07秋期英语国家概况(2)复习应考指南

1. The following were the founding fathers of the American Republic except __C________

C. William Penn

2. Which of the following statements was correct around the

time of the American Revolution? ___A_____.

A. The American had the mixed blood of Europeans or

their descendants.

3. Which of the following statements was NOT correct?

When the War of Independence was over, __D______.

D. the relationships between the states and the national

government were clearly defined.

4. Which of the following was NOT guaranteed in the Bill of

Rights? ____B_____.

B. The freedom of searching a person's home by police. 5. The \

___C______.

C. firearms industry

6. The United States was rated No. I in terms of production

capacity in the world ___C____.

C. 1945

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7. Which of the following is unconstitutional in the United

States? ___C______

C. Public money is provided to support religious schools. 8. Which of the following statements is NOT correct according to the author? ___B______

B. Protestant Church is an established church by law in the

U. S.

9. Which of the following is considered an American master piece? ___D______ D. Moby Dick

10. Three of the following are Nobel Prize winners. Which one

is not? __D_______

D. F. Scott Fitzgerald

11. Blues was derived from a blend of field chantey and

spiritual which is _____D____.

D. a form of hymn singing prevalent in

African--American Christian churches

12. Which of the following is not a team game? __B_______ B. Bowling.

13. Which invention marked the beginning of \

Visual Information\ ____D_____

D. Television.

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14. In January 1965, President Johnson declared “__B______”

to eliminate poverty \everyone the

B. war against poverty

15. Which of the following provinces was the last one to join

Canada in 1949? __B_______

B. Newfoundland.

16. Where is Lake Louise Located? ___D______ D. In the Rockies.

17. Which of the following provinces is the home of most

French--speaking people in Canada? ___D______

D. Quebec.

18. Who is the most influential person in the Canadian

government? __C_______

C. The Prime Minister.

19. At present, which of the following areas has the largest

farms in Canada? ___D______

D. The prairie provinces.

20. Around the beginning of 20'th century, Chinese laborers

came to Canada to __B_______

B. build the railroad

21.originated mainly from __D__.

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D. John Locke

22. Which of the following is NOT a power of the president of

the United States? ____C_____

C. The president can make laws.

23. The following are distinctively American features of

religion except _C______.

D. there has been very much concentration on doctrine or

religious argument in the U. S

24. Which of the following is NOT regarded as one of the three

basic religious beliefs? ___C______

C. Islamic.

25. Three of the following authors are Nobel Prize winners.

Which one is not? ____D_____

D. F. Scott Fitagerald.

26. To get a bachelor's degree, an undergraduate student is

required to do the following except____C______.

C. taking certain subjects such as history, language and

philosophy

27 The one group within the counter culture best known for

their pursuit of happiness as

their only goal in life was called _______A_____. A. the \

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28. Drug abuse in the United States is a social problem

because it has wide range of social costs. Which of the following is NOT a dysfunction caused by drug abuse? _____D_______

D. There are great economic losses because of drug abuse. 29. The State of California is on ____C________. C. the Pacific Coast

30. Due to his firm belief in nonviolent peaceful protest in the

spirit of India's leader Gandhi, __D____ was awarded the Nobel Peace Price in 1964.

D. Martin Luther King, Jr.

31. Three of the following changes among many blacks took

place after the 1960s. Which of them is NOT true? ____A______

A. Blacks felt more and more confident that they would

be fully integrated into the

32. The main mountain range in the west of U.S. stretching

from the Canadian border to New Mexico is __D_______.

D. the Blue Ridge Mountains

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33. One of the oldest towns (landed in 1513) in the U. S is

___D_____.

D. Both A and C.

34. Which of the following is NOT a power of the president?

__C______

c. The president can make laws.

35. Which of the following is unconstitutional in the United States? ___C_____

c. Public money is provided to support religious schools. 36. Three of the following authors are Nobel Prize winners for

Literature. Which one is not. ___D_____

d. F. Scott Fitzgerald

37. Which of the following statements is NOT true?

___C_____

c. The Northern states did not have racial discrimination. 38. Which of the following states refused to participate in the

Constitutional Convention? ___B_____

b. Rhode Island

39. The United States was rated ___C_____ in the world in

terms of land area and the size of population.

