2010中考英语复习课本知识整理八年级上 第七单元

2010中考英语复习课本知识整理八年级上

Unit 7 How do you make a banana milk shake?

【知识梳理】 I. 重点短语

1.take off 脱下 2.put on 穿上 3.cut up 切碎 4.turn on 打开 5.turn off 关掉 6.mix up混合在一起 7.put?away 把?收起来 8.take away拿走 9.Let me think让我想想 1o.a slice of bread 一片面包

11.two teaspoons of honey 两汤匙蜂蜜 12.two cups of yogurt 两杯酸奶 13.a kilo of tomatoes 一公斤西红柿 14.two bowls of water两碗水 15.two baskets of apples两篮苹果 16.a bag of tea一袋茶叶 17.add?to?把?加到?上 18.pour?into? 倒?到?里 19.put?in(into)?放?在(到)?里 2o.on the top 在顶部 21.first 首先 22.next 接着 23.then 然后 25.finally=at last 最后 26.an onion 一个洋葱

27.in the bowl 在碗里

28.sandwich---sandwiches <复> 29. Let’s do sth. 让我们做?

II. 重要句型

1.how many与how much

（1）.how many表示“多少”，对数量提问，后面接可数名词的复数形式。如：

There are four people in my family.

---How many people are in your family? 你家里有几个人？ We have seven classes every day.

---How many classes do you have every day? 你们每天上几节课？

（2）.how much也是表示“多少”，但它对不可数名词进行提问。如： There is some milk in the bottle.

---How much milk is there in the bottle? 瓶子里有多少牛奶？ （3）.how much还可以对价格提问，表示“多少钱”的意思。如： The yellow T-shirt is only 35 yuan.

---How much is the yellow T-shirt? 那件黄色的T恤衫多少钱？

III. 交际用语

1. —How do you make a banana milk shake? —Peel the bananas…

2. —How many bananas do we need? —Three.

3. —How much yogurt do we need? —We need one cup of yogurt. 祈使句

IV. 重要语法

【课文解析】

1.Turn on the blender.打开果汁机。

turn on打开(电器等)，其反义词是turn off关上(电器等)。 turn on the light打开电灯 turn off the radio关上收音机 【辨析】turn on与open

(1)rum on表示“打开(电灯、自来水开关、煤气、无线电等)”。 Please turn on the radio．请打开收音机。

(2)open表示“敞开，展开；使……露在外面”。

Open the window please．It's too hot in the room．请打开窗户，房间里太热了。

turn on的反义词组为rum off(关上)，其中on和off均为副词，如果宾语是代词，必须放在

词组中间且用宾格形式。类似的词组还有：turn up调高，开大；turn down调低，关小。 He turned on the light after he came in．他进来后开了灯。

Don't forget to turn off the light when you leave．你离开时别忘了关灯。 2．cut up 切碎

cut up为动词短语，意为“切碎”，此时它的宾语为某物，相当于cut．．．into small pieces，即“把某物切成小块”。

We should cut up the tomatoes．我们应该把西红柿切碎。 cut up宾语为某人时，意为“(严重地)割伤，打伤”。

How many bananas do we need？我们需要多少香蕉？

How many引导特殊疑问句表示“多少”，后边跟可数名词的复数形式。 How many pears do you want：?你想要多少梨?

How many people are there，in your family?你家有几口人? 7．How much yogurt do we need？我们需要多少酸奶？

How much表示“多”，引导特殊疑问句，后边跟不可数名词。How much还有“多少钱”的意思，用来询问物品的价格。

How much water is there in the bottle?瓶子里有多少水?

How much ls the jacket?这件夹克衫多少钱?

need既可作实义动词，也可作情态动词。

(1)need!作实义动词时，可用于各种句型之中。 How many bananas do you need?你需要几个香蕉?

You don't need tn do it at once．你不必马上做那件事。 一Does she need to come?需要她来吗?

一Yes，she does．／一No，she doesn't．是的。／不，她不必来。

(2)need怍情态动词时，只用于否定句、疑问句和条件句，后面必须接动词原形。 You needn't go this week．本周你不必去。 一Need he go at once?他马上就得走吗?

一Yes，he must．／一No，he needn't．是的，他必须马上走。／不，他不必马上走。 注意：用must引导的问句，肯定回答常用must，否定回答常用needn't。 一Must I go now?我现在必须走吗?

