英语暑假作业本一提高版 - 图文

江苏省苏州第十中学2012级高二升高三暑期作业——本一提高版之英语篇 班级 姓名 英语暑假作业（一）

建议完成时间：1小时

第一部分：完型填空

What is in the drug that makes you sick or dead ? For example ,cocaine is harmful ,but what makes it harmful?

I can‘t tell you all about drugs ,but I can 36 you think about them in this 37 way. Your body is a very complicated machine, 38 a lot of chemical machinery, all of which is finally turned 39 it all works together . Special chemicals, which we call drugs ,can affect it in many different ways. Some drugs are 40 when your body has a problem, as with disease-causing bacteria. Then someone may give you aspirin to keep your temperature from going too 41 or some penicillin 42 it stops the growth of some kinds of bacteria. 43 ,all drugs are really poison, 44 if you take too much ,so you must always use them 45 .

Why do some people take drugs like cocaine ? For a little while they seem to make you feel better ,or happier .But 46 their effects have 47 ,your body has to pay an extra 48 to get back to normal. That makes you want to get 49 of the drug . Drugs like cocaine have their special effects because they act as 50 for your nervous system. They cut off some of your nerve pathways and take away some of your senses and your 51 .They make you want always more . And just a little too much can even 52 nerves to your heart and stop its beating .

Many of us worry about the 53 around us and what pollution does to us .How about your internal environment, and what goes on 54 you ? You control that all by yourself in what you put into your 55 . Most drugs are pollutants .You would not want pollutants in the air and water around you . Why would you want pollutants in your body ? 36．A．make 37．A．funny 38．A．just 39．A．as if 40．A．powerful 41．A．high 42．A．when 43．A．Besides 44．A．at most 45．A．carefully

B．cause B．different B．really B．even if B．helpful B．tall B．until B．Thus B．at least B．easily

C．help C．simple C．especially C．where C．painful C．much C．as C．However C．at times C．carelessly

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D．let D．true D．sometimes D．so that D．helpless D．hot D．before D．Naturally D．at first D．a lot

46．A．where 47．A．worked 48．A．number 49．A．some more 50．A．guards 51．A．worries 52．A．lead 53．A．places 54．A．inside 55．A．heart 第二部分：阅读理解

B．before B．worn B．quantity B．nothing B．medicine B．happiness B．block B．nature B．around B．head

C．after C．appeared C．amount C．a little C．chemicals C．freedom C．offer C．people C．outside C．body A

D．until D．lost D．price D．a few D．poisons D．pride D．stick D．environ D．next to D．mind

Imagine that you are in school, giving a speech to your class. Now think what it feels like when stammering (口吃) makes it a struggle to communicate your thoughts and feelings to other people. The King’s Speech, which won the best picture at the Academy Awards in March, 2011, focuses on stammering along with other speech-related problems. The movie tells the story of Britain‘s King George VI, who became king after his brother Edward VIII gave up the crown to marry an American woman. As a result of British actor Colin Firth‘s performance, people are starting to realize that stammering can damage a person‘s self-confidence and cause him or her to escape from life.

―The serious problem is unseen and unheard,‖ said Norbert Lieckfeldt, an expert at the British Stammering Association, in an interview with a news reporter. ―Stammering masks your ability,‖ he said. ―It's a serious disability.‖

Most stammerers face bullying (欺负) in school, something that is ―usually carried over into the workplace‖.

George VI‘s stammer took away his confidence as a speaker. But Samantha Mesango, a speech coach based in the UK, believes that speech problems are more common than most people realize. ―Some simply don‘t like the sound of their own voice; others are scared of speaking in public,‖ she said. Travis Treats from St．Louis University praised The King’s Speech. He said it shows that ―how one‘s speech does not mean what one is inside‖. He also added that people who stammer need to be heard and our society should recognize that they have a lot to give to the world. 56．The author writes the first 3 paragraphs to . A. show how harmful stammer is for common people B. introduce a famous movie winning great awards C. tell the story of the king who suffers from stammer

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D. draw readers‘ attention to the problem of stammer 57．We learn from the passage that . A. stammerers face bullying in school but not in the workplace B. Edward VIII gave up his crown because he was a stammerer C. stammerers should be understood and can contribute to the world D. the sufferings caused by stammer haven‘t been found yet 58．According to Norbert Lieckfeldt, ． A. the voice of stammering people cannot be heard B. people who stammer do better in work than school

C. there are a lot of things that stammering people can give to us D. the serious problem of stammering remains unseen and unheard

59．The paragraph that follows the last will probably talk about ． A. the success the king made by overcoming stammer B. the medical treatments given to the stammerers C. doctors‘ opinions upon the serious stammer problem D. how popular the movie The King’s Speech will become

B

What is time? Is it a thing to be saved or spent or wasted, like money? Or is it something we have no control over, like the weather? Is it the same all over the world? That‘s an easy question, you say. Wherever you go, a minute is 60 seconds, an hour is 60 minutes, a day is 24 hours, and so forth. Well, maybe. But in America, time is more than that. Americans see time as a valuable resource. Maybe that‘s why they are fond of the expression, ―Time is money.‖

Because Americans believe time is a limited resource, they try to keep and manage it. People in the US often attend conferences or read books on time management. It seems they all want to organize their time better. Professionals carry around pocket planners — some in electronic form — to keep track of appointments and deadlines. People do all they can to press more life out of their time.

To Americans, punctuality is a way of showing respect for other people‘s time. Being more than 10 minutes late to an appointment usually calls for an apology, and maybe an explanation. People who are running late often call ahead to let others know of the delay. Of course, the less formal the situation, the less important it is to be exactly on time. At informal get-togethers, for example, people often arrive as much as 30 minutes past the appointed time. But they usually don‘t try that at work.

American lifestyles show how much people respect the time of others. When people plan an event, they often set time days or weeks in advance. Once the time is fixed, it takes almost an emergency to change it. If people want to come to your house for a friendly visit, they will usually call first to make sure it is convenient. Only very close friends will just ―drop by‖ unannounced. Also, people hesitate to call others late at night for fear they might be in bed. The time may vary, but most folks think twice about calling 3

after 10:00 pm.

Even Americans would admit that no one can master time. Time, like money, slips all too easily through our finger. And time, like the weather, is very hard to predict. However, time is one of life‘s most precious gifts.

60．The main idea of the passage is _______.

A. time is money C. how to save time

B. different attitude toward time in the world D. how Americans treat time

61．In the fourth paragraph, the writer mainly tells us that _________.

A. Americans respect others‘ time in daily life B. Americans seldom call after 10:00

C. Americans inform before paying a visit to their friends D. when planning an event, Americans usually fix time ahead of time

62．The underlined phrase ―think twice‖ (in Paragraph 4) probably means ―_______ ―.

A. think for a second time B. be careful C. be afraid D. pay attention 63．It can be inferred from the passage that ________.

A. Americans like time better than anything else B. generally speaking, Americans respect their time C. on the whole, Americans treasure their time

C

Domestic (驯养的) horses now pull ploughs, race in the Kentucky Derby, and carry police. But early horses weren‘t tame (驯服的) enough to perform these kinds of tasks. Scientists think the first interactions humans had with horses were far different from those today.

Thousands of years ago, people killed the wild horses that lived around them for food. Over time, people began to catch the animals and raise them. This was the first step in domestication.

As people began to tame and ride horses, they chose to keep those animals that had more desirable characteristics. For example, people may have chosen to keep horses that had a gentle personality so they could be ridden more easily. People who used horses to pull heavy loads would have chosen to keep stronger animals. Characteristics like strength are partly controlled by the animals‘ genes. So as the domesticated horses reproduced, they passed the characteristics on to their young. Each new generation of horses would show more of these chosen characteristics.

Modern-day horse breeds（种类） come in a wide variety of shapes and sizes. This variety didn‘t exist in the horse population before domestication. The Shetland horse is one of the smallest breeds— typically reaching only one meter tall. With short, strong legs, the animals were bred to pull coal out of mine shafts (矿井) with low ceilings. Huge horses like the Clydesdale came on the scene around 1700. People bred

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D. Americans consider their time is difficult to master and predict

these heavy, tall horses to pull large vehicles used for carrying heavy loads.

The domestication of horses has had great effects on societies. For example, horses were important tools in the advancement of modern agriculture. Using them to pull ploughs and carry heavy loads allowed people to farm more efficiently. Before they were able to ride horses, humans had to cross land on foot. Riding horses allowed people to travel far greater distance in much less time. That encouraged populations living in different areas to interact with one another. The new form of rapid transportation helped cultures spread around the world. 64．Before domestication horses were ______.

A. caught for sports

B. hunted for food D. used to carry people

C. made to pull ploughs

65．The author uses the Shetland horse as an example to show ______.

A. it is smaller than the Clydesdale horse B. horses used to have gentle personalities C. some horses have better shapes than others D. horses were of less variety before domestication 66．Horses contributed to the spread of culture by ______.

A. carrying heavy loads

B. changing farming methods

D. advancing agriculture in different areas

D

Many Americans are turning to Japan, they think, a country of high academic achievement and economic success, for possible answers. However, the answers provided by Japanese preschools are not the ones Americans expected to find. In most Japanese preschools, surprisingly little emphasis is put on academic instruction. In one survey, 300 Japanese and 210 American preschool teachers, child development specialists, and parents were asked about various aspects of early childhood education. Only 2 percent of the Japanese respondents (答问卷者) listed ―to give children a good start academically‖ as one of their top three reasons for a society to have preschools. In contrast, over half the American respondents chose this as one of their top three choices. To prepare children for successful careers in first grade and beyond, Japanese preschools do not teach reading, writing, and mathematics, but rather skills such as determination, concentration, and the ability to work as a member of a group. The huge majority of young Japanese children are taught to read at home by their parents.

