大学英语读写1 U6练习题

Unit 6 Animal Intelligence

I. Vocabulary Part One

Directions: Match the words in column A with the definitions in column B.

1. dominant a. try to come to an agreement 2. relieve b. taking great care to avoid danger 3. thrive c. make larger or longer 4. extend d. free from pain, anxiety 5. maintain e. extremely impressive and attractive 6. negotiate f. grow strong and healthy 7. cautious g. continue to do or have sth. 8. magnificent h. having control or authority

Part Two

Directions: Choose the proper words or expressions and put the number in the blanks. 1. undertake 2. wipe out 3. serves our purpose 4. evidence 5. size up 6. encounter 7. controversy 8. nevertheless 9. pull yourself together 10. typical 11. go far 12. threw up 13. in his interest 14. release

1. The more dangerous we ____ the harder should we push forward.. 2. These measures should _____ towards solving the problem. 3. Such bragging is _____ of his behavior.

4. You should try to ____ your memory of those terrible events. 5. It?s a matter of duty. That?s why I?m prepared to _____ it. 6. Just _____. There is no point crying about it.

7. The contractor ____ some temporary sheds to hold the new equipment. 8. This payment will _____ you from further obligation to the company. 9. We have found a house that _____.

10. It is _____ to keep in touch with a business contact.

Part Three

Directions: Complete each of the following sentences with an appropriate form of the word

given in the bracket.

1. The critic?s ____ of the book is that it is poorly written. (assess)

2. He was a _____ investor who studied the market before buying. (caution) 3. Sound the alarm only in an _____. (emergent)

4. The child opened the package with _____ pleasure. (evidence)

5. The new traffic regulations will cause much _____ among drivers. (controversial) 6. New mathematics _____ new ways of thinking. (originality) 7. The behavior of the stranger aroused our ______. (suspicious)

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8. The well-known singer was ______ at the piano by a brass band. (company) 9. My sister had a very ______ nature, we all did what she wanted. (dominate) 10.This library was ______ to the laboring people before liberation. (access)

Part Four

Directions: Choose the ONE that best completes the sentence from the four choices given

under each sentence.

1. The nurse ______ his pain by giving him a cold drink.

A. released B. set free C. relieved D. relived 2. The islands are _____ from the mainland by a vast stretch of sea. A. isolated. B. divided C. blocked D. split

3. The factory was so organized that if the demand for refrigerators fell off they could ___ the production of washing-machines.

A. negotiate with B. take to C. switch to D. hold out

4. Mary didn?t ______ the new rule her father made of being home at 6 o?clock. A. take into B. take after C. take on D. take to 5. As he approached the end of the race, he found it had to ____ his speed. A. carry on B. catch up C. maintain D. preserve 6. Beer has a very distinctive smell, it?s quite ____ from the smell of wine. A. distinct B. distinguish C. feature D. distinctive 7. I can?t ____ why she married a man like that.

A. reason out B. figure out C. make out of D. take out

8. The teacher was _____ to find that John, the laziest boy in her class, had got an A in the English final examination.

A. surprised B. shocked C. astonished D. amazed 9. Many people ____ their lack of knowledge as soon as they start talking. A. display B. dispatch C. disregard D. dissolve 10. Dark glasses serve to _____ the eyes from the glare of the sun,

A. save B. shield C. shelter D. defend 11. ______ a slight mistake, the answer is correct.

A. Except B. Besides C. Apart from D. In addition to

12. Human behavior is mostly a product of learning, whereas the behavior of an animal depends mainly on ___.

A. consciousness B. impulse C. instinct D. response 13. I never trusted him because I always thought of him as such a ___ character. A. gracious B. suspicious C. unique D. particular 14. The proposal was ___ as too radical by the committee.

A. refused B. rejected C. declined D. repelled

15. The ex-convict went to another part of the country in an ____ to lead a new and law-abiding life.

A. endeavor B. try C. strive D. attempt

16. It is quite necessary for a qualified teacher to have good manners and _____ knowledge. A. extensive B. expensive C. intensive D. expansive

17. I was trying to ____ him ___, but failed because he didn?t fit into any type I knew.

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A. check…through B. size…up C. pick…out D. note…down 18. Her peculiar personality _____ her unfortunate childhood.

