大学英语创意阅读第一册答案

经管院第六届团支书联席会期末复习宝典

《大学英语创意阅读》第一册答案

UNIT ONE: Customs

Words to note

Find the words in column A below in the text and try to work out their meanings from the contexts in which they are used. Then match each word with the correct definition in column B.

Column A

Clients Funeral Greedy Indicate Insulting Intimate Modesty Offensive Prohibit Relationship Romantic Superstition Symbol Upset Vary Wrap

People with whom one has a business relationship A ceremony that takes place after someone dies

Wanting more money, things, or power than you need

To express an intention, opinion, or wish in an indirect way Offensive

Relating to very private or personal things

The tendency not to talk about yourself, your achievements, or your abilities even if you are successful

Unpleasant or insulting, and likely to make people upset or embarrassed To officially stop something from being done, especially by making it illegal

The way in which two or more people or groups behave towards each other and are involved with each other

Making you have feelings of love and excitement

A belief that things such as magic or luck have the power to affect your life

Someone or something that represents a particular idea or quality To make someone feel sad, worried, or angry To be different in different situations

To cover something by putting something such as paper or cloth round it

Column B

Understanding the text

Part A: Answer the following questions as fully as possible.

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1. What was the ?mistake? that John Roger?s company made?

They gave clocks to Chinese and the phrase ?give a clock? sounds like make a funeral arrangement.

2. Why are knives considered bad presents in some countries? They symbolize the cutting (i.e. the end) of a relationship.

3. What sort of gifts would be appropriate, according to Rogers?

Things from your own place that are difficult to get locally in the place where you are visiting.

4. How should gifts be offered to people? With both hands.

5. Why do people in Asia sometimes refuse gifts at first?

To show modesty; they do not want to appear greedy.

Part B: Completing a table

Gift Do not give… Unsuitable gifts because…

Clocks Chinese Sounds like making funeral arrangements Wine Muslims Alcohol is against the religion Gift showing ?4? Asians Unlucky number Scissors Latins and Asians Sign of cutting/ending the relationship Flowers Asians Seen as inappropriately romantic Leather Indians Cows revered by Hindus Handkerchiefs Japanese Sign of sadness Clothing Women Seen as inappropriately intimate

Part C:

Complete these sentences

1. Gifts are important because they can strengthen business relationships.

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2. Offering flowers as gifts may not be suitable because they may be seen as inappropriately

romantic.

3. All gifts should be wrapped and presented correctly.

4. Asian people tend to open gifts in private because they don?t want the donor to lose face if

the gift is not appropriate.

5. John Rogers advises you to remember the country?s religion, avoid giving things that are

not appropriate, and choose the wrapping paper carefully.

Developing your skills

Part A: Relating Information in a Text to One’s Own Experience

The students may come up with other plausible answers for the choices below. The key point here is to encourage students to express their conceived/perceived notions about the objects as gifts rather than to make them give a definite right or wrong answer. 1) 2) Gifts a white lantern a green hat Appropriate Inappropriate ? ? Reasons They are used in funerals. If a man is said to be wearing a green hat it means that his wife has had sex with another man since her marriage. Usually a gold ring is given to someone who is very familiar to you like a lover or family member. Because of impact from western culture, Chinese people may consider this too intimate or symbolizes romance. 3) a gold ring ? 4) a bunch of flowers ? 5) 6) a box of chocolates a pair of ? ? 3 由各班团支书辛勤搜集，团支书联席会秘书长蒋润珠，副秘书长董叶子、杨梦

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chopsticks 7) a comb ? In the past combs were sometimes given by women to their fiancés as engagement gifts. 8) a red packet (Hong Bao) ?

What gifts would be suitable for each of the following people? Write your choices in the table below, and then, in pairs, compare your choices and explain to each other why you consider your gifts appropriate.

1) 2) 3) 4) 5) 6) 7)

Gift-Receivers Gifts Pen Clothing Key-chain Diary Local handicraft is getting Household goods Watch your teacher your partners a friend a workmate a foreign guest someone married who someone who has just retired Part B: Using Knowledge of the World to Make Sense of a Text

The topic of the text in this unit is “The Art of Gift-Giving”. There is a lot of information about the practices of people from different cultures. Use your knowledge of the world to supplement the information about the questions below. Write your answers in the space provided.

1) Why do the Chinese feel red is lucky?

Because the colour of blood is red and blood represents life; therefore red is considered lucky as it shows something is alive.

2) Why are gifts showing the number 4 or a gift of 4 items of something considered

unlucky in Japanese, Korean and Chinese cultures?

Because the pronunciation of the number 4 is similar to the word ‘death’ in these cultures.

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3) Why is giving anything with the left hand considered insulting in Arabic countries?

Because the left hand is associated with evil or \wrong path', whereas the right hand is associated with good or \text\

4) Why do Westerners often open the gift immediately?

So that they can show their appreciation of the gift to the gift-giver right away.

5) Why is it considered polite in Asia to refuse the gift at the beginning and for the

gift-giver to have to insist that the other person accepts it?

This allows the gift-receiver to show that he is not greedy and this gives the gift- giver the chance to show that he genuinely wants the gift-receiver to have the gift.

