中考英语复习策略(完型填空全解)

完形填空题型分析

VI. 完形填空(共10小题，计10分) How can you think in English? I think the best way is to practice as what a football player does every day. During the 46 the football player will pass the ball to his teammates over and over again. So he won’t have to 47 passing the ball in the game, he will just do it. You can 48 yourself to think in English this way. The first step is to think of the words that you use daily, simple everyday words 49 book or shoe or tree. For example, whenever you ___50____a “book” you should think of it in English instead of in your mother language. After you have learned to think of several words in English, then move on to the next step—thinking in 51 . Listening and repeating is a very useful _52__ to learn a language. Listen first and don’t care too much about 53 you fully understand what you’re hearing. Try to repeat what you hear. The more you listen, the 54 you learn. After you reach a higher level, ____55 having conversations with yourself in English. This will lead you to think in English.

46. A. practice B. break C. game D. day 47. A. wait for B. think about C. look at D. give up 48. A. allow B. train C. tell D. ask 49. A. in B. about C. like D. from 50. A. buy B. keep C. borrow D. see 51. A. sentences B. passages C. lessons D. classes 52. A. idea B. step C. way D. pan 53. A. which B. whether C. how D. why 54. A. harder B. less C. later D. more 55. A. remember B. stop C. start D. finish46. A 47. B 51. A 52. C 48. B 53. B 49. C 54. D 50. D 55. C

二、做完形填空题必须具备的基本知识和能力1.必须掌握基本的英语语言知识 如词汇、语法、句子结构、词法运用、词语辨析、固定搭配等 知识。初中阶段，根据大纲要求，须熟练掌握词汇表(一)中的600个 左右的最常用词及200个左右的习惯用语及固定搭配。语法知识中 ，掌握所学单词的形态变化以及各种句法知识。如有这样一句子： He down again and still felt terrible. A. lain B. lay C. laid D. lied lie一词有两层意思，作规则变化的动词时意思多为“说谎”, “欺骗”;不规则变化的动词为“平躺”,“卧”的意思，其过去 式和过去分词分别为lay, lain。根据前后文判断出该空用“躺”的 过去式lay,所以应选B。只有真正熟练掌握这些词的词形变化，才 能在做完形填空时运用自如。又如： He said he would go to see her as soon as he there. A. gets B. got C. get D. would get 这是一个宾语从句中又有时间状语从句的复合句。因主句和从 句都是过去时态，作为从句当中的从句，应用过去式，即B是正确 的。

2.要具有分析和推理的能力 完形填空短文中前后句子之间存在着内在的逻辑关系， 或为因果，或互相并列，或表示转折，或表示让步，或提 出条件等等。考生必须在熟练掌握基本语言知识的前提下 ，具备

分析、推理、判断的能力才能选出正确答案。 3.应具备联想的能力 即考生根据测试题所提供的信息，充分运用自己所掌握 的各种知识进行合理的想象。

2.解题技巧 (1)认真对待短文的首句开篇所暗示的信息。通 常情况下，第一句是全文意义的精髓所在。它开宗明 义，提供一定的答题信息。考生借此能判断文章的体 裁、形式和内容，从而为正确的理解全文内容创造条 件。 (2)在通读过程中，如遇空格，不宜操之过急或 提笔就做(当然遇到比较明显而有把握的空格时，可 先填上),可将空格看成是一个生词，只要意思顺当 ，就不要停下来，以形成对文章的整体概念，以免造 成“见树不见林”的错误。 (3)先易后难，边读边填。完形填空是一篇信息 受到较多破坏的短文。在重读时，考生应本着先易后 难的原则，边读边填，把最熟悉、最有把握的空先填 上。

下面就解答完形填空题的步骤与技巧举例说明： Mr Jenkins was born in a small village. His father was too 1 to send him to school. He had to work in the fields with his parents 2 he was young and weak. But they couldn't get enough food and they were often 3 . Sometimes when he was ill, he could only be in bed. Nobody gave him any 4 . Several years later he left his family, without telling anybody. He came to the city and began to beg from door to door. Later on he saw a little girl 5 at a corner of a building. She lost her way and couldn't find her mother. The young man helped her to 6 her address and took her home. Her father, a rich shopkeeper, told him to work in his shop. He 7 everything carefully and did better than his workmates. The shopkeeper liked him and helped him to 8 his own shop. And nearly twenty years passed, Mr Jenkins was one of the richest men in the city. Now the old man lived a happy life, he was 9 neither food nor clothes. But bad luck! He was ill and the best doctors couldn't 10 him. Of course he was afraid of death. His friends tried to comfort him. Dying, he asked, “I don’t know whether the dead live happily in the Heaven or not?” “I’m sure they all live happily there,” answered his friend. “Why?” “None of them would leave there!”

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9.

