

要点提示：

1．举办花卉展的目的； 2．时间和地点； 3．参观注意事项。 注意：1.词数80左右；

2．可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

【写作指导】

本篇书面表达属于半开放性提纲类说明文，要求学生简要地介绍市里即将举行的花卉展，所以全文时态应以一般将来时为主；因为本文是为了方便外国游客参观而写的，因此人称应以第二人称you为主，以减少和外国游客的距离感；同时根据要点提示，学生可以确定写作内容及其逻辑关系。就本文而言，学生可以按照提示要点的顺序进行表达，并对要点进行必要的补充，从而使得文章内容饱满、前后连贯，逻辑通顺；最后在具体表达时，学生应在遣词造句上下功夫，恰当使用一些高级词汇或复杂的句式结构，使得文章错落有致，过渡自然。 【参考范文】

To raise public awareness of the importance of environmental protection，our city will hold a flower show on September 25th，from 9 am to 6 pm，at Centre Square.Many flowers will be displayed there，including many kinds of orchid，carnations，and so on.You can enjoy their beauty and the host will tell the visitors many stories about the flowers.If you go，you will have a much better understanding of them.You should pay attention to the following things: first of all，you should not pick them.What's more，don't leave any rubbish behind.We are looking forward to seeing you. Ⅲ.读后续写

阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事。 A philosophy professor stood before his class and had some items in front of him.When class began，wordlessly he picked up a large empty glass jar and proceeded to fill it with rocks right to the top，rocks about two inches in diameter.

He then asked the students if the jar was full.They agreed that it was. The professor then picked up a box of pebbles and poured them into the jar.He shook the jar lightly.The pebbles，of course，rolled into the open spaces between the rocks.The students laughed.

He asked his students again if the jar was full.They agreed：yes，it was. The professor then picked up a box of sand and poured it into the jar.

Of course，the sand filled up all the remaining spaces.

“Now，” said the professor，“I want you to recognize that this is your life.” The rocks are the most important things－your family，your partner，your health，your children－anything that is so important to you that if it were lost，you would be nearly destroyed.The pebbles are the other things in life that matter，but on a smaller scale.The pebbles represent things like your job，your house，your car.The sand is everything else－the small stuff．

If you put the sand or the pebbles into the jar first，there is no room for the rocks.The same goes for your life.If you spend all your energy and time on the small stuff，or material things，you will never have room for the things that are truly most important.Pay attention to the things that are critical in your life.Play with your children.Take your partner out dancing.Talk with your parents．There will always be time to go to work，clean the house，give a dinner party and fix the disposal.“Take care of the rocks first—the things that really matter.Set your priorities．The rest is just pebbles and sand.They will take care of themselves.” 注意：

1．所续写短文的词数应为150左右；

2．应使用5个以上短文中标有下划线的关键词语； 3．续写部分分为两段，每段的开头语已为你写好； 4．续写完成后，请用下划线标出你所使用的关键词语。 Paragraph 1：

Later，students were asked to voice their own understandings.

Paragraph 2：

A creative student compared the empty jar to time，

【写作指导】

本篇文章是课堂片段的描述，要求学生的续写也要符合课堂情景，学生的发

散思维要符合情节发展的逻辑。根据常识可知，文章最后是教授的课堂总结，基于每段开头语的关键词，学生可以判断出本篇作文要写出不同学生的观点，各种紧扣主题、积极向上的观点都是可以接受的。此外，学生的语言表达要准确流畅，多使用一些高级复杂句型并做到词组多样化，这些也是提高分数的要素。 【参考范文】

Later，students were asked to voice their own understandings.A student rose，saying shamefully that he only focused on his own small stuff，even enjoying all kinds of amusements rather than accompanying his parents．Another student continued，pointing out that taking care of family is really the most important thing in our life.What's more，a good idea was put forward that everyone should reflect on his life，making room for critical things and creating a meaningful life.The professor nodded his head with a bright smile, encouraging more opinions.

A creative student compared the empty jar to time，which aroused great interests among the class．He explained that the way we filled the empty glass jar was the way we made use of our time.We seldom think carefully about it.Therefore，we usually waste time doing a lot of small stuff firstly，leaving less time to deal with the things that matter.For instance，we are easily addicted to games，preparing poorly for our examinations due to the limited time.Thus，it's high time that we should change ourselves after class． Ⅳ.概要写作

【导学号：38144083】

阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。

As most children return to school，many rich families are choosing to pull their children out of the mainstream education system altogether in favor of having a tutor at home.“Around 50 percent of the inquiries we're getting at the moment are for long-term，daily home tutoring，” Steve Spriggs，managing director of London-based private tutoring service.And，he adds，the trend has grown from families asking for personal tutors to copy the classroom environment in their own homes.“Many families that were making the inquiries for full-time home tutors，” Spriggs said，“were either travelling so frequently that sending their children to one school was

impractical and others did not want their children to go into boarding school.”

Home tutoring is nothing new，and many tuition firms also offer extra tutoring services to families wanting their children to have a little extra help learning ahead of entrance exams at competitive private schools in the U．K.，such as Harrow，St.Pauls or Eton.

“We always make it clear to parents that we will only offer full-time home schooling for a year though，” Spriggs explained.“Any more than a year and children start to lose out on what a school environment can give them，such as social skills and that vital interaction they need－although we try to reduce that anyway in our home tutoring with sports clubs of museum trips as part of the teaching program.”

Spriggs said that the costs of hiring a full-time tutor would be more that the fees of a top boarding school，which usually charge around $54，400 a year.Some families employ two full-time tutors，one to cover humanities(人文学科) and the other to cover science and maths.Devising an educational plan for youngsters in these situations is not a quick process，however，Spriggs said，with a tutor being matched to the child to ensure they are compatible(兼容的)．

【写作指导】

写好文章概要的第一步是读懂全文，这就要求学生不仅要抓住文章大意，也要弄清文章的关键细节。在此基础上写作时，学生要构思原文要点的呈现方式，既在规定词数之内，又要用合理的语法结构及高级词汇，同时各要点之间要做到通顺、连贯。本文的概括要点是讲明家教存在的四点原因。 【参考范文】

Home tutoring isn't rare in society.Some rich families choose full-time tutors because of frequent travelling or because they don't want their children to go into boarding school.(要点1) Meanwhile，to perform better in entrance exams，some children need extra tutoring services.(要点2) Some tuition firms add some activities to improve the social skills of the children.(要点3) Although the costs of home

tutoring are high，some families still employ two full-time tutors to ensure their children can gain balanced development.(要点4)

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