3.阅读理解专题系列

2010~2014年高考真题备选题库

考点一细节理解

(2014新课标全国卷Ⅰ，D)

As more and more people speak the global languages of English, Chinese, Spanish, and Arabic, other languages are rapidly disappearing. In fact, half of the 6,000 —7,000 languages spoken around the world today will likely die out by the next century, according to the United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization (UNESCO)．

In an effort to prevent language loss, scholars from a number of organizations — UNESCO and National Geographic among them — have for many years been documenting dying languages and the cultures they reflect.

Mark Turin, a scientist at the Macmillan Center, Yale University, who specializes in the languages and oral tradi-tions of the Himalayas, is following in that_tradition. His recently published book, A Grammar of Thangmi w ith an Ethnolinguitic Introduction to the Speakers and Their Culture, grows out of his experience living, working, and raising a family in a village in Nepal.

Documenting the Thangmi language and culture is just a starting point for Turin, who seeks to include other lan-guages and oral traditions across the Himalayan reaches of India, Nepal, Bhutan, and China. But he is not content to simply record these voices before they disappear without record.

At the University of Cambridge Turin discovered a wealth of important materials — including photographs, films, tape recordings, and field notes — which had remained unstudied and were badly in need of care and protection.

Now, through the two organizations that he has foun-ded — the Digital Himalaya Project and the World Oral Lit-erature Project —Turin has started a campaign to make such documents, found in libraries and stores around the world, available not just to scholars but to the younger generations of communities from whom the materials were originally collected. Thanks to digital technology and the widely available Internet, Turin notes, the endangered lan-guages can be saved and reconnected with speech communities.

语篇解读：本文介绍了耶鲁大学的科学家Mark Turin为保护濒临消失的语言而做出的不懈努力。

32．Many scholars are making efforts to ________.

A．promote global languages

B．rescue disappearing languages

C．search for language communities

D．set up language research organizations

解析：选B第一段说到下个世纪，很多语言将濒临消失。根据第二段中的内容可知，

很多学者成立了一些机构，致力于记录即将消失的语言和它们所体现的文化。

33．What does “that tradition” in Paragraph 3 refer to ?

A．Having full records of the languages.

B．Writing books on language teaching.

C．Telling stories about language users.

D．Living with the native speakers.

解析：选A根据第二段的内容可知，有很多学者一直致力于语言和文化的保护工作。再结合第三段的第一句话可知，耶鲁大学的Mark Turin也在做这件事，即记录语言，防止语言的消失。

34．What is Turin's book based on?

A．The cultural studies in India.

B．The documents available at Yale.

C．His language research in Bhutan.

D．His personal experience in Nepal.

解析：选D根据第三段的最后一句可知，Mark Turin的书是以自己在尼泊尔的一个村子里的个人经历为基础的。

35．Which of the following best describes Turin's work?

A．Write, sell and donate.

B．Record, repair and reward.

C．Collect, protect and reconnect.

D．Design, experiment and report.

解析：选C根据文章的内容可知，Mark Turin正在从事的工作是保护即将消失的语言。因此他要搜集语言、保护语言，然后重新将其连接起来。文中出现了documenting, record其实就是指他搜集(collect)语言；文章第五段中的“in need of care and protection”与选项中的protect相照应；最后一句出现了reconnected。因此最佳答案为C。

(2014新课标全国卷Ⅱ，D)

Metro Pocket Guide

Metrorail (地铁)

Each passenger needs a farecard to enter and go out. Up to two children under age five may travel free with a paying customer.

Farecard machines are in every station, Bring small bills because there are no change machines in the stations and farecard machines only provide up to $ 5 in change.

Get one day of unlimited Metrorail rides with a One Day Pass. Buy it from a farecard machine

in Metro stations. Use it after 9：30 a．m. until closing on weekdays, and all day on weekends and holidays.

Hours_of_service

Open: 5 a．m. Mon.－Fri.7 a．m. Sat.－Sun.

Close: midnight Sun.－Thurs. 3 a．m.Fri.－Sat.nights

Last train times vary. To avoid missing the last train, please check the last train times posted in stations.

Metrobus

When paying with exact change, the fare is $1.35. When paying with a SmarTrip? card, the fare is $1.25.

Fares_for_senior/disabled_customers

Senior citizens 65 and older and disabled customers may ride for half the regular fare. On Metrorail and Metrobus, use a senior/disabled farecard or SmarTrip?card. For more information about buying senior/disabled farecards, SmarTrip?cards and passes, please visit abb99100d15abe23492f4d14 or call 202-637-7000 and 202-637-8000.

Senior citizens and disabled customers can get free guide on how to use proper Metrobus and Metrorail services by calling 202-962-1100.

Travel_tips (提示)

·Avoid riding during weekday rush periods — before 9：30 a．m. and between 4 and 6 p．m.

·If you lose something on a bus or train or in a station, please call Lost & Found at 202-962-1195.