Like in America, there is diversity in Japanese early childhood education. Some Japanese kindergartens have specific aims, such as early musical training or potential development. In large cities, some kindergartens are attached to universities that have elementary and secondary schools. Some Japanese parents believe that if their young children attend a university-based program, it will increase the children‘s chances of eventually being admitted to top-rated schools and universities. Several more progressive programs have introduced free play as a way out for the heavy intellectualizing in some

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C. serving as a means of transport

Japanese kindergartens.

67．We learn from the first paragraph that many Americans believe .

A. Japanese parents are more involved in preschool education than American parents B. Japan‘s economic success is a result of its scientific achievements C. Japanese preschool education emphasizes academic instruction D. Japan‘s higher education is superior to theirs A. preparing children academically C. developing children‘s potential

B. developing children‘s artistic interests D. shaping children‘s character

68．In Japan‘s preschool education, the focus is on . 69．Why do some Japanese parents send their children to university-based kindergartens?

A. They can do better in their future studies. B. They can make more group experience grow there. C. They can be self-centered when they grow up.

D. They can have better chances of getting a first-rate education. A. broaden children‘s knowledge B. train children‘s creativity C. lighten children‘s study load D. enrich children‘s experience

In the United States, engineering is a profession that has been dominated historically by men. Even

70．Free play has been introduced in some Japanese kindergartens in order to . 第三部分：任务型阅读

today, it's still true that few women become civil or chemical or mechanical engineers, but that's something www.EngineerGirl.org aims to change. Young women who visit the web site can find out about a great career choice they might not have considered.

\then of course, down the road, in the engineering workforce. So only about 20 percent of engineering undergraduate degrees go to women, and then only about nine percent of working engineers are women.\

Mary Mattis is the National Academy of Engineering, says the Engineer Girl website aims to reach young women around ages 11 through 14, when they are just getting old enough to start thinking about their futures.

\a time when we need to reach them, both with an understanding, increasing their awareness of interesting fields in engineering, what a wonderful productive and exciting career you can have as an engineer. But we also need to reach them at that time because you have to take certain courses, and you can't start thinking about taking those courses when you're a junior in high school.\

Engineering is a demanding course of study ---there is a lot of science and mathematics, for many girls and even boys, that can be challenging. But Ms. Mattis says that the Engineer Girl website stresses that engineering can also be fun and exciting.

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\

And, in addition, you can make a good living, you can be independent economically by becoming an engineer. All of those things are messages that girls need to get.\

While most engineers go into traditional fields such as mechanical and electrical engineering, the EngineerGirl site also highlights unusual engineering careers in fields such as sports engineering and --- believe it or not --- chocolate engineering.

\a section called 'why be an engineer,' and that talks about the many opportunities and increasingly different opportunities like with bio-engineering and environmental engineering, some fields that might appeal to girls who want to make a difference or have a meaning for their careers beyond earning an income.\

Even if you are not a girl in the target age group, there‘s a lot of interesting information on the site,

Title : Website（71）______ Girls to learn Engineering

Present （72）_____ for the engineering profession in the USA The majority of men take up the profession throughout（73） ______, while only a small number of women work as engineers. To make young women （75）_____ of （74）_____ of the website interesting fields in engineering and what productivity and（76）_____ the career of being engineers can bring them. * It can be fun and exciting. * It can（78）_____ the world for people. （77）_____ of being engineers * You can make a good living. * You can gain economic（79）_____ by becoming an engineer. Various opportunities are talked about like Other fields concerning engineering

英语暑假作业（一）错题讲评题号汇总

题号 题号 including biographies（传记）of some notable（显著的）women engineers.

bio-engineering and engineering (80) _____ to sports, and even chocolate 请把需要讲评的题目的题号记入表格中.

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英语暑假作业（二）

建议完成时间：1小时

第一部分：完形填空

I was going on vacation to meet up with my family for a week of fun in Canada．Early in the morning，I got to the airport in Denver ready to 36 my work behind for a few days．Don't get me 37 ．I enjoy my job of helping people with disabilities to 38 a plane，which is a special education system in our state，but this time it was my 39 !

I was waiting for my flight 40 with a good book to read，when an elderly lady was wheeled to our waiting area．I couldn't help but 41 the trouble she was having 42 a packet of nuts with her arthritic（关节炎的）hands．No one else was willing to meet her gaze so I offered to help．

She was very 43 ．It turned out that these nuts were her entire 44 ．The attendants were nowhere to be seen when the 45 came to board the plane．The lady could walk but needed some assistance，so I 46 to help her and carry her bag．We had a long chat on the plane．As we were entering another country we needed to 47 some forms．I did it for her．

We landed and I needed to 48 planes．but I helped her get off the plane first．The wheelchair she ordered was 49 to be seen，so we slowly walked to the 50 ．Her daughter was waiting there，looking rather 51 ．

We only exchanged first names，and she was so grateful to have my assistance．I had to run to 52 my connection．But as I 53 the experience，I saw her as my airport angel，because she gave me a 54 to hope that in the future when I'm 55 and traveling，someone will take the time to help me．Pay it forward．[来源:学科网ZXXK] 36．A．get 37．A．wrong 38．A．land 39．A．flight 40．A．silently 41．A．meet

B．fall B．happy B．locate B．job B．comfortably B．ignore

C．leave C．right C．board

D．forget D．hard D．fly D．vacation D．happily D．expect D．finding D．helpful D．breakfast D．day D．had D．fill out D．start

C．choice C．carefully C．notice C．useful C．ticket C．tried

42．A．opening B．reaching C．eating 43．A．grateful B．careful 44．A．lunch 46．A．volunteered 48．A．take

B．luggage C．hope B．came B．deliver

45．A．waitress B．time

47．A．find out B．turn out C．pick out

C．change

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49．A．hardly 51．A．desperate 52．A．call 53．A．reminded of 54．A．hand 55．A．old 第二部分：阅读理解

B．nowhere C．somewhere

C．airport

C．build

B．anxious C．calm B．gain B．thought of B．seat B．tired

D．never D．customs D．honest D．catch D．look D．poor

50．A．passage B．hotel

C．cared about D．sought for C．chance C．sick

A

I had an experience some years ago, which taught me something about the ways in which people make a bad situation worse by blaming themselves. One January, I had to hold two funerals on successive days for two elderly women in my community. Both had died ―full of years‖, as the Bible would say. Their homes happened to be near each other, so I paid condolence (吊唁) calls on the two families on the same afternoon.

At the first home, the son of the deceased (已故的) woman said to me, ―If only I had sent my mother to Florida and gotten her out of this cold and snow , she would be alive today. It‘s my fault that she died.‖ At the second home, the son of the other deceased woman said, ―If only I hadn‘t insisted on my mother‘s going to Florida, she would be alive today. That long airplane ride, the sudden change of climate, was more than she could take. It‘s my fault that she‘s dead.‖

You see that any time there is a death, the survivors will feel guilty. Because the course of action they took turned out badly, they believe that the opposite course — keeping Mother at home, putting off the operation — would have turned out better. After all, how could it have turned out any worse?

There seem to be two elements involved in our willingness to feel guilty. The first is our pressing need to believe that the world makes sense, that there is a cause for every effect and a reason for everything that happens. That leads us to find patterns and connections both where they really exist and where they exist only in our minds.

The second element is the view that we are the cause of what happens, especially the bad things that happen. It seems to be a short step from believing that every event has a cause to believing that every disaster is our fault. The roots of this feeling may lie in our childhood.

A baby comes to think that the world exists to meet his needs, and that he makes everything happen in it. He wakes up in the morning and summons the rest of the world to its tasks. He cries, and someone comes to attend to him. When he is hungry, people feed him, and when he is wet, people change him. Very often, we do not completely outgrow that childish view that our wishes cause things to happen. 56．The author had to hold the two women‘s funerals probably because .

A. he wanted to comfort the two families B. he was an official from the community

C. he had great pity for the deceased D. he was priest of the local church

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57．People feel guilty for the deaths of their loved ones because .

A. they couldn‘t find a better way to express their sorrow B. they believe that they were responsible C. they had neglected the natural course of events

D. they didn‘t know things often turn out in the opposite direction A. everything in the world is predetermined B. the world can be interpreted in different ways C. there‘s an explanation for everything in the world D. we have to be sensible in order to understand the world A. Life and death is an unsolved mystery. B. Every story should have a happy ending.

C. Never feel guilty all the time because not every disaster is our fault. D. In general, the survivors will feel guilty about the people who passed away .

B

Make Up Your Mind to Succeed

Kind-hearted parents have unknowingly left their children defenseless against failure．The generation (age) born between 1980 and 2001 grew up playing sports where scores (marks) and performance (show) were played down because ―everyone's winner.‖ And their report cards sounded more positive than ever before．As a result, Stanford University professor Carol Dweck, PhD, calls them ―the overpraised generation.‖

Dweck has been studying how people deal with failure for 40 years．Her research has led her to find out two clearly different mind-sets that have a great effect on how we react to it．Here's how they work: A fixed mind-set is grounded in the belief that talent is genetic – you're a born artist, point guard, or numbers person．The fixed mind-set believes it's sure to succeed without much effort and regards failure as personal shame．When things get difficult, it's quick to blame (liability), lie, and even stay away from future difficulties.

On the other hand, a growth mind-set believes that no talent is entirely heaven-sent and that effort and learning make everything possible．Because the ego (自尊) isn't on the line as much, the growth mind-set sees failure as a chance rather than shame．When faced with a difficulty, it's quick to rethink, change and try again．In fact, it enjoys this experience.

