英语复习资料

Revision

Vocabulary

1) The cook put the meat on a plate, sprinkled it with salt and pepper（胡椒粉）, wrapped up（把…包裹起来）the plate in aluminum foil (铝箔，能够起到保温隔热的作用) and then placed it in the oven（炉子）to roast. 厨师把肉放到盘子里，撒上盐和胡椒，用铝箔把盘子包起来然后放到炉子里烤。

2) Every waking moment（梦醒时分）we talk to ourselves about the things we experience. Our self-talk，the thoughts we communicate to ourselves, in turn control the way we feel and act.

每个梦醒时分，对于我们经历的事情我们进行自我对话。我们的自我对话，反过来也会控制我们的思想和行为。

3) Joan made everyone laugh when she got the words reversed and referred to herself as “my husband’s wife.”

当琼把这些词翻过来，称自己为“我丈夫的妻子”时，每个人都大笑起来。

4) You can’t live a perfect day without doing something for someone who will perhaps never be able to repay you. 如果你不计报酬为某人做些事情，那样才算度过完美的一天。

5) Because the Earth is a sphere（球体）, sailors at sea only can view other ships to a distance of about 13 miles before those ships seem to disappear into the horizon. 因为地球是球体，所以海上的海员能够看到距离约13英里内的船只，然后这些船只就消失在地平线。

6) Johnson dismissed traditional ideas lightly as no good on several occasions. 在一些场合，约翰森放弃那些他认为毫无用处的传统的想法。

7) One tends to believe whatever one repeats to oneself sufficiently often, whether the statement is true or false.

人们往往会相信自己反复重复的那些话，无论这论述是否正确。

8) Susan told me numerous times how her sister longed for children. 苏珊无数次告诉我她的妹妹多么渴望孩子。

9) I don’t know what my roommate is up to（想做什么） because he does everything in secret, either when I am away or when I am asleep. 我不知道我的舍友想做什么，因为他做什么都是秘密地，无论是我不在的时候 还是我睡着的时候。

10) For economic reasons, shipbuilders have designed vessels that can be loaded and unloaded in a minimum amount of time with minimum labor.

出于经济原因，造船者设计的船只要用最小的劳动力在最短的时间可以装货第 1 页 共 10 页

或是卸货。

11) Laugh, and the world laughs with you; weep and you weep alone. 你笑，世界与你一起笑；你哭，就只能独自哭泣。

12) A national debate is now under way about the manner in which we as a society should protect our natural resources. 一场关于如何保护我们的自然资源的全国辩论赛正在进行。

1) At the end of a hard day Sue likes to go home and stretch out in her favorite armchair（扶手椅） listening to a record. (stretch) 在辛劳的一天结束的时候，苏喜欢回到家里，坐在她最喜爱的扶手椅上一边听着音乐一边伸展身体。

2) Tom listened hard, but couldn’t make out what his parents were saying because they were talking too softly. (make) 汤姆努力听，但听不清他父母在说什么，因为他们说话声音很轻。

3) How often do things occur by mere chance which we dared not even hope for? hope

仅仅靠运气期待事情发生，这是我们不敢期许的。

4) If he hears something he can’t understand, my brother always turns it over in his mind until he can make sense of it. (turn)

如果我哥哥听到他不理解的事情，他总会在心里反复思考直到他理解。

5) A national flag（国旗）should be folded carefully and put away when not in use. (put)

当我们不用的时候，应该把国旗认真折叠然后放好。

6) Poetry (诗歌) often reveals（=show） to us the loveliness of nature and brings back the freshness of youthful feelings. (bring)

诗歌向我们展示出大自然的孤独，使我们回想起年轻时的青涩。

7) Since she met some disabled (残疾的) young girls at college, she got to thinking about creating movies that tell people more about their world. (get)

因为她上大学时遇到过一些年轻的残疾女孩，她开始思考创作电影，告诉人们关于残疾人的世界。

8) Setting a goal（制定目标）is not the main thing. What really matters is deciding how you will go about achieving it. (go)

制定目标不是关键，关键的是你如何着手实现它。

1) Some 80 art masterpieces will be brought to South Korea for an annual French

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cultural festival.