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ary sch c. fourth

40. The main mountain range in the west of US stretching from

the Canadian border to New Mexico is _B:. the Rocky Mountains

41.In the United States school system, which of the following

division is true? ___C_____

ool, secondary school

42.The expenditure in American public schools is

guided by ____D_______.

d. boards of education

43.Three of the following universities have large endowments

from wealthy benefactors. Which is the exception? ___A______

a. The State University of New York

44.Due to his firm belief in nonviolent peaceful protest in

the spirit of India?s leader Gandhi, __D______ was awarded the Nobel Peace in 1964.

d. Martin Luther King, Jr.

45.Three of the following changes among many blacks took

place after the 1960s. Which of them is NOT true? ____A________

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a. Blacks felt more and more confident that they would be

fully integrated into the mainstream of American life.

46.Which of the following statements is NOT true?

____C________

c. The Northern states did not have racial discrimination. 47.The one group within the counter culture best known for

their pursuit of happiness as their only goal in life was called ____C________.

c. the “Hippies”

48. One of the oldest towns (landed in 1513) in the US is

___D_____.

d. St. Augustine

49._____A______ has vestiges of old Southern plantation. a. New Orleans

50.O.J. Simpson used to be a well-known athlete who plays

____A_____.

a. football

51.In the 1920s, a new and distinctive style of piano playing

called “stride” piano emerged in _____A________.

a. Hamlet in New York.

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52 Which of the following was NOT one of the three forces

that led to the modern development of Europe？__C____.

C．The spiritual leadership of Roman Catholic Church 53．The following were the main Reformation leaders

except___B___.

B．Martin Luther King

54．Which of the following is the only branch that can make

federal laws, and levy federal taxes？___A___.

A．The legislative

55．The New Deal was started by___B___. B．Franklin Roosevelt

56．The “American system” of mass production was first used

in __B____.

B．firearms industry

57．Service industry doesn?t include ___C___, C．steel-making

58．Which of the following is NOT regarded as one of the three

basic religious beliefs？___D___

D．Islamic

59．Which of the following is TRUE？___C___

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C．Liberal protestants and Jews join non-believers in

maintaining that abortion is a basic right for women.

60．Which of the following was written by Thoreau？_B_____ B．Walden

61．Whitman?s poetry has the following characteristics except__D____

D．fragmented haunting images

62．The reason why many young people were involved in the

social movements of the 1960s was that__A____.

A．they resented traditional white male values in U. S. society 63．The one group within the counter culture best known for

their pursuit of happiness as their only goal in life was called__C____.

C．the ?Hippies?

64．Which of the following used human beings as guinea pigs

to test drugs including LSD？____D__.

D．The CIA

65．Three of the following factors contribute to the higher

arrest among minority groups. __A____

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A．Poverty and unemployment among minority groups. 66．When was voice and music first transmitted over radio？

__C____

C．On Christmas Eve 1905

67．__C____ made the first liquid propellant rocket. C．Robert H. God dart

68．__C____ has vestiges of old Southern plantations. C．San Francisco

69．The Granite State in the U. S. is ___D___. C．New York State

70. Which of the following is NOT written into the

Constitution in 1787 except _____D________.

D. the power of the president

71. Which of the following was NOT a Protestant

denomination? __B____

B. The Catholics.

72. Mark Twin?s works are characterized by the following

except ___B___.

B. egotism

73. A historical moment of the civil rights movements was

the March on Washington of August 28,1963 when ____C_________

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delivered his “ I Have a Dream” speech.

C. Martin Luther King, Jr.

74. Which of the following does NOT belong to the

White—collar crime? __D_______

D. robbery

75. Drug abuse in the United States is a social problem

because it has a wide range of social costs. Which of the following is NOT a dysfunction caused by drug abuse? ____C______

C. Drug abuse is a major cause of unemployment. 76 ____B______ led to the end of the Pony Express System. B. Telegraph

77. ____C_______ made the first desktop PC. C. Two young amateur inventors

78 The complex drumming in the rhythm section of early

jazz music was brought over to America by _______B________.

B. Black slaves from West Africa.

79．Which of the following American values did NOT come

from Puritanism? ____A___________.

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A. Separation of state and church

80. Who first came and settled Canada?

_____B______

B. French colonists

81. Which of the following provinces are densely populated

in Canada? ____B_______

B. Ontario and Quebec

82. What is the other official language besides English in

Canada? ____C_______

C. French

83. One of the historical reasons that leads Canada to

empathizing with the problems the Third world countries face on their way to independence is : __A_________

A. its colonial past

84. In which period have Canada?s most famous and

successful writers appeared? ___A________

A. post—war period II. Fill in the blanks. Exercise 1:

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The first Secretary of Treasury of the United States

was Alexander Hamilton .