语篇解读：这是一篇应用文，介绍地铁指南，就零币兑换、地铁运行时间、老年人/残疾人优惠、特别提醒等方面给予指导说明。

12.What should you know about farecard machines?

A．They start selling tickets at 9：30 a．m.

B．They are connected to change machines.

C．They offer special service to the elderly.

D．They make change for no more than $5.

解析：选D细节理解题。依据第二段最后一句可知车站提供最大面值5美元的零钱。

13．At what time does Metrorail stop service on Saturday?

A．At midnight B．At 3 a．m.

C．At 5 a．m. D．At 7 p．m.

解析：选B细节理解题。依据原文3 a．m.Fri.－Sat. nights推断地铁周六凌晨三点停运。

14．What is good about a SmarTrip?card?

A．It is convenient for old people.

B．It saves money for its users.

C．It can be bought at any time.

D．It is sold on the Internet.

解析：选B推理判断题。文章中反复出现SmarTrip?card一词，再根据Metrobus下的内容可知，其最大特点是使用起来有优惠，换言之能为持卡者省钱。

15．Which number should you call if you lose something on the Metro?

A．202-962-1195 B．202-962-1100

C．202-637-7000 D．202-637-8000

(2014山东，E)

The kids in this village wear dirty, ragged clothes. They sleep beside cows and sheep in huts made of sticks and mud.They have no school. Yet they all can chant the English alphabet, and some can make words.

The key to their success: 20 tablet computers (平板电脑) dropped off in their Ethiopian village in February by a U．S. group called One Laptop Per Child.

The goal is to find out whether kids using today’s new technology can teach themselves to read in places where no schools or teachers exist. The Massachusetts Institute of Technology researchers analyzing the project data say they’re already amazed.“What I think has already happened is that the kids have already learned more than they would have in one year of kindergarten，” said Matt Keller, who runs the Ethiopia program.

The fastest learner —and the first to turn on one of the tablets —is 8-year-old Kelbesa Negusse. The device’s camera was disabled to save memory, yet within weeks Kelbesa had figured out its workings and made the camera work. He called himself a lion, a marker of accomplishment in Ethiopia.

With his tablet, Kelbesa rearranged the letters HSROE into one of the many English animal names he knows. Then he spelled words on his own. “Seven months ago he didn’t know any English. That’s unbelievable，” said Keller.

The project aims to get kids to a stage called “deep reading”，where they can read to learn. It won’t be in Amharic, Ethiopia’s first language, but in English, which is widely seen as the ticket to higher paying jobs.

语篇解读：本文主要介绍了一个被称作One Laptop Per Child的项目计划，它旨在帮助那些没有学校、没有教师的地方的孩子学会阅读。

62．How does the Ethiopia program benefit the kids in the village?

A．It trains teachers for them.

B．It contributes to their self-study.

C．It helps raise their living standards.

D．It provides funds for building schools.

解析：选B推理判断题。根据第三段中的“The goal is to find out whether kids using today’s new technology can teach themselves to read”可知答案。

63．What can we infer from Keller’s words in Paragraph 3?

A．They need more time to analyze data.

B．More children are needed for the research.

C．He is confident about the future of the project.

D．The research should be carried out in kindergartens.

解析：选C推理判断题。根据第三段中Keller所说的话可知，Keller认为孩子们在现代技术设备的帮助下学到了更多东西，故Keller对这个项目的未来充满信心。

64．It amazed Keller that with the tablet Kelbesa could ________.

A．learn English words quickly

B．draw pictures of animals

C．write letters to researchers

D．make phone calls to his friends

解析：选A细节理解题。根据第五段中的“With his tablet, Kelbesa rearranged the letters HSROE into one of the many English animal names he knows.”可知，在这种情况下，Kelbesa学习英语很快。

65．What is the aim of the project?

A．To offer Ethiopians higher paying jobs.

B．To make Amharic widely used in the world.

C．To help Ethiopian kids read to learn in English.

D．To assist Ethiopians in learning their first language.

解析：选C细节理解题。从最后一段第一句“The project aims to get kids to a stage called ’deep reading’，where they can read to learn.”可知，C项正确。

(2014天津，A)

A Guide to the University

Food

The TWU Cafeteria is open 7 am to 8 pm. It serves snacks (小吃), drinks, ice cream bars and meals. You can pay with cash or your ID cards. You can add meal money to your ID cards at the Front Desk. Even if you do not buy your food in the cafeteria, you can use the tables to eat your lunch, to have meetings and to study.

If you are on campus in the evening or late at night, you can buy snacks, fast food, and drinks in the Lower Café located in the bottom level of the Douglas Centre. This area is often used for entertainment such as concerts, games or TV watching.

Relaxation

The Globe, located in the bottom level of McMillan Hall, is available for relaxing, studying, cooking, and eating. Monthly activities are held here for all international students. Hours are 10 am to 10 pm, closed on Sundays.

