2015年11月7日雅思阅读预测—外朗教育

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2015年11月7日雅思阅读预测—外朗教育

British Architecture 英国建筑2

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28 wood

And although the Anglo-Saxons had a sophisticated building style of their own, little sruvives to bear withness to their achievements as the vast majority of Anglo-Saxon buildings were made of wood.

29 status and wealth

In a sense, the buildings of the 16th centrury were also governed by fitness for purpose-only now, the purpose was very different. In domestic architecture, in particular, buildings were used to display status and wealth.

注意空格前成分represents与文中B段最后一句中display替换，所以答案是status and wealth。

30 expensive commodity

The rooms themselves tended to be bigger and lighter-as an expensive commodity, the use of great expanses of glass was in itself a statement of wealth. 答案说的是glass是一种贵的东西，不是房间。

31 classical

With the exception of Inigo Jones(1573-1652), whose confident handling of classical detail and proportion set him apart from all other architects of the period, most early 17th century buildings tended to take the innocent exuberance of late Tudor work one step further.

31题，认真断下原文的句子，你会发现detail and proportion是一起的。

32 furniture and textiles

..., reformers like John Ruskin and William Morris..., pre-industrial manufacturing techiques. Morris's influence grew from the production of furniture and textiles, until by the 1880s a generation of principled young architects was following his call for good, honest construction.

32，此题要填名词，hand-crafted不符词性。

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33 Edwin Lutyens

Whilst Gropius was working on cold, hard expanses of glass, and Le Corbusier was experimenting with the use of reinforced concrete frames, we had staid establishment architects like Edwin Lutyens producing Neo-Georgian and Renaissance country houses for an outmoded landed class.

33题，F段第四行。，并不是＂更多的房间＂，题目中的conservative与文中staid替换

34 local authorities

Local authorities, charged with the task of rebuilding city centers, became important patrons of architecture. This represented a shift away from the private individuals who had dominated the architectural scene for centuries.

34题，题目问的是architect commission转变成了什么？G段末句this指代关系，所以指的是前面的local authorities。

35 B

And it is all the more remarkable because the underlying ethos of medieval architecture was 'fitness for purpose'.

35题，C段第二句。useful=fitness for purpose

36 A

A greater sense of security led to more outward-looking buildings, as opposed to the medieval arrangement where the need for defense created houses that faced inward onto a courtyard or series of courtyards. security=safety

题目定位outward-looking在第五段第二句。

37 D restoration=come back

..., with Charles's restoration in 1660, there was a flurry of building activity as royalists reclaimed their property and built themselves houses reflecting the latest European trends. D段倒数3句 37题D，君主从continent回归;37题C选项与题目不构成因果关系，张冠李戴。

37题C选项与题目不构成因果关系，张冠李戴。

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38 A tough=authority

The British Baroque was a reassertion of authority, and expression of absolutist ideology by men who remembered a world turned upside down during the Civil War. The style is heavy and rich, sometimes overblown and melodramatic, the politics which underpin it are questionable, but its products are breathtaking.

38题，D段倒数四行，authority, absolutist ideology 选项 tough （强硬的、严厉的）

39 C

Mass production resulted in buildings and furnishings that were too perfect, as the individual craftsman no longer had a major role in their creation.

39题，E段第三句。题目意思~题目问的是＂individual craftsman不再是creation的关键，是因为什么的出现＂，定位于E段：）E段定位句中的mass production体现了此段首句中的industrial process

40 C

..., there was a desperate need for cheap housing which could be produced quickly. desperate need=shortage

在G段第四行 there was a desperate need for cheap housing ......