大约有80件杰作被带到韩国参加一年一度的法国文化节。

2) Ben’s very sensitive and emotionally fragile. He craves for approval（认可）and will do almost anything to gain it even from complete strangers.

本很敏感，情感上很脆弱。他渴望认可，他总会尽一切可能去获取甚至是陌生人的认可。

3) As information bombards （轰炸） us, we must rely on our own experience and intuition to distinguish（= tell, 区分）fact from fancy. 在信息轰炸的时代，我们必须依赖我们自己的经验和直觉来区分事实与想象。

4) He can get quite a big headache from listening to her nonsense, but he knows she can’t help it.

听她胡说他感到头疼，但他知道她禁不住会这样。

5) These window decorations（装饰）are made from soft flexible plastic（软塑料）. They cling to glass and other shiny surfaces like magic. 这些窗户装饰物都是软塑料做成的，它们如同魔法一样附着在玻璃或其它闪光的表面。

6) Those who endure hearing loss are at a disadvantage, because they are unable to get everyday sound signals. 那些忍受听力缺失的人处于劣势，因为他们无法得到日常声音信号。

7) Once I knew I was experiencing acute panic or anxiety, I followed the tips recommended by my doctor to deal with the symptoms（症状）.

一旦我知道我在经历急剧恐慌或是焦虑，我会听从医生的建议应对我的症状。

8) This dog is well-trained--- she’ll come running back to me every time I whistle to her.

这只狗被训练的很好---每次我向她吹口哨她都会跑回来。

9) True, this football team is comparatively weak. But it is absolutely wrong to mock at their attempt to qualify for the World Cup Finals（有资格参加世界杯决赛）. 确实如此，这支足球队比较弱。但是我们也绝不应该嘲笑他们努力争取参加世界杯决赛的资格。

10) It is said that（据说）the corporation has already subtracted a number of（=many）expenditures (开支) from the total cost; Yet it still runs as high as (高达) 300 million dollars.

据说这家公司已经从所有开支中减少了不少，但它的开支仍高达3亿美元。 11) He had a favorite song he used to sing to us in the old days---“It’s a Sin to tell a Lie”--- and I shall always associate it with him.

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在过去他常常给我们唱一首他最喜欢的一首歌---“撒谎是一种罪过”---我经常会把这首歌和他联系起来。

12) On bright spring days, you can see lovely birds flutter/fluttering among the bushes (灌木丛).

在明朗的春日里，你可以看到可爱的鸟在灌木丛中飞。

1) The Minister（部长）reluctantly（不情愿地）stopped defending himself and resigned（辞职）. (give) gave in / gave up （屈服，放弃） 部长勉强不再为自己辩护，辞职了。

2) He was trying to discover the cause of why the camera wasn’t working. (figure) figure out 他努力找出照相机坏的原因。

3) The guide dog（导盲犬）looked at the traffic and decided to lead its master across the road. (size) sized up（审时度势） 导盲犬看着马路上的车流来决定是否把它的主人带过马路。

4) Small-pox (水痘) killed the entire population of some Native Indian tribes. (wipe) wiped out 根除） 水痘杀死了一些印第安部落的所有人。

5）The typhoon (台风) destroyed everything on its way, knocking down houses and tearing up (撕碎；毁坏) trees. (pull) pulling up 台风所到之处毁掉了一切，房屋倒塌，树被连根拔起。

6) The waterproof coating (防水涂层) will become thin and eventually disappear very quickly, depending on（取决于）use and care. (wear) wear away 衣服上的防水涂层的磨损程度取决于你的使用及护理。