Health

Located on the top floor of Douglas Hall, the Wellness Centre is committed to physical, emotional and social health. A doctor and nurse is available if you have health questions or need immediate medical help or personal advice. The cost of this is included in your medical insurance. Hours are Monday to Friday, 9 am to noon and 1：00 to 4：30 pm.

Academic Support

All students have access to the Writing Centre on the upper floor of Douglas Hall. Here, qualified volunteers will work with you on written work, grammar, vocabulary, and other academic skills. You can sign up for an appointment on the sign-up sheet outside the door：two 30-minute appointments per week maximum. This service is free.

Transportation

The TWU Express is a shuttle (班车) service. The shuttle transports students between campus and the shopping centre, leaving from the Mattson Centre. Operation hours are between 9 am and 3 pm, Saturdays only. Round trip fare is $1.

语篇解读：这是一篇应用文。文章就大学中的饮食、娱乐、健康、学术支持和交通五个方面作了介绍。

36．What can you do in the TWU Cafeteria?

A．Do homework and watch TV.

B．Buy drinks and enjoy concerts.

C．Have meals and meet with friends.

D．Add money to your ID and play chess.

解析：选C细节理解题。由题干中的TWU Cafeteria可知，应从第一段中查找信息。根据第一段中的第二句“It serves snacks(小吃), drinks, ice cream bars and meals.”可知，这里是吃饭的地方；根据第一段最后一句中的“to have meetings and to study”可知，这里也是你约见朋友、学习的地方。故选C项。

37．Where and when can you cook your own food?

A．The Globe, Friday.

B．The Lower Café，Sunday.

C．The TWU Cafeteria, Friday.

D．The McMillan Hall, Sunday.

解析：选A细节理解题。依据文章第三段可知，在Globe人们可以娱乐、学习、做饭和吃饭，这个地方在星期日关门，因此选项A正确。Lower Café只是让人们吃饭、娱乐的地方，故排除B项；在TWU Cafeteria，你可以买到很多食品，但不允许你做饭，故排除C项；虽然McMillan Hall允许人们做饭，但是星期日是关门的，故排除D项。

38．The Guide tells us that the Wellness Centre ________.

A．is open six days a week

B．offers services free of charge

C．trains students in medical care

D．gives advice on mental health

解析：选D细节理解题。依据题干中的Wellness Centre可知，应从第四段中寻找信息。由第四段的内容可知，Wellness Centre主要致力人们的身体、情感、心理的健康。故选D项。

39．How can you seek help from the Writing Centre?

A．By applying online.

B．By calling the centre.

C．By filling in a sign-up form.

D．By going to the centre directly.

解析：选C细节理解题。依据题干的Writing Centre可知，应从第五段中查找信息，由该段中的“You can sign up for an appointment on the sign-up sheet”可知，寻求帮助时你需要填写一张表格。故选C项。

40．What is the function of TWU Express?

A．To carry students to the lecture halls.

B．To provide students with campus tours.

C．To take students to the Mattson Centre.

D．To transport students to and from the stores.

解析：选D细节理解题。依据最后一段可知，TWU Express是班车，该班车运行在学校校园和购物中心之间。故选D项。

(2014四川，E)

Women are friendly. But men are more competitive, Why? Researchers have found it's all down to the hormone oxytocin (荷尔蒙催生素). Although known as the love hormone, it affects the sexes differently.

“Women tend to be social in their behavior. They often share with others. But men tend to be

competitive. They are trying to improve their social status，” said Professor Ryan.

Generally, people believe that the hormone oxytocin is let out in our body in various social situations and our body creates a large amount of it during positive social interactions (互动) such as falling in love or giving birth.

But in a previous experiment Professor Ryan found that the hormone is also let out in our body during negative social interactions such as envy.

Further researches showed that in men the hormone oxytocin improves the ability to recognize competitive relationships, but in women it raises the ability to recognize friendship.

Professor Ryan's recent experiment used 62 men and women aged 20 to 37.

Half of the participants (参与者) received oxytocin. The other half received placebo (安慰剂)．

After a week, the two groups switched with participants. They went through the same procedure with the other material.

Following each treatment, they were shown some video pictures with different social interactions. Then they were asked to analyze the relationships by answering some questions. The questions were about telling friendship from competition. And their answers should be based on gestures, body language and facial expressions.

The results indicated that, after treatment with oxytocin, men's ability to correctly recognize competitive relationships improved, but in women it was the ability to correctly recognize friendship that got better.

Professor Ryan thus concluded: “Our experiment proves that the hormone oxytocin can raise people's abilities to better distinguish different social interactions. And the behavior differences between men and women are caused by biological factors (因素) that are mainly hormonal.”

语篇解读：本文为研究报告。文中指出男人与女人的行为方式不一样是因为荷尔蒙催生素，人们情绪不佳时也会产生荷尔蒙催生素，并介绍了荷尔蒙催生素对社会交往的影响。

47．What causes men and women to behave differently according to the text?