A. results in B. stems from C. derives from D. stands for

19. Even at that early stage, the school felt that she ___ a good chance of passing her exams. A. stood B. gained C. possessed D. took

20. Since everyone would like to find an apartment near the university, there are very few ___ apartments in the area.

A. free B. vacant C. empty D. blank

II. Structure Part One

Directions: Choose the ONE that best completes the sentence from the four choices marked A,

B, C and D.

1. He met her in the doorway just as she ____ to go away.

A. be about to B. is about to C. was about to D. will be about to 2. Busy ___ he is, he can fulfill the task ahead of schedule.

A. because B. no matter how C. as D. although 3. I urged that he ___ these steps.

A. takes B. took C. take D. taking

4. Many people are only dimly aware of the ways in which the environment can be protected; ___ have governments made sufficient effort to educate them.

A. so B. nor C. neither D. but 5. Would you mind ___ quiet for a moment? I am trying ___ a form. A. keeping…filling out B. keeping… to fill out C. to keep.. to fill out D. to keep…filling out

6. Tom promised that he would not be late for the meeting this time, _____ he were late again? A. how about B. but what C. but what if D. and what about 7. The buses, _____ were already full, were surrounded by angry crowd.

A. most of which B. both of whom C. few of them D. those of which 8. He opened his lips as if ___ something.

A. saying B. having said C. says D. to say

9. The air pollution in this area has reached the point ____ residents have to shut their windows 24 hours a day.

A. which B. as C. that D. where 10. I?d prefer _____ on such on a cold night.

A. staying at home watching TV than going out B. to stay at home watching TV rather than go out C. staying at home watching TV to going out D. to stay at home watching TV than to go out

11. ____ the doctor right away, he might be alive today.

A. Should he have gone to B. If he went to C. Were he to go D. Had he gone to 12. Very seldom _____ that two clocks or watches exactly agree.

A. you find B. find you C. you will find D. do you find

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13. He was one of the first persons, ____ a car like this one.

A. if not the first person driving B. if not the first person, to drive C. if was not the first person driving D. if was not the first person to drive

14. Animal observations point out that the rabbit chews down trees to get food and material ____ its home.

A. with that to build B. with which to build C. which to be built in D. which to build in 15. I can?t understand _____ decision until it is late.

A. him to postpone to make B. him postpone making C. his postpone to make D. his postponing making 16. _____ their inexperience, they?ve done a good job.

A. Considering B. Given C. Allowing for D. all of the above 17. The picture exhibition bored me to death. I wish I ____ to it. A. have not gone B. did not go

C. had not gone D. should not have gone 18. I object ____ for such a difficult job.

A. His being too young B. that he is too young C. to his being too young D. to him being too young

19. They claim that ____ 1,000 factories closed down during the economic crisis. A. sufficiently B. approximately C. considerably D. properly

20. Farmers mistrusted speculative grain selling through Grain Exchange. It happened too often

that they sold their wheat soon after harvest ____ see prices rising and speculators getting rich. A. only to B. so as to C. in order to D. in attempts to

Part Two

Directions: Identify the ONE that is not correct and write down the correct answer.

1. The new air-conditioner seems to have gone wrong. Why don?t call the repairman to check it? A B C D ( ) 2. Although the Indians lacking animals hey had the ability to cultivate plants suitable for daily A B C D use.

( ) 3. As we approached to the village, we saw many new houses being built. A B C D ( ) 4. After interviewed for the job, you will be required to take a language test. A B C D ( ) 5. Our civilization is so commonplace to us that rarely we stop to think about its complexity. A B C D ( ) 6. The noise problem as well as several other issues is going to be discussed in details when A B the Congress is in session again next spring. C Ｄ ( ) 7. Either humans and animals learns by experience, and what is learned influences the planning

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A B C and carrying out of simple actions. D ( ) 8. Early movies had appeal immediate and became a means to present contemporary attitudes Ａ B C D fashions, and events. ( )

9. Two unique features of the Arctic they are lack of precipitation and permanently frozen ground. Ａ Ｂ Ｃ D

( ) 10. Elephants are considered to be among the intelligent of mammals and can be trained to Ａ Ｂ C work and performing. Ｄ ( )

A) III. Cloze

Part One

Directions: Fill in the gaps with any word that you think fit.

