备战2010高考英语语法教案(全套)及配套练习：倒装句

备战2010高考英语语法教案(全套)及配套练习：倒装句

2010-2011第二学期高二年英语

语法：倒装句(Inversion)

2011.6.14

英语的倒装有两大类型：全倒装和部分倒装。

一、全倒装

全倒装是指将句子中的谓语动词全部置于主语之前。此结构通常只用于一般现在时和一般过去时。常见的结构有：

1、here, there, now, then, thus等副词置于句首, 谓语动词常用be, come, go, lie, run等表示来去或状态的动词。

例如：Then came the chairman. 那时主席来了。

Here comes the bus.车来了。

Here is your letter. (这里是)你的信

Then came a noise like thunder.

Now comes the bus.

Here is a letter for you.

There goes the last train.

2、最典型的There be 句型。there be 结构实际上就是一种全部倒装的语序。 E.g. 表 系 主语

There is/ are… There was/were… There will be … There must be … There may/might be… There seem(s) /seemed to be

There used to be … There happen(s )/happened to be…

3.表示运动方向的副词，介词短语或方位名词词组作地点状语away, in, under out, down, up, off, back置于句首，谓语表示运动的动词。例如：

Out rushed the little boy with an apple in his hand.

小男孩跑了出来，手里拿着一个苹果。

又如：Out rushed a missile from under the bomber. 轰炸机下面窜出一枚导弹。

Ahead sat an old woman. 前面坐着一个老妪。 Down came the rain and up went the umbrellas.

In the corner of the room stands a writing table.

South of the city lies a big factory.

Under the bed lies a cat.

In these oceans live huge numbers of a small fish 5cm long.

注意：以上两种全倒装主语必须是名词，谓语常是表示方位或转移的不及物动

备战2010高考英语语法教案(全套)及配套练习：倒装句

词，如lie, live, sit, stand, be, come, go, rise, walk, run等，主语若是人称代词或谓语不属上述动词之列，则不用完全倒装。

例如下列句子，不能倒装：

Here you are.给你。 Here he comes. 他来了。 Away they went. 他们走开了。 Here it rains a lot every month of the year.

Then she went to the shop. Here we are! Off you go!

4. 主语太长，表语（形容词, 现在分词, 过去分词)提前，构成全倒装。

1). Present at the meeting were some young people calling themselves pioneers of modern art.

2). Participating in the Olimpic Games were 6,000 athletes from 150 countries.

5．代词such作表语，意“这样的人//物”，应置于句首，其后全倒装。 Such were the facts.

Such would be our home in the future.

二、部分倒装/半倒装

部分倒装也叫半倒装，是指将谓语的一部分，如be动词、助动词或情态倒装至主语之前。如果句子的谓语没有助动词或情态动词，则需添加助动词do, does或did，并将其置于主语之前。

1．一般疑问句，选择疑问句，反意问句要求部分倒装。

e.g. Has he finished his work?

It’s a lovely day, isn’t it?

2．特殊疑问词不作主语或不作主语的定语时，特殊疑问句要求部分倒装。 e.g. When did you go there?

3．句首为否定或半否定的词语，如no, not, never (before), seldom, little, hardly, scarcely , barely , not once , under on condition ，at no time, in no way,not until…等置于句首时，要求部分倒装。

例如：我从来没看过这样的表演。

无论如何你不会找到这个问题的答案的。

当Not until引出主从复合句，主句倒装（从句不倒装）。

母亲一直到孩子入睡后离开房间。

备战2010高考英语语法教案(全套)及配套练习：倒装句

直到十岁他才上学。

注意： 如否定词不在句首不倒装。例如：

I have never seen such a performance.

The mother didn't leave the room until the child fell asleep.

典型例题：

1）Why can't I smoke here?

At no time___ in the meeting-room

A. is smoking permitted B. smoking is permitted

C. smoking is it permitted D. does smoking permit

这是一个倒装问题。当否定词语置于句首以表示强调时，其句中的主谓须用倒装结构。这些否定词包括no, little, hardly, seldom, never, not only, not until等。本题的正常语序是 Smoking is permitted in the meeting-room at no time.

2） Not until the early years of the 19th century ___ what heat is.

A. man did know B. man know C. didn't man know D. did man know

看到Not until…的句型，我们知道为一倒装句，答案在C，D 中选一个。 改写为正常语序为，Man did not know what heat is until the early years of the 19th. 现在将not提前，后面就不能再用否定了,否则意思就变了。

3）Not until I began to work ___ how much time I had wasted.

A. didn't I realize B. did I realize C. I didn't realize D. I realize

4.以否定词开头的一些结构作部分倒装

1）Not only…but also…连接两个分句，Not only置于句首，它所引导的这部分要部分倒装，但but(also)部分不要倒装。

but also we should pay attention to politics.

他没有收下礼物，还狠狠批评了送礼的人。

2)Hardly/Scarcely…when…, No sooner… than…，意思为；“一…….就……”，若hardly, no sooner位于句首时，主句中(第一个省略号处)要求部分倒装用had sb done；而第二个省略号处用did。

她刚出门，就有个学生来

备战2010高考英语语法教案(全套)及配套练习：倒装句

访。 她刚出门，就有个学生来访。

Hardly had I entered the room when the phone rang.