Extending Your Vocabulary Part A: Synonyms

Column A

Not suitable

Business associate Unpleasant or insulting

Represent something important

To value something and be grateful for it Personal or private things

Not to talk about yourself or show off

Belief that magic or luck can affect your life

Column B

Inappropriate Clients Offensive Symbolize Appreciate Intimate Modesty Superstition

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Part B: Use mainly the words in Part A of Extending your vocabulary to complete this paragraph

It is very important to avoid giving gifts to [clients] that will upset them or be seen as [offensive]. People usually [appreciate] receiving small gifts but the giver should take care to ensure these are neither [inappropriate] for the customs of the country nor too [intimate] for the person to whom the present is intended. Gift givers need to bear in mind different things have different meaning in other countries – a number may [symbolize] bad luck for example and some cultures have a belief in [superstition] so care should be taken to avoid certain objects. People should also be aware of natural [modesty] amongst recipients and not be surprised if their gifts are rejected at first.

Expanding your creativity Do

? Crystal ornaments

? Decorative items, e.g. sculptures,

handicraft ? Watches ? Books

? Bottled delicacy or food, e.g. jams,

honey ? Potted plants

? ? ? ?

Cash

Exotic food, e.g. snakes, dried lizards Chinese herbal medicine

Intimate clothing, e.g. lingerie, underwear

Don?t

Guidelines for giving gifts to a western person

Here are some tips for you when you are trying to decide what gifts to buy for your western colleagues or friends when you visit them overseas. The questions below will help you to do the right thing:

1. How well do you know the person that you are buying the gift for?

2. Do you know if there is anything that is offensive to the person either because of his religion or

his personal taste?

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Firstly, if you do not know the person well, then you should stay with neutral gifts for his house or office that are not considered intimate. For example, you can get him a painting or a penholder. If you are quite familiar with the person, then you can try to find something that matches his personality or taste. However, you must still stay away from items that are considered too intimate like underwear.

Secondly, you should find out if there are any taboos or superstitions that the person believes in. Then make sure you do not buy him anything that is in any way connected with or anything that resembles his taboos or superstitions. Don’t forget that it is not just the appearance of the gift that you have to be careful of, but also the way the item is pronounced in his language!

Lastly, do not forget that it is considered impolite not to wrap up your gift before presenting it to your western friend. And you must also be careful in choosing wrapping paper. It should be in either plain colours or have neutral designs.

If you remember the above advice, you should not go wrong. In fact, you should be quite popular with your western friends!

UNIT TWO: Horoscopes Words to note

Find the words in column A below in the text and try to work out their meanings from the contexts in which they are used. Then match each word with the correct definition in column B.

Column A

Ambition Arouse Aspect Astrologer

Something that you really want very much to do, usually something that is difficult to achieve

To cause an emotion or attitude

Particular part, feature, or quality of something

Someone who studies astrology (i.e. the study of the movements of the

Column B

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stars and planets and how they might influence people?s characters and lives)

Characteristic Compatible Constellation Dominate Dynamic Fate Influence Passion Rebellious Vague Winter solstice

A particular quality or feature that is typical of someone or something Likely to have a good relationship because of being similar A group of stars in the sky named after the pattern they form

To control something or someone, often in a negative way, because you have more power or influence

Very lively and enthusiastic, with a lot of energy and determination A power that some people believes controls everything that happens in their lives

To affect the way someone thinks or behaves or affect the way something happens

A powerful emotion such as love or anger Opposing the accepted rules of society Not clearly or fully explained

The day of the year when the sun is above the horizon for the shortest time

Zodiac An imaginary area of the sky containing the twelve groups of stars that

some people believe affect your character

Understanding the Text Part A:

1. Into how many signs is the Western horoscope divided? [12]

2. Name 4 of the Western star signs. [Varied answers – Refer to chart in \

section for all twelve possible answers)]

3. What other items are often found on the same page of the newspaper as the Western

horoscope? [Cartoons and crosswords]

4. What should a Leo avoid doing? [Travelling overseas]

Answer these questions as fully as you can.

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5. Which is the seventh animal in the Chinese horoscope? [Horse] 6. What does the tiger symbolize? [Power, passion and daring]

7. When does Chinese New Year start? [The second New Moon day after the winter

solstice]

8. Why are some animal signs best avoided when thinking of marriage? [Because some

signs are believed to be incompatible and therefore a bad marriage will result]

Part B: True or False?

Put a tick (√) or cross (X) against these statements to indicate whether they are correct or incorrect according to the information in the text. For the ones that are incorrect, write the correct information.

1. Most British people read their star signs everyday. [X] 2. The advice for Pisces includes staying at home more. [√]

3. If you are a Libra you should jump at the chance to start a new love affair. [X]

4. Horoscopes in the newspaper give important and serious advice about how to behave. [X] 5. The Chinese tiger is strong but quiet. [X]

6. Chinese parents traditionally planned to have children during ?favourable? years. [√] 7. Chinese horoscopes tell you what to do every day. [X] 8. Western and Chinese horoscopes are essentially the same. [X]