We are all born with growth mind-sets．(Otherwise, we wouldn't be able to live in the world.) But parents, teachers, and instructors often push us into fixed mind-sets by encouraging certain actions and misdirecting praise．Dweck's book, Mind-set: The New Psychology of Success, and online instructional program explain this in depth．But she says there are many little things you can start doing today to make

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58．According to the passage, the underlined part in paragraph 4 probably means that .

59．What‘s the main idea of the passage?

sure that your children, grandchildren and even you are never defeated by failure. 60．What does the author think about the present generation?

A．They don't do well at school. B．They are often misunderstood. C．They are eager to win in sports D．They are given too much praise.

61．A fixed mind-set person is probably one who ___ .

A．doesn't want to work hard B．cares a lot about personal safety C．cannot share his ideas with others D．can succeed with the help of teachers 62．What does the growth mind-set believe?

A．Admitting failure is shameful. B．Talent comes with one's birth. C. Getting over difficulties is enjoyable. D．Scores should be highly valued.

C

Have fun with Stamp collecting... Join the Collectors Club Starter Pack Collectors Club today! 1.100 used stamps and hinges. If you enjoy learning all about stamps, then the 2.The Collectors Club Guide to Collecting. Royal Mail‘s Collectors Club is for you. Join the 3.The latest Collectors Club magazine (packed with club and discover the fascinating world of news and views about stamps, quizzes and competitions, stamps. There are over 70,000 members and it is all in colour) one of the biggest clubs of its kind in the 4.Album pages country. lots of wonderful stamp collecting goodies... ●A Starter pack... And every two months... ●Collectors Club magazine ●Collectors Corner supplement And every year... ●A new Stamp Calendar ●A set of Album Pages Join today! 11

5.Badge and stickers 7.Royal Mail Stamp Calendar. ********** Already Registered? Sign In Here! Learn More View a Flash presentation about our club (3.51MB) Become a member today and you will receive 6.Membership card

It won‘t cost you much to experience the fun of stamp collecting. 63．Which of the following is NOT included in a starter pack? A．One hundred used stamps and hinges and album pages. B．The Collectors Club Guide to Collecting and badge and stickers. C．The latest Collectors Club magazine and membership card. D．Royal Mail Stamp Calendar and Collectors Corner supplement. 64．This advertisement is written for people who want to_______. A．make money through collecting stamps C．get something free from the club 65．From the advertisement we can learn_____.

A．Collectors Club is among the biggest clubs in this country B．how much you must pay to become a member of the club C．today is the last day for stamp collectors to join the club D．members may receive a set of album pages every month 66．Where is this advertisement most probably found?

A．In a newspaper. C．In a magazine.

B．On a web page. D．On a TV program.

D

Global warming is causing more than 300,000 deaths and about $125 billion in economic losses each year, according to a report by the Global Humanitarian Forum, an organization led by Kofi Annan, the former United Nations secretary general.

The report, to be released Friday, analyzed data and existing studies of health, disaster, population and economic trends. It found that human-influenced climate change was raising the global death rates from illnesses including malnutrition and heat-related health problems.

But even before its release, the report drew criticism from some experts on climate and risk, who questioned its methods and conclusions. Along with the deaths, the report said that the lives of 325 million people, primarily in poor countries,were being seriously affected by climate change. It projected that the number would double by 2030.

Roger Pielke Jr., a politicalscientist at the University of Colorado, Boulder, who studies disaster trends, said the Forum‘s report was ―a methodological embarrassment‖ because there was no way to distinguish deaths or economic losses related to human-driven global warming amid（在...中间） the much larger losses resulting from the growth in populations and economic development in vulnerable(易受伤害的) regions. Dr. Pielke said that ―climate change is an important problem requiring our utmost attention.‖ But the report, he said, ―will harm the cause for action on both climate change and disasters because it is so deeply flawed(有瑕疵的).‖

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B．develop stamp collection as a hobby D．find out where the club is located

However, Soren Andreasen, a social scientist at Dalberg Global Development Partners who supervised the writing of the report, defended it, saying that it was clear that the numbers were rough estimates. He said the report was aimed at world leaders, who will meet in Copenhagen in December to negotiate a new international climate treaty.

In a press release describing the report, Mr. Annan stressed the need for the negotiations to focus on increasing the flow of money from rich to poor regions to help reduce their vulnerability to climate hazards while still controling the emissions of the heat-trapping gases. More than 90% of the human and economic losses from climate change are occurring in poor countries, according to the report. 67. What is the finding of the Global Humanitarian Forum? A. Rates of death from illnesses have risen due to global warming. B. Global temperatures affect the rate of economic development. C. Malnutrition has caused serious health problems in poor countries. D. Economic trends have to do withpopulation and natural disasters. 68. What do we learn about the Forum‘s report from the passage? A. It caused a big stir in developing countries. B. It was warmly received by environmentalists. C. It caused a lot of interest in the scientific circles. D. It was challenged by some climate and risk experts. 69. What is Soren Andreasen‘s view of the report? A. Its conclusions are based on carefully collected data.

B. It is vulnerable to criticism if the statistics are closely examined. C. It will give rise to heated discussions at the Copenhagen conference. D. Its rough estimates are meant to draw the attention of world leaders. 70. What does Kofi Annan say should be the focus of the Copenhagen conference? A. How human and economic losses from climate change can be reduced. B. How rich countries can better help poor regions reduce climate hazards. C. How emissions of heat-trapping gases can be reduced on a global scale. D. How rich and poor regionscan share responsibility in curbing global warming. 第三部分：任务型阅读

Celebrating sleep

World Sleep Day, observed on 21 March, was created to bring attention to the growing number of sleep problems worldwide. Sleep is a natural part of human life, but many people in the modern world ignore its importance. As a result, sleep problems are increasingly common.

In 2002, scientists at the University of Athens in Greece conducted a survey of over 35,000 people in 10 countries around the world, including China, Belgium and South Africa. Of the people that responded to the survey, 24 percent said that they did not sleep well, and based on their responses, 31.6 percent were

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diagnosed（诊断） with insomnia(失眠) and another 17.5 percent were diagnosed with borderline (临界状态)insomnia. In addition, 30.7 percent of survey respondents reported visiting a doctor for help with sleep problems and 11.6 per cent said that they felt very sleepy during the day.

Overall, the survey found that many people suffer the effects of poor quality sleep, some examples of which are being unable to fall asleep and waking up in the middle of the night. The main factors causing these problems are pressure from school or work and a fast pace of life, but noise pollution and light pollution also relate to sleep and contribute to poor quality sleep. The survey‘s findings are particularly troubling because large numbers of people were found to have difficulty sleeping at night. The short-term effects of this are tiredness and trouble concentrating. If this happens for a long time, the risk of gaining weight and having a heart attack may increase.

There are many things you can do to improve the quality of your sleep. First, you should have regular sleep habits. Try to go to bed and wake up around the same time each day. You also need to make your bedroom a cool, dark, quiet place to sleep so that heat, light and noise do not disturb you. At night, you should also avoid things that contain caffeine, such as chocolate, coffee, tea and many soft drinks, as caffeine may keep you from sleeping.

Getting a good night‘s sleep is important for everyone. By following the advice above, you can rest better at night and work better during the day.

Title: Celebrating Sleep

Topic World Sleep Day Context Due to ignorance of sleep problems, people observed Mar. 21, World Sleep Day, ____73___attention to the importance of sleep. Of 3, 5000 people in 10 countries in the world, there were 24 percent of the people saying they didn‘t sleep well. 31.6 percent were diagnosed with insomnia and another 17.5 Responses survey of the percent were on the __74____ of sleeplessness. The percentage of the people feeling ___75___ during the day is 11.6. In additio 30.7 percent reported__76___ to a doctor for sleep problems. Under _77____ from school or work, people may have sleep __71___causing sleep problems and their consequences problems. A fast pace of life causes sleep problem as well. Noise and light pollution also __78_____ to poor quality sleeps. Sleepless people are more __79___ to gain weight and have a heart attack. 14

Feeling tired and sleepy, people find it hard to ___80______ ___72__ to take to improve sleep quality Have regular sleep habits Make your bedroom cool, dark and quiet Avoid things containing caffeine 英语暑假作业（二）错题讲评题号汇总 题号 题号 请把需要讲评的题目的题号记入表格中.

英语暑假作业（三）

建议完成时间：1小时

第一部分：完形填空

On a trip to California, my family stopped for lunch. As we walked toward the entrance to the restaurant, a man, with a 36 beard and dirty hair, jumped up from a bench outside the restaurant and opened the door for us．Regardless of his 37 , he greeted us in a friendly way. [来源:Z*xx*k.C

Once inside, my daughters whispered, \ 38 . \explained, telling the kids to look 39 the dirt. We then watched other customers approach the restaurant but many 40 him. Seeing this rudeness truly upset me. The day I became a mother, I had determined to set a good 41 to my children. Yet sometimes when things didn't go right, being a good example was 42 . When our meal arrived, I realized I had left the car-sick pills in the truck．With the windiest trip ahead, the kids needed them, so I 43 myself from the meal and went to get them.

Just then, the \ening the door for a couple. They rushed past him without even acknowledging his 44 . Letting them in first, I said a loud \ 45 .

When I returned, we talked a bit. He said he was not allowed inside 46 he purchased food . I went back and told my family his 47 .Then I asked our waitress to add one soup and sandwich. The kids looked 48 as we had already eaten, but when I said the order was for the \smiled. When it was time to 49 our trip, I found the \he stood up and thanked me heartily. He then 50 out his hand for a handshake and I gratefully accepted. I suddenly 51 the tears in his eyes—tears of gratitude (感激) .What happened next drew great astonishment: I gave the \ 52 _ . He pulled away, with tears 53 down his face.