No sooner had he finished his talk than he was surrounded by the workers.

典型例题：No sooner___ than it began to rain heavily.

A. the game began B. has the game begun

C. did the game begin D. had the game begun

以具有否定意义的副词放在句首时，一般采用倒装句（谓语前置）。这类表示否定意义的词有never, seldom, scarcely, little, few, not, hardly, 以及not only…but （also）, no sooner…than, hardly… when，scarcely… when 等等。 注意：只有当Not only… but also连接两个分句时，才在第一个分句用倒装结构。如果置于句首的Not only… but also仅连接两个并列词语，不可用倒装结构，如Not only you but also I am fond of music。

5. so, neither, nor作部分倒装

so表“也”、“同样”意，neither/ nor表“也不”、“同样不”意，位于句首时，其后要部分倒装。例如：

You can swim, so can I.

If you go, so will I.

My sister doesn’t like football, neither/ nor do I.

Tom can speak French. So can Jack. 汤姆会讲法语，杰克也会。

If you won't go, neither will I.你不去，我也不去。

典型例题

1）---Do you know Jim quarrelled with his brother?

---I don't know, _____.

A. nor don't I care B. nor do I care C. I don't care neither D. I don't care also

2）--- Do you know Tom bought a new car?

--- I don't know, ___.

A. nor don't I care B. nor do I care C. I don't care neither D. I don't care also

答案为B= neither do I care

由 so, neither, nor引导的倒装句，表示前一情况的重复出现。其中, so用于肯定句, 而 neither, nor 用在否定句中。nor引出部分倒装结构，表示"也不"。nor为增补意思"也不关心"。A错在用 don't 再次否定，C neither 用法不对且缺乏连词。D缺乏连词。

注意：当so引出的句子用以对上文内容加以证实或肯定时，意为"的确如此"，不可用倒装结构。。例如：

1)Tom asked me to go to play football and so I did. 汤姆邀我去踢球，我去了。

备战2010高考英语语法教案(全套)及配套练习：倒装句

2)---It's raining hard. 雨下得真大。

---So it is.是呀。

6.Only+状语在句首倒装的情况only修饰副词、介词短语、状语从句，并置于句首时，主句中要部分倒装。 只有这样，你才能学好英语。 叫了三次，他才来参加会议。

如果句子为主从复合句，则主句倒装，从句不倒装。例如： 病得狠重时，他才卧床休息。 e.g. Only he can do it.(正) Only can he do it. (误)

7. as / though 引导的倒装句

as引导的让步从句as表示“虽然” “尽管”，的意思，引导让步状语从句时，必须倒装；though（虽然）引导的让步状语从句，可以倒装，也可以不倒装。必须将表语或状语提前（形容词, 副词, 分词, 实义动词提前）。

结构为：主语+谓语 如：Young as he is, he knows a lot of things.

Fast as you run, you can’t catch up with him.

Try as she does, (=Although she tries) she will never find it.

King as he is(=Though he is a king), he is unhappy.

但需注意：

1）句首名词不能带任何冠词,如：

尽管他是个小孩，他很勇敢。

2）实义动词提前放句首, 其他助动词放在主语后。如果实义动词有宾语和状语，随实义动词一起放在主语之前。例如：

Try hard as he will, he never seems able to do the work satisfactorily.

他工作很努力，但总不能让人满意。

注意：让步状语从句中，有though，although时，后面的主句不能有but，但是 though 和yet可连用。

8.虚拟语气条件句中

虚拟语气条件句中从句谓语动词有were, had（助动词）, should等词，可

备战2010高考英语语法教案(全套)及配套练习：倒装句

将if 省略，把 were, had, should 移到主语之前，采取部分倒装。

例如：Had they known their neighbour was a drummer, they wouldn’t have moved into the building.

（要是）知道他们的邻居是名鼓手的话，他们就不会搬进楼里。 （如果）我是你的话，就再试一次。 (= If I were you) = If I had had time)

9.其他部分倒装

1） so… that 句型中的so 位于句首时，需倒装。so…that (如此…以致) 常用句型结构为：so +adj./adv. +助动词等+主语+其他谓语+that

例如：So frightened was he that he did not dare to move an inch. 他害怕得很，动

也不敢动。

’t go to school.

2)often, many a time 等表示频度的状语位于句首时，其后要部分倒装。 e.g. Often did they think of going there, but they never had a chance.

3） 在某些表示祝愿的句型中。例如：

May you all be happy. 愿你们都快乐。

Exercise for Inversion

1.Only when you have obtained sufficient data ______ come to a sound conclusion.

A. can you B. you can C. would you D. you would

2.______ that this region was so rich in natural resources.

A. Little he knew B. Little did he know

C. Little he did know D. Little he had known

3.Never again ______ political office after his 1928 defeat for the presidency.

