新视野大学英语3第三版答案

EXERCISESSection A

Pre-reading activities 1.

1 T 2 F 3 T 4 F 5 F 2

1 Jack’s problem is solved by a carpenter. He told Jack to cut the legs off the bed. And then Jack was certain that nobody was sleeping under it when he got into bed.

2 The answer is open-ended. For example, you might have the fear of darkness, the fear of heights, the fear of snakes or spiders, the fear of flying, etc. Some suggestions on how to overcome fears are listed below for reference. First, you analyzed your fear and had a clear picture of what your fear was. Then you took control of your fear. You decided to expose yourself to that fear in small doses until you gained a better understanding of it. As a result, your fear began to disappear. Finally, you successfully changed the way you thought about your fear. You started seeing fear as a source of energy and embraced its role in your life.

Scripts:

Jack went to a doctor. “Doctor,” he said, “I’ve got trouble. Every time I lie in bed, I think there’s somebody under it. I get under the bed; then I think there’s somebody on top of it. Top, under, top, under. You’ve got to help me! It almost drives me mad!”

“Just put yourself in my hands for two years,” said the doctor. “Come to me three times a week, and I’ll cure your fears.”

“How much do you charge?” “A hundred dollars a visit.” “I’ll think about it,” said Jack.

Six months later the doctor met Jack by chance.

“Why didn’t you ever come to see me again?” asked the doctor. “For a hundred bucks a visit? A carpenter cured me for 10 dollars.” “Is that so? How?”

“He told me to cut the legs off the bed!”

Reading comprehension Understanding the text 1

1 Because when he once hopped from the highest diving board at the pool, he hit the water with an incredible impact and blacked out.

2 No, they couldn’t. Because with the water’s tow, they’d never get to the drowning boy.

3 Because nobody except Jason saw that going out onto the jetty, which was close to the boy, was the fastest way to reach the drowning boy.

4 Because his fear of water suddenly struck him.

5 He felt like he was back in that pool, breathless, struggling, terrified.

6 The boy popped back up, eyes wide with terror, pawing and twisting against Jason.

7 No, it wasn’t. At first when Jason swam against the rip current, it was forcibly dragging them out to the sea. Then he decided to swim sideways to the pull of the current and slowly made their

way back to shore. Finally he made his way back to safety.

8 Because Jason had already conquered his inner fear of water and he also felt relieved and delighted when he saw the boy was hugged tightly by his mother.

Critical thinking 2

1 To overcome the inner fear of water, we need to:

? conquer ourselves with courage by helping others, step up and face our fear;

? practice controlled breathing and alternately tense and relax muscle groups to bring into physical awareness the differences between being tense and being relaxed;

? make the victim stop struggling. In this way he / she can be pulled to safety. 2 The fears may come from:

? our own past experience;

? ther people’s fears we witness;

? someone’s description about their fears;

? influence of specific cultural and historical context.

3 To get a guy to ask a girl out, try giving him some pointers and ideas on how to approach the situation with confidence:

? Tell the guy to ask a girl on a casual date and see where it goes from there. Explain to him that asking a girl out face-to-face can be most appropriate, as it will show her how serious he is. However, if he thinks that is too daring, then suggest sending her a text message or calling her on the phone.

? encourage the guy to be assertive and not beat around the bush. Confidence is admirable, and a girl is more likely to be attracted to a man with confidence. If he is asking the girl in person, he should speak as though he knew she would say yes. Tell him not to hesitate and to get straight to the point.

? suggest that the guy give the girl some choices as to where to go on a date. If he is unsure of what activities or restaurants she enjoys most, this is a great opportunity for him to learn more about her and show her that he cares about her.

4 Obsessive fear leads to anxiety, panic attacks and a variety of psychological problems. We all know what it’s like to feel overwhelmed by fear, but fear, as it turns out, is a fundamental part of our lives, and has some positive effects on our lives:

? Fear increases and enhances our sensory awareness of the environment, so that we can be prepared to protect ourselves from anything potentially threatening or harmful.

? Fear is an invitation to act. Fear is there to warn us that we need to get ready for the future. It isn’t there to stop us; it’s there to tell us that we are about to grow.

? Fear pushes us beyond our limits. Fear motivates us. It drives us to find new resources and options within ourselves. Fear compels us to make extra efforts to succeed and achieve what we desire.

? Fear is necessary in developing our courage. We can’t experience courage without the presence of fear. They go hand in hand. They need one another in order to exist – like darkness and light, or black and white.

Language focus

Words in use 3

1 intervene 2 underestimate 3 recede 4 deem 5 bleak 6 appraise 7 paralyzed 8 symptoms 9 dismay 10 brink Word building 4

Words learned New words formed -ance

dominate dominance avoid avoidance rely reliance acquaint acquaintance clear clearance annoy annoyance admit admittance resemble resemblance assure assurance -ed

bore bored privilege privileged distract distracted 5

1 bored 2 privileged 3 assurance 4 dominance 5 avoidance 6 acquaintance 7 reliance 8 clearance 9 distracted 10 annoyance 11 admittance 12 resemblance

Banked cloze 6

1 K 2 D 3 H 4 J 5 I 6 O 7 G 8 A 9 N 10 C

Expressions in use 7

1 pulled to a stop 2 black out 3 pop up 4 stopped short

5 plowed through 6 threw himself into 7 let yourself go 8 grabbed for

Structure analysis and writing Structured writing 8

A young and successful executive was traveling down a neighborhood street, going a bit too fast in his new Jaguar. He was watching for kids darting out from between parked cars and slowed down when he thought he saw something. As his car passed, no children appeared. Instead, a brick smashed into the car’s side door! He slammed on the brakes and drove the Jag back to the spot where the brick had been thrown. The angry executive then jumped out of the car, grabbed the nearest kid and pushed him up against a parked car, shouting, “What was that all about and who are you? Just what the heck are you doing? That’s a new car and that brick you threw is going to

cost a lot of money.