Back in truck, I fell into deep thought．While we can't choose many things in life, we can choose when to show gratitude．I said thanks to a man who had 54 held open a door for me, and also said

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thanks for that 55 to teach my children by example. 36．A．clean 37．A．service 38．A．smokes 39．A．beyond 40．A．hated 41．A．target 42．A．stressful 43．A．excused 44．A．company 45．A．quitted 46．A．before 47．A．story 48．A．concerned 49．A．make 50．A．reached 51．A．watched 52．A．hug 53．A．slipping 54．A．firmly 55．A．journey 第二部分：阅读理解

A

For an increasing number of students at American universities, Old is suddenly in．The reason is obvious: the graying of America means jobs．Coupled with the aging of the baby-boom(生育高峰)generation, a longer life span means that the nation's elderly population will expand greatly over the next 50 years．By 2050,25 percent of all Americans will be older than 65,up from 14 percent in 1995．The change sets questions for government and society, of course．But it also creates career opportunities in medicine and health professions, and in law and business as well．―In addition to the doctors, we're going to need more sociologists, biologists, urban planners and specialized lawyers,‖ says Professor Edward Schneider of the University of Southern California's (USC) School of Gerontology(老年学)．

Lawyers can specialize in―elder law‖, which covers everything from trusts and estates to nursing-home abuse(虐待) and age discrimination(歧视)．Businessmen see huge opportunities in the elder market because the baby boomers,74 million strong, are likely to be the wealthiest group of retirees in human history．―Any students who combines an expert knowledge in gerontology with, say, an MBA or law

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B．messy B．appearance B．smiles B．over B．ignored B．rule B．accessible B．refreshed B．presence B．marched B．unless B．deed B．excited B．start B．washed B．inspected B．nod B．rolling B．constantly B．wisdom

C．pretty C．state C．sighs C．around C．missed C．record C．awkward C．prevented C．challenge C．exited C．though C．desire C．puzzled C．take C．raised C．witnessed C．lift C．rushing C．simply C．opportunity

D．bright D．attitude D．smells D．into D．refused D．example D．tough D．forgave D．attack D．approached D．since D．demand D．bored D．continue D．waved D．noticed D．strike D．breaking D．politely D．community

degree will have a license to print money, ‖one professor says．

Margarite Santos is a 21-year-old senior at USC．She began college as a biology major but found she was ―really bored with bacteria．‖ So she took a class in gerontology and discovered that she liked it．She says,―I did volunteer work in retirement homes and it was very satisfying．‖ 56．―．．．Old is suddenly in‖(Line 1, Para．1) most probably means ―_______‖．

A．America has suddenly become a nation of old people B．gerontology has suddenly become popular

C．more elderly professors are found on American campuses D．American colleges have been full of old students A．Retirees are more willing to spend money． B．They can employ more gerontologists．

C．The elderly have a great purchasing power(购买力)． D．There are more elderly people working than before． A．Retirees who are willing to spend money． B．The volunteer workers in retirement homes． C．College graduates with an MBA or law degree．

D．Professionals(专业人员)with a good knowledge of gerontology． A．will provide good job opportunities in many areas B．will be just an unbearable burden on society

C．may lead to nursing home abuse and age discrimination D．will create more students in universities

B

What's your dream vacation? Watching wildlife in Kenya? Boating down the Amazon? Sunbathing in Malaysia? New chances are opening up all the time to explore the world. So we visit travel agents, compare packages and prices ,and pay our money.

We know what our vacation costs us. But do we know what it might cost someone else? It's true that many poorer countries now depend on tourism for foreign income. Unfortunately, though, tourism often harms the local people more than it helps them.

It might cost their homes and lands. In Myanmar, 5,200 people were forced to leave their homes among the pagodas(佛塔)in Bagan so that tourists could visit the pagodas.

Tourism might also cost the local people their livelihood and dignity. Local workers often find only menial(卑微的)jobs in the tourist industry. And most of the profits do not help the local economy. Instead, profits return to the tour operators in wealthier countries, When the Maasai

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57．Why can businessmen make money in the growing elder market?

58．Who can make big money m the new century according to the passage?

59．It can be seen from the passage that the increase of America's elderly population_______．

people in Tanzania were driven from their lands, some moved to city slums. Others now make a little money selling souvenirs or posing for photos.

Problems like these were Observed more that 20 years ago. But now some non-government organizations, tour operators and local governments are working together to begin correcting them. Tourists, too, are putting on the pressure.

The result is responsible tourism, or ―ethical tourism.‖ Ethical tourism has people at its heart. New international agreements and codes of conduct can help protect the people's lands, homes, economies and cultures. The beginnings are small, though, and the problems are complex.

But take heart. The good news is that everyone, including us, can play a part to help the local people in the places we visit. Tour operators and companies can help by making sure that local people work in good conditions and earn reasonable wages.

They can make it a point to use only locally owned hotel, restaurants and guide services. They can share profits fairly to help the local economy. And they can involve the local people in planning and managing tourism.

What can tourists do? First, we can ask tour companies to provide information about the conditions of local citizens. We can then make our choices and tell them why. And while we're abroad, we can:

Buy local foods and products, not imported ones.

Pay a fair price for goods and services and not bargain for the cheapest price. Avoid flaunting wealth.

Ask before taking photographs of people. They are not just part of the landscape!

Let's enjoy our vacation and make sure others do, too. 60. What is probably the best title for the article?

A. Tourism Causes Bad Effects. B. Tourism Calls for Good Behavior. C. Vacations Bring a Lot of Fun. D. Vacations Cost More Than You Think 61. Which of the following is not mentioned?

A. Local people were well paid to leave their lands. B. Tourists may stay in hotels opened by local people. C. Local people are mainly provided with low-paying work. D. Tourists could bargain with local people for a reasonable price. 62. The underlined phrase \ \

A. pay attention B. take care C. cheer up D. calm down 63. According to the passage, the writer thinks . A. tourism is not a promising industry B. dream vacations should be spent abroad

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C. the problems caused by tourism are easy to settle D. tourists should respect local customs and culture

C

Robert Owen was born in Wales in 1771. At the age of ten he went to work. His employer had a large private library so Owen was able to educate himself. He read a lot in his spare time and at nineteen he was given the job of superintendent(监工) at a Manchester cotton mill. He was so successful there that he persuaded his employer to buy the New Lanark mill in Scotland.

When he arrived at New Lanark it was a dirty little town with a population of 2,000 people. Nobody paid any attention to the workers' houses or their children's education. The conditions in the factories were very bad. There was a lot of crime and the men spent most of their wages on alcoholic drinks.

Owen improved the houses. He encouraged people to be clean and save money. He opened a shop and sold the workers cheap, well-made goods to help them. He limited the sale of alcoholic drinks. Above all, he fixed his mind on the children's education. In 1816 he opened the first free primary school in Britain.

People came from all over the country to visit Owen's factory. They saw that the workers were healthier and more efficient than in other towns. Their children were better fed and better educated. Owen tried the same experiment in the United States. He bought some land there in 1825,but the community was too far away. He could not keep it under control and lost most of his money.

Owen never stopped fighting for his idea. Above all he believed that people are not born good or bad. He was a practical man and his ideas were practical. \thought, \they will be better people.\

64. For Owen, his greatest achievement in New Lanark was _____________.

A. improving worker's houses

B. helping people to save money

D. providing the children with a good education

C. preventing men from getting drunk

65. From the passage we may infer that Owen was born ___________.

A. into a rich family B. into a noble family C. into a poor family D. into a middle class family 66. Owen's experiment in the United States failed because _______. A. he lost all his money B. he did not buy enough land

C. people who visited it were not impressed D. it was too far away for him to organize it properly

67. We may infer form the passage that no children in Britain could enjoy free education until ____. A. 1771 B. 1816 C. 1825 D. 1860

D

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Holidays Holiday News Vacancies(空位) now and in the school holidays at a country hotel in Devon. This comfortable, friendly home-from-home lies near the beautiful quiet countryside, but just a drive away from the sea. The food is simple but good. Children and pets are welcome. Reduced prices for low season.

The snowdonia Centre The Snowdonia Centre for young mountain climbers has a mountain climbing lesson. The beginners‘ costs are ￡57 for a week, including food and rooms. Equipment is included except walking shoes, which can be hired at a low cost. You must be in good health and prepared to go through a period of body exercises. This could be the beginning of a lifetime of mountain climbing adventure.

The World Sea Trip of a Lifetime Our World Sea Trip of 2008 will be unlike any holiday you have ever been on before. Instead of one hotel after another, with all its packing and unpacking, waiting and traveling, you just go to bed in one country and wake up in another. On board the ship, you will be well taken care of. Every meal will be first-class and every cabin like your home. During the trip, you can rest on deck(甲板), enjoy yourself in the games rooms and in the evening dance to our musical team and watch our wonderful play. You will visit all the places most people only dream about — from Acapulco and Hawaii to Tokoy and Hong Kong. For a few thousand pounds, all you‘ve ever hoped for can be yours.

68. What can you do if you like to go on holidays with pets? A. Choose the holiday in Devon.

B. Go to the Snowdonia Centre. D. Visit Acapulco and Hawaii.

C. Join the World Sea Trip of 2008.

69. In what way is the Snowdonia Centre different from the other two holidays? A. It provides chances of family gatherings. B. It provides customers with good food. C. It offers a sports lesson. D. It offers comfortable rooms.

70. What is special about the World Sea Trip of 2008? A. You can have free meals on deck every day. B. You can sleep on a ship and tour many places.