Corrections

1. About 30% of British people read their star signs everyday.

3. If you are a Libra you should look before you leap into a new love affair.

4. Horoscopes in the newspaper give light-hearted and harmless fun to entertain people in their daily lives.

5. The Chinese tiger is strong and dynamic. 7. Chinese horoscopes describe your fate.

8. Western and Chinese horoscopes are essentially not the same.

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Developing your skills

Identifying various types of supplementary details

Supplementary Details Types Example: figure paraphrases definitions/explanations effects and consequences 1) Almost 30% of British people read the ?star sign? section of the newspaper every day. (A/Paragraph 1) 2) … in other words it can mean what you want it to mean! (A/Paragraph 5) 3) Western horoscope is supposed to tell you what to do and how to behave on a day-to-day basis. (B/Paragraph 6) 4) Anyone born between these times needs to know exactly when the New Year fell in the year they were born in order to work out their true animal sign. (B/Paragraph 4) 5) Traditionally parents tried to plan when to have children … (B/Paragraph 5) 6) We can all agree that it would be good to spend more time with one?s family or think about the future and we do not need the stars to tell us that! (A/Paragraph 5) 7) Being born a horse, for example, determines your character, but then it is up to you to maximize the positive aspects of this animal and minimize its negative features. You can become a very good horse, but you can never stop being a horse! (B/Paragraph 6) 8) This is the animal that hides in your heart. (B/Paragraph 2) reasons and purposes writer’s own opinions examples quotations Extending Your Vocabulary

Part A: Cloze passage

People born in the year of the Sheep do not have great [passion]. They rarely [dominate] other people and are unlikely to have a [dynamic] nature. They are

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gentle and kind people who work hard and are lucky but they do not seem to have great energy and are seldom [rebellious]. Sheep are followers, not leaders, and they cannot [arouse] any great love or devotion in their colleagues.

Part B: Expressions

The following expressions are used in the text. What do you think they mean? Do they have approximate Chinese equivalents?

Meanings:

? ? ? ?

Look before you leap = think carefully before you take any action Not looking rosy = not doing well Light-hearted = not serious

Ice-breaker = something/ some actions to make people feel more at ease with one another

? Fall into place = everything becomes alright

Now use each of the expression in sentences of your own. Your sentences should all be connected to the topic of Horoscopes.

1. Today is not a good day for all Leos, so look before you leap in everything you do.

2. Gemini, your love prospects are not looking rosy this month. Put your energy in other areas. 3. My mother believes in the stars, but my father treats the whole thing in a light-hearted manner. 4. Aries, remember to use icebreakers today especially if you have to talk to a large crowd. 5. Don?t worry about your career path as everything will fall into place by the end of this year.

UNIT THREE: Astronomy Words to note

Find the words in column A below in the text and try to work out their meanings from the contexts in which they are used. Then match each word with the correct definition in column B.

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Column A

Asteroid Astronomer Atmosphere Civilization Contaminated Equatorial Influential Inhabit Meteorite Observation Orbit Organism Planet Primitive Telescope

Column B

Mass of rock like a very small planet that goes around the Sun Someone who studies the stars and planets using scientific equipment

including telescopes

The air around the earth or another planet

The state of having developed an advanced culture and institutions Made dirty, polluted or poisonous by adding a chemical, waste, or infection

Near the equator (= the imaginary line that goes around a planet and divides it into northern and southern halves)

Able to influence the way other people think or behave

To live in a particular place

A piece of rock that has fallen from space and landed on the ground The process of watching someone or something carefully, in order to find something out

The path taken by an object moving around a larger object in space A living thing such as a person, animal, or plant, especially an extremely small living thing

A very large round object that moves around the Sun or other star

At a very simple stage of development

A piece of equipment shaped like a tube that you look through

to make distant objects look closer and larger

Understanding the text

Part A: Sequencing

The correct order of the sentences is:

1. Herschel sees ?waves of darkness? on Mars and concludes it is vegetation. 2. Schiaparelli sees ?canals? on the surface of Mars.

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3. Lowell suggests that a Martian civilisation built canals to transport water from the polar ice

caps to the equatorial regions.

4. The Mariner photographs old river beds on Mars. 5. The Viking spacecraft finds evidence of water of Mars 6. A meteorite from Mars is discovered in Antarctica. 7. Scientists find signs of fossil life inside ALH 84001.

8. Some people think the rock does not show proof that life once existed on Mars.

Part B: True or False?

Put a Tick (√) or Cross (X) against these statements to indicate whether, according to the passage, they are true or false. For the ones that are false write the correct information.

1. Mars has never been seen as a place where life might exist. [X] 2. Herschel discovered canals on Mars before Schiaparelli. [X] 3. Lowell made many people believe that life existed on Mars. [√]

4. The atmosphere on Mars is too harsh to support the higher forms of life. [√] 5. Viking discovered rivers of water on Mars. [X] 6. ALH 84001 is 3.6 billion years old. [X]

7. The meteorite from Mars landed on Earth 16 million years ago. [X] 8. Scientists discovered carbonate material in the meteorite. [√]

9. Some scientists discovered worm-like fossils in the rock which they said were a primitive

form of bacteria.[√]

10. Other scientists claimed that the bacteria evidence had entered the rock while in the laboratory

in Texas. [X]

Corrections 1. Mars has always seemed the most promising for life outside our own. 2. Hershel discovered that Mars seemed to have seasons like Earth. 5. Viking discovered that water had once covered Mars in huge oceans. 6. ALH 84001 is 4.6 billion years old.

7. The meteorite was blown into space from Mars about 16 million years ago.

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10. Scientists were concerned that the rock was contaminated while lying under the Antarctic ice.

Developing your Skills

A) Identifying Uncertain Expressions

In pairs, identify other examples of “uncertain expressions” in the text. Write your answers in the box below.

Paragraph 4 – He wrote …..where it could be used to water the crops…. Paragraph 5 – Clearly …life as we knew on Earth could exist on Mars. Paragraph 6 – (these must have been illusions)

Paragraph 7 – But Mariner?s ….seemed to show what appeared to be old riverbeds. Paragraph 8 – The evidence that life may once have existed…

We may/ It's possible that we have made the discovery of the century.