A．Placebo. B．Oxytocin.

C．The gesture. D．The social status.

解析：选B细节理解题。由第一段中的“Women are friendly. But men are more competitive. Why? Researchers have found it's all down to the hormone oxytocin (荷尔蒙催生素)”可知，男人与女人的行为方式不一样是因为荷尔蒙催生素。

48．What can we learn from Professor Ryan's previous experiment?

A．Oxytocin affects our behavior in a different way.

B．Our body lets out oxytocin when we are deep in love.

C．Our body produces oxytocin when we feel unhappy about others' success.

D．Oxytocin improves our abilities to understand people's

behavior differences.

解析：选C细节理解题。由第四段“But in a previous experiment Professor Ryan found that the hormone is also let out in our body during negative social interactions such as envy.”可知，人们情绪不佳时也会产生荷尔蒙催生素。

49．Why did Professor Ryan conduct the recent experiment?

A．To test the effect of oxytocin on the ability to recognize social interactions.

B．To know the differences between friendship and competition.

C．To know people's different abilities to answer questions.

D．To test people's understanding of body language.

解析：选A推理判断题。由最后一段中的“Our experiment proves that the hormone oxytocin can raise people's abilities to better distinguish different social interactions. And the behavior differences between men and women are caused by biological factors (因素) that are mainly hormonal”可知，Professor Ryan最近的实验是为了证明荷尔蒙催生素对社会交往的影响。

50．The author develops the text by ________.

A．explaining people's behaviors

B．describing his own experiences

C．distinguishing sexual differences

D．discussing research experiments

解析：选D篇章结构题。文章通过讨论实验结果的方式得出相关结论，所以D项正确。

(2014江西，B)

HOLIDAY FUN AT THE POWERHOUSE

500 HARRIS STREET ULTIMO·TELEPHONE (02) 9217 0111

Join in the holiday fun at the Po w erhouse this month linked to our ne w exhibition. E v olution & Re v olution: Chinese dress 1700s to no w. DON'T FORGET our other special e v ent, the Club Med Circus School w hich is part of the Circus (马戏团)！150 years of circus in Australia exhibition experience!

◆Chinese Folk Dancing: Colorful Chinese dance and musical performances by The Chinese Folk Dancing School of Sydney. Dances include: the Golden stick dance and the Chinese drum dance. A feature will be the Qin dynasty Emperor's court dance. Also included is a show of face painting for Beijing opera performances.

Sunday 29 June and Wednesday 2 July in the Turbine Hall, at 11.30 am & 1.30 pm.

◆Australian Chinese Children's Arts Theatre: Well-known children's play experts from

Shanghai lead this dynamic youth group. Performances include Chinese fairy tales and plays.

Thursday 3 to Sunday 6 July in the Turbine Hall, at 11.30 am & 1.30 pm.

◆Chinese Youth League: A traditional performing arts group featuring performance highlights such as the Red scarf and Spring flower dances, and a musician playing Er Hu.

Sunday 6 to Tuesday 8 July in the Turbine Hall, 11.30 am to 1.30 pm.

◆Kids Activity: Make a Paper Horse: Young children make a paper horse cut-out. (The horse is a frequent theme in Chinese painting, indicating a kind of advancement.) Suitable for ages 8－12 years.

Saturday 28 June to Tuesday 8 July in the Turbine Hall, 12.00 pm to 1.00 pm.

◆Club Med Circus School: Learn circus skills, including the trapeze, trampolining and magic. Note only for children over 5. There are 40 places available in each 1 hour session and these must be booked at the front desk, level 4, on the day.

Tuesday 1 to Saturday 5 July at 11.30 am & 1.00 pm.

Enjoy unlimited free visits and many other benefits by becoming a Family member of the Powerhouse. Our family memberships cover two adults and all children under the age of 16 years at the one address.

Members receive Po w erline, our monthly magazine, discounts in the shops and restaurants, as well as free admission to the Museum. All this for as little as D|S50.00 a year! Call (02)9217 0600 for more details.

语篇解读：本文是一篇应用文。度假旅游去哪里呢？请到the Powerhouse来。在这儿可以免费参观游玩。还等什么呢？马上行动吧。

61．When can you watch the Chinese drum dance?

A．On July 2. B．On July 3.

C．On July 6. D．On July 8.

解析：选A细节理解题。根据Chinese Folk Dancing部分中的“Sunday 29 June and Wednesday 2 July”可知答案。

62．To learn the magic tricks, you can go to ________.

A．Kids Activity

B．Chinese Youth League

C．Club Med Circus School

D．Children's Arts Theatre

解析：选C细节理解题。根据“Club Med Circus School”部分中的“Learn circus skills ...and magic.”可知答案。

63．What is required if you want to enjoy free visits to the Museum?

A．Calling (02) 9217 0600.

B．Gaining family membership.

C ．Coming for the holiday fun.

D ．Paying Po w erline D|S50.00 a year.