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C. You will have chances to watch and act in a play. D. You have to do your own packing and unpacking. 第三部分：任务型阅读

The Chinese are very generous when it comes to educating their children. Some parents send their children to the best schools or even abroad to England, the US or Australia, regardless of how much this costs. Many also want their children to take extra-curriculum activities where they either learn a musical instrument or ballet, or other classes that will give them a head start in life. The Chinese believe that the more expensive an education is, the better it is, so parents often spend unreasonable amount of money on education. Even poor couples buy a computer for their son or daughter.

However, what most parents fail to see is that the best education they can give their children is usually very cheap. Parents can see that their children's skills vary; they will usually be skilled in some areas while poor in others. What most parents fail to realize though, is that today's children lack self-respect and self-confidence.

The problem is that parents are only educating their children on how to take multiple-choice tests and how to study effectively. They are not teaching them the most important skills they need to be confident, happy and clever.

Parents can help achieve this by teaching their children practical skills like cooking, sewing and other housework.

Teaching a child to cook will improve many of the skills that he will need later in life. Cooking demands patience and time. It is an enjoyable but difficult experience. A good cook always tries to improve his cooking, so he will learn to work hard and gradually finish his job successfully. The result, a well-cooked dinner, will give a child a lot of satisfaction and confidence.

An old machine such as a broken radio or TV set that you give your child as a toy may make him curious and arouse his interest. If he will spend hours looking at it, and try to mend it; your child might become an engineer when he grows up. Such activities do more than teach a child to read a book; but rather they teach them to think, and to use their minds. This is much more important than learning by reading a book.

Title How Chinese Parents Should 71．________ Their Children Being 72．_________ with money when it comes to education. Sending them to the best schools or 73．__________. Common practice Taking extra-curriculum activities so as to 74．__________ a head start in life. Spending more money than they can afford on education. Bad results Suggested

Children's lacking in self-respect and 75.___________. Teaching their children practical skills, which are of the greatest 21

76．__________ 77．____________. Cooking. Sewing. Other housework. 78．__________ a broken radio or TV. To make the children hardworking and confident. To enable them to 80．____________ and to use their minds.

79._______ results 英语暑假作业（三）错题讲评题号汇总

题号 题号 请把需要讲评的题目的题号记入表格中.

英语暑假作业（四）

建议完成时间：1小时

第一节：完形填空

A serious car crash leads one woman to rediscover her faith in human kindness.

In March last year, the car I was driving was 1 in a serious crash with another car on a country road. I soon 2 myself at the centre of a frenzy of activity, surrounded by paramedics, police, rescuers and members of the local community. An enormous can opener was used to 3 me out of my wrecked car and 4 an ambulance.

Over the next eight hours, l was transported to hospital, dragged up, X-rayed and diagnosed (诊断) with a broken neck. Knowing ?that I‘d 5 death by a fraction of a second sustained me throughout the long wait in the emergency ward and 6 me to deal with the visible distress of my hospital visitors.

Only after I‘d convinced the last friend to 7 could I direct my energies inwards Flitting in and out of my line of vision during my hospital 8 was the Red Cross lady, a gentle 9 in white who, from time to time, popped her head in to 10 cups of tea. After the visitors had gone, she ventured further into my cubicle to 11 that I was all riot.

I found myself 12 her everything; about the shock of the 13 , my feats for my family as a result of my injuries - about my whole life. While I 14 for an ambulance to transport me to another hospital, she stood by my trolley and 15 my hand as I off-loaded all the emotion I‘d stoically withheld (强忍着的) from my family. She 16 , quiet and non-judgmental.

Even now, the 17 that I have her contact details provides me with great 18 . I look

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forward to a day in the not-too-distant future when my guardian angel and I can meet again, in 19 circumstances.

In times of crisis, faith can sustain us: for mc, my faith in human nature, reawakened by the __20 of a stranger, has helped ease my journey back to recovery. 1. A. caught 2. A. imagined 3. A. push 4. A. into 6. A. advised

B. trapped B. found B. force B. onto B. forced

C. lost C. devoted C. get C. off C. beat C. ordered C. participate C. operation C. presence C. drink C. conclude C. giving C. event C. waited C. moved C. stopped C. power C. surprise C. strange C. kindness A

While travelling to Newcastle in the UK to visit relatives, I arrived in London to find my plane transfer north to Newcastle had been cancelled due to deteriorating weather conditions.

The airline was helpful -- offering me a choice between a night in a hotel or a six-hour bus fide to my destination. With no indication as to whether a flight to Newcastle would happen in the next two days, I chose the bus ride.

I stored all my baggage in the luggage compartment of the bus, thinking I would not need anything on the journey.

The young lady sitting beside me could see how tired I was and asked me if anyone would be meeting me on my arrival.

I realised that t had left my cell phone in my bag and had no way to contact my relatives. They

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D. involved D. dreamed D. turn D. on D. feared D. helped D. come D. appointment D. physician D. take D. check D. telling D. occasion D. watched D. waved D. listened D. privilege D. comfort D. extreme D. donation

5. A. survived B. met 7. A. assist B. leave 8. A. stay B. visit 9. A. patient

B. performance

10. A. make B. offer 11. A. claim B. consult 12. A. presenting B. showing 13. A. accident B. incident 14. A. hoped B. prepared 15. A. held B. lent 16. A. puzzled B. doubted 17. A. knowledge B. belief 18. A. progress B. pride 19. A. unforeseen B. happier 20. A. sympathy B. strength 第二节：阅读理解

would be waiting for me at the airport about five hours before the bus got to Newcastle, not knowing what had happened. Without hesitation, the young lady offered me the use of her cell phone.

When the bus made a rest stop, she asked me if I was getting out. I replied that I wouldn‘t as I still had sandals on, and bare feet weren‘t ideal for the cold weather, When she got back on, she‘d bought me some tea and a packet of sweets to eat.

When we eventually arrived in Newcastle, the woman checked that someone was there to meet me. I asked her to wait a moment while I got my purse to repay her, but when I looked up she had gore. I was unable to even verbally thank her.

21. We learn from the passage that ____________.

A. the author had little money to buy the air ticket from London to Newcastle B. the author probably flew to London from a warm place C. the author‘s relatives missed meeting her in London D. the author‘s cell phone wasn‘t functioning in Britain

22. Which of the following information is of great importance to the author‘s relatives?

A. Why the flight was called off. C. Where the author was put up. 23. What does the passage mainly tell us?

A. British people always suffer from terrible weather in winter. B. British people are usually helpful. C. The author was kind of careless. D. The author was grateful to the airline.

B

Accurately forecasting the weather is a very hard thing to do. There are many parts of weather dynamics-the study of how water and air in motion cause weather patterns-to consider. Even the best forecast can be changed by a small weather disturbance halfway around the world. Today‘s forecast use complex computer models, weather instruments, and detailed analyses of daily observations to predict the weather. However, it hasn‘t always been that way. People, like your grandparents, use folklore and proverbs to help forecast the weather. They remembered what conditions caused changes and observed the factors associated with weather: atmospheric and cloud conditions, temperature, winds, and reactions of plants and animals. Many people believe that this way of forecasting weather is accurate more often than modem forecasting.

Grandma‘s aching joints might indicate the arrival of a low-pressure system. She might also observe the geese flying lower than usual, confirming the low-pressure system. Finally, she might feel dampness on her skin, a sign of high humidity (湿度). Based on these three observations, grandma might warn that a storm is brewing.

Joints and nerves can indicate dropping air pressure, Dissolved gases in the blood form bubbles

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B. Why the flight was delayed. D. When the author would arrive.

under low air pressure. This causes pain in joints and nerve endings. Geese and other birds respond to changes in air pressure by adjusting how high they fly. In the fair, calm weather of a high-pressure system, the birds fly higher than in the stormy weather associated with a low-pressure system.

Nature provides other clues to changing weather. A decrease in air pressure causes deer and elk to come down from the mountains to look for shelter. Some animals feed more than usual. The higher humidity before a storm causes some insects to leave the trees and gather near the ground. Some flowers close so rain doesn‘t get inside them. In winter, rhododendron plants curl up to protect themselves as the temperature drops.

Several of the sayings apply in particular areas of the world. Here are some of them. ■Early thunder, early spring.

■Rainbow in the morning 8ives you fair warning.

■When teeth and bones and bunions ache, expect the clouds to fill the lake.

■When high clouds and tow clouds do not match together, prepare for a blow and a change in the weather.

24. It is true that ___________.

A. using folklore and proverbs to forecast weather is more accurate than modem forecasting B. complex computer models and weather instruments can always forecast weather accurately C. modern forecasting cannot always guarantee accurate weather forecasting for some reason D. modem forecasting along with other observations is sure to give accurate weather forecast 25. In a low-pressure system, you may notice the following EXCEPT that ___________. A. some birds will be seen flying near the surface of the earth B. some flowers close so rain doesn‘t get inside C. some animals come down from mountains D. some insects disappear from ground

26. It is a fact that the behaviour of plants and animals is _________. A. likely to reflect long-term weather forecasting B. likely to reflect short-term weather forecasting C. unlikely to reflect any kind of weather forecasting

D. more likely to reflect both short-term and long. term weather forecasting 27. What does the passage mainly tell us?

A. People can forecast weather with no modern equipment. B. How to use proverbs to forecast weather forecasting. C. Hard as it is, weather forecasting has a scientific base. D. The importance of weather forecasting.[来源:Zxxk.Com]

C

The United States has always been a country of many cultures. Before Europeans came to North

25

America, many groups of Native Americans lived here. Different Native American groups had different cultures. The first Europeans in the United States were from England and Holland, but immigrants came from all European countries. Many people also immigrated from Asia and Africa. Sadly, many Africans were brought to the United States as slaves. Many immigrants come from Latin America too. Today, the United States has people from more cultures than ever.