Pumas are large, cat-like animals that are found in America. When reports came into London Zoo 1 a wild puma had been spotted forty-five miles south 2 London, they were not taken seriously. However, as the evidence began to accumulate, experts from the Zoo felt obliged 3 investigate, for the descriptions 4 by people who claimed to have seen the 5 were extraordinarily similar. The hunt for the puma began in a small village 6 a woman picking blackberries saw ?a large cat? only five yards 7 from her. It immediately ran away when she saw it, and experts confirmed that a puma will not attack a human being 8 it is cornered. The search 9 difficult, for the puma was often observed at one 10 in the morning and at another place twenty miles away in the evening.

A) Part Two

Directions: Choose the ONE that best fits into the passage.

Once a day a cheap, gaudy packet（邮船）arrived upward from St. Louis, and 1 2 from Keokuk. Before these 3 , the day was glorious 4 expectancy; 5 them, the day was a dead and empty thing. Not only the boys, but the 6 village, felt this. After all these years I can 7 that old 8 to myself now, just as it was then: the white town 9 in the sunshine of a summer?s morning; the street was 10 or pretty 11 so; one or two clerks sat in front of the water street stores, with their splint-bottomed (细木条底的) chairs tilted back 12 the walls, chins 13 breasts, hats 14 15 their faces, asleep — with shingle-shavings (屋顶板) enough around to show what broke them 16 ; a sow (母猪) and a 17 of pigs loafed 18 the sidewalk, doing a good business in watermelon rinds (西瓜皮) and seeds; two or three lonely little freight piles 19 about the “levee” (防洪提); two or three wood flats were at the head of the wharf, but nobody 20 listen to the peaceful lapping of the wavelets against them. 1. A. one B. another C. the other D. others 2. A. upward B. southward C. northward D. downward 3. A. events B. incidents C. occurrence D. happenings 4. A. of B. in C. with D. for

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5. A. except B. after C. without D. complete 6. A. total B. all C. whole D. complete 7. A. picture B. recall C. remember D. imagine 8. A. times B. time C. picture D. memory 9. A. drowsing B. drowses C. drowse D. drowsed 10. A. vacant B. blank C. empty D. hollow 11. A. nearly B. almost C. practically D. thus 12. A. upon B. along C. with D. against 13. A. at B. on C. by D. above 14. A. slouch B. slouches C. slouched D. slouching 15. A. over B. on C. above D. off 16. A. up B. down C. out D. off 17. A. group B. couple C. dozen D. litter 18. A. across B. along C. about D. around 19. A. scattered B. scattering C. scatter D. scatters 20. A. can B. wants C. will D. would

IV. Reading Comprehension

Directions: Choose the best answer from the four choices marked A, B, C and D.

Passage One

A) Dogs are social animals and without proper training, they will behave like wild animals. They

spoil your house, destroy your belongings, bark excessively, fight other dogs and even bite you. Nearly all behavior problems are perfectly normal dog activities that occur at the wrong time or place or are directed at the wrong things. The key to preventing or treating behavior problem is learning to teach the dog to redirect its normal behavior problems, but it is the foundation for solving just about any problem. Training opens up a line of communication between you and your dog. Effective communication is necessary to instruct your dog about what you want it to do.

Training is also an easy way to establish the social rank order. When your dog obeys a simple request of “come here, sit”, it is showing obedience and respect for you. It is necessary to establish yourself as top dog or leader of the dog pack by using extreme measures. You can teach your dog its subordinate role by teaching it to show submission to you. Most dogs loves performing tricks for you pleasantly if they accept that you are in charge.