解析：选B 细节理解题。文章最后两段告诉人们如何获得免费游玩的机会。由此可知答案。

64．What is the main purpose of the text? A ．To attract visitors. B ．To present schedules. C ．To report the performances. D ．To teach kids Chinese arts.

解析：选A 写作意图题。广告的目的当然是为了吸引游客前来。

(2014陕西，A)

Our warming planet is expected to face serious water crises (危机) in the coming decades —

which means each nation's natural resource will be more important than ever.

语篇解读：这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了地球所面临的一些问题。文中特别用具体的数字说明了中国在全球所处的位臵。

46．According to the statistics, what is the world average of freshwater resource per person?

A．244,973 cubic meters.

B．241 cubic kilometers.

C．3,642 cubic kilometers.

D．6,122 cubic meters.

解析：选D细节理解题。根据文章中的W ATER PER PERSON中的WORLD A VERAGE 可知，世界人均淡水6 122立方米。故答案为D。

47．Which country or region has the most freshwater resource per year?

A．Guyana.B．Brazil.

C．Iceland. D．China.

解析：选B细节理解题。根据文章中RENEW ABLE WATER中的内容可知，Brazil是5 418立方千米，排名第一位。故答案为B。

48．Which country or region appears twice on the Top 5 lists?

A．Bhutan. B．Seychelles.

C．Canada. D．Suriname.

解析：选D细节理解题。从文章中可找出Suriname在FORESTS和W ATER PER PERSON中都出现了，它总共出现了两次。故答案为D。

(2014北京，A)

Sea Life Melbourne Aquarium (水族馆)

The all-new Sea Life Melbourne Aquarium, situated in the heart of Melbourne's CBD, is one of Victoria's leading visitor attractions and an unforgettable outing for the whole family. Having 12 amazing zones of discovery, Sea Life Melbourne Aquarium is the very place that you cannot miss when you visit the city.

◆Opening Times

Sea Life Melbourne Aquarium is open from 9：30 am until 6：00 pm every day of the year, including public holidays. Last admission is at 5：00 pm, one hour before closing.

◆Location (位置)

Sea Life Melbourne Aquarium is located on the corner of Flinders Street and King Street, Melbourne. It is situated on the Yarra River, opposite Crown Entertainment Complex.

◆Getting to Sea Life Melbourne Aquarium

Train

Sea Life Melbourne Aquarium is a short walk from either Flinders or Southern Cross train stations.

Tram (有轨电车)

The Sea Life Melbourne Aquarium tram stop is located on the free City Circle Tram route(公交线路) and also routes 70 and 75. City Circle trams run every 10 minutes in both directions.

Shuttle Bus

The Melbourne City Tourist Shuttle is a free bus service, stopping at key tourist attractions in and around the City. Running daily, every 15 minutes from 10：00 am to 4：00 pm.

◆Car Parking

While there is no public car parking at Sea Life Melbourne Aquarium, there are several public car parking lots available only a short walk away.

◆Wheelchair Access

Sea Life Melbourne Aquarium provides people in wheelchairs with full access to all 12 zones. Each floor also has wheelchair accessible toilets.

◆Terms

Tickets will be emailed to you immediately after purchase or you can download and print your ticket once payment has been accepted. Please print out all tickets purchased and present at the front entrance of Sea Life Melbourne Aquarium. No ticket, no entry!

语篇解读：本文是一篇应用文，就全新的墨尔本海洋生物水族馆的各方面情况向读者作简要的介绍。

56．Sea Life Melbourne Aquarium ________.

A．is located at the center of the CBD in the city

B．has 12 most attractive places in Melbourne

C．admits visitors from 9：30 am until 6：00 pm

D．is beside Crown Entertainment Complex

解析：选A细节理解题。根据第一段第一句中的“The all-new Sea Life Melbourne Aquarium, situated in the heart of Melbourne's CBD”可知，该水族馆位于墨尔本中央商业区的中心位臵，故选A项。

57．Getting to Sea Life Melbourne Aquarium, visitors can take ________.

A．trains from Southern Cross train station

B．shuttle buses around the train station

C．boats across the Yarra River

D．either tram route 70 or 75

解析：选D细节理解题。根据Tram (有轨电车)下面的“The Sea Life Melbourne Aquarium tram stop is located on the free City Circle Tram route (公交线路) and also routes 70

and 75”可知，通过70或75号公交线路可到达该水族馆，故选D项。

58．Sea Life Melbourne Aquarium offers visitors ________.

A．free car parking

B．wheelchair access

C．Internet connection

D．transportation service

解析：选B细节理解题。根据Wheelchair Access下面的“Sea Life Melbourne Aquarium provides people in wheelchairs with full access to all 12 zones.”可知，该水族馆为游客提供轮椅通道，故选B项。

59．Tickets to Sea Life Melbourne Aquarium ________.