In the 19th century, people spoke of the United States as a ―melting pot.‖ People thought that all immigrates should forget their native cultures and languages and become English-speaking Americans. They felt that people should assimilate - join American culture. However, not everyone wanted to assimilate completely. Many people tried to keep parts of their cultures, such as foods, customs, and languages. However, their children often forgot their parents‘ or grandparents‘ language. But most Americans, even those whose families have been here a long time, can tell the countries their relatives came from. And of course, new immigrants take great pride in their curare and language.

For all of these reasons, melting pot is no longer a good way to describe the United States. Instead, people now call the United States a ―salad bowl.‖ They say salad bowl because in a salad, you can still see all of the individual parts (lettuce, tomato, and so on), but all the different parts mixed together and begin to take on the flavor of one another.

28. Which of the following is the key information the writer wants to tell us in the first paragraph?

A. There used to be many groups of Native Americans. B. Englishmen were among the first to settle in America. C. Asians and Africans also immigrated to America. D. USA today is made up of people from across the world. 29. The ―melting pot‖ ___________.

A. is an accurate way to describe the United States

B. is a place where people from different cultures should assimilate completely C. cannot accurately reflect the reality in the United States D. cannot be replaced by the ―salad bowl‖

30. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?

A. Many immigrates to the United States try to keep some of their culture. B. Immigrates are encouraged to use English wherever they go in the USA.

C. Children of early immigrates can speak English as well as their parents‘ native language. D. New immigrants want to live in their own culture and language.

31. The ―salad bowl‖ reflects the fact that immigrates to the United States ____________. A. help each other B. assimilate only partially

C. take great pride in their culture and language D. remain independent

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D

Expecting good things can make you healthier and might even lengthen your life, says researcher Suzaane Segerstrom, PhD, author of Breaking Murphy‘s Law. Segerstrom is coauthor of a recent review of studies on the benefits of a positive attitude---and has experienced them herself. We asked her about optimism‘s principles and payoffs. l) Feeling well helps when you‘re not well.

―When researchers look at people who have similar medical conditions, they can predict who‘s likely to live longer: the one who feels his health is better. There‘s something about that feeling of wellness that‘s important, even--maybe especially--if you‘re ill. Optimism also seems to help buffer (减缓) you against stress. I‘ve been studying first-year law students for 16 years. That‘s a very stressed group, but in my most recent study, each time a student‘s optimism increased one point on a five-point scale, his immune (免疫性的) response to an injected virus or yeast improved by 20 percent.‖ 2) Optimism is something you do.

―Anxiety and other negative emotions are known to be detri-mental to the body, especially to your cardiovascular and immune systems (心血管和免疫系统), and having an optimistic nature seems to protect against those effects.

In addition, research shows that people who axe optimistic about their future behave differently. They exercise more, are less likely to smoke, and follow a better diet. And if they get sick, they‘re more likely to actively participate in their treatment. I‘ve seen that myself--I have back pain from arthritis, but I think my willingness to do whatever it takes has helped a lot.‖ 3) Not happy? Don‘t worry.

―Happiness is a feeling; optimism is a belief that aspects of your future will turn out well. Happiness can fluctuate (波动) a lot, but an optimistic disposition (性格) is usually pretty stable. If you‘re not optimistic, you can try creating a ?positive events‘ log. Good filings happen to everyone, but pessimists often don‘t take notice; spending a few minutes every day writing about at least three positive things may help you expect them more often. Or instead of trying to be optimistic, do what optimists do: Work hard to reach your goals. Each accomplishment should make it easier to be hopeful about the next one.‖ 32. The main finding of the study done by 8uzanae Segerstrom is ________.

A. people will benefit from their positive attitudes towards life[来源:Zxxk.Com][来源:Z§xx§k.Com]

B. anyone who feels his health is better lives longer

C. people who are optimistic about their future behave differently D. happiness usually results in a bright future

33. What conclusion did Suzanne Segerstrom draw from her studies on her fast-year law students?

A. The better medical care they enjoy, the longer they will live. B. The younger they arc, the stronger they will be.

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C. The more optimistic they am, the less likely they will get ill. D. The better they feel, the more rapidly they will recover from illness. 34. We learn from the passage that optimistic people __________.

A. are easy to give up smoking

B. are willing to do whatever they are asked D. tend to have a better life style B. Keep a daily note of positive things. D. Make your goals easy to reach.

C. take an active part in all aspects

35. What are you advised to do according to the passage?

A. Take exercise as much as you can. C. Work hard and play hard. 第三节：任务型阅读

Canada‘s wealth comes from the exploitation of its rich natural resources and from the work of its citizens. Canadians are employed in a variety of jobs. All of these jobs can be grouped into one of three categories: extractive industries, manufacturing industries and service industries.

Industries that take raw materials from the natural environment are called extractive or primary industries. Canada has a wealth of natural resources. The extractive industries that have been developed to exploit these natural resources make an important contribution to the wealth of our economy. Without these extractive industries, and the money they bring from other countries, Canada‘s economy could not exist in its present form. Yet only a small percentage of Canada‘s labour force works in extractive industries. Extractive industries rely on labour-saving machines instead of human labour.

Manufacturing industries process the products of extractive industries into finished products Manufacturing industries transform raw materials into many different forms to be used by consumers or by other companies. This processing may be done in one or more stages. For example, iron ore is transformed into steel in factories. This is called primary manufacturing. The steel is then sent to companies for further processing into cars, mining equipment, machines, nails, and other products-such as bicycle frames. This is called secondary manufacturing.

Manufacturing industries are located in many towns and cities across Canada. Companies try to build their factories in densely populated areas because they want to near the people who buy their products. If they locate near their customers, then they save money on shipping costs. Manufacturing industries provide more jobs to Canadians than do extractive industries. Yet the number of people employed in manufacturing is still small in comparison to the third category, services. As with extractive industries, manufacturing process use many machines that require relatively few workers.

Service industries provide services needed by the extractive and manufacturing industries, and by society in general. Without these services, society could not operate. The majority of Canadian workers do not produce ―goods‖ in their jobs. Instead, they provide ―services‖ for others. The range of services is very great and includes such things as retailing, office work, education, health care, communications, government, transportation, and personal services.

Service industries in one form or another are spread over the entire country. In every community

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there are stores, banks, schools, police forces, and dozens of other services. The majority of service industries are found in town and cities because services are provided for people and there are many more people in urban areas,

Canada‘s economy depends upon the creation of jobs in all three types of industry. Introduction Extractive industries ●All (36) ▲ can be divided into three categories: extractive industries, manufacturing industries and service industries. ●Extractive industries arc also called primary industries, which are (37) ▲ with the exploitation of raw materials from the natural environment. ●Manufacturing industries (39) ▲ raw materials into products, which can be used by people or companies. ●Manufacturing industries can be grouped into primary manufacturing (38) ▲ industries and (40) ▲ manufacturing. ●Primary manufacturing (41) ▲ steel from iron ore for further processing. ●Secondary manufacturing will then use the steel to make products like cars, bikes, etc. for people to use. ●Service industries provide services the other two industries need. Without these services, our society cannot (42) ▲ . Service industries ●Service industries provide jobs for shop assistants, office (43) ▲ , teachers, doctors, and many others. ●Service industries mainly provide services for (44) ▲ . Closing

●Our society is (45) ▲ on all three trees of industry. 英语暑假作业（四）错题讲评题号汇总

题号 题号 请把需要讲评的题目的题号记入表格中.

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英语暑假作业（五）

建议完成时间：1小时

第一节 完形填空

You‘ve heard the expression, ―What you see is what you get.‖ My grandfather used to say: ―If you looked at a tree long enough, it would move.‖ We see what we want to see. Psychologists tell us that 36 controls our lives more than our self-image. We live like the person we see in the 37 . We are what we think we are. 38 you don‘t think you‘ll be successful, you won‘t. You can‘t be it if you can‘t see it. Your life is 39 your vision（视野）. If you want to change your life, you must change your vision of your life.

Arnold Schwarzenegger was not 40 famous in 1976 when he met with a newspaper reporter. The reporter asked Schwarzenegger, ―Now that you‘ve 41 from bodybuilding, what do you plan to do next?‖ Schwarzenegger answered very calmly and 42 : ―I‘m going to be the best movie star in Hollywood.‖ The reporter was 43 and amused at Schwarzenegger‘s plan. At that time, it was very hard to 44 how this muscle-bound bodybuilder, who was not a 45 actor and who spoke poor English 46 a strong Austrian accent, could ever hope to be Hollywood‘s movie star!

So the reporter asked Schwarzenegger how he planned to make his dream come true. Schwarzenegger said, ―I‘ll do it the same way I became the best 47 in the world. What I do was to 48 a vision of who I want to be, and 49 I start living like that person in my mind 50 it were already true.‖ Sounds almost childishly simple, doesn‘t it? But it 51 ! Schwarzenegger did become the first class highest 52 movie star in Hollywood!

Remember: ―If you can see it, you can be it.‖ A successful businessman I know wears a shirt with these words on it: ―Don‘t just pursue(追求) your 53 . Chase them down and tackle them!‖ You only get one life to live, so why not live the best life possible? So you can be 54 satisfied at what you see and 55 . Just think a minute! 36. A. something 37. A. mirror 38. A. Since 40. A. much 41. A. retired 43. A. moved 44. A. inspect 45. A. famous 46. A. with

B. somebody B. courtyard B. Although B. limited to B. even B. stopped B. shocked B. discover B. by

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C. nothing C. shade C. If

D. nobody D. shadow D. Unless D. devoted to D. that D. elected D. sincerely D. confused D. relieve D. traditional D. in

39. A. attracted to C. closed to C. ever C. tired

42. A. thankfully B. confidently C. obviously C. delighted C. imagine C. of

C. thoughtful

B. professional

47. A. director 48. A. take 49. A. thus 50. A. as if 51. A. occurred

B. applicant

B. often B. hit

A

C. bodybuilder C. create C. once C. only if

D. performer D. decide D. then D. in that D. did D. inspired D. interests D. fully D. accept

B. gain

B. even though B. paid B. simply B. bear

C. worked

C. dreams C. deserve

52. A. occupied 53. A. opportunities 54. A. thoroughly 55. A. get

第二节：阅读理解

C. admired C. frequently

B. principles

While the rest of his family was happily feasting during Spring Festival, Zu Xinming, a Senior 2 student in Shaanxi province, was frowning. ―Every time my relatives leave after dinner, almost half of the dishes are unfinished,‖ he said, and we throw away a lot of food.