Training should be fun and rewarding for you and your dog. It can enrich your relationship and make living together more enjoyable. A well-trained dog is more confident and more safely allowed a greater amount of freedom than an untrained animals. 1. Behavior problems of dogs are believed to ____. A. worsen in modern society B. occur when they go wild C. be just part of their nature

D. present at threat to the community

2. The primary purpose of obedience training is to ____. A. teach the dog to perform clever tricks

B. enable the dog to regain its normal behavior

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C. make the dog aware of its owner?s authority D. provide the dog with outlets for its wild behavior

3. Effective communication between a dog and its owner is ___. A. an extreme measure in obedience training B. a good way to teach the dog new tricks C. the foundation for dogs to perform tasks

D. essential to solve the dog?s behavior problems

4. Why do pet dogs love performing tricks for their masters? A. To show their willingness to obey

B. To show their affection for their masters C. To avoid being punished

D. To win leadership of the dog pack

5. When a dog has received effective obedience training, its owner ___. A. will enjoy a better family life B. can give the dog more freedom C. can give the dog more rewards

D. will have more confidence in himself

Passage Two

The human brain contains 10 thousand million cells and each of them may have a thousand connections. Such enormous numbers used to discourage us and cause to dismiss the possibility of making a machine with human-like ability, but now that we have grown used to moving forward at such a pace we can be less sure, quite soon, in only 10 or 20 years perhaps, we will be able to assemble a machine as complex as the human brain, and if we can we will. It may then take us a long time to render it intelligent by loading in the right software or by altering the architecture but that too will happen.

I think it certain that in decades, not centuries, machines of silicon will arise first to rival and then exceed their human ancestors. Once they exceed us they will be capable of their own design. In a real sense they will be able to reproduce themselves. Silicon will have ended carbon?s long control. And we will no longer be able to claim ourselves to be the finest intelligence in the known universe.

As the intelligence of robots increases to match that of human and as their cost declines through economies of scale, we may use them to expand our frontiers, first on earth through their ability to withstand environments harmful to ourselves. Thus, deserts may bloom and the ocean beds be minded. Further ahead, by a combination of the great wealth this new age will bring and the technology it will provide, the construction of a vast, man-created world in space, home to thousands or millions of people, will be within our power. 6. In what way can we make a machine intelligent?

A. By making it work in such environments as deserts, oceans or space B. By working hard for 10 or 20 years

C. By either properly programming it or changing its structure D. By reproducing it.

7. What does the writer think about machines with human-like ability? A. He believes they will be useful to human beings.

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B. He believes that they will control us in the future.

C. He is not quite sure in what way they may influence us.

D. He doesn?t consider the construction of such machines possible. 8. The word “ carbon” stands for _____. A. intelligent robots B. a chemical element C. its organic substance D. human beings

9. A robot can be used to expand our frontiers when ____. A. its intelligence and cost are beyond question B. it is able to bear the rough environment C. it is made as complex as the human brain

D. its architecture is different from that of the present ones. 10. It can be inferred from the passage that ___.

A. after the installing of a great number of cells and connections, robots will be capable of

self-reproduction

B. with the rapid development of technology, people have come to realize the possibility of

making a machine with human-like ability

C. once we make a machine as complex as the human brain, it will possess intelligence D. robots will have control of the vast, man-made world in space

Passage Three

Recent research has claimed that an excess of positive ions in the air can have an ill-effect on people?s physical or psychological health. What are positive ions? Well, the air is full of ions, electrically charged particles, and generally there is a rough balance between the positive and the negative ions. But sometimes this balance becomes disturbed and a larger proportion of positive ions are found. This happens naturally before thunderstorms, earthquakes or when winds such as the Mistral, Foehn, Hamsin or Sharav are blowing in certain countries. Or it can be caused by a build-up of static electricity indoors from carpets or clothing made of man-made fibers, or from TV sets, duplicators or computer display screens.

When a large number of positive ions are present in the air many people experience unpleasant effects such as headaches, fatigue, irritability, and some particularly sensitive people suffer nausea or even mental disturbance. Animals are also found to be affected, particularly before earthquakes; snakes have been observed to come out of hibernation, rats to flee from their burrow (地洞), dogs to howl and cats to jump about unaccountably. This has led the US Geographical Survey to found a network of volunteers to watch animals in an effort to foresee such disasters before they hit vulnerable areas such as California.