The majority of Catholics in the U. S. are descendents

of immigrants from __22__, Italy and ___23__.

The Civil Rights movement, together with the yourh

anti-war and the women’s movement during the 1960s had been deeply rooted in U. S. history.

Some of the programs to equalize educational

opportunities for all groups ware called 26__ in the U. S.

Washington Irving and James Fennimore Cooper

are the two major writers of the post-Revolutionary period in the U. S.

By 1955, more than two million veterans of World War

Ⅱand of the Korean War had used their

Bill of Rights to go to college, as they believed that

a college degree would

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improve their chances for a good job in the postwar economy.

The two major political parties in the U.S. are the

Democratic Party , which is thought to be more liberal, and the Republication Party , which is believed to be more conservative.

The largest of the racial and ethnic minorities in the

United States is black who make up about 12 percent of the population.

Exercise2

The New World of America was peopled as a result of two

long-continuing immigration movement, the first one from Asia and the second one from Europe and Africa The best-known stock exchange is New York Stock Exchange

located in Wall street area of New York City.

The first Catholic president in the U.S. was J.F.Kennedy 15

John Steinbeck's The Grapes of Wrath was a portrait of a poor

family during the period of the Depression

T.S. Eliot's long poem The Waste Land revealed a

pessimistic view of post--World War I society. He dominated the so--called Modern movement in poetry.

The goal of education in the United States is to achieve

universal literacy and provide individuals with the knowledge and skills necessary to promote the welfare for individuals and the general public.

The central part of a computer where the transistors are

incorporated together with no wiring is called chip

Exercise 3:

Canada's political system was greatly influenced by the two

major foreign forces: Britainand America.

America?s movies are mostly made in Hollywood_, near the

city of _Nos Angles_ in South California.

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Martin Luther was the first to start the Religious

Reformation and the next important leader of the Reformation was John Calvin

The Congress is divided into the House of

Representativeswith 435 members who serve two-year terms, and the Senate with 100 lawmakers who serve six--year terms.

Public and private colleges depend on three sources of income

in the U. S. student tuition , endowments and _government funding____

In the summer of 1963, hundreds of thousands of peaceful

demonstrators, marched to Washington D. C. , where _Martin Luther King , Jr.__gave the famous (32)\ I Have a Dream\

Exercise 4

Two most important principles of the Holy Experiment were

the spirit of liberty and equalityand separation of state and church.

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The city where the Declaration of Independence was signed

and where the U.S Constitution was made is Philadelphia.

Tony Morrison won the Noblel Prize for Literature in

1993, the first Afro-American writer to receive this honor.

Every State in America has its own laws about education

and all states require young people to go to school. Thus, every child in America is guaranteed up to 13 years of education.

In 1964, President Johnson signed the Civil Rights Law

passed by Congress to improve the racial relations .

American society is a stratified one in which power, wealth and

prestige are unequally distributed among the population.

The two most well-known computer companies are IBM and Apple ; now the largest software company is Microsoft whose director is Bill Gates.

III. Answer each of the questions in one full sentence. 1．What are the major works of Henry James? Just list two.

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The American. Portrait of a Lady.

2. Who was the main author of Declaration of Independence? Thomas Jefferson.

3. What is the main duty of the U.S. Congress?

The main duty of the U.S. Congress is to make laws, including

those which levy taxes that pay for the work of the federal governments.

4. How many states were when the United Statement of

America was founded?

13 states.

5. What are the three branches of the U.S. government? They are legislative branch, executive branch and Judicial

branch.

6. What is the symbol of the Democratic party? The symbol of the Democratic party is the donkey.

7. What was Henry James mainly interested in writing about? He was interested in writing about the divergence between

Amercian and Eurpean cluture.

8. What does WASP stand for?

It stands for “White Anglo-Saxon Protestant”. 9. What is Ku Klux Klan?

It is a secret team founded after the civil movement.

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10. What are the two major political parties in the United

States?

The Democratic Party and the Republication Party. 11. What is the best--known stock exchange in the Unites

States?

New York stock exchange.

12. Which novel written by F. Scott Fitzgerald describes

youth's golden dream turning into disappointment?

The Great Gatsby.

13. What does \

It stands for “Federal Bureau of Investigation”.