Why did you do it?”

The young boy was apologetic. “Please mister ... please, I’m sorry ... I didn’t know what else to do,” he pleaded. “I threw the brick because no one else would stop ...”

With tears dripping down his face and off his chin, the boy pointed to a spot just around a parked car. “It’s my brother,” he said. “He rolled off the curb and fell out of the wheelchair, and I can’t lift him up.”

Now sobbing, the boy asked the stunned executive, “Would you please help me get him back into his wheelchair? He’s hurt and he’s too heavy for me.”

Moved beyond words, the driver tried to swallow the rapidly swelling lump in his throat. He hurriedly lifted the handicapped boy back into the wheelchair, then took out his fancy handkerchief and gently cleaned the boy’s fresh scrapes and cuts. A quick look told him everything was going to be OK.

“Thank you and may God bless you,” the grateful child told the executive.

Too upset for words, the man simply watched the little boy push his wheelchair-bound brother down the sidewalk toward their home. It was a long, slow walk back to the Jaguar. The damage was very noticeable, but the driver never bothered to repair the side door. He kept the dent there to remind him of this message: “Don’t go through life so fast that someone has to throw a brick at you to get your attention!”

Translation 9

美国梦是美利坚合众国的民族精神。该词有各种各样的用法，但其根本含义是，在美国任何人都可以通过努力获得成功，都有可能过上幸福而成功的生活。许多人对美国梦的概念加以拓展和提炼，涵盖了像自由，自我实现和深厚的人际关系等方面的内容。美国梦的思想比美 国本身更为久远，可以追溯到17世纪，当时的欧洲移民面对这一新发现的、未经开发的广袤大陆，开始纷纷怀揣希望，追逐梦想。随着历史的发展，美国梦的含义也已改变，既包含了个人元素，也包含了全局视野。但并不是每个人都对美国梦持肯定态度。一些人认为美国 的社会结构决定了不是每个人都能拥有这样的理想目标。批评者常常举以实例，揭露植根于阶级、种族、宗教和民族的不平等现象，指出美国梦并非每个人都可企及。 10

Realizing the great national rejuvenation, which we define as the Chinese Dream, has been the greatest Chinese expectation since modern times. It basically means achieving prosperity for the country, renewal of the nation and happiness for the people, thus ensuring that every enterprising Chinese carries, generation after generation, the firm conviction that a better life is accomplished through persistent effort. People should achieve their prosperity through diligence, courage, creativity and determination instead of aid from society or other people. Each individual is a participant and a designer in the cause of realizing the Chinese Dream, for it is a dream not only for the entire nation but also for every Chinese.

Section B

Reading skills 1

1 “Knowing grins” implies that they regarded bumping as a common occurrence in flight. 2 Based on our prior knowledge about what happens, if there is something wrong with the nose-wheel steering and the whole landing gear system, we can infer that the passengers and the crew were all in danger, and it was highly possible that the plane would crash.

3 This sentence shows that the mother’s gaze at the child displayed a deep care and concern,

which calmed down the child in order to keep her from being influenced by the outside dangers, implying that the mother’s love was so great that it could help the little child conquer all the outside fears.

4 This paragraph tells a simple truth that their survival from the possible air crash was a miracle, and a lot of luck.

Reading comprehension Understanding the text 2

1 A 2 D 3 C 4 B 5 D 6 C 7 D 8 A

Critical thinking 3

1 ? Love generates strength and confidence which help to overcome our inner fear.

? Love is able to bring into full play the most courageous acts in the world, and love can conquer our inner fear.

? Becoming a more loving person toward others will help you to transcend your fear. Becoming more loving toward yourself will help you to heal your fear.

2 Apart from love, I believe, there are many other factors that can help us cope with challenges in life. Some of them are listed as follows:

? Confidence may strengthen our determination to handle any difficulties we are confronted with.

? A sense of purpose in our life is critical when we feel lost under the great pressure of troubles.

? A strong social network is also useful. Maybe our problems could be easily solved by the joint efforts from our social network composed of relatives, friends, colleagues, etc.

? Optimism can always make us filled with hope, helping us muster courage when we are tortured by frustrations.

? Necessary problem-solving skills and strategies are most crucial to our performance when we are facing challenges.

3 Tips to keep fear away during exams:

? Prepare well in advance and do not mug up (突击学习). ? Make time to relax.

? Revise properly. In order to prevent anxiety, the last few weeks before the examination should be spent revising each subject.

? Be flexible during the exam. During the exam, if you get tensed or blank after seeing

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