英语中对未曾实现的愿望及打算的表达

英语中对未曾实现的愿望及打算的表达

英语对过去未曾实现的愿望及打算的表达，先看两道题：

① I would love ___to the party last night，but I had to work extra hours to finish a report． A. to go B. to have gone C. going D. having gone ②－Alice，why didn’t you come yesterday？ －l____，but I had an unexpected visitor．

A. had B. would C. was going to D. did

以上两例是曾在高考试题中考查过的对未曾实现的愿望及打算的英语表达。为了帮助同学们更好地复习和掌握这方面的句型，现将我们在教材中学过的这种类型的表达法归纳总结如下，以供参考。 1、should like to／would like to／would love to+不定式完成式，表示主语过去希望做但未做到的事。例如： 1) I should like to have climbed the mountain with her．

2) We would like to have gone to see the film，but we had no time．

3) I would love to have gone to the cinema to see the film that day，but the tickets were all sold out． 2、was/were doing sth．表示主语过去未曾实现的安排或打算。例如： 1）Oh dear！I was writing him a letter this morning，but I forgot all about it．

2）We were planning to spend part of the winter vacation together，but now I don’t think I want to invite him home．

3、was/were going to+不定式一般式，表示一种主语过去未曾实现的打算或计划，意为“本打算……”“本想……”例如：

1）---Where did you go for your weekend？---Well，I was going to visit Beijing，but in the end I went to Shanghai．

2）---I was going to play volleyball on Monday，but I can’t now． ---Bad luck．

3）---What did you do last Sunday？

---Well，I was going to a cinema，but in the end I went to see a fashion show． ---Really？Why didn’t you call me？

---I was going to call for you，but my sister took the other ticket． 4）Dr Lively was going to give a talk this morning．I’m afraid her plane will be very late because of bad weather at the airport．

4、was／were to+不定式完成式，表示未完成的打算、计划或安排，含有“本来打算……”之意。如： 1) He was to have bought a color TV set，but he had no enough money．

2) They were to have been married last month but had to postpone the wedding until next month， 3) He was to have come here yesterday，but he had an important meeting to attend． 4) The plane was to have taken off at six，but something went wrong． 5) We were to have held the sports meeting last week，but it rained． 6) I was to have started work last week，but I caught a bad cold．

7) A new hospital was to have been built in this district，but the money wasn’t collected yet． 5、was／were about to+ 不定式一般式，表示主语过去未曾实现的意图。例如： 1) Mrs Green was about to begin，but Jennie spoke first．

2) This afternoon I was just about to go swimming when luckily our guide saw me and shouted at me，“Stop！Don’t swim”

6、英语中表示愿望的动词如expect，intend，hope，mean，plan，promise，suppose，think，want，wish等用于过去完成式后接不定式一般式或宾语从句，表示未曾实现的愿望或打算。例如： 1) I had intended to come over to see you last night，but someone called and I couldn’t get away． 2) They had wanted to help but could not get here in time．他们本来想帮忙的可没能及时赶到。 3) I had thought Tom would pass the exam this time，but he failed again． 4) We had thought of giving Mary a surprise，but she knew the secret early．

5) I had hoped to be able to take my seat in all this noise without being seen，but that morning the room was quite and orderly．

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6) We had planned to go the station and take the train to Guangzhou on Saturday morning，but you didn’t turn up．

7、英语中表示愿望的动词如expect，intend，hope，mean，plan，promise，suppose，think，want，wish等的过去时后接不定式完成式，表示过去未曾实现的愿望。例如：

l) He intended to have written the manager a letter this morning，but he was very busy． 2) I meant to have given you the dictionary yesterday，but I forgot to bring it here． 3) I wanted to have seen you very much，but I did not like to trouble you． 4) He promised to have lent her some money，but he didn’t． 5) I hoped to have finished the work earlier． 8、wish＋that-从句（从句中谓词动词用 had+过去分词），表示过去未曾实现的愿望。例如；1) I wish I had finished the work in time. （但实际没有）

2) I wish I had written a letter to you． （但事实上没有）

9、情态动词如 should，would，could，might，ought to等后接不定式完成式，表示过去本来打算做、想做或应该做而未做的事。例如：

1) He might have given you more help，even though he was very busy． 2)—We could have walked to the station；it was so near． —Yes．A taxi wasn’t at all necessary． 3)—I stayed at a hotel while in New York．

—Oh，did you？You could have stayed with Barbara． 4) He could have gone by bus then，but he went on foot．

5) You could have spoken three languages．But you didn’t work hard on them when you were a student． 6)—Oh what a long distance！I can't go any farther. —We should have taken a taxi.

7)--You would have caught the train；however，you go there a little late． --Yes，I missed the bus．

8) Your brother’s failed in English again．You ought to have given him mere help. 10、had better/would rather+不定式完成式（省to），表示一种过去的愿望；含有“当初最好／当初真该……”之意。例如：

1) We had better have bought the book. 2) I'd rather have left a note on her desk．

3) She’d rather have stayed at home than go to see the dull film． 4) You had better have done that． 5) I’d rather have told her the news．

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