There are worm-like microfossils in the rock that appear/seem to have similar shapes to our Earth bacteria.

The rock is likely to / will probably contain evidence that there was life on Mars once. We hope to be able to come up with some more conclusive results in the next month or so.

B) Using a Time-chart to Arrange Facts into a Chronological Order

Identify when the events in the box below happened, and then rearrange them into a chronological order. Follow the example.

LIFE ON MARS a) It was discovered that Mars was 14 由各班团支书辛勤搜集，团支书联席会秘书长蒋润珠，副秘书长董叶子、杨梦similar to the Earth. 楠、周家伊、朱怡哲整理 Time and Major Events

b) ALH 84001, a piece of rock from Mars, was discovered by an American scientific team (1984)

18th century (a) 经管院第六届团支书联席会期末复习宝典

1996 (d) 1993 (f) 1976 (c) 19th (g) 1960s (e)

Century

1984 (b)

Extending your vocabulary Part A: Definitions

Word observations headline inhabited influential orbited the jury?s still out Definition 4 12 6 7 5 3 Now write a sentence of your own for each of the six words given above.

1. According to the doctors? observations, the patient should be able to leave the hospital soon.

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2. The headline in the front page of the newspaper is all about the train accident.

3. Only wild birds and animals inhabit that island.

4. We need help from your influential uncle. He can help revive our business.

5. In the story, five moons orbited their planet instead of one like ours.

6. The jury?s still out concerning who the most suitable person is for the position of president

of the club.

Part B: Cloze sentences

telescope organism civilization equatorial primitive contaminated 1. Singapore is an equatorial country with only one season – it?s hot all year round. 2. The river was contaminated by pollution from the nearby factories.

3. The ancient civilization of Egypt built the pyramids which are still standing today. 4. Modern astronomers can use a radio telescope to look at the outer edges of the universe. 5. All living organism on Earth contain carbon.

6. Primitive creatures like jellyfish and corals have survived for million of years.

UNIT FOUR: Food, Glorious Food Words to note Column A

Awful

Column B

Used for emphasising how unpleasant something is

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Cereal

A food made from grain, for example wheat, oats or corn, mainly eaten with

milk for breakfast Commute Confused

To travel regularly to and from work

Unable to understand something or think clearly about it

Crush To press something so hard that it breaks into very small pieces Delicate Something that is easily damaged or broken

Dip Thick cold sauce for dipping pieces of food into before eating them Disgusting

Extremely unpleasant

Fried Cooked in hot oil

Pastry A food made by mixing flour, fat, and water. The mixture is rolled flat and used for making pies and other food Sausage with spices Sprinkle Starving Stink

A food that consists of a tube of skin containing very small pieces of meat mixed To shake small amounts of a liquid or a substance such as sugar over the surface of something Very hungry To smell very unpleasant

Understanding the text Part A: Time lines

Indicate on the chart the approximate times that each of the meals are normally taken

Lunch Tea Supper Brunch

8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23

X X X

X X

X X

X

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Elevenses Dinner

X

X X

Breakfast X

Now complete the table below to suggest what types of food are eaten at each of the meals:

Types of Food

Sandwiches, apple, crisps, and lemonade Tea with sandwiches, pasties with cream and jam Cold meal; baked beans on toast Same as lunch

Light snack of coffee and biscuits

Spaghetti bolognaise; chicken curry; pork or lamb with two boiled vegetables like potatoes and carrots with gravy; potatoes

Bacon and eggs with fried tomatoes and mushrooms; black pudding; toast and marmalade with tea or coffee; cereals; porridge

Lunch Tea Supper Brunch Elevenses Dinner Breakfast

Part B: True or False

Indicate whether each of the following statements is true or false. Correct any false

statements in the box provided.

1. British people do not consider breakfast an important meal. 2. Lunch is a family meal eaten in canteens.

[F] [T]

[F]

[T] [F] [F]

3. People usually like to eat British food at dinner. 4. Brunch and elevenses are eaten at the same time.

5. The meal called tea does not include tea, only coffee.

6. Sunday lunch is special because the whole family eats together.

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Corrections

1. British people eat a very large breakfast before going to work. 2. Families do not sit down together to have lunch.

3. People like to try different kinds of food from different countries.

5. The meal called tea includes tea, sandwiches and pasties with cream and jam.

Developing your skills Using Graphs to Summarise/Categorise Text Information

Categorise the information given in the text by completing the graphs below. Follow the examples.

1) A table

The Writer?s Comments on Various Kinds of British Food Various Kinds of British Food 1) Black pudding 2) A piece of pork or lamb 3) Bangers and mash 4) Fish and Chips 5) Chinese take-away e.g. disgusting Smells strong but tastes good delicious Love it! Pretty good but different from original Chinese food Writer?s Comments

A flowchart

Eating Routines in Britain

e.g.

