英文音标发音规则学习

英语音标的学习,及英语的读法

英语发音规则

音节: 开音节和闭音节

开音节: 以读音的元音字母结尾的重读音节叫绝对开音节（be, me, no, she）；

以一个元音字母加一个辅音字母（r除外）再加上一个不发音的e结尾的重读音节叫相对开音节(came, fine, hope, like)。

闭音节: 以一个元音字母加一个或几个辅音字母（r除外）结尾的音节是闭音节（）。

一、元音字母在重读音节中的读音

元音字母

a

在开音节中 [ei] name plane Jane baby cake 在闭音节中 [ ] bag dad hat map black back e

在开音节中 [ i:] he these me Chinese 在闭音节中 [e] bed let pen desk yes egg i

在开音节中 [ai] bike fly drive time nice kite在闭音节中 [ i ] fish big drink sit milk swim o

在开音节中 [ou] those close go hoe home no在闭音节中 [ ] clock not box shop sock u

在开音节中 [ju:] student excuse duty Tuesday在闭音节中 [ ] bus cup jump much lunch 在开音节中,元音字母u在辅音字母j l r s后面时读[u:]音,例如:June blue ruler super

二,元音字母在非重读音节中的读音

a [ ] China another woman breakfast [ i ] orange comrade village cabbage e [ ] hundred student open weekend [ i ] chicken pocket begin children i [ ]/ [ i ] holiday beautiful family animal [ai] exercise satellite

o [ ] second tonight somebody welcome [ u] also zero photo

u [ ] autumn difficult [ ju: ] popular congratulation January 动词中的a如果处在开音节位置,a读[ei]音,例如:operate

u处在开音节位置,又在辅音字母j l r s后面时,读[u(:)]音,例如:July influence February issue

三、元音字母在重读音节中的特殊读音

a在[w]音后面 [ ] want what watch wash quality

a在f n sk ph sp ss st th前 [a:] after plant graph ask grasp glass fast father i在-nd -ld和gh前 [ ai ] find child light high

o在-st -ld前 [ u] most postcard old cold

o在m n v th前 [ ] come monkey love mother

四、-r音节元音字组在重读音节中的读音

ar在[w]音后面 [ a: ] car farm dark sharpener [ :] warm quarter towards or在[w]音后面 [ :] forty morning short [ :] word worker worse er ir ur [ :] certainly bird Thursday

辅音字母r双写时,前面的元音字母不能与r构成-r音节,而是按重读闭音节的拼读规则发音. 例如: carry sorry hurry

英语音标的学习,及英语的读法

-r音节在非重读音节中通常读[E]音,例如: dollar teacher martyr forget Saturday

五、-re音节元音字组在重读音节中的读音

are [ ] care dare hare

ere [ ] here mere

ire [ ] fire hire wire

ore [ ] more score before

ure [ ] pure cure

are ere ire ore很少出现在非重读音节中,ure在非重读音节中读[ ]音,例如:picture pleasure

重读元音字母加Rr,再加非重读元音字组时,重读元音字母应按-re音节拼读规则拼读,字母Rr读[r]音. 例如: parent zero story during inspiring

六、元音字组在重读音节中的读音

ai/ay [ ei ] afraid rain wait day play

air [ai ] air hair chair pair repair

al在f m前 [ ] small ball talk wall all [ ] always also salt almost bald [a:] half calm au/aw [ :] autumn daughter draw

ea [ i: ] teach easy cheap please [ e ] heavy bread sweater weather [ ei ] break great ear [ ] hear dear near clear year [ ] bear pear wear [ ] earth learn early ee [ i: ] jeep week green three

eer [ ] pioneer deer beer

ei/ey [ei] eight neighbour they [i:] either key

eu/ew在 j l r s后 [ju:] new few newspaper [u:] flew brew

ie/ei[s]音之后 [i:] piece field receive

oa [ u] coat Joan boat goal

oar/oor [ :] roar board door floor

oi/oy [ i] noise point boy toilet

oo [u:] broom food tooth school [u] book look cook foot good

ou/ow [au] flower house count down [ u] know row throw though

[ ] young country enough [ u: ] group you soup

our [ :] course your four [au] our hour ours [ :] journey

ui 在j l r s后 [ju:i] fluid suicide tuition [u:] juice fruit suit

七、非重读音节中元音字组和字群的读音

ai/ay ei/ey [ i ] Sunday foreign monkey

ow [ u] yellow sparrow tomorrow

元音字组在非重读音节中读[ ]音或[ i ]. 例如:neighbour serious famous biscuit coffee -sion -tion [ n] impression nation

-sion在元音字母后 [ n] vision decision occasion

-tion在s后 [t n] question suggestion

-sten [sn] listen

-stle [sl] whistle

-sure [ ] pleasure measure

英语音标的学习,及英语的读法

-ture [t ] picture culture

八、元字组在复合词非重读音节中的读音

复合词中的第二部分不标注重音符号,但其中的元音字母或元音字组仍按重读音节拼读规则拼读.例如: everyday [ei] handbag[ ] blackboard[ :]

有些词随着语言的发展,前后两部分已失去其单独存在的意义,融合成为一个词.其中的非重读部分要按非重读音节的读音规则发音.