一Yes，you must．／一No，you needn't．是的，你必须走。／不，你不必走。 Let’s make fruit salad.我们做水果沙拉吧。 Let's=Let us让我们，咱们

let后的动词不定式不带to，即let sb．do sth．让某人干某事。 Let Li Lei do it．让李雷做这件事吧。

Let us go and help the old man．让我们去帮助那位老人吧。

注意：Let us以缩写为Let's，但Let's和Let us所构成的祈使句意义并不完全相同。Let's．．．“让我们……”，包括说话方和对方在内；其反义疑问句形式用shall We。

Let's go fishing，shall we?咱们去钓鱼吧，好吗?(包含说话方和对方在内)

Let us．．“让我们……”，不包括对方在内，具有请求允许的意味，其反意疑问句形式是will you？

Let us go，will you?让我们去，好吗?(us只指说话方，不包含对方) 9good idea好主意

这是用于应答提出的建议时常用的句子。good idea前不用冠词。 一Let's go fishing．让我们去钓鱼吧。 一Good idea．好主意。

That's a good idea．那是个好主意。

Finally adv最后

finally为副词，意为“最后，最终”，可位于句首、句中或句尾，位于句中时，要放在be等助动词之后，行为动词之前。

I fina11y worked out the problem．我最后做出了那道题。

[辨析：finally，at last与in the end

(1)finally最后，只指一系列事物或论点的顺序，一般不带感情色彩： He tried many times．and finally succeeded．他尝试了多次，最后成功了。

(2)at last有时可与finally互换，但往往用于一番拖延或曲折之后，因而带有较浓厚的感情色彩，表示不耐烦、放心、如愿等。

He has finished speaking at last他终于说完了!

At last I have obtained my wish．我的愿望终于实现了。 (3)in the end终于，可用于预测将来；finally，at last则不能。 He will be a scientist in the end．最终他会成为一名科学家。 First adv 首先

first用作副词，意为“首先”；用作序数词表示“第一”；用作形容词表示“第一流的，首要的”；用作名词表“开端”、“冠军”。

January is the first month of the year．一月是一年里的第一个月。 【辨析】first与at first

(1)first一般表示按顺序开始，可说first of all首先／for the first time初次。 First，I’ll tell you good news．首先，我要告诉你们好消息。

(2)at first为“起先，开头”之意，暗示与后来的事情动作不同，与at the beginning同义。 At first，we were not good friends．起初我们不是好朋友。 first常构成的词组： first of all首先，第一

first or last迟早，早晚

from first to last自始至终，一贯

then put in two teaspoons of honey and a cup of yogurt。然后放入凉茶勺蜂蜜和一茶杯酸奶。 two teaspoons of\两茶匙…一·”和a cup of\一茶杯……”，分别用来表示不可数名词honey\蜂蜜”和yogurt\酸奶”的量。表容器的名词是可数名词，由其前面的数词决定其单复数形式。 These three pieces of paper are hers．这三张纸是她的。

注意：不可数名词没有复数形式，不能与a／an连用，不能用数词修饰，但不可数名词前可加some，a little，any，no等词，也可与“量词+of\这种形式搭配，表示数量的多少。不可数名词没有复数形式，但它前边的量词可以有复数。 常见的用于表示不可数名词的量的短语还有： a glass of一杯……a bag of一袋…… a box of一箱…… a bottle of一瓶……

a bowl of一碗……a cup of一杯……

mix it all up把所有的东西一起进行搅拌。 mix up为动词短语，意为“混合在一起，弄错，弄乱”。up为副词，故也适用“代词放中间(动、副词之间)，名词放两边(副词两边)”的口诀。

Someone has mixed up all the ingredients．有人已经把所有的配料都混在一起了。

(1)表示“把……和……混在一起／混／掺和，融合”，常用mix A with B或mix A and B(together)的形式。

Oil doesn't mix with water．油不溶于水。

(2)mixture是mix的名词，意为“混合，结合体，混合体”。

The city is a mixture of old and new buildings．这座城市是新老建筑的混合体。 14．Add salt to the noodles.把盐加到面条里。

(1)add．．．to…把……加到……上

Will you please add a few notes to the article?请你给这篇文章加些注释好吗? Add 4 to 6 and you have 1o．4加6等于lo。 (2)add to增添，补充

The wonderful song added to our pleasure．悦耳的歌声给我们增添了欢乐。

15．First，put some relish on a slice of bread．首先，在一片面包上放些调料。

put．．．on．．．意为“把……放在……上”，常用于把某物放于另一物体的表面上。 Could you put the box on the desk?你可以把这个箱子放到书桌上吗? put on意为“穿上／戴上(衣服、鞋、帽等)”。