Morning:

Late morning: Sandwiches, apple, crisps, and lemonade

Afternoon: Sandwiches,

apple, crisps, and lemonade in larger quantity bacon, eggs, fried

Supper: Cold meal; Dinner: Spaghetti Late afternoon: baked beans on toast bolognaise; 19 chicken Tea with 由各班团支书辛勤搜集，团支书联席会秘书长蒋润珠，副秘书长董叶子、杨梦curry; pork or lamb sandwiches, 楠、周家伊、朱怡哲整理 with two boiled pasties with cream

and jam vegetables like

potatoes and carrots with gravy; potatoes

经管院第六届团支书联席会期末复习宝典

A hierarchical chart

Introduction Body Conclusion e.g. Three Other Meals –

e.g. Writer?s Likes and

e.g. Three Usual

Meals – Breakfast, Lunch and Dinner Elevenses, Tea and Supper Dislikes – Bangers and Mash, Chinese

Fish

and

Chips, and

Take-away,

Cheese, black pudding

Extending your vocabulary Part A: Sausages Lemonade Coffee Pork Bacon

Categories

Beef Cheese Carrots Ham

Potato

Mushrooms Cream Apple

Milk Tea Oranges Chicken

Meat Sausages Pork Bacon Chicken Beef

Drinks Lemonade Tea Coffee Coca-cola Water

Dairy products Cheese Cream Milk Yogurt Ice-cream

Fruit Apple Oranges Lemons Cherries Bananas

Vegetables Carrots Potato

Mushrooms Cabbage Turnips

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Ham Duck Pheasant Goose Burgers Veal

Beer

Fruit juices

Butter

Melons

Celery Peas

Now add at least three more items of food which do not appear in the text to each category

Part B: Positive or negative associations

Do the words in the box have positive or negative associations? Put a √.

Awful Disgusting Delicate Delicious Starving Stink Get by with Positive ? ? Negative ? ? ? ? ?

Part C: Cloze passage

In many parts of Africa, families [get by with] as little as two bowls of rice per person per day. These people are slowly [starving] to death. In rich countries people throw away a [disgusting] amount of food every day. The rubbish bins [stink] of wasted food. The peace of the world that is now in a [delicate] balance is threatened by the [awful] gap between the rich and poor, between the [delicious] plenty of the well-fed and the desperation of the hungry.

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UNIT FIVE: A Romantic Story Words to note Column A

Background

The type of family, social position, or culture that someone comes from

Breeze Cuddle Darling Grin Ignorant

Column B

A light wind

If you cuddle someone, you put your arms round them and hold them close to show that you like or love them Used for talking to someone you love A big smile that shows your teeth Not knowing something that you should know or need to know

Immigrant

Someone who comes to live in a country from another country

Leap Lick Marks

Move somewhere suddenly and quickly To move your tongue across something A printed or written symbol that is not a letter or a number

Mixture Permanent Shopping mall

A combination of two or more different things Happening or existing for a long time A large building with a lot of shops, restaurants, and sometimes a cinema

Survive

To continue to exist, especially in a difficult or dangerous situation

Thoroughly Whatsoever

Completely

Used for emphasizing a negative statement

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Understanding the text

Part A: True or False?

1. Katy is an American girl.

[T]

[F]

2. In America Katy is proud of her Chinese background. 3. Sam comes to visit Katy every year.

[F]

4. Katy likes being with Sam immediately he arrives. 5. Sam seems to enjoy his time in America.

[F] [T]

[T] [F]

6. Katy falls in love with Sam after her roller-skating crash. 7. Sam goes away to China because he doesn?t love Katy. 8. Katy goes to China to find Sam. 9. Sam is embarrassed to see Katy.

[T] [F]

10. Katy and Sam move back to America with their family.

[F]

Corrections

2. In America Katy had no interest in her Chinese background. 3. It was Sam?s first time to visit Katy.

4.Katy does not like spending time with Sam at first. 7.Sam goes away to China because it?s the end of his holiday. 9.Sam is very happy to see Katy. 10. Katy stayed with Sam in China.

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Part B: Comprehending the text

1. Why does Katy say this is a true story?

(Because it is about her.)

2. Why do you think Katy sees herself as American?

(Because she went to a local school, spoke English to her friends and had no interest in her Chinese background.)

3. Why does Sam ask so many questions?

(Because everything is new or strange for him.) 4. What is the significance of the roller-skating accident?

(That is the day when Katy fell in love with Sam.) 5. Why doesn?t Sam reply to Katy?s letters?

(Because he thought that Katy was too good for him.) 6. How has living in China changed Katy?s view of herself?

(Katy now feels that she is really Chinese and that she has discovered her roots.)

Part C: Similarities and differences

Notes about Katy and Sam

Has an American background from living

in the USA

Parents are Chinese Speaks English well Speaks Chinese well Lives in a rural area

In love before roller skating together

True Katy

(?) (? ) (? ) (X) (X) (?)

for True

Sam

(X) (? ) (? ) (? ) (? ) (?)

for

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In love after roller skating together Writes lots of letters

Is confident about their love Stays at home

Finds happiness at the end of the story Finds own identity at the end of the story

(?) (? ) (? ) (X) (? ) (? )

(?) (X) (? ) (? ) (? ) (X)

Developing your skills

Expressing Feelings

Some of the possible answers that students may give about the parents include: ? Caring parents who would like Katy to know some Chinese or something about China.

? Family people who still have contacts with their relatives in China.

? American Chinese who still have interests and ties to their Chinese roots and culture.

Examples of things that the parents might say are:

? I hope Sam will get Katy interested in Chinese culture.

? Katy is a bit rude. She should come and join in our conversation. ? Do you think Katy really likes Sam?

? Oh no, what have we done by inviting Sam to our home! ? Thank god, Katy is safe! The silly girl has gone to Sam.

? Do you think Katy knows what she is doing by getting married to Sam? ? Our girl has really changed and we are proud grandparents now.