14. What was the famous speech delivered by Martin Luther

King, Jr. in August, 28, 1963?

“I have a dream”

15. Which church do the majority of Americans belong to? The Protestant Church.

16. Who was the author of Leaves of Grass? Walt Whitman.

17. What does \

education\

It stands for “Kingdergarten”.

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18 In which part of the United States did the segregation laws

work before they were abolished?

Southern states of the U.S.

19. Which invention marked the beginning of \

Visual Information\

Televison.

20. Where did the first English settlers land in North America? They landed in Virginia.

21. Where was the first Continental Congress held? It was held in Philadelphia.

22. What is the symbol of the Republican Party? The symbol of the Republican Party is the elephant. 23. What are the three sources of income that public and

private colleges depend on in American?

Student tuition, endowments and government funding. 24. Name at least two kinds of popular sports in the United

States.

Football, Baseball

25. What are the two most well--known computer companies in

the United States?

IBM company and Apple company.

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26. What are the two parties holding federal political power

through most of the 20'h century in Canada?

The Liberal Party and the Progressive Party.

27. Where do the Canada's most influential ministers in recent

years come from?

They come from Quebec.

IV .Explain each of the following in no more than five

sentences..

1. American Indians

American Indians, who were mistakenly called by Columbus,

moved to the Americas from Asia about 25,000 years ago. They developed their own aboriginal cultures and some of them such as the Aztecs, the Incas and the Mayas were very advanced when Europeans arrived in the New World. But, as a result of European conquest, the Indian population was quickly reduced and their cultures were ruthlessly destroyed.

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2. a federal system

A federal system is one in which power is shared between a

central authority and its constituent parts, with some rights reserved to each..

3. migrant workers

Many big farms hire temporary workers only for a specific

chore, such as picking crops. Many of these seasonal workers travel from farm to farm, staying only until the crops are picked. They are known as migrant workers.

4. the executive

The chief executive is the president, who is elected to a

four-year term. A president can be elected to only two terms according to an amendment passed in 1951. The president can propose legislation to Congress. He can veto any bill passed by Congress. The veto can be overridden by a two--thirds both in both houses. The president can appoint federal judges as vacancies occur. He

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is the commander in chief of the armed forces. The president has other broad authorities in running the government departments and handling foreign relations.

5. Three Faiths in the U. S.

By the 1950s, the three faiths model of American religion had

developed. Americans were considered to come in three basic varieties: Protestant, Catholic and Jewish, the order reflecting the strength in numbers of each group.

6. the \

In the aftermath of World War I, many novelists produce a

literature of disillusionment. Some lived abroad. They were known as the \representative writers of the \Generation\Fitzgerald.

7. Puritanism

Puritans were those who followed the doctrine of John Calvin

and wanted to purify the Church of

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England. They believed that human beings were predestined by God before they were born. Some were God?s chosen people while others were damned to hell. No church nor good works could save people. The sign of being god?s elect were the success in his work or the prosperity in his calling. They also argued that everyone must read the Bible in order to find god?s will and establish a direct contact with God.

8. the Bill of Rights

The Bill of Rights consists of the first 10 amendments which

were added to the Constitution in 1791. the Bill of Rights was passed to guarantee freedom and individual rights such as freedom of speech, the right to assemble in public places, the right to own weapon and so on.

9. Industrial revolution in America

After independence, America was principally an agricultural

country. The Industrial Revolution in

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England brought many changes to American industry between 1776 and 1860. one key development was the introduction of the factory system a second development was the “American system” of mass production. A third development was the emergency of new technologies to industrial tasks. A fourth development was the emergency of new forms of business organization—the bank and the corporation.

10．American characteristics of religion

The Bill of Rights of the U. S. Constitution provides that there

in no state religion and that church and state must be separated. American religious beliefs continue to be strong with social progress. In the United States, every church is a completely independent organization and concerned with its own finance and its own building. There has been little

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concentration on doctrine or religious argument such as in European history.

11. The Scarlet Letter

A novel written by Nathaniel Hawthorne. Set in the Puritan

past, this masterpiece is the stark drama of a woman harshly cast out from her community for committing the sin of adultery. In this novel Hawthorne explored certain moral themes such as guilt, pride and emotional repression.

12.Boards of education

Boards of education refers to groups of people who make

policies for schools at the state and/or district level. They also make decisions about the school curriculum, teacher standards and certification, and the overall measurement of student progress.

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