A. busy B. free A. though B. because A. full B. hungry A. books B. water A. laughing B. smiling A. write B. lose A. studied B. joined A. sell B. open A. interested in C. surprised at 10. A. save B. use

C. poor D. rich C. if D. until C. tired D. thirsty C. fruit D. medicine C. crying D. playing C. forget D. remember C. drew D. received C. close D. change B. afraid of D. worried about C. kill D. operate

分析： 首先，快速阅读一下全文。目的是为了获得全文大意，获得对文章的总体印象。同 时，也明确作者的观点。这时，可以忽略文章细节，跳过空格，快速浏览关键

词句。( 现在给大家一分钟左右的时快速阅读本文。)根据这一步可得知本文的大意为： Mr Jenkins从小家境贫困，后到城市乞讨为生，因为帮助了一个迷路的小女孩而得 到小女孩父亲的重用并帮他创办了自己的商店，使他终于过上了富裕的生活。在他临死 的时候，他的朋友安慰他，人们都在天堂里高兴地生活着。 其次，开始细读，试着填空，边填空边在上下文中寻找信息。注意前面讲过的解题 技巧。下面请同学们自己做一下。(5分钟左右后进行讲解) 1.他的父亲因为穷不能送他上学，所以选C。 2.尽管他又小又弱也得帮助他父母在地里干活。though 引导让步状语从句。所以应 选A。 3.选择形容词，前句说他们得不到足够的食物，所以应是hungry,选B。 4.前句说他生病在床，应是没有人给medicine,选D。 5.在后文中表明小女孩迷了路，故应是crying,选C。 6.Mr Jenkins帮助小女孩记起了地址，即remember,选D。 7.四个动词选项的时态都正确，只是意思不同。要把对照，studied符合全文的意思， 故选A。 8.四个动词中只有open合适，即小女孩的父亲帮他开了自己的商店，选B。 9.老人过着幸福的生活，不愁吃穿，即worried about,选D。 10.医生也救不了他。save正确，选A。 最后，将答案放入原文中，从头到尾再读一遍，检查文章意思是否通畅，是否存在 语法错误等。

四、完形填空常见解题失误1.词汇掌握不牢 对一些单词的词义、词性或用法掌握得不够详细，导 致在选择选项时无所适从。例如： (1) Some students may why there are two“英国 ”in English, England and Britain? A. want B. wonder C. know D. wish 做此题首先应清楚四个选项的含义：A为“想要”, B为“纳闷”、“想知道”,C为“知道”,D为“希望 ”。然后根据空白后面的问句确定答案为B。全句意为“ 有的 同 学可 能 纳闷 ， 在英 语 里为 何 有两 个 ‘英 国 ’, England和Britain?”

(2) He told the doctor that he couldn’t sleep ___at night. A. good B. well C. fine D. nice 做此题的关键在于了解选项的词性。选项A、C、 D都是形容词，选项B多做副词，做形容词时多为 “身体好的”。由此判断答案为B。副词well在句中 作状语修饰动词sleep。

(3) When they there, it was already dark. A. arrived at B. got C. went to D. to

做此题的关键是要清楚在英语中，介词后面是不能 接副词的。题中there意为“在那儿”,是副词；at, to都是介词，所以排除A、C、D。答案选B。 从以上例题可以看出，对词义、词性以及词的用法

2.忽视文章整体内容 不注意从上下文内容获取有用信息，而是只根据某 一句或某个词语搭配来判断选项。完形填空

中的正确答 案，有时具有很大的隐蔽性，若不瞻前顾后，很难选择 。例如： Mike walked into a bookstore for .The shopowner told him that he was unable to help him, as he said later, Mike was too young to be an assistant. A. food B. a book C. some medicine D. a job 做此题时不可想当然地认为Mike走进一家书店就是 为了买书。从后文“店老板不想让Mike做一名assistant ,因为Mike太年轻了”可知，Mike是想在一家书店里 谋职。所以答案是D。

又如：

“Why! That’s the easiest 1 in the world. One and one is two. Anybody knows that. I have two groups of sheep.” Ah Fanti laughed and said, “You are 2 , master. Two groups of sheep put together is 3 one group. That’s the easiest question in the world”. 1. A. answer B. question C. fool D. way 2. A. kind B. honest C. right D. wrong 3. A. also B. too C. still D. same

第一题根据该文最后一句话中的question,可判断答案 为B。 第二题根据Ah Fanti的话推断出他正在纠正“master”的 说话，可判断答案为D。 第三题选C,句义为“两群羊加在一起仍然是一群羊”。

3.忽视习惯搭配与固定句式 例如： (1) Young girls usually much time going to shops for beautiful clothes. A. use B. need C. take D. spend 若只从含义上考虑，四个选项似乎都正确。 但 从 习 惯 搭 配 来 看 ， 只 能 用 D 项 。 spend…(in)doing sth.表示“花时间做某事”。

(2) “We were so busy I forgot to pay for it!” A. talked and B. talked so C. talking but D. talking that 此处有两个固定用法：be busy doing sth. “忙于做某事” 与 so…that “如此……以致 于”。正确答案为D。 从以上例题可以看出，熟记习惯搭配与 固定句式在做完形填空题时非常重要，它不 但能提高准确率，也会提高做题速度。所以 这一点忽视不得。

4.不注意语法分析 主要表现为不分析句子结构，只凭感觉选择答案。 例如： (1) Madame Curie, the discoverer of the element radium (镭元素), ______ born in Poland hundreds of years ago. A. was B. were C. are D. is 分析句子结构可知，句中主语为Madame Curie,其 后面的名词discoverer是主语的同位语，所以答案应选择 单数形式的A选项。

(2) Finally he decided to go to the USA and, as his father had old him, ____ to be a doctor. A. studies B. studying C. study D. studied 分析句子结构可知,空白处与前面的动词go为并列 动词不定式,均作谓语decided的宾语，故选C。此题 若忽略分析句子结构，很容易误选D。此题的难点 在于句中有一个插入性质的as引导的从句，将两个 不定式分隔开了。从而造成辨认第二个动词不定式 的困难。

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