Some examples of the conversations are:

1) Mother: It?s really nice to have Sam with us.

Father: Yes, it is. Hopefully he?ll get Katy interested in China.

Mother: Yes, we should ask Sam to tell Katy nice things about China and the Chinese way of life.

Father: Yes, good idea.

2) Father: Katy is so American. I?m really worried about her behaviour.

Mother: Yes, I can?t understand why she doesn?t seem to enjoy Sam?s company. He?s such a lovely young man.

Father: Maybe it?s because we are speaking in Chinese and Katy doesn?t understand what

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we are talking about.

3) Mother: Do you notice something is going on between Katy and Sam?

Father: Yes, they are getting on very well. That?s good, isn?t it?

Mother: Yes, you are right. I think it?s absolutely wonderful that they are enjoying each other?s company.

4) Mother: What did I do wrong? Why did Katy leave home without saying anything?

Father: Please don?t blame yourself. Katy has always been a strong willed young lady. I know she?s OK.

5) Father: What is this? It must be Katy?s doing!

Mother: Thank god, she?s safe. She?s in China with Sam then.

Father: Katy used your credit card to get to China to be with Sam. Mother: I just can?t understand why she didn?t discuss it with us first.

6) Mother: It?s such fantastic news. Our baby is going to get married.

Father: Well, I?m a bit concerned about Katy adapting to life in China. Will their marriage last?

Mother: Oh well, it?s her decision and we should be happy for her.

Father: Yes, at least we can look at the bright side of things. It?s Sam that she is marrying and not some people that we don?t know.

7) Father: We are grandparents!

Mother: I?m simply so happy for Katy and Sam.

Father: We must go visit them one of these days. Mother: Yes, we must.

Extending your vocabulary Part A: Cloze passages Text 1:

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Mary had a little puppy she called (darling). Mary liked to (cuddle) her puppy and the puppy enjoyed (licking) Mary?s face. One day Mary and her little dog went to the (shopping mall), but Mary found it very difficult (to keep her balance) carrying the puppy and her shopping and they both fell on the floor in a heap. Text 2:

It is usual for (permanent) immigrants to a country to (survive) in their new home by maintaining their language and culture. However, by the (second generation) immigrants generally have (merged) into their host culture and may abandon their parent?s past. By the third generation immigrants may have no contact (whatsoever) with their ancestral homes. Part B : Sentence writing Example sentences could be:

7. The government should give help to the new immigrants so that they can integrate into the

society.

8. As a mark of respect for the work that he has done for the town, the old man was given a gold

medal.

9. The little boy had a grin on his face because he was given a whole box of chocolates.

10. At night it is very cool because of the breeze.

11. The class has a mixture of nationalities. The students come from different countries.

UNIT SIX: The Archaeology of Today 27 由各班团支书辛勤搜集，团支书联席会秘书长蒋润珠，副秘书长董叶子、杨梦

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Words to note

Column A

Column B

Correct or true in every detail

Rich enough to buy things for pleasure

To get rid of something that you no longer want or need A place where large amounts of waste are Taken, usually outside a town

Interesting or exciting because of being unusual or not familiar If food or drink goes off, it is no longer fresh Dangerous, especially to people?s health or safety Food that is not healthy because it Contains a lot of fat, salt, and sugar

A solid piece of something that does not have a regular shape Not completely

Present or available in large quantities

A planned piece of work that has a particular aim A substance that is refined is now pure Because other things have been removed From it

If you shudder, your body suddenly Shakes, for example because you Suddenly feel cold or frightened

Stale food such as bread is old and no longer fresh To agree to be responsible for a job or project and do it Someone who is not paid for the work that they do Without a particular method, pattern, or purpose

Accurate Affluent Discard Dump Exotic Go off Hazardous Junk food Lump Partially Plentiful Project Refined

Shudder

Stale

Undertake Volunteer At random

Understanding the text

Part A:

Comprehension

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1. Why is rubbish important for archaeologists?

It is important because it contains a great deal of evidence about how a society lived their everyday lives.

2. What is the Garbage Project?

The Garbage Project is a research project carried out by the University of Arizona. It studies the garbage in city rubbish dumps to find evidence of the lifestyles of the local population. It started in 1973 in Tucson, but has now expanded to many other cities and has built a huge database of information on most aspects of mocern American life.

3. How is the garbage sorted?

The garbage is sorted into a variety of categories (food items, dangerous materials, personal items etc.)

4. Why do people waste more meat during times of meat shortages?

This is because when there is a shortage of something, people try to hoard large supplies of the item. This frequently means that the item needs to be thrown away before it can be used – perhaps because of a shortage of storage space or because it starts to perish.

5. What are the reasons for the differences between what people say they throw away and what

is found in their waste bins?

There are two reasons for this. The first is that people do not want to be seen as wasteful when it comes to food. They say (and think) they throw away less food than they actually do. The other reason is that they know they should be eating less junk food and more healthy food, but in fact the evidence from the garbage is that they eat more junk food. They are not deliberately lying, they just have an inaccurate impression of their own eating habits.

6. What is the value of the Garbage Project?

The Garbage Project can give a clear impression of how people live and behave.

Part B: True or false

Indicate whether each of the following statements is true or false. Correct any false

statements in the box provided.

1. The Garbage Project is found only in Arizona. [F] 2. Every household in Tucson had its rubbish collected and studied for a year.