7) After a few minutes, my blood pressure（血压）became normal（正常的）and I was allowed to change my position in bed from lying to sitting upright again. (sit) sit up 几分钟后，我的血压正常了，我又能坐起来了。

8) Our main aim in producing the magazine is to give readers inspiration (灵感) and ideas for their homes and it’s heart-warming（令人高兴的）to learn about the success we’ve had. (hear) hear of / about 我们出这本杂志的主要目的是给读者家装方面的灵感和观点，当我们听说我们 取得的成功时，我们很高兴。

1) Holding such a sporting event as the Paralympics （残奥会）will help arouse public awareness against discrimination（歧视）and indifference（漠不关心）towards the disabled. 举办残奥会这样的体育赛事有助于激发民众意识，反对歧视或是漠视残疾人。

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2) If you are habitually（习惯地）impatient, then developing patience will not only benefit your own life, but also the life of everyone around you. 如果你经常没耐心，那么发展耐心不仅对你自己的生活，也对周边人的生活有利。

3) It’s still a mystery to me whether I became a writer because of my desire for solitude（孤独）or being a writer I became more solitary. 到底是因为我渴望孤独而成为作家，还是成为作家使我变得更加孤独，这还是个谜。

4) Early this morning a seven-year-old girl was run over and crushed to death by a large pickup truck which went out of control on an icy road. 今天早晨，一个七岁女孩被一辆敞蓬小型载货卡车撞翻压死，这辆车在满是冰的路上失控了。

5) “I feel like going for a walk. Won’t you join me?” ---“OK.” “我想去散步，你愿意和我一起吗？”---“好的。”

6) Five straight days of heavy rains lashed southern California and Mexico last week, causing mudslides （泥石流）and killing more than 35 people.

上周连续五天的暴雨袭击加州南部及墨西哥，导致了泥石流的发生，超过35人死亡。

7) My life experiences have merely served to confirm the wisdom of his remarks, so over the years they keep echoing in my mind. 我的生活经历证实了他智慧的言论，因此这么多年来它们一直在我心中回响。

8) The Presidential candidate（总统候选人）paused during his speech while supporters waved their cards with campaign slogans（口号）to show their support. 总统候选人在演讲中停顿了一下，当支持者挥动写着竞选口号的卡片来表达他们的支持时。

9) To a very real extent, Jean has betrayed her boyfriend’s trust and invaded（侵犯）his privacy by checking his private communications（通讯）.

从某种程度上来看，简背弃了对男友的信任，通过查看他的私人通讯侵犯他的隐私。

10) “If I’m going to weed the garden, who’s going to do the laundry?” “如果我给花园除草，那么谁来洗衣服？”

11) An additional 100 million pounds is scheduled to rebuild the poorest section of the city over the next five years.

在未来五年里，预计还需要一亿英镑来重建这个城市最贫穷的地区。

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12) He tilted his chair backward and put his feet up on his desk while he was talking on the phone. 当他打电话的时候，他把椅子向后倾斜，把脚放在桌子上。

1. The visitors were impressed by the fact that the elderly in this neighborhood are well cared for by a team of volunteers（志愿者）. (care)

临近地区的老人被一群志愿者照料的很好，这给来访者留下了深刻印象。

2. At the moment quite a lot of IT companies（以信息技术为产业的公司）are losing money, but they hang on（坚持）, hoping that the industry will in time improve. (hang) 现在相当多的IT公司都在赔钱，但他们坚持下来，希望能够有所改善。

3. Jack was laid up with a twisted knee（膝盖扭伤）and couldn’t play in the final game（决赛）. (lay) 杰克因为膝盖扭伤而卧床休养，不能参加决赛了。

4. You’ll have to speed up --- they are gaining on us! (gain) 你必须加速了---他们正在逼近我们！

5. The strong north wind kicked up a dust storm（沙尘暴）that lasted for almost a week. (kick) 强烈的北风使沙尘暴席卷而来，持续了一周。

6. All the lights suddenly went off and the house was plunged into darkness（陷入一片漆黑）. (go) 所有的灯突然熄灭了，房屋一片漆黑。

7. I’m driving into town so I can drop you off（让……下车）on the way. (drop) 我要开车去这里，可以在路上让你下车。

8. A group of accountants（会计）were brought into the firm to straighten out its finances（清理财务）. (straighten) 一群会计被带到公司来清理财务。