Nowadays in China, food waste is a widespread problem. Each year, Chinese people throw away the equivalent (相等的量) of about 50 million tons of grain, an amount which could feed 200 million people, according to Xinhua News Agency.

One reason is that people are unaware of the issue.

―Some of my friends don‘t care at all when they can‘t finish the food on their plates,‖ said Zu, ―and they even throw it away if they don‘t like the taste.‖

Gong Tao, an official from the Communist Youth League of China Committee of Central South University in Hunan province, is worried about the decreasing awareness of food waste on his campus in recent years.

―Students don‘t know how much hard work others go through in order to provide their food,‖ Gao told China Education Daily.

One deeper factor is the Chinese cultural value of ―face‖. In a Chinese banquet (宴会) setting, the host feels great shame when guests‘ plates are empty. ―Serving lots of food is the Chinese way of showing respect to guests and displaying generosity,‖ Yu Changjiang, a sociologist at Peking University, told Xinhua.

Huge public spending on government banquets is also worsening the situation. Government banquets at the taxpayer‘s expense (纳税人承担费用) have become ―a major source of waste‖, commented People‘s Daily.

The good news is that people are already beginning to take action. On Jan 16, 10 restaurants with 749 outlets (店) in Beijing joined an ―eating up‖ campaign promoted by Xu Xiake, deputy director of China Land and Resources News. These restaurants have begun serving half-sized meals and small dishes. So, how can you help reduce food waste? Discuss with your family regularly about your food

31

preferences and how much you want to eat. Eat all of the food on your plate and in your bowl. And each week, help your parents clean the fridge so that all of the food gets eaten before it goes to waste. 56. According to the passage, which of the following is true?

A. The ―eating up‖ campaign was first promoted by 10 restaurants. B. Eat less so there will be less food wasted in the country. C. Students all understand well the hard work in producing food. D. In Chinese culture, people show their welcome by serving lots of food. 57. The underlined word ―frown‖ is most probably to show_________. A. satisfaction B. Anger C. dissatisfaction D. surprise 58. The passage is meant to tell the readers __________. A. everybody should do his bit to help reduce waste B. everybody must join in the ―eating-up‖ campaign C. Chinese way of showing generosity is a waste of food D. some restaurants have begun to serve half-sized meals

59. How many reasons are mentioned in the passage for the food waste problem in China?

A. 5 B. 2 C. 3 D. 4 60. Where is the passage most probably taken from?

A. Textbook B. Newspaper C. Magazine D. Guidebook

B

IMAGINE that your parents have bought you the most advanced robot. He looks like a real person. He talks to you and plays with you. He can even think for himself and figure out what you need.

It may feel as if you have a considerate new brother who keeps you company all the time. But come to think of it, can you really trust him?

Ever since the first robot was created decades ago, scientists have kept thinking about the task of making robots more like humans. However, as they have gotten closer to that goal, doubts have grown. According to the BBC, Japanese robot designer Masahiro Mori argues that the more lifelike robots become, the more humans feel a connection to them. But once they become too similar to humans, people begin to feel uncomfortable.

This theory is what led to the creation of a brand new robot in Switzerland earlier this month. Roboy, as the new machine is called, has various human-like abilities such as hand-shaking and bicycle-riding, but instead of a skin-like covering, Roboy is wrapped in shiny white armor (盔甲) that clearly shows its robot status.

―As long as people can clearly see that the robot is a machine, even if they project their feelings into it, then they feel comfortable,‖ Rolf Pfeifer, the creator of Roboy from the University of Zurich, Switzerland, told the BBC.

But the problem that people have with robots is not just with the way they look. It also has to do

32

with the roles that they play in our lives.

A survey last year of European Union countries showed that 88 percent of those interviewed agreed that robots are ―necessary as they can do jobs that are too hard or dangerous for people‖, such as space exploration and war fighting. But when it comes to taking care of children, 60 percent said that robots should not be allowed to participate, because as robots become more advanced and complicated, parents may tend to hand over too much responsibility to them.

No matter what, robots will soon enter our homes, Pfeifer said. What is not yet clear is whether they will act more like servants who work for us or companions who live with us. 61. What is the purpose of the text?

A. To introduce the newly-invented robot, Roboy. B. To discuss problems related to designing robots. C. To explore the roles robots will play in our future lives. D. To argue what kinds of robots appeal to people more. 62. Why did Pfeifer make Roboy look like a robot? A. To better protect it.

C. To make it clearly different from a human. A. welcome robots into their homes

B. believe robots are useful for certain dangerous tasks

C. think families with children shouldn‘t use robots for housework

D. are afraid that children will become less responsible if robots take care of them 64. Which best describes the author‘s tone in the article? A. Objective.

B. Critical.

C. Admiring.

D. Anxious.

65. Which of the following statements is true according to the passage?

A. The brand new robot in Switzerland can do everything human beings can.

B. Scientists have long been dreaming of creating human-like robots. C. Robots in the future will serve as human beings‘ good friends. D. People won‘t be comfortable with robots like a machine in the house.

C

The revolution was over by the time Tom Ford started working in the fashion world. The expensive fashion design houses such as Channel, Yves Saint Laurent, and Christian Dior, which earned money by designing and making very expensive custom clothes, had lost many of their wealthy customers. To stay in business, they started selling more reasonably priced ready-to-wear clothing along with a wide range of accessories(配件), that is, related products such as shoes, bags, watches. All of these products needed to blend(融合) with the clothing and with each other so that they made up a brand that everyone would recognize and wanted to buy. Though they did not use that name, each company needed a ―master

33

B. To make it look cool and modern. D. To keep its price down.

63. According to the paragraph before the last one, most of the people interviewed __________.

designer.‖

Born in Texas and growing up in Santa Fe, New Mexico, Ford had a diverse background in the arts. Soon after completing high school, he moved to New York, where he studied art history, trained as an actor, and worked as a model. Following that, Ford completed a program in indoor design, but later decided that he was more interested in designing clothes than in decorating house. He was hired by the firm Cathy Hardwick in 1986, where he began to work as a fashion designer. His talent stood out from the rest and soon he moved to Perry Ellis, where he became design director. Then in 1990 he made an important move by taking a position with the New York branch of Gucci, the famous design house based in Milan, Italy.

During his first years at Gucci, the company was going through a very difficult period. Its products were once considered highly desirable, and were worn by famous women such as Grace Kelly, Audrey Hepburn, and Jacqueline Kennedy. However, by the early 1990s they had lost their reputation for quality. Other producers had started making cheap, widely available imitations of the brand, and the sales of Gucci‘s own products had dropped. Things were so bad at one point that Ford was almost fired. However, some people at the company believed in his talent, and in 1994 they hired him to work in Milan as the creative director for the entire company. In this position Ford had artistic control over all of the company‘s products, as well as its advertising and the design of its stores. Under Ford‘s direction, Gucci‘s reputation for cutting-edge style soon returned, and the company began to recover. The style shows starting in 1994 were wildly successful. People loved the low-cut velvet pants, unbuttoned silk shirts, and shiny boots in metallic colors. By 1999 Gucci, which had almost gone out of business, was worth over $4 billion.

When Gucci bought Yves Saint Laurent , Ford became creative director for that fashion house while continuing to design for Gucci. When asked how he would be able to keep the two styles apart, Ford said it wasn‘t a problem and offered a comparison. Yves Saint Laurent was like Catherine Deneuve, he said while Gucci was more like Sophia Loren. Both are sexy and beautiful women, but with very different styles.

Ford left Gucci and Yves Saint Laurent in 2004 to form his own company called simply ―Tom Ford‖. Not long after, he was working together with cosmetics producer Estee Lauder to bring out new beauty products, and then developed and sold a perfume(香水) under his own name. His plans for the future? Ford says that someday he‘d definitely like to make a film. He puts it his way: ―That is the main design project. You don‘t just get to design what people wear, but you design the whole world and whether characters get to live or die. There is what fashion lacks. 66. Why did the author most likely write this passage?

A. To describe the career of Tom Ford.

B. To show why Tom Ford is the world‘s greatest fashion designer. C. To explain why Tom Ford was constantly changing jobs.

34

D. To show the fierce competition Tom had in the fashion world. 67. Why did the famous design houses need a ―master designer‖?

A. To make clothes for their wealthy customers. B. To start a revolution in the fashion world.

C. To blend a range of accessories with ready-to-wear clothing. D. To save a company from its difficult times.

68. The passage doesn‘t mention that Ford received any training in______.

A. acting B. modeling C. photography D. designing 69. In the 1990s, what company was Ford able to help recover from an unsuccessful period?

A. Gucci B. Yves Saint Laurent C. Perry Ellis D. Tom Ford 70. In the future, Tom Ford hopes to _______.

A. create a perfume B. make a movie C. write a book D. start a company

D

Advertising means to draw people‘s attention to something. It is a central feature of our lives. Sales depend upon it. So does our knowledge of what is available. Read the following adverts and see how much you understand them.