Conversely, when large numbers of negative ions are present, then people have a feeling of well-being. Natural conditions that produce these large amounts are near the sea, close to waterfalls or fountains, or in any place where water is sprayed, or forms a spray. This probably accounts for the beneficial effect of a holiday by the sea, or in the mountains with tumbling streams or waterfalls.

To increase the supply of negative ions indoors, some scientists recommend the use of ionisers; small portable machines which generate negative ions. They claim that ionisers not only

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clean and refresh the air but also improve the health of people sensitive to excess positive ions. Of course, there are the detractors, other scientists, who dismiss such claims and are skeptical about negative positive ion research. Therefore, people can only make up their own minds by observing the effects on themselves, or on others, of a negative rich or poor environment. After all, it is debatable whether depending on seismic (地震的) readings to anticipate earthquakes is more effective than watching the cat.

11. What effect does excessive positive ionization have on some people? A. They think they are mad. B. They feel very tired.

C. They become violently sick.

D. They are too tired to do anything.

12. According to the passage, static electricity can be caused by _____. A. using home-made electrical goods

B. wearing clothes made of natural materials C. walking on artificial floor coverings D. copying TV programs on a computer

13. By observing the behavior of animals, scientists may be able to ____. A. prevent disaster

B. organize groups of people C. predict earthquakes

D. control areas of California

14. A high negative ion count is likely to be found _____. A. near a pond with a water pump B. close to a slow-flowing river C. high in some barren mountains D. by a rotating water sprinkler

15. People should be able to come to a decision about ion in the air if they _____. A. note their own reactions B. move to a healthier area C. observe domestic animals

D. watch how wealthy people behave

Passage Four

The first step in exercising for most people is determining whether or not they should. This is particularly true with anyone over thirty-five, especially if they have been heavy smokers. Likewise, young adults who have been very inactive should proceed slowly and with caution. A physical evaluation from a physician is recommended, preferably one that includes an exercise-stress test. While a person is exercising, a stress test detects cardiovascular (心血管的) problems that might not show up when the body is at rest. This is done by monitoring blood pressure, pulse rate, oxygen consumption, and the heart?s electrical activity while exercising.

Whatever exercise program is selected, it is important to start with warm-up periods. These should include stretching exercises, jumping jacks (原地跳跃运动), or brisk walking. The idea is to increase heart rate and circulation slowly without placing a sudden strain on the heart or the muscles that are starting to work.

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The next phase in developing an exercise program is to determine the amount of exercise that is enough to condition the muscles and cardiovascular system without overly straining to body. This involves taking one?s pulse and finding one?s target zone. This target zone, or safe-training pulse rate, is established by subtracting one?s age from 220 and then taking 60 percent to 80 percent of that total. If you are just starting to exercise 60 percent is recommended; 80 percent is recommended if you are already in good condition.

16. According to the passage, any one over thirty-five should ______. A. stop smoking right away

B. do morning exercises every day

C. take an exercise-stress test before exercising D. go and see a doctor after exercising

17. Which of the following is not included in a stress test? A. Monitoring blood pressure B. Observing one?s pulse rate

C. Watching one?s oxygen consumption D. Increasing one?s heart rate.

18. The author suggests that if you are healthy and at the age of 40, the safe-training pulse rate

should be _____. A. 220 B. 144 C. 108 D. 80

19. The word “phase” in the last paragraph has the same meaning as _____. A. condition B. appearance C. step

D. expression

20. The passage is mainly about ______.

A. what steps should be taken when exercising B. how to get started on an exercise program C. how to select an exercise program D. when to start exercising

V. Translation Part One

Directions: Put the following passage into English, using the words and phrases given below: maintain release

一天，苏姗带她两岁的女儿安妮到郊外的动物园玩。在动物园里，当安妮走到一个大猩猩的笼子前，安妮发现大猩猩神色黯然，于是走上前去抚摸她。不料，这只雌猩猩刚经受了丧子之痛，见到安妮，就把她搂在怀中。饲养员见状，断定这只大猩猩不对劲了，就立即打电话请一位动物研究人员凯特赶到动物园来。

凯特与这只大猩猩交往了五年。她一到动物园，就开始用手势语与大猩猩交谈，使她

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negotiate obvious undertake go wrong convince figure out

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