Cloze

Alex Haley was at sea (1) when he started thinking how best he could mark Thanksgiving. Turning over (2) the meaning of the holiday in his mind, he came to reverse (3) the order of the words and got to (4) thinking about giving thanks. How, he wondered, could he repay (5) those who had been so helpful to him in the past? It seemed to him that the best way he could express his gratitude (6) would be to write to them. For too long he had gone about without troubling to tell how much he appreciated all that they had done for him. Before long he had assembled (7) pen and paper and was immersed in (8) writing. Not long after the ship reached port, people started unloading (9) its cargo together with his letters. The replies were not swift (10) in arriving, but when they did, he found them deeply moving.

Alex Haley出海的时候开始思考如何度过感恩节才最有意义。在头脑中反复思考这个节日的含义，他把这个词的顺序颠倒过来，开始思考如何表达感激。他

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想怎样才能回报那些回去帮助他的那些人呢？看起来能够表达感激的最佳方式就是写信给他们。长久以来他都一直告诉自己他是多么感激他们为他所做的一切。然后他找到了笔和纸，专心写信。在船到达港口不就之后，人们开始卸货和来信。这些信回复的并不算很快，但收到信的时候，他感到这些信如此感人。

I had only known Johnsy for a few months when she fell victim to（成为…受害者）the disease. We had met in May and, finding ourselves so much in tune (1), had set up home together. Then, in November, she became ill. Scarcely (2) able to speak in a whisper (3), she seemed unable to cling to (4) life. It was such a change. Before she had always been so lively and merry (5). Now she just sat up (6) in bed, staring out of the window. She had this strange belief that once the last leaf on the vine outside fell. She would die. I told her it was all nonsense (7), but to no effect. It was our downstairs neighbor, Mr. Behrman, who came to her rescue. When he heard of Johnny’s strange fancy (8) he flew into a fierce temper（勃然大怒）, regarding it as a sin (9) that one so young should give up life so easily. Thanks to Behrman, the last leaf never did fall. Late at night he had climbed up and painted the leaf on the wall. It was his long-promised masterpiece (10). 我认识Johnsy几个月后她就生病了。我们是在五月相识的，发现我们有很多共同之处，我们住在一起。在十一月，她生病了。几乎不能低声说话，她看起来对生活好不留恋。她的变化如此直达。之前她还是那样的活泼与快乐。现在她坐在床上，盯着窗外看。她的想法很奇怪：一旦常青藤上的最后一片叶子落下来，她就死了。我告诉她不要胡说，但没用。

我们楼下的Behrman先生来救她了。当他听说Johnsy的胡思乱想，他勃然大怒，他认为如此年轻就轻易放弃生命是一种罪过。

多亏了Behrman, 最后一片叶子没有落下。晚上晚些时候，他爬上墙在那里画了一片树叶。这是他长久以来所承诺的杰作。

It’s been a long day and I’m glad to be back home and get the weight off my feet (1). Not that I’ve finished yet, there are still all those orders (订单) to type up and I must remember to add my signature (2) to my claim (索取) for commission (3) before I post it off. Otherwise, my firm will be on the phone (4) to me about it. Not that they have much to complain about. I always manage to sell quite a lot, except that time I was laid up (5) after surgery (6). I’m the only representative the firm has out on the streets nowadays and I still manage to cover a large territory (7) despite my disorder (8). It’s hard work and long hours, no time to linger in bed in the mornings. Yet, I’ve never regretted applying for (9) the job all those years ago. Supporting myself enables me to keep my dignity (10). 这是很漫长的一天，我很高兴能回到家里，感到如释重负。我并未完成工作，还有那些订单需要打印，我还要记得加上我的签名，把它寄出这样才能拿到佣金。 否则，公司将会打电话给我询问。他们也没什么可抱怨的。我总是设法大量推销， 除了那次手术过后卧床休养。如今我是这件公司唯一一个在大街上进行销售的代表，尽管神经失调，我仍旧设法去更大的区域推销。这份工作不易，耗时又长，早晨没时间赖在床上。然而，对于很多年前申请这份工作我从未感到遗憾。养活自己使我能够保持尊严。