A．are free to all visitors

B．can be purchased by email

C．are checked at the entrance

D．can be printed at the ticket office

解析：选C推理判断题。根据Terms下面的“Please print out all tickets purchased and present at the front entrance of Sea Life Melbourne Aquarium. No ticket, no entry！”可推知，在该水族馆入口处要检票，故选C项。

(2014安徽，C)

You are the collector in the gallery of your life. You collect. You might not mean to but you do. One out of three people collects tangible (有形的) things such as cats, photos and noisy toys.

These are among some 40 collections that are being shown at “The Museum Of”— the first of several new museums which, over the next two years, will exhibit the objects accumulated by unknown collectors. In doing so, they will promote a popular culture of museums, not what museums normally represent.

Some of the collections are fairly common —records, model houses. Others are strangely beautiful — branches that have fallen from trees, for example. But they all reveal (显露) a lot of things: ask someone what they collect and their answers will tell you who they are.

Others on the way include “The Museum of Collectors” and “The Museum of Me.”These new ones, it is hoped, will build on the success of “The Museum Of.” The thinkers behind the project want to explore why people collect, and what it means to do so. They hope that visitors who may not have considered themselves collectors will begin to see they, too, collect.

Some collectors say they started or stopped making collections at important points: the beginning or end of adolescence —“it’s a growing-up thing; you stop when you grow up，” says one. Other painful times are mentioned, such as the end of a relationship. For time and life can

seem so uncontrollable that a steady serial (顺序排列的) arrangement is comforting.

语篇解读：本文为说明文。每个人都是人生艺术走廊的收藏者。未来两年，“The Museum Of”将举办大约40场无名收藏者的收藏展。

64．How will the new museums promote a popular culture of museums?

A．By collecting more tangible things.

B．By showing what ordinary people have collected.

C．By correcting what museums normally represent.

D．By accumulating 40 collections two years from now.

解析：选B细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句“In doing so, they will promote a popular culture of museums, not what museums normally represent.”以及此句中的doing so所指代的“exhibit the objects accumulated by unknown collectors”可知应选B。

65．What can be learned about collectors from their collections?

A．Who they are.

B．How old they are.

C．Where they were born.

D．Why they might not mean to collect.

解析：选A细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句“But they all reveal (显露) a lot of things: ask someone what they collect and their answers will tell you who they are.”可知选A。

66．Which of the following is an aim of the new museums?

A．To help people sell their collections.

B．To encourage more people to collect.

C．To study the significance of collecting.

D．To find out why people visit museums.

解析：选C细节理解题。根据第四段第三句“The thinkers behind the project want to explore why people collect, and what it means to do so.”可知选C。

67．According to the last paragraph, people may stop collecting when they ________.

A．become adults

B．feel happy with life

C．are ready for a relationship

D．feel time to be uncontrollable

解析：选A细节理解题。根据最后一段首句“Some collectors say they started or stopped making collections at important points: the beginning or end of adolescence —’it’s a growing-up thing; you stop when you grow up，’says one.”可知选A。

(2014湖南，A)

Want to improve your writing skills? New Writing South is directing the way!

·Towner Writer Squad (班组) for kids aged 13－17

Led by comedy and TV writer, Marian Kilpatrick, Towner Writer Squad will meet once a month at the contemporary art museum for 11 months, starting 12 October, 2014.

The FREE squad sessions will include introductions to a wide range of writing styles, from poetry to play writing and lyrics (抒情诗) to flash fiction, to support the development of young writers.

Application & Selection

If you would like to apply to be part of the Towner Writer Squad, please send a sample piece of your writing (about 500 words), responding to the title‘LUNCH’，with your name, age, address and e-mail address to: debo@ne ww abb99100d15abe23492f4d14.

Once all applications are in, you will be invited to an open selection event on 17 September, 4－5 pm, at the gallery of Towner. This will be an informal opportunity to meet the Squad Leader, Squad Associate and other young people.

You will also have a chance to get to know the fantastic gallery space and get a taste of what's to come.

Deadline for applications: 8 September, 2014

For further information go to: abb99100d15abe23492f4d14/to w ner or to w abb99100d15abe23492f4d14 or ne ww abb99100d15abe23492f4d14 Any questions —feel free to send your e-mail to Towner Writer Squad Associate: w harne@to w ner.go abb99100d15abe23492f4d14

·Beginner Writing Project for kids aged 10－13

Due to popular demand, a writing project will be started for eager beginners.

Start time: 6 September, 2014

Meet every other Saturday, 2－4 pm, at the Towner Study Centre.

Study and write at your own pace — you do not have to rush — as you have a year to go through the project. Practise under the guidance of some experienced writers and teachers who can help you with basic writing skills. Most importantly, build confidence and have fun while writing！

No previous experience or special background is required. Many others have been successful this way. If they can do it, why can't you?

Fee: ￡179

For more information go to: ne w to w abb99100d15abe23492f4d14 or abb99100d15abe23492f4d14

语篇解读：本文为应用文。本文是两则写作培训班的广告，这两个培训班旨在培养不同年龄段的青少年的写作能力。

56．Towner Writer Squad will be started ________.