[F]

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3. Student volunteers help sort the garbage that is collected. [T] 4. Americans threw away Mexican sugar because it tasted bad. [F]

5. Poor people prefer to buy larger economy packets of food because they are better value for

money. [F]

6. Garbage archaeology is useful to study both ancient and modern societies. [T]

Corrections

1. It was started in Arizona, but has now been expanded to cover many other American cities and even Mexico City as well.

2. There are too many households in Tucson to collect from each and every one. Therefore, only a sample of households had their rubbish collected. Also, there is no time specified in the text, it simply says “over a period of time”.

4. The passage does not specify the quantity of Mexican sugar found – simply that some was found in Tucson when there was a sugar shortage. There is no evidence that it tasted bad.

5. The evidence shows that poor people by smaller packets of food and not the larger economy packets (which more wealthy families bought). They may have wanted to buy the more economical larger packets but could not afford the larger outlay of money.

Developing your Skills

A) Identifying Purposes of Reading SITUATION 1 Your purpose in reading the text would be to gain a general overview of all aspects of the Project. The project itself would be the focus of your reading and other elements in the text would be skimmed through.

SITUATION 2 In this case, you would only focus on the sections of the text which outlined how the project was carried out – i.e. the methodology they used. You would have little interest in the other, more general, sections of the text. Even when the methodology is not directly stated, while reading you 30 由各班团支书辛勤搜集，团支书联席会秘书长蒋润珠，副秘书长董叶子、杨梦

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would be trying to interpret the methodology used. SITUATION 3 In this case, you would not be directly interested in the project itself, but more in the findings of the project. You may not even want to mention the project in your article. B)

Situation 2: Research Methodology

Location of research Number of cities covered Aspects of life studied Data collection methods: How garbage was collected Time scale involved Number of households How is garbage stored How is garbage sorted How is garbage disposed of Where people interviewd

Situation 3: Magazine article

Why rubbish is important What rubbish can tell us Details Details Using Tables to Summarise/Categorise Information for Different Purposes

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How can rubbish be analysed Interesting examples of findings: Example 1 Example 2 What people say about their rubbish

Extending your vocabulary

Part A: Antonyms and synonyms Answer these questions.

1. What words in the text have the same meaning as ?garbage?? Rubbish, waste, (junk), refuse

2. What is another word for ?thrown away?? Discarded

3. What is the opposite of ?healthy food?? Junk food

4. Which words means ?to some extent?? partially

5. Which word means ?strange? and ?unusual? exotic

6. Which words means ?rich? and ?having lots of money? affluent

Part B: Cloze passage

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Use the words in the box to complete the paragraph.

hazardous partially plentiful stale lumps refined shudder go off

We may [shudder] when we consider the [plentiful] amounts of waste – some [hazardous] – that are thrown away every day. Food such as bread that has gone [stale], or dairy products that quickly [go off]; fruit that has been [partially] eaten, and [lumps] of unwanted meat show how wasteful we are. Our [refined] lifestyle is based on consuming things that we do not need.

UNIT SEVEN: Home Truths Words to note

Column A

Bricks and mortar Cater

Compelling Familial Humble Obsession

Column B

A house, flat, or other building considered as property To provide people with everything they want or need Interesting or exciting enough to keep Your attention completely Relating to families

Simple and with only basic equipment or features

An emotional state in which someone or something is so important to you that you are always thinking about them, in a way that seems extreme to other people Complete and total

To become larger than something else To buy something

Outright Outstrip Purchase

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Refuge Renovate

A place you go to protect yourself from Something dangerous or threatening

To make something old look new again by Repairing and improving it, especially a Building

In bad condition because no one has spent money on repairs

Relating to the countryside or in the countryside Extremely impressive

Someone?s position in a profession or Society, especially compared to other People

A gradual change or development that Produces a particular result

Run down Rural

Spectacular Status

Trend

Understanding the text

Part A: Numbers

1. 33% 2. 1682

Property prices increased by this amount in the 1990s

The year in which Sir Edward Coke said An Englishman?s

home is his castle

3. 200,000 The number of new homes built each year in Britain

Pots of paint sold by a single British company in one year

4. 2.4 million

5. 100,000 Pounds Average price of a British home in 2001

Part B: Comprehension

1. When British people say, ?My home is my castle? what do they mean?

A castle was a very strong building specifically built to keep the people inside safe and secure. The expression, therefore, means that the home is a place where the owner feels safe from the outside world and where the outside world cannot enter without his permission. He is protected and secure there. This is a very common expression use to describe the attitude of English people towards their homes.

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2. What are the two main reasons why British people like spending lots of money on their homes?

One reason is that the house costs so much to buy that it makes good sense to maintain it and even improve it as much as possible (both to make it worth even more if it is sold and to improve the comfort and space if not). The other reason is that the home is, in a way, a reflection of the owner. How the house looks to other people, tells them something about the person who owns it – therefore the owner wants to make sure it reflects a good image of him or her self.

3. What is a mortgage?

It is a loan from a bank or other financial company that is used specifically to buy a house with. It is paid back (with interest) over a number of years – sometimes as many as 25 years.

4. What impact did the industrial revolution have on people?s ideas about homes? Before the industrial revolution, the home was much more than simply a house that you happened to be living in at that time. It had a history of family life, of ancestors, of relatives and probably of having the same neighbours for generations. After the revolution, people had to move around much more and the home became more of a place that you were living in at that time and all the other things were lost.