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Recitation

The Reverend Nelson wrote that his decades as a “simple, old-fashioned principal” had ended with schools undergoing such swift changes that he had retired in self-doubt. “I heard more of what I had done wrong than what I did right,” he said, adding that my letter had brought him welcome reassurance that his career had been appreciated.

A glance at Grandma’s familiar handwriting brought back in a flash memories of standing alongside her white rocking chair, watching her “setting down” some letter to relatives. Character by character, Grandma would slowly accomplish one word, then the next, so that a finished page would consume hours. I wept over the page representing my Grandma’s recent hours invested in expressing her loving gratefulness to me — whom she used to diaper!

纳尔逊牧师写道，他那平凡的老派校长的岁月随着学校里发生的如此迅猛的变化而告结束，他也怀着自我怀疑的心态退了休。“说我做得不对的远远多于说我做得对的，”他写道，接着又说我的信给他带来了令人振奋的信心：自己的校长生涯还是有价值的。

一看到外祖母那熟悉的笔迹，我顿时回想起往日站在她的白色摇椅旁看她给亲戚写信的情景。外祖母一个字母一个字母地慢慢拼出一个词，接着再写下一个词，因此写满一页要花上几个小时，外祖母最近花费不少工夫对我表达了充满慈爱的谢意，读着老人家的信我禁不住流泪---从前是她给我换尿布的呀！

Old Behrman was a painter who lived on the ground floor beneath them. He was past sixty and had a long white beard curling down over his chest. Despite looking the part, Behrman was a failure in art. For forty years he had been always about to paint a masterpiece, but had never yet begun it. He earned a little by serving as a model to those young artists who could not pay the price of a professional. He drank gin to excess, and still talked of his coming masterpiece. For the rest he was a fierce little old man, who mocked terribly at softness in any one, and who regarded himself as guard dog to the two young artists in the studio above.

Sue found Behrman smelling strongly of gin in his dimly lighted studio below. In one corner was a blank canvas on an easel (that had been waiting there for twenty-five years to receive the first line of the masterpiece). She told him of Johnsy’s fancy, and how she feared she would,( indeed, light and fragile as a leaf herself, ) float away, when her slight hold upon the world grew weaker. Old Behrman, with his red eyes plainly streaming, shouted his contempt for such foolish imaginings.

老贝尔曼是住在两人楼下底层的一个画家。他已年过六旬，银白色卷曲的长须垂挂胸前。贝尔曼看上去挺像艺术家，但在艺术上却没什么成就。40年来他一直想创作一幅传世之作，却始终没能动手。他给那些请不起职业模特的青年画家当模特挣点小钱。他没节制地喝酒，谈论着他那即将问世的不朽之作。要说其他方面，他是个好斗的小老头，要是谁表现出一点软弱，他便大肆嘲笑，并把自己看成是楼上画室里两位年轻艺术家的看护人。

苏在楼下光线暗淡的画室里找到了贝尔曼，他满身酒味刺鼻。屋子一角的画架上支着一张从未落过笔的画布，在那儿搁置了25年，等着一幅杰作的起笔。苏把约翰西的怪念头跟他说了，还说约翰西本人就像一片叶子又瘦又弱，她害怕

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要是她那本已脆弱的生存意志再软下去的话，真的会凋零飘落。老贝尔曼双眼通红，显然是泪涟涟的，他大声叫嚷着说他蔑视这种傻念头。

His mind was trapped in a body that didn’t work. Speaking was difficult and took time. People were impatient and didn’t listen. He felt different — was different — from the kids who rushed about in the halls and planned dances he would never attend.