35

71. About what they advertise, we can safely say that __________ . A. Adverts（I）and（Ⅲ）advertise two products B. Adverts（Ⅲ）and（IV）advertise services C. Adverts（II）and（Ⅲ）advertise beliefs D. Adverts（I）and（IV）provide jobs

72. How many adverts are trying to be price competitive? A. 1.

B. 2.

C. 3.

D. 4.

73. Which of the following statements about the adverts above is NOT true? A. A newspaper uses one of them in its own newspaper. B. All of them advertise for the largest number of customers. C. All of them list the prices.

D. All of them have included contact information.

74. From these examples of adverts, we can conclude that __________. A. some adverts are provided by newspapers free of charge B. newspaper is the most common means of advertising C. advertising is an expensive business D. adverts should appeal to customers 第三部分：任务型阅读

请认真阅读下列短文，并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词。 注意：每个空格只填1个单词。请将答案写在答题卡上相应题号的横线上。

In the United States, engineering is a profession that has been dominated historically by men. Even today, it‘s still true that few women become civil or chemical or mechanical engineers, but that‘s something www.EngineerGirl.org aims to change. Young women who visit the web site can find out about a great career choice they might not have considered.

―Women are very much underrepresented in engineering and in engineering education programs and then of course, down the road, in the engineering workforce. So only about 20 percent of engineering undergraduate degrees go to women, and then only about nine percent of working engineers are women.‖

Mary Mattis in the National Academy of Engineering says the EngineerGirl website aims to reach young women around ages 11 through 14, when they are just getting old enough to start thinking about their futures.

―We know from the research that middle-school girls are at a critical point in their lives, and that it‘s a time when we need to reach them, both with an understanding, increasing their awareness of interesting fields in engineering, what a wonderful productive and exciting career you can have as an engineer. But we also need to reach them at that time because you have to take certain courses, and you can‘t start thinking about taking those courses when you‘re a junior in high school.‖

Engineering is a demanding course of study — there is a lot of science and mathematics, for many

36

girls and even boys, that can be challenging. But Ms. Mattis says that the EngineerGirl website stresses that engineering can also be fun and exciting.

―It‘s about designing things. It‘s about changing the world for people. It‘s about making a difference. And, in addition, you can make a good living; you can be independent economically by becoming an engineer. All of those things are messages that girls need to get.‖

While most engineers go into traditional fields such as mechanical and electrical engineering, the EngineerGirl site also highlights unusual engineering careers in fields such as sports engineering and — believe it or not — chocolate engineering.

―There‘s a section called ?why be an engineer,‘ and that talks about the many opportunities and increasingly different opportunities like with bio-engineering and environmental engineering, some fields that might appeal to girls who want to make a difference or have a meaning for their careers beyond earning an income.‖Even if you are not a girl in the target age group, there‘s a lot of interesting information on the site, including biographies of some notable women engineers.

Title Present（76） ▲ for the engineering profession in the USA （748 ▲ of the website Website（75） ▲ Girls to learn Engineering The majority of men take up the profession throughout（77） ▲ , while only a small number of women work as engineers. To make young women（79） ▲ of interesting fields in engineering and what productivity and（80） ▲ the career of being engineers can bring them. * It can be fun and exciting. （81） ▲ of being * It can（82） ▲ the world for people. engineers * You can make a good living. * You can gain economic（83） ▲ by becoming an engineer. Other fields concerning Various opportunities are talked about like bio-engineering and engineering

engineering（84） ▲ to sports, and even chocolate. 英语暑假作业（五）错题讲评题号汇总

题号 题号 请把需要讲评的题目的题号记入表格中.

37

英语暑假作业（六）

建议完成时间：1小时

第一节 完形填空

My life suffered a lot after my father‘s death. I had to look after my sick mother and two younger brothers. As the eldest son，I had no choice but to __1__ school and work in a factory. A thread of hope flashed in those __2__ days suddenly. It was a rainy dusk when I put myself in the rain and walked in the street.

Suddenly the rain stopped! __3__, I raised my head, and found that \in fact a dark blue __4__. Then I heard a deep voice. \crutch (拐杖)said to me，\you run, you would get __6__. I shook my head, but after a second I thought： Right, __7__？ His words shocked me deeply. Without my father's __8__ ―could I only be a __9__ to the fate ？

While __10__ together in the rain，I knew that he was a promoter from the city, and he received an order and spent __11__ time on it. Looking at this guy, I had no sympathy but __12__. I took the umbrella from his hand and he told me that he once had __13__ of being a policeman, but an accident __14__ his dream. Though his present work was __15__ and did not suit for his __16__，every outing was a wonderful start to him. He was glad that he didn‘t__17__ heart and still ran on the road of life.

__18__ by the man‘s remarks，I went to a city in the south and became an insurance representative. After two years‘ running, I got __19__ and my family turned better gradually.

Everything is so simple： to run without an umbrella！ When you __20__ the rainy season of your life, there will be bright sky ahead of you. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

A. desert A. dark A. hat

B. dismiss B. bright

C. reject C. white C. Excited C. umbrella C. for

C. less wet C. so what C. comfort C. guest C. jogging C. little C. love C. spoken C. ruined

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D. quit D. colorful D

Disappointed D. jacket D. to D. less cold D. who knows D. attention D. commander D. walking D. some D. care D. dreamed D. wiped

A. Interested B. Confused

B. raincoat B. without B. warmer B. protection B. master B. no

A. with A. drier A. praise A. slave

A. why not B. or what

10 A. running B. wandering 11 A. much 12 A. envy

B. admiration

13 A. approved B. known

14 A. defeated B. damaged

15 A. boring 16 A. hand 17 A. lose

B. demanding B. foot B. take

C. rewarding D. tiring C. arm

D. leg D. gather

C. change

18 A. Amused B. Terrified 19 A. anywhere B. everywhere 20 A. run into B. run across 第二节 阅读理解

C. Encouraged D. Shocked C. somewhere D. nowhere C. run away with D. run out of

A

Nineteen-year-old Christopher Paolini has always loved adventure books. In fact, he plotted out his first book, Eragon, when he was just fifteen！ Eragon is selling more copies than most of the Harry Potter books. A reporter from Who's News talked to this young author about his books and how he ended up being one of the best-selling authors of all time ！

Reporter ：__________________________________________________________

Christopher Paolini (CP) ： I love fantasy. I love the sense of awe and wonder that you always get at the end of a great book or movie. Eragon was an attempt to express that. When I was about twelve, I read a book called Jeremy Thatcher, Dragon Hatcher. It's about a young boy who went into a mysterious shop and bought a dragon egg that ends up hatching. It stuck in my head. Eragon was an attempt to see what I could do with the idea myself. Reporter ： Where else do you get your ideas

CP: I'm definitely influenced by authors who have a fairly inventive use of language, imaginative worlds and a sense of wonder—authors who write about things that other people don't. Reporter ： What was the hardest thing about writing Eragon?

CP: Probably the editing because I wasn't used to it. It was a kind of shock doing it. But also I was having to learn a huge amount about grammar and commas and other things I‘d never paid much attention to before. I'd say that editing and writing are pretty much equal in difficulty. My raw writing is a lot more professional now than it ever was before because of everything I learned through the editing process. Reporter ： How do you avoid becoming frustrated with the writing process?

CP: Write about what you enjoy the most or what touches you the most； otherwise you'll never be able to survive a book-length project.

Reporter ： Anything else you‘d like to share -with our readers?

CP: Before I wrote Eragon, I spent an entire month plotting out the entire story so I wasn't writing blindly. That helps. I really poured my heart and soul into it. It‘s not just an adventure story ： it is about Eragon trying to work out who we are, why we are here and how we can live honorably. 21. The reporter's first question is most likely to be \

A. What's the most interesting thing about Eragon？ B. What inspired you to write Eragon?

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C. How has your writing improved after Eragon D. How long did it take you to write Eragon ？

22. What does the underlined word \

A. A story. B. The sense of awe and wonder. 23. What does Paolini find as difficult as writing?

A. Plotting out the story. C. The editing process.

B. Grammar and commas. D. The creative use of language.

C. An idea. D. A great book or movie.

24. Which of the following BEST indicates Paolini devoted himself completely to writing Eragon?

A. \B. \C. \D. \

B

One month into my French degree course at Nottingham University, I was eager to travel around, having just spent a year working as a teacher in Nepal. Two years later, my schedule reads more like a traveller's than a student's does , having spent 18 months abroad under university programmes.

I have seen many students abandon their studies, desiring to see the world before making any long-term decisions. My advice for would-be globe travellers is to choose a degree subject that you find truly interesting, and use the resources available to see as much of the world as possible. So no longer does the \；with a little research and organization, it‘s possible to combine the two. Two programmes that allow you to do this are \The Erasmus Programme aims to increase student mobility within the European Union and associated states. Participants under this programme get to spend a semester (学期）at a foreign university, often receiving a grant(助学金）from the EU or their home department. By the start of the next academic year, more than one million students will have benefited under Erasmus. Not only do you get to sit through hours of lectures in the local language , you also gain cultural experience in the country. France, Germany and Spain are always popular, but the EU encourages applications to countries where less popular languages are spoken，such as Greece and Portugal. Theoretically, students of any subject can participate in the Erasmus Programme , although it depends on the involvement of your specific department in the project. The reality is that, in many universities, the programme-is most commonly intended for modern language students.

For a French student like me, Melbourne in Australia seems an unlikely destination , yet I was sent there in my second year. U21 is a multinational association of universities throughout the world, which have united to offer their students the opportunity to study abroad for a semester. The applicant's destination depends on the links between their department and the corresponding departments ofmember universities , which can be found in countries such as New Zealand , China , Singapore , Canada, Sweden

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