It's raining outside．Put on your raincoat．外面下雨了，穿上你的雨衣。 put还常与其他副词连用，构成动词短语，表达不同的意义。常见的有： put away把……收起来／整理好 put up把……挂起来／举起来

put down放下，记下 put off拖延

a slice of．．．意为“一薄片·…_．’’，常用来指不可数名词的量。slice有单复数的变化，以表达不可数名词的多少。

I have had some slices of roast beef．我已经吃了几片烧牛肉了。

slice还可作动词，意为“把……切成(薄)片”．，其后可用up，也可以省略。 Let's slice(up)the onions．让我们把洋葱切成片儿。 16．Super Chicken Sandwich。超级鸡肉三明治。

(1)super相当于excellent／splendid，表示“超级的，极好的”。 We had a super meal．我们吃了一顿极好的饭。

(2)另外，super还可用作前缀，后加另一名词，构成一个新名词。 supermarket超市 superpower超级大国 superman超人 supermodel超级名模

chicken n．作定语，修饰另一名词sandwich。一般情况下，名词作定语时在数上不受它修饰的名词的影响而用其单数。

a banana tree一棵香蕉树two apple trees两棵苹果树

但是当表示性别的man，woman作定语时，在数上要随它所修饰的名词的单复数而变化。 a man teacher一位男教师

two women doctors两位女医生

l 7．Then cut up an onion and a tomato。然后切一个洋葱和一个西红柿。

cut up这里意为“切碎”。此句中的“洋葱”和“西红柿”分别用不定冠词an和a修饰，泛指单一、每一、任一事物。

1 want to buy a pen．我想买一支钢笔。 【辨析】a，an与one

a／an都是冠词，a用在以辅音音素开头的单数名词前；an用在以元音音素开头的单数名词前。

I have a sister．我有一个姐姐。

He is eating an egg．他正在吃一个鸡蛋。

(1)不定冠词a，an可表达“一个”，主要强调事物的类别；而基数词one更强调数字概念。 I have one brother．我有一个哥哥。(不是两个，强调个数)

(2)若有only(只有)，just(仅仅)这样的词修饰，表达“一个”时，只能用one，而不能用不定冠词a或an。

Now we have only one way．现在我们只有一个方法。

(3)one可以作代词，其复数形式为ones，而a／an是冠词，没有复数形式。

These magazines are too old．Do you have some new ones?这些杂志太旧了，你有新的吗?(ones代替magazines)

(4)a用于以辅音音素开头的可数名词单数前。如：a pen，a cup等；an用于以元音音素开头的可数名词单数前。如：an apple。An hour等；而one可用于所有可数名词单数前。如：one bus．one egg等。

18.finally，put another slice of bread on the top.最后，在上面放上另一片面包。

another是由an+ other构成的不定代词，意为“另一”。通常用在单数名词前，且其前不再使用冠词。它表示三者或三者以上的人或事物中任意的另外一个。

I don't like the red hat．Please give me another one．我不喜欢这顶红帽子，请再给我一顶。’ (1)another后一般接单数名词，但是，其后可接带有few或数词的复数名词。 I have another, three questions to ask．我还有三个问题要问。

(2)another后加数词，表达“再，又几个”，可与数词+more进行互换。

I'm too hungry．I want to eat another two／two more(cakes)．我太饿了，我想再吃两块(蛋糕)。(前面已经吃过一块或几块)

on the top意为“在上面，在顶部”；也常写作on top。 Stand on top and look down．站在顶上俯视。 on top of意为“在……上面，在……上方”。

Books were piled on top of one another．书一本本地摞在一起。

at the top《意为“在……顶部／顶端”。

Write your name at the top of the paper．把你的名字写在这页纸的顶端。

all与both

all与both都表示“都”，但all用于三者或三者以上，而both只能用于两者之间。 All of us like English．我们大家都喜欢英语。 They both like English．他们俩都喜欢英语。 21. slices of duck烤鸭片

duck意为“鸭子，鸭肉”，duck变复数时加s，作群体名词时不变。 duckling n．小鸭子chick n．小鸡chicken n．鸡肉，小鸡

Unit 7 How do you make a banana milk shake?

单元测试1

Ⅰ．单项选择(15分)

( )1．__________ yogurt do we need for the milk shake?

A．How many B．How much C．How ( )2．Let’s __________ fruit salad．

A．make

B．to make

C．makes

D．making

( )3．—Do you like mayonnaise?