例如: sun太阳 + day[ei]日子 > Sunday[i] 星期天

holy神圣 + day[ei]日子 > holiday[i] 假日

break中断 + fast[a:]斋戒 > breakfast[ ] 早餐

cup茶杯 + board木板[ :] > cupboard[ ] 碗柜

九,辅字组的读音

b [b] bike bus bag [/]bomb tomb

c在e前或在i/y前 [k] cake picture coat music [s] face decide cinema

ch [t ] much chick rich teacher [k] school headache chemistry [ ] machine

-ck [k] cock pocket black knock

d [d] doctor bread hand day

-dge [d ] bridge fridge

dr- [dr] children driver drink

f [f] five four breakfast

g在e i/y前 [g ] bag garden go

[d ] orange large German

gh [f] cough enough [/] light daughter high

gu- -gue gu在非重读音节中 [ ] guess league dialogue [w] language anguish

h [h] hot head house hand [/] hour honest

j [d ] jeep jar joke join July

k [k] kind bike skate make week

kn- [n] knife know knock

l [l] life milk school tall

m [m] monkey come autumn

-mn [m] autumn column

n在[k] [g]音前 [n] not shine ten note [ ] uncle thank hungry

-ng [ ] morning young wrong

p [p] paper plane pig ship pen

ph [f] elephant photo telephone

q [k] Iraq

qu- [kw] quality quite

r [r] red rubber ruler

s在词首或清辅音前 元音字母间或浊辅音前 [s] sit sleep desk [z] music husband sc- [sk] scarlet [s] muscle science

sh [ ] she fish shirt wash

t在通常情况下 在弱读字母ia ie io前 [t] ten letter meet [ ] patient nation

tch [t ] watch

英语音标的学习,及英语的读法

th在通常情况下 在冠词 代词 介词 连词中 在词尾-the -ther中

[θ] thin thirty method [ ] the these with than [ ] clothe father weather

tr- [tr] tree train country truck

v [v] very voice love leave

w [w] week win wake sweet wait [/] answer two

wh- wh-在字母o前 [w] what when white why [h] who whose whole

x 在重读元音前 [ks] box text exercise [gz] example exist exact

wr- [r] write

y- [j] yes yard yellow young

z [z] puzzle zero zoo

重读音节 单词中读音特别响亮的音节.用音标标记双音节,多音节词的读音时,应使用重读符号.单音节词多数是重读音节,标记读音时不需要使用重读符号.

开音节

①绝对开音节:单个元音字母后面没有辅字组的重读音节.例如:no blue ba-by stu-dent se-cret.

②相对开音节:单个元音字母后面加单个辅音字母,再加一个不发音字母e构成的重读音节. 例如:name these bike home ex-cuse.

闭音节 单个元音字母后面有辅字组(r w y 除外)且以辅字组结尾的重读音节.

例如:bag egg fish not cup

多音节词重读规则 多音节词通常在倒数第三个音节重读.

例如: el-e-phant con-grat-u- la-tion

词尾有-ic或-tion,-sion的词,在-ic或-sion,-tion前的一个音节上重读.

例如:scien-tific im-pression nation

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英语发音连读的规则：

连读的条件：相邻的两词在意义上必须密切相关，同属一个意群。连读所构成的音节一般都不重读，只需顺其自然地一带而过，不可读得太重，也不可吞音。(连读符号：~)

(1)“辅音 元音”型连读

在同一个意群里，如果相邻两词中的前一个词是以辅音结尾，后一个词是以元音开头，这就要将辅音与元音拼起来连读。

I’m~an~English boy.

It~is~an~old book.

Let me have~a look~at~it.

Ms Black worked in~an~office last~yesterday.

I called~you half~an~hour~ago.

Put~it~on, please.

Not~at~all.

Please pick~it~up.

(2)“r/re 元音”型连读

如果前一个词是以-r或者-re结尾，后一个词是以元音开头，这时的r或re不但要发/r/，而且还要与后面的元音拼起来连读。

英语音标的学习,及英语的读法

They’re my father~and mother.

I looked for~it here~and there.

There~is a football under~it.

There~are some books on the desk.