5. What is trading up?

Trading up means buying a house that is relatively cheap, keeping it for a few years until it, and the owners income, have increased, and then selling it to buy a more expensive property. This process is repeated several times over, each property being more expensive than the one before.

Developing your Skills Identifying Logical Connection between Sentences

The correct sequence should be: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.

I think we should buy our own house.

Yes, we don?t want to pay rent to someone else. But house prices are so expensive. So we need to take out a mortgage.

But it will take 25 years to pay the mortgage.

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6. That?s OK. At least we will own the house in the end. 7. And the house will increase in value every year. 8. And then we can renovate it ourselves.

9. When it has been renovated it will be worth more.

10. So later we can sell the house for more than we paid for it. 11. So we can sell the renovated house at a profit. 12. That way we can save money.

13. And then with the extra money we can buy a bigger house. 14. Of course, that way we will climb up the social ladder, too.

15. I expect we will need to redecorate the second house, but it will be bigger. 16. That?s true. Yes, it?s a good plan. Can?t go wrong. 17. No, it can?t. Safe as houses. I would say… 1 d 2 e 3 g 4 i 5 h 6 k

1 b 2c 3 a 4 f 5 j 6 n Extending your vocabulary Anton The correct answers are as follows:

Synonym Words from text

Modest/lowly Costly/ pricey Displays/ shows Security/ refuge Enthusiastic/ eager Expanding/ rising

Humble expensive reveals safety keen growing puzzling

Cheap/ inexpensive conceals/ hides danger/ peril/ threat indifferent/ bored/apathetic

shrinking/ reducing

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Antonym

Proud/ Extravagant

经管院第六届团支书联席会期末复习宝典

Confusing/ mystifying Buy/ acquire Country/ rustic Gripping/ convincing

purchase rural compelling

enlightening/ clear sell/ (get rid of) urban/ city unconvincing/ weak

Part B: Cloze passage

The trend to improve one?s house has increased spectacularly over the last twenty years. In the old days there was no compelling reason to spend money on renovating the old, familial home. People let their houses get run down, preferring to enjoy a night at the pub or a holiday abroad rather than investing spare cash on bricks and mortar. But today, as the price of a house outstrips all other ways to make money, people make spending on their homes a priority. A.

Words to note

Column B

adventure playground

An outside play area for older children, consisting of structures for climbing on, ropes for swinging on etc.

climate conserve

An area that has a particular type of weather To protect something or someone from being harmed or having problems

crescent

A curved shape that is wide in the middle

Column A

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and pointed at the ends, like the shape of the moon sometimes

diverse dome crater honeycomb

Very different from each other A roof shaped like the top half of a ball A large round hole in the ground A structure with a lot of holes, that honeybees make to store honey in

moist reproduce safeguard

Slightly wet

To make a copy of something

To prevent land, water, or other natural resources from being damaged or destroyed

Understanding the text

Part A:

Sequencing

1. They drive from London to Eden. 2. A guide tells the about the Eden Project. 3. They all visit the Warm Temperate Biome. 4. They enter the Humid Tropics Biome. 5. They look at plants outdoors. 6. Katie and her family go to a café. Part B:

1. The Eden Project is in a disused mine in Cornwall, England. [T] 2. The Eden Project is designed to tell people about plants in Britain. 3. Katie has been to the Eden Project twice before. 4. The two greenhouses are called biomes.

[T]

[F]

[F]

True or false?

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经管院第六届团支书联席会期末复习宝典

5. The Warm Temperate Biome is the largest greenhouse in the world.

[F]

6. The Eden Project teaches us that plants are essential for humans to live on this planet. [T]

Corrections

2. Although the Eden Project is in Britain, the plants come from all over the World and many of them would not grow naturally in Britain but need specially controlled greenhouses.

3. It was the first time that Katie had visited the Eden Project.

5. There is no information as to whether or not it is the largest greenhouse in the world. The “Humid Tropics Biome” is said to be the largest greenhouse in the world.

Developing Your Skills:

COMPONENTS Identifying Text Types

DETAILS INFORMATION AVAILABLE ? 1) Date Not given 2) Time ? 3) People Involved ? 4) Place(s) She left home at 7 o?clock in the morning We know that Katie?s parents and brother went with her. ?

Most of the diary entry is related to the Eden Project – there are many details of this including location, size, history etc 39 由各班团支书辛勤搜集，团支书联席会秘书长蒋润珠，副秘书长董叶子、杨梦

楠、周家伊、朱怡哲整理

经管院第六届团支书联席会期末复习宝典

5) Significant Event(s) ? 6) Feelings/Opinions In a way, the whole visit was one large significant event. There is no specific event within the visit that stands out as more significant than others but clearly the visit had a great impact on Katie. ? Clear indications of Katie?s feelings are given in the diary entry. The clearest indications are given in the final paragraph where she says “the wonderful sights and sounds”, “amazing”, “enjoy such splendid nature” and “true adventure playground”. Extending your vocabulary

A. Cloze passage

crater climate moist conserve

diverse

In the dry climate of the Arizona desert in the USA there is a large, deep crater that was formed millions of years ago when a meteorite hot the Earth. At the bottom of this depression is a moist, thick jungle containing a wide range of diverse plants and animals that are able to survive here away from the intense heat. These plants and animals conserve water and have adapted to life at the bottom of a well.

B. Definitions

40 由各班团支书辛勤搜集，团支书联席会秘书长蒋润珠，副秘书长董叶子、杨梦

楠、周家伊、朱怡哲整理

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