A．to train comedy and TV writers

B．to explore the fantastic gallery space

C．to introduce a contemporary art museum

D．to promote the development of young writers

解析：选D细节理解题。根据第三段中的“from poetry to play writing and lyrics (抒情诗) to flash fiction, to support the development of young writers”可知，Towner Writer Squad创建的目的在于促进年轻作者的发展。

57．To join the Writer Squad, each applicant should first ________.

A．provide a piece of their writing

B．meet the Writer Squad Leader

C．offer their family information

D．complete an application form

解析：选A细节理解题。根据第四段第一句中的“If you would like to apply to be part of the Towner Writer Squad, please send a sample piece of your writing”可知，要想加入这个课程，申请人先要交一篇自己的作品，故A项正确。

58．Applications for the Writer Squad should be e-mailed no later than ________.

A．6 September, 2014

B．8 September, 2014

C．17 September, 2014

D．12 October, 2014

解析：选B细节理解题。根据第一则广告中的“Deadline for applications: 8 September, 2014”可知，申请的截止日期是2014年9月8日，故B项正确。

59．What is most important for the beginners?

A．Practising as much as possible.

B．Gaining confidence and having fun.

C．Studying and writing at their own pace.

D．Learning skills from writers and teachers.

解析：选B细节理解题。根据第二则广告中的“Most importantly, build confidence and have fun while writing”可知，对于初学者来说，树立信心和开心写作才是最重要的。

60．More information about Beginner Writing Project can be found at ________.

A．abb99100d15abe23492f4d14/to w ner

B．ne ww abb99100d15abe23492f4d14

C．ne w to w abb99100d15abe23492f4d14

D．to w abb99100d15abe23492f4d14

解析：选C细节理解题。根据文章最后一句“For more information go to: newtowner. org. uk”可知，C项正确。

(2014浙江，B)

Here is some must-kno w information from a handbook on ho w people beha v e in doing business in some countries.

In Brazil

Brazilians are warm and friendly. They often stand close when talking and it is common for them to touch the person on the shoulder. People often greet each other (particularly women) with light cheek kisses. Schedules tend to be flexible, with business meetings sometimes starting later than planned. But to be safe, be on time. Meals can stretch for hours — there's no such thing as rushing a meal in Brazil. Lunches also can start in the mid to late afternoon. Brazilians are social, preferring face-to-face communication over mails or phone calls.

In Singapore

Singaporeans shake hands when they meet and often also greet each other with a small, polite bow. Business cards should be offered and received with two hands. Arriving late is considered disrespectful. So be on time. Efficiency (效率) is the goal, so meetings and dealings often are fast-paced. Singaporeans are direct in their discussions, even when the subject is about money. Rank is important and authority is respected. This determines how people interact in meetings. For example, people avoid disagreeing outright of someone of a higher rank.

In the United Arab Emirates

In the UAE, status is important, so the most senior or oldest should be greeted first with their titles. The handshake seems to be longer than elsewhere. So how do not pull away from the handshake. Women should cover themselves when it comes to dress. Men also tend to be covered from neck to elbows (肘部) and down to the knees. People do not avoid entertaining in their homes, but they also hold business meals at restaurants. Touching or passing food or eating with your left hand is to be avoided. When meetings are one-to-one, if your host offers you coffee, you should refuse. It might seem odd, but it is a cultural tradition. Coffee should only be accepted if it is already set out or presented.

In Switzerland

The Swiss tend to be formal and address each other by last name. They also are respectful of private lives. You should be careful not to ask about personal topics. Punctuality (守时) is vital, something that comes from a deep respect for others' time. Arrive at any meeting or event a few minutes early to be safe. They also have clear structure in their companies. Higher-ups make the final decisions, even if others might disagree. Neat, clean dress is expected. The Swiss follow formal table manners. They also keep their hands visible at the table and their elbows off the table. It is polite to finish the food on your plate.

语篇解读：本文主要介绍了在巴西、新加坡、阿拉伯联合酋长国和瑞士这四个国家的生意场上应该注意的举止、礼仪。

46．The passage is mainly about ________.

A．communication types

B．the workplace atmosphere

C．customs and social manners

D．living conditions and standards

解析：选C主旨大意题。由文章的第一段“Here is some ... in some countries.”可知，本文主要介绍了人们必须了解的在一些国家的生意场上的礼仪。故选C项。

47．Why do Singaporeans avoid arguing with their boss?

A．They put efficiency in the first place.

B．They dislike face-to-face communication.

C．They want to finish meetings as quickly as possible.

D．They are supposed to obey the person of a higher rank.

解析：选D推理判断题。由In Singapore部分中的“Rank is important and authority ... a higher rank.”可以判断，新加坡人避免与老板争吵是因为在新加坡等级很重要，人们一般避免与比自己级别高的人发生正面冲突。故D项正确。

48．In the UAE, when should you refuse the coffee if it is offered?