What could his future be? Porter wanted to do something and his mother was certain that he could rise above his limitations. With her encouragement, he applied for a job with the Fuller Brush Co. only to be turned down. He couldn’t

Porter knew he wanted to be a salesman. He began reading help wanted ads in the newspaper. When he saw one for Watkins, a company that sold household products door-to-door, his mother set up a meeting with a representative. The man said no, but Porter wouldn’t listen. He just wanted a chance. The man gave in and offered Porter a section of the city that no salesman wanted.

他由于身体不能正常运行而使脑子无法充分发挥其功能。他说话困难，而且慢，别人不耐烦，不听他说。他觉得自己不同于---事实上也确实不同于---那些在过道里东奔西跑的孩子，那些孩子安排的舞会他永远也不可能参加。

他将来会是什么样子呢？波特想做些事，母亲也相信他能冲破身体的局限，在她的鼓励之下，他向富勒牙刷公司申请一份工作，结果却遭到拒绝，他不能提样品包，也不能跑一条推销线路，他们说。

波特知道自己想当推销员。他开始阅读报纸上的招聘广告，他看到沃特金斯，一家上门推销家用物品的公司要人，他母亲就跟其代理人安排会面。那人说不行，可波特就是不听。他只需要一个机会，那人让步了，把城里一个其他销售员都不要的区域派给了他。

Translation

1) 奶奶想当然地认为粮价要涨，所以买了许多大米。(take sth. for granted) Grandma took it for granted that rice prices would soar, so she bought a lot of them. 2）我可以给你引用几个例子来说明她献身科学的精神。(quote, instance) I can quote you several instances of her dedication to science.

3）20世纪80年代中国一些经济特区开始迅速发展起来。(see, swift)

The 1980s saw the start of the swift development of some special economic zones in China.

4）两国关系的紧张部分是由最近的间谍事件引起的。(in part)

Tension between the two countries stemmed in part from the latest spy affair.

5）彼得已经在一家律师事务所当了多年律师。你可考虑请他做你的律师，当你需要法律援助时，有他代你行事。(on sb’s behalf)

Peter has worked in a law firm for many years. You can consider having him as your lawyer to act on your behalf when you need legal help.

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1) 这座红房子在参天古树的映衬下十分夺目。(stand out)

The red house stands out against the old trees that reach high up to the sky.

2) 我的新工作薪酬很高，但是其他方面我并不满意。(for the rest) The salary for my new job is great, but for the rest, I’m not satisfied.

3) 两条溪流的水在我们村子附近汇合了。(mingle) The waters of the two streams mingle near our village.

4) 我们不应该嘲笑别人的宗教信仰。

We should not mock at other people’s religious beliefs.

5) 这间房子的窗帘同家具的风格不太协调。

The curtains of the room are not quite in tune with the style of the furniture.

1) 昨天半夜我听到脚步声在过道里回荡，心里害怕极了。(echo)

I grew terribly scared when I heard sound of footsteps echoing round the hallway at midnight yesterday.

2) 这些名牌运动鞋包穿12个月。(guarantee)

The name-brand sports shoes are guaranteed for 12 months. 3) 雪暴使交通陷入混乱。(disorder)

Snowstorms threw communications and transportation into disorder. 4) 我最近工作压力很大。我想去海边度假。(feel like sth./doing sth.)

I’ve been suffering a lot of stress from work lately. I feel like taking a vacation at the seaside.

5）住公寓不错，但有其局限---比如说，没有自家花园。(limitation)

Living in an apartment is all right, but it has its limitations --- for example, you don’t have your own garden.

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