—__________．

A．I don’t think so

B．I think so

C．Yes，I do D．Yes，I don’t ( )4．Pour the milk __________ the blender．

A．in B．into C．on ( )5．Here’s a recipe __________ a great turkey sandwich．

D．at

D．What

A．of B．for C．in D．about ( )6．Father is __________ the wood in order to make a fire．

A．cutting up B．cutting off C．cutting through D．cutting down ( )7．—__________？

—Yes，please．I’d like some sandwiches．

A．Who are you C．Can I help you

B．What are you D．Can you help me

( )8．Without your help，I don’t know __________ to do it．

A．what B．which C．how D．whom ( )9．—__________ are the mushrooms？

—Two yuan a kilo． A．How much B．How many C．What D．How ( )1o．Don’t forget to __________ the lights before you leave the room． A．turn on B．turn off C．turn down D．turn up

( )11．__________ uncountable nouns are there in Unit Seven?

A．What many B．How many C．How much D．Which words

( )12．__________ cut up two apples，then put them into the blender．Finally turn on the

blender． A．And B．Next C．First D．Then

( )13．You __________ get up so early．But you must go to work on time． A．needn’t to B．don’t have to C．may not D．mustn’t

( )14．This is __________ onion and that is __________ beef．

A．an；a B．an；／

C．a；an

D．a；／

( )15．The piece of meat is too large，let’s cut __________．

A．them up B．it up C．up them D．up it Ⅱ．完形填空(1o分)

Food is very important．Everyone need to 1 well if he or she wants to have a strong body．Our minds also need a kind of food．This kind of food is 2 ．We begin to get knowledge

even when we are very young．Small children are 3 in everything around them．They learn 4 while they are watching and listening．When they are getting older，they begin

to 5 story books，science books?anything they like．When they find something new，they love to ask questions and 6 to find out the answers．

What is the best 7 to get knowledge？If we learn 8 ourselves，we will get the most knowledge．If we are 9 getting answers from others and do not ask why，we will never learn well．When we study in the right way，we will learn more and understand 1o ． ( )1．A．sleep ( )2．A．sport

B．read

C．drink

D．eat D．meat D．better D．anything D．write D．wait D．road D．by

D．sometimes D．well

B．exercise C．knowledge

( )3．A．interested B．interesting C．weak ( )4．A．everything B．something C．nothing ( )5．A．lend ( )6．A．try ( )7．A．library ( )8．A．on ( )9．A．often

B．read B．have B．school B．with B．always

C．learn C．think C．way

C．to C．usually C．better

( )1o．A．harder B．much Ⅲ．阅读理解(2o分)

A

Can you name some foods in the meat group? Can you tell where they come from? Your body is made up of millions of cells．Cells are very small．

Your body has to make new cells in order to grow．It also has to make new cells to take the place of the old cells that have been worn out．

To grow，the cells need a thing called protein．The protein you need most comes from foods in the meat group．

Fruit and vegetables are plant foods．Foods in this group give your body vitamins and minerals．Your body needs vitamins and minerals to grow and to stay well．

The third food group is made up of bread．These foods come from grain．Your body gets heat and energy from these foods．It needs a lot of energy to work and play．

Milk is one of the best foods your body can get．It has protein，vitamins and minerals．Milk is good between meals or with meals．

Some foods are not listed in the four main groups．This is because you do not have to think a bout eating these foods．You eat them if you eat foods from the four main foods． ( )1．In order to grow，your body __________．

A．has to make more water C．has to make new cells

B．needs more small protein D．needs old cells

D．a cell D．meat

( )2．In order to grow．the cells need __________．

A．food B．protein C．meat ( )3．The protein comes mostly from __________． A．milk B．fruit ( )4．Vitamins come from __________．

A．protein C．fat

C．bread

B．fruit and vegetables D．new cells C．minerals B

D．bread

( )5．Milk has __________ in it．

A．meals B．body

English breakfast is a very big meal-eggs，tomatoes，tea，coffee?For many people lunch is a quick meal．In cities there are a lot of sandwich bars．where office workers can buy the kind of bread they want—brown or white，or a roll?and then all kinds of salad and meat or fish to go in the sandwich．School children can have a hot meal at school．But many just take a sandwich，a drink and some fruit from home．

Tea means two things．It is a drink and a meal! Some people have afternoon tea，with sandwiches，cakes and a cup of tea．

They usually have the evening meal quite early，between 6:oo and 8:oo，and often all the family members eat together．

On Sundays，many families have a traditional lunch．They have chicken，pork—with vegetables．

The Englishmen like food from other countries，too，especially French，Chinese，Italian and Indian．People often get take-away food—they buy outside and then bring it home to eat． 根据短文内容及首字母，完成单词．使句子完整通顺。

6．In England many people have a b__________ breakfast and a q__________ lunch．

__________ __________ off the blender．

6．Cut up these tomatoes．(改成进行时，用I作主语)

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