人教版必修一第5讲：Unit3 Travel journal-词汇篇（教师版）

Unit3 Travel journal-词汇篇

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通过本节课的学习掌握本单词的词语辨析;重点词汇与句型。

一． 词语辨析

1. finally/at last/in the end 【解释】

finally 有两个意思，一是在按顺序列举事物或论点时引出最后一项内容，―最后，末了； 二是表示―在经过很长时间之后才，终于。 另外，finally 一般位于动词前。 at last强调经过一番努力

in the end强调经过许多困难、变化之后，事情才发生 at last和in the end 同finally 的第二个意思

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2. across/through/over 【解释】

across 表示从表面上横穿，横跨 through 表示穿过空间内部

over 表示―越过‖，指从较高物体的一侧到另一侧 3. persuade / advise 【解释】

persuade 指通过劝说、感情交流等而使对方做劝说者所希望的事。强调劝说已收到成效。 advise 并不涉及是否有成效 4. beneath / under / below 【解释】

beneath 书面用词，指紧挨……之下 under 普通用词，指在某物的正下方

below 指位置低于某物或在某物下方，但不一定在正下方， 所指范围较宽 二．重点词汇

1.prefer

名词（A）+to+名词（B） 喜欢A多于B (比较时，to 两边的成分要一致) doing to doing 喜欢做…而不喜欢做…

to do rather than do 宁愿干…而不愿意干…( than后要省去to) sb. to do sth. 宁愿让某人做某事

1). I prefer dogs to cats. 猫狗之中我更喜欢狗。

2). I prefer speaking the truth to lying. 我宁愿讲实话而不愿说谎。

3). Would you prefer that we put off our wedding till next mouth?

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你是否更愿意把我们的婚礼推迟到下个月？ 2. persuade v. 说服；劝说 [典例]

1). We persuaded him to take the job / into taking the job. 我们说服了他接受这份工作。

2). My mother finally persuaded me not to go to the party / out of going to the party. 妈妈最终说服我不参加这次聚会。 3). How can I persuade you of my sincerity？ 我如何能让你相信我是真诚的？ 4). I am almost persuaded that he is honest. 我几乎相信了他是诚实的。 [重点用法] persuade sb. to do sth. = persuade sb. into doing sth. 说服某人做某事 persuade sb. not to do sth.

= persuade sb. out of sth./doing sth. 劝阻某人做某事

persuade sb. of sth. 使某人相信某事 persuade that-clause 使某人相信... 3. insist v. 坚持 [典例]

You can come back later, if you insist.

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如果你一定要坚持，你就稍后再来吧。 [重点用法]

insist on/upon sth./( sb’s) doing 坚持某事/要求（某人）做某事 I still insist on my viewpoint. 我仍然坚持我的观点。

He insisted on paying for the meal. 他坚持要付饭钱。

Mother insisted on our washing the clothes by ourselves. 妈妈坚决要求我们自己洗衣服。 4. determine v. 决定；确定；下定决心 [典例]

1). Attitude determines everything. 态度决定一切。

2). We determined to go to the railway station at once. 我们决定立刻去火车站。

3). I wonder what determined her to marry him in the end. 我想知道是什么使她最终下决心嫁给他的。

4). The court determined that the man was guilty of robbery. 法庭裁定那个人犯了抢劫罪。 [重点用法]

determine on/upon (doing) sth. determine + n. determine to do sth.

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determine sb. to do sth. 使某人下定决心做某事 determine + that-clause be determined to do sth. 三．重点词组

1. care about 关心，在乎 [典例]

1). The only thing he cares about is money. 他唯一在乎的东西就是金钱。

2). Family members should always care about each other. 一家人应该互相关心。 [短语归纳]

care for 喜欢（多用于否定、疑问句）；照顾 I don’t care for coffee. 我不喜欢喝咖啡。

Could you help care for my child when I am out？ 我外出时能帮忙照顾下我的孩子吗？ 2. give in 屈服，让步，投降；上交 [典例]

1). Seeing that he could not persuade me, he had to give in (to my view). 由于无法说服我，他不得不认输。

2). It’s time to give in your examination papers. 到了交试卷的时间了。 [短语归纳]

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give in (to sb./sth.) 向…让步 give up sth./doing 放弃（做）某事 give away 赠送；泄露 give back 归还；恢复

give off 放出，散发(光、热、烟、气味等) give over 交付

give out vt. 分配；分发；发布 vi.（食物，燃料，电力等）用光；筋疲力尽 3. change one’s mind 改变主意

make up one’s mind (to do) 下定决心（做某事） [典例]

1). Maybe you’ll change your mind after thinking it over. 也许你仔细考虑之后会改变主意。

2). I have made up my mind to leave, and nothing you say will change it. 我已经下定决心，不管你说什么我都不会改主意了。 [短语归纳]

与mind 有关的常用短语 have a/no mind to do 有/无意做 lose one’s mind 失去理智 read one’s mind 看出某人的心思 speak one’s mind 直言不讳 be of the same mind 意见一致 be in/of two minds 拿不定主意 give one’s mind to 注意…

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keep one’s mind on 专心于…

take one’s mind off sth. 转移某人的注意力 bear/keep sth. in mind 记住某事 bring/call sth. to mind 回忆某事 put sb. in mind of sth. 使某人想起某事 四．本单元重点句子