A．When greeting seniors.

B．When meeting the host alone.

C．When attending a presentation.

D．When dining with business partners.

解析：选B细节理解题。由In the United Arab Emirates部分的“When meetings are one-to-one, if your host offers you coffee, you should refuse.”可知，在一对一的聚会中，如果主人向你提供咖啡，你要拒绝。故选B。

49．In which country do people care about where to put their hands at the dinner table?

A．In Brazil.

B．In Singapore.

C．In the United Arab Emirates.

D．In Switzerland.

解析：选D细节理解题。由In Switzerland部分的倒数第二句“They also keep their hands visible at the table”可知，D项正确。

(2014辽宁，D)

Travis is the manager of G&G where he is responsible for forty employees (雇员) and profits (利润) of over $2 million per year. He's never late to work. He does not get upset on the job. When one of his employees started crying after a customer screamed at her, Travis took her away. “Your working uniform is your shelter，” he told her. “Nothing anyone says will ever hurt you. You will always be as strong as you want to be.”

Travis picked up that lecture in one of his G&G training courses, an education program that began on his first day and continues throughout an employee's occupation. The training has, Travis says, changed his life. G&G has taught him how to live, how to focus, how to get to work on time, and how to master his emotions (情绪). Most importantly, it taught him willpower.

At the center of that education is an extreme focus on an all-important habit: willpower. Dozens of cases show that willpower is the single most important habit for a person's success.

And the best way to strengthen willpower is to make it into a habit. “Sometimes it looks like people with great self-control aren't working hard —but that's because they've made it automatic，” Angela Duckworth, one of the University of Pennsylvania researchers said. “Their willpower occurs without them having to think about it.”

The company spent millions of dollars developing programs of study to train employees on self-control. Managers wrote workbooks that serve as guides to how to make willpower a habit in workers' lives. Those courses are, in part, why G&G has grown from a sleepy company into a large one with more than seventeen thousand stores and profits of more than $10 billion a year.

语篇解读：本文是一篇议论文。本文以G&G公司经理Travis为例向我们阐述了意志力的重要性。同时文章也介绍了增强意志力的最佳做法。

33．We learn from Paragraph 2 that employees in G&G must ________.

A．learn to give lectures

B．attend education programs

C．design a working uniform

D．develop a common hobby

解析：选B细节理解题。根据第二段第一句“Travis picked up that lecture in one of his G&G training courses, an education program that began on his first day and continues throughout an employee's occupation.”可知，员工在G&G公司必须参加教育培训项目。故选B。

34．Willpower will become a habit when employees can ________.

A．focus on the profits

B．benefit from the job

C．protect themselves well

D．control their feeling well

解析：选D推理判断题。根据第五段的第一句和第二句“The company spent millions of dollars developing programs of study to train employees on self-control. Managers wrote workbooks that serve as guides to how to make willpower a habit in workers' lives.”可知，当员工们能够很好地控制自己的情感时，意志力就会成为一种习惯。故选D。

35．What can we infer from the passage?

A．G&G has grown into a large company.

B．G&G will spend half its profits training employees.

C．G&G may become more successful in the future.

D．G&G has to produce more workbooks for managers.

解析：选C推理判断题。根据本文最后一句“Those courses are, in part, why G&G has grown from a sleepy company into a large one with more than seventeen thousand stores and profits of more than $10 billion a year.”可知，培训课程使得G&G公司走向强大，而且未来可能会更成功。故选C。

(2014广东，D)

Scientists today are making greater effort to study ocean currents (洋流). Most do it using satellites and other high-tech equipment. However, ocean expert Curtis Ebbesmeyer does it in a special way — by studying movements of random floating garbage. A scientist with many years' experience, he started this type of research in the early 1990s when he heard about hundreds of athletic shoes washing up on the shores of the northwest coast of the United States. There were so many shoes that people were setting up swap_meets to try and match left and right shoes to sell or wear.

Ebbesmeyer found out in his researches that the shoes —about 60,000 in total — fell into the ocean in a shipping accident. He phoned the shoe company and asked if they wanted the shoes back. As expected, the company told him that they didn't. Ebbesmeyer realized this could be a great experiment. If he learned when and where the shoes went into the water and tracked where they landed, he could learn a lot about the patterns of ocean currents.

The Pacific Northwest is one of the world's best areas for beachcombing (海滩搜寻) because winds and currents join here, and as a result, there is a group of serious beachcombers in the area. Ebbesmeyer got to know a lot of them and asked for their help in collecting information about where the shoes landed. In a year he collected reliable information on 1,600 shoes. With this data, he and a colleague were able to test and improve a computer program designed to model ocean currents, and publish the findings of their study.

As the result of his work, Ebbesmeyer has become known as the scientist to call with questions about any unusual objects found floating in the ocean. He has even started an association of beachcombers and ocean experts, with 500 subscribers from West Africa to New Zealand. They

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