意大利建筑学家

1.根据顺序原则和关键词“building”和“exhibition”定位原文第2段首句，“The exhibition has the special advantage of being held in one of Palladio?s buildings, Palazzo Barbaran da Porto.”这句指明该展会在这栋建筑举行，而之后的内容则是对这栋建筑的装潢、结构进行描述，并没有关于它是否翻新的内容。因此答案是Not Given。

2.根据顺序原则和建筑名“Palazzo Barbaran da Porto”定位原文第2段首句。上题指出，首句是指明该展会在这栋建筑举行，之后的句子是对这栋建筑的描述，“Its

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bold fa?ade is a mixture of rustication...... a Palladian trademark.”原文中的“a Palladian trademark(帕拉迪奥的标志)”与题干的“typically represent the Palladio?s design(帕拉迪奥设计的典型代表)”属同义替换。因此答案是True。

3 根据顺序原则和关键词“Palladio?s father”定位原文第3段首句，“Palladio's father was a miller who settled in Vicenza, where the young Andrea was apprenticed to a skilled stonemason. ” 可知，帕拉迪奥的父亲是位碾磨工(miller)，而不是建筑师(architect)。因此答案是False。

4 根据顺序原则及关键词“pay for”和“studies”定位原文第3段末句，“He was plainly intelligent, and lucky enough to come across a rich patron, Gian Giorgio Trissino, a landowner and scholar, who organised his education, taking him to Rome in the 1540s......” 这部分内容叙述了帕拉迪奥幸运的遇见一位富有的资助者(patron)，为他安排了学校，并带他前往罗马。但并未提到帕拉迪奥的家庭是否愿意支付他的建筑学习费用。因此答案是Not Given。

5 根据顺序原则和建筑名“Ducal Palace”定位原文第5段，“He tried his hand at bridges—his unbuilt version of the Rialto Bridge was decorated with the large pediment and columns of a temple—and, after a fire at the Ducal Palace, he offered an alternative design which bears an uncanny resemblance to the Banqueting House in Whitehall in London. Since it was designed by Inigo Jones, Palladio's first foreign disciple, this is not as surprising as it sounds。”可知“English building”是他的徒弟设计建造的。因此题目内容与原文不符，因此答案是FALSE。

6 根据顺序原则和关键词“wealthy”和“poor”定位原文第7段首句，“Palladio's work for rich landowners alienates unreconstructed critics on the Italian left, but among the papers in the show are designs for cheap housing in Venice.” 原文中“rich”被“wealthy”替换，“cheap”被“poor”替换。句中表明“帕拉迪奥为富裕的地主

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设计的作品使得意大利左叶的封建思想评论家与其疏远了。但展会上的作品都是他为威尼斯的廉价房设计的。”说明帕拉迪奥同时为富裕的人和贫穷的人设计房屋。因此答案是True。

7.根据顺序原则和关键词“paintings”定位原文第8段首句，“Vicenza's show contains detailed models of the major buildings and is leavened by portraits of Palladio's teachers and clients by Titian, Veronese and Tintoretto; the paintings of his Venetian buildings are all by Canaletto, no less. ”句中的“portraits”意为“肖像画”，题干中的“paintings of people”是该词的同义替换。因此答案是True。

8.根据顺序原则和关键词“job”、“before he becam an architect”定位原文第3段首句，“Palladio's father was a miller who settled in Vicenza, where the young Andrea was apprenticed to a skilled stonemason.”年轻的安德里亚在一位技艺精湛的石匠那儿当学徒。因此答案是Stonemason。

9.根据顺序原则和关键词“arranged”和“architectural studies”定位原文第3段末句“He was plainly intelligent, and lucky enough to come across a rich patron, Gian Giorgio Trissino, a landowner and scholar, who organised his education, taking him to Rome in the 1540s......”题干中“arranged”替换了原文中的“organised”，“studies”替换了“education”，因此答案是Gian Giorgio Trissino。

10.根据顺序原则和关键词“first”和“non-Italian”定位原文第5段末句，“Since it was designed by Inigo Jones, Palladio's first foreign disciple, this is not as surprising as it sounds. ”题干的“non-Italian”替换了文中的“foreign”，因此答案是Inigo Jones。

11.根据顺序原则和关键词“Ancient Roman buildings”定位原文第6段最后两句，“What they show is how Palladio drew on the buildings of ancient Rome as models. The major theme of both his rural and urban building was temple architecture, with a

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