1. It was my sister who/that first had the idea to cycle along the entire Mekong River. 首先想到沿湄公河骑车旅游的是我姐姐。 [解释]

强调句型 It is/was + 被强调部分 + that/who + 其余部分。被强调部分可以是原句的主语、宾语、状语、从句。 强调主语：

It is the ability to do the job that matters, not where you come from or what you are. 关键是你的工作能力而不是你从哪来或你是谁。 强调宾语：

It was Michael that/who I gave this ticket to. 我把这张票给了麦克。 强调时间状语：

It was about 600 years ago that the first clock with a face and an hour hand was made. 大约600年前，第一个有钟面和时针的钟诞生了。 强调地点状语：

It was in Brooklyn that Beckham first met Victoria, so they named their first son Brooklyn. 布鲁克林是贝克汉姆和维多利亚第一次相遇的地方，所以他们给第一个儿子取名布鲁克林。 强调从句：

It was because he is in critical condition that the doctor decided to operate on him.

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医生之所以决定为他动手术，是因为他病情危险。 2. She insisted that she (should) organize the trip properly. [解释]

insist + that-clause

insist 意为―坚持要求（做某事）‖时，宾语从句用虚拟语气，谓语用should do的形式, should可省略； 而insist 意为―坚持认为，坚持某种观点‖时，宾语从句的动词时态根据具体的语境变化，不用虚拟语气。

He insisted that he hadn’t made a mistake. 他坚持认为自己没有犯错。

The bodyguards insisted that the president (should) keep away from the crowd for the sake of safety. 出于安全考虑，护卫人员坚决要求总统远离人群。

suggest (建议)，demand (要求)，require (要求)，request (请求)，order (命令)等动词的宾语从句也常用 ―(should) do‖ 表示虚拟语气。

例1.She preferred ______(go)with us rather than ________(stay)behind. =She preferred ________(go)with us ________staying behind.

解析：题意：她宁愿和我们一起去也不愿呆在后面，考查prefer to do rather than do 和prefer doing ... to doing ..用法

答案：.to go stay; going to

例2.I would prefer that you _________________(not; mention)my name.

解析：题意：我宁愿你不要提我的名字。考查 prefer that sb. (should) do 更宁愿某人干某事。 答案：should not mention 例3. I don’t __________that color.

A. care for B. care about C. be careful D. take care of

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解析：题意：我不喜欢那个颜色。Care for 喜欢，照顾，care about 担心在乎，C和D都是照顾的意思。 答案：A.

例4) Lily spent years ___________ her sick uncle.

A. caring about B. caring for C. to care for D. to care about

解析：题意：Lily 花了很多年照顾他生病的的叔叔。考查Spend time doing sth .考查短语care for 照顾的意思。 答案：B

例5). The man insisted ________a taxi for me even though I told him I lived nearby. A. find B. to find C. on finding D. in finding

解析：题意：那个男人坚持要求给我找一个出租车，即使我告诉了他我在附近居住。考查 insist on (doing) sth. 坚持做某事 答案：B

例6). Seeing that he was so seriously ill, I insisted that he_______ to hospital at once. A. was sent B. be sent C. will be sent D. had been sent

解析：题意：看到他病的如此严重，我坚决要求他应该立刻被送到医院。考查insist that sb. (should) do 坚决要求 (观点、看法)或 insist that sb. does/ did/ do坚持说 (事实)。本题应该考查的作者的观点，所以应选的是引导的should 从句，should 可省略。 答案：B

例7. The old worker insisted that he _______old, and _______back to the working post again. A. wasn’t; be sent B. wasn’t; was sent C. be not; send D. isn’t; sent

解析：题意：这个老人坚持说他不老，他应该再次被送到工作岗位。前面是事实，后面是观点。用法见第6题。 答案：B

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基础演练

一．语境填词。

1. Have you ever been to the ________ (庙宇) of Heaven in Beijing? 2. I’ll be asleep as soon as my head hits the ________ (枕头). 3. He looked inside the ________ (洞穴) and saw a lion.

4. According to the weather ________(预报),it’s going to stay hot for the rest of the week. 5. It is natural for children to have different ________ (观点) from their parents. 6. ________(火焰) poured out of the windows of the building. 7. The restaurant is open from 5 p.m.to ________ (午夜) every day. 8. He was standing on the bridge looking at the river ________ (在下面)．

9. In Africa，cellphones are often the only ________ (可信赖的) way of communicating. 10. From animals，we get such materials as ________ (羊毛),silk, leather and furs.

KEYS: 1.Temple 2.pillow 3.cave 4.forecast 5.views 6.Flames 7.midnight 8.beneath 9.reliable 10.wool

巩固提高

1.(2014?山东省长山中学高一月考)—Would you like some coffee? —Yes, and please get me some milk, too. I prefer coffee________ milk. A.to

B. than

C. with

D. of

2.(2014?浙江温州十校联合体高一期中)You can get to Hong Kong using different kinds of________, by air, by water, or by land. A.travel

B. transport

C. schedule

D. journal

3.(2014?东北四校联考高一期中)Mary left him, ________ never ________foot in his home again. A. determined; to set

B. determined; place D. determining; place

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C. determining；to set

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