A. Alfred E.Smith seriously sought B. seriously Alfred E.Smith sought

C. when did Alfred E.Smith seriously seek D. did Alfred E.Smith seriously seek

4.Only in recent years ______ begun to realize that wild dogs, kept within bounds, often do more good than harm.

A. people have B. since people have C. have people D. people who have

5.Not until I shouted at the top of my voice ______ his head.

A. that he turned B. did he turn C. he didn’t turn D. he had turned

6.______ received law degrees as today.

A. Never so women have B. The women aren’t ever

C. Women who have never D. Never have so many women

7. Not only _______ about the food, he also refused to pay for it.

A. the customer complained B. when the customer complained

C. did the customer complain D. the customer did complain

备战2010高考英语语法教案(全套)及配套练习：倒装句

8. ______ that they may eventually reduce the amount of labor needed on construction sites by 90 percent.

A. Such construction robots are clever B. So clever the construction robots are

C. So clever are the construction robots D. Such clever construction robots are

9.______ do we go for picnics.

A. Certainly B. Sometimes C. Seldom D. Once

10.Her answer is not acceptable, and ______.

A. neither am I B. either is mine C. neither is mine D. mine is neither

11.So fast ______ that it is difficult for us to imagine its speed.

A. light travel B. travels the light C. do light travel D. does light travel

12.Smith is a good student and studies very hard, _________.

A. so it is with Mary B. so does Mary

C. so is Mary D. neither does Mary

13.______ a little more time to think, he might have acted more sensibly.

A. If he took B. If he has taken C. Had he taken D. Should he take

14.Beneath our feet ______ that our life depends on for food and clothing.

A. the earth lay B. the earth lies C. lie the earth D. lies the earth

15.Our eating habits have changed, __________ our way of life, and the fuel we need for our bodies is also different.

A. so is B. as has C. which has D. the same is

16._____ the beginning of the 19th century did scientists know that all matter is made up of atoms.

A. At B. By C. Up to D. Not until

17.Hardly ______ he got out of the court ______ the reporters raised a lot of questions to him.

A. had … when B. had…than C. did…when D. has…than

18. Many a time ______ swimming alone.

A. the boy went B. went the boy C. did the boy go D. did go the boy

his discovery was, it was regarded as a matter of no account in his time.

A. to B. for C. as D. although

20.According to the periodic table, ______ still some elements undiscovered.

A. there seem to be B. it seems C. it seems to be D. here seems

21.Here ______ you want to see.

A. the manager comes B. comes the manager

C. comes a manager D. is coming a manager

22.Barry can hardly drive a car, ______.

A. so can’t Molly B. can’t Molly either

C. Molly can’t too D. neither can Molly

23._______ for the leadership of the Party, we should not have succeeded.

A. Had not it been B. Had it not been C. There was D. Is there

24.______ no air or water, there would be no life in the world.

A. Were there B. There are C. There was D. Is there

25. Not only ______ the data fed into it, but it can also analyze them.

备战2010高考英语语法教案(全套)及配套练习：倒装句

A. the computer can memorize B. can the computer memorize

C. do the computer memorize D. can memorize the computer

26.Not once ______ his view of life.

A. did the gentleman mention B. the gentleman mentioned that

C. the gentleman mentioned D. does gentleman mentioned

27.By no means ______ their own language well.

A. it is true that all English people know

B. is it true that do all English people know

C. it is true that do all English people know

D. is it true that all English people know

28. No sooner ______ the theatre than the film Tony began.

A. reached B. had I reached C. I had reached D. did I reach

29.The world’s birth rates are on a decline and ______ are the death rates.

A. so B. also C. too D. the same

30.Typical of the new type of young people _____, who set a shining example to the whole nation.

A. was Lei Feng B. were Lei Feng C. Lei Feng was D. Lei Feng were

31.__________ for the free tickets, I would not have gone to see the films so often.A. If it is not B. Were it not C. Had it not been D. If they were not

32.She didn’t want to buy it, ______.

A. however good was it B. however good it was

C. for how good might it be D. for how good it might be

33.______ , it is always possible to find out its volume.

A. Whatever the shape of a body may be B. The shape of a body may be whatever

C. May whatever the shape of a body be D. Whatever may the shape of a body be

34. Scarcely _____ finished their homework ______ I came into the classroom.

A. had they; than B. they had; when

C. had they; when D. did they; when

35．Not a single word ____ at the beginning.

A. did he say B. has he said C.he said D. he has said

36. Never ______ such a wonderful place as Hangzhou.

A. are seeing B. had I seen C. I have seen D. have I seen

37. So absorbed _______ the work that she often forgot to _____ her meals.

A. had she been in; do B. she was in; make

C. was she in; take D. she had been in ; have

38. A fish needs water and without water it will die._______.

A. So does a man B. So will a man

C. So it is with a man D. So is it with a man

39. ________ playing soldiers.

A. Inside the room were two boys B. Inside the room two boys

C. Were two boys inside the room D. Inside the room was two boys

40. On the wall _______ two large portraits.

A. are hanging B. hanged C. hang D. hangs

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