Here~is a letter for you.

Here~are four~eggs.

But where~is my cup?

Where~are your brother~and sister?

但是，如果一个音节的前后都有字母r，即使后面的词以元音开头，也不能连读。 The black clouds are coming nearer and nearer.（nearer与and不可连读）

(3)“辅音 半元音”型连读

英语语音中的/j/和/w/是半元音，如果前一个词是以辅音结尾，后一个词是以半元音，特别是/j/开头，此时也要连读。

Thank~you.

Nice to meet~you.

Did~you get there late~again?

Would~you like~a cup~of tea？

Could~you help me, please?

“音的同化”

—常把/d/ /j/读成/dV/，did you听上成了/did u/，would you成了/wud u/，could you成了/kud u/。

(4)“元音 元音”型连读如果前一个词以元音结尾，后一个词以元音开头，这两个音往往也要自然而不间断地连读到一起。

I~am Chinese.

He~is very friendly to me.

She wants to study~English.

How~and why did you come here?

She can’t carry~it.

It’ll take you three~hours to walk there.

The question is too~easy for him to answer.

(5)当短语或从句之间按意群进行停顿时，意群与意群之间即使有两个相邻的辅音与元音出现，也不可连读。

Is~it a~hat or a cat?（hat与or之间不可以连读）

There~is~a good book in my desk. （book与in之间不可以连读）

Can you speak~English or French? （English与or之间不可以连读）

Shall we meet at~eight or ten tomorrow morning? （meet与 at，eight与or之间不可以连读）

She opened the door and walked~in. （door与and之间不可以连读）

失去爆破6个爆破音有3对/p/，/b/，/t/，/d/，/k/，/g/

英语音标的学习,及英语的读法

失去爆破，又叫不完全爆破，就是在某些情况下，只须做出发音的准备，但并不发音，稍稍停顿后就发后面的音。

(1)“爆破音 爆破音”型

6个爆破音中的任意2个相邻时，前一个爆破音会失去爆破，即由相关的发音器官做好这个发音的姿势，稍做停顿后即发后面的爆破音。

The girl in the re(d) coat was on a bla(ck) bike jus(t) now.

The bi(g) bus from the fa(c) tory is full of people.

Wha(t) time does he get up every morning?

This is an ol(d) pi(c)ture of a bi(g) car.

The ol(d) do(c)tor has a ca(t), too.

We’re going to work on a farm nex(t) Tuesday.

What would you like, ho(t) tea or bla(ck) coffee?

It’s a very col(d) day, but it’s a goo(d) day.

You can put i(t) down in the bi(g) garden.

I bought a chea(p) book, but it’s a goo(d) book.

(2)“爆破音 摩擦音”型如果前面是爆破音，其后紧跟着某些摩擦音（如/f/，/s/，/W/，/T/等），那么前面那个爆破音仅有十分轻微的爆破，而后面那个摩擦音则要完全爆破。

6个爆破音有3对/p/，/b/，/t/，/d/，/k/，/g/失去爆破，又叫不完全爆破，就是在某些情况下，只须做出发音的准备，但并不发音，稍稍停顿后就发后面的音。

(1)“爆破音 爆破音”型6个爆破音中的任意2个相邻时，前一个爆破音会失去爆破，即由相关的发音器官做好这个发音的姿势，稍做停顿后即发后面的爆破音。

The girl in the re(d) coat was on a bla(ck) bike jus(t) now.

The bi(g) bus from the fa(c) tory is full of people.

Wha(t) time does he get up every morning?

This is an ol(d) pi(c)ture of a bi(g) car.

The ol(d) do(c)tor has a ca(t), too.

We’re going to work on a farm nex(t) Tuesday.

What would you like, ho(t) tea or bla(ck) coffee?

It’s a very col(d) day, but it’s a goo(d) day.

You can put i(t) down in the bi(g) garden.

I bought a chea(p) book, but it’s a goo(d) book.

(2)“爆破音 摩擦音”型如果前面是爆破音，其后紧跟着某些摩擦音（如/f/，/s/，/W/，/T/等），那么前面那个爆破音仅有十分轻微的爆破，而后面那个摩擦音则要完全爆破。

Goo(d) morning, Mr. Bell.

Goo(d) morning, dear.

Uncle Li’s fa(c)tory is qui(te) near to the cinema.

I wen(t) there alone a(t) nine las(t) night.

-Do you know his bi(ke) number? -Sorry, I don’(t) know.

The forty-firs(t) lesson is qui(te) difficult.

Goo(d) luck, Lin Tao

新课标对音标的学习更加重视，更加符合了语言学习的规律，也为学生以后的学习奠定了基础

英语音标的学习,及英语的读法

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