2012考博冲刺指导原则2

语法结构与词汇

1．语法部分对每个基本的语法现象要分类理解掌握，脑海中储存着一些典型的语法结构，比如条件句、比较级、虚拟式、强调句、连接词、各种时态、特殊句式、独立主格、非谓语动词、情态动词、以及各类词性等等。

2．逐步形成分析句子的结构的能力，并根据语言的时态、语态、文体，理解语义、感受语气、了解语言风格。

3．对各个时态有清楚的整体认识：在手头放着各个时态的典型结构时时参考；

4．对不同的语态有清楚的理解；对解题中语态时态变化能敏锐的觉察，收集不同时态的理解段落，比较信息差异，理解的时候有所区别。

5．词汇部分首先对每个词的词性要有足够的敏感，记忆的时候有意识地分类整理。大词和小词要分别对待，3000词以内的要看到词的同时想到它们在各种词

性和搭配时候的样子；4000-6000内的单词，每个词除了认读以外，还要知道词性和词语出现的大致环境。

6．做题的时候，在没有明确每个句子或分句的主谓语关系之前不能做题。要能够通过句子中的名词、动词、形容词、副词的语义倾向，预判答案的词性、语气、时态、和使用环境。

7．在满足头脑中想象的意义的同时必须符合英文的基本语法。

8．不可执着于头脑中想象的完美答案，要根据上下文找到可以替代想象的词语。所以重要的是在特定的语境下确定词汇意义的能力。

9．要收集整理各种文体常见的词汇，更要注意这些固定成语的意义更多是上下文形成的.

Part Two: Structure and Written Expression (20%)

Directions: For each question decide which of the four choices given will most suitably complete the sentence if inserted at the place marked. Mark your choices on the ANSWER SHEET.

11. Whether the extension of consciousness is a “good thing” for human beings is a question that __________ a wide solution. [A] admits of [B] requires of [C] needs of [D] seeks of

12. In a culture like ours, long __________ all things as a means of control, it is sometimes a bit

of a shock to be reminded that the medium is the message. [A] accustomed to split and divided [B] accustomed to splitting and dividing [C] accustoming to split and divided [D] accustoming to splitting and dividing

13. Apple pie is _________ neither good nor bad; it is the way it is used that determines its

value. [A] at itself [B] as itself [C] on itself [D] in itself

14. __________ us earlier, ___________ your request to the full. [A] You have contacted … we could comply with

[B] Had you contacted … we could have complied with [C] You had contacted … could we have complied with [D] Have you contacted …we could comply with

15. The American Revolution had no medieval legal institutions to _________ or to root out, apart from monarchy. [A] discard [B] discreet [C] discord [D] disgorge

16. Living constantly in the atmosphere of slaves, he became infected _________ the unconscious __________ their psychology. No one can shield himself __________ such an influence.

[A] on…by…at [B] by…for…in [C] from…in…on [D] through…with…from

17. The effect of electric technology had at first been anxiety. Now it appears to create ________. [A] bore [B] bored [C] boredom [D] bordom

18. Jazz tends to be a casual dialogue form of dance quite _________ in the repetitive and mechanical forms of the waltz. [A] lacked [B] lacking [C] for lack of [D] lack of

19. There are too many complaints about society __________ move too fast to keep up with the

machine.

[A] that have to [B] have to [C] having to [D] has to

20. The poor girl spent over half a year in the hospital but she is now ___________ for it. [A] none the worse [B] none the better [C] never worse [D] never better

21. As the silent film __________ sound, so did the sound film __________ color. [A] cried out for … cried out for [B] cry out for … cry out for

[C] had cried out for … cried out for [D] had cried out for … cry out for

22. While his efforts were tremendous the results appeared to be very ___________. [A] trigger [B] meager [C] vigor [D] linger

23. Western man is himself being de-Westernized by his own speed-up, _________ by industrial technology.

[A] as much the Africans are detribalized [B] the Africans are much being detribalized

[C] as much as the Africans are being detribalized [D] as much the Africans are as detribalized

24. We _________ admire his courage and self-confidence. [A] can but [B] cannot only [C] cannot but [D] can only but

25. In the 1930’s, when millions of comic books were _________ the young with fighting and killing, nobody seemed to notice that the violence of cars in the streets was more hysterical. [A] inundating [B] imitating [C] immolating [D] insulating

26. __________ you promise you will work hard, __________ support you to college. [A] If only…will I [B] Only…I will [C] Only if…I [D] Only if…I will

27. It is one of the ironies of Western man that he has never felt _________ invention as a threat to his way of life.

[A] any concern with [B] any concern about [C] any concern in [D] any concern at

28. One-room schools, with all subjects being taught to all grades at the same time, simply ________ when better transportation permits specialized spaces and specialized teaching. [A] resolved [B] absolved [C] dissolved [D] assolved

29. People are living longer and not saving enough, which means they will either have to work ________ longer, live ________ less in retirement or be bailed ________ by the government.

[A] in…for…up [B] for…on…out [C] by…in…on [D] on…for…out

30. The country’s deficit that year __________ to a record 169.8 billion dollars. [A] soared [B] soured [C] sored [D] sourced

11-15: A B D B A 16-20: D C B C B 21-25: D B C C A 26-30: D B C B A

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