高考英语必备常用词组

热点短语动词归纳

break away 突然逃掉或离开 The man broke away from his guards. 断绝往来，脱离， 和-----决裂 He tried to break away from me. 改掉（习惯），破除旧法 I should break away from such habit. break down

(机器、车辆等)坏了 We are sorry to arrive late, but the car broke down. (计划，谈话等)失败，坚持不下去 All our plans broke down. （身体）跨了，感情控制不住（哭起来了） His health broke down.

She broke down and cried.

（谈话、通讯等）中断 The conversation broke down at this point. 分解，分化 After many years, rocks break down into dirt. break in

强行进入，突然进来 He broke in and stole my money.

A stranger broke in on the meeting without knocking. 插嘴，打岔，插话，打断……说

Don’t keep breaking in with your remarks.

break into

强行进入，破门而入 We had to break into the house as we had lost the key.

1． 突然……，一下子…… He broke into songs.

break off

突然停止，中断谈判 They broke off their conversation. 断绝（关系），解除（婚约） She broke off with her best friend. 停止（工作，休息一会儿） Let’s break off (work) and have some tea. break out

爆发 A war broke out the following year. 突然发生（争吵，疾病等） The quarrel broke out. 突然（大声……） He broke out laughing. break through

突破，打通，穿透

The crowd broke through the lines of police.

It was a cloudy day, but the sun at last broke through. break up

散（会），驱散（群众等） After midnight, the party broke up.

The police broke up the fight.

(中小学学期)结束，停课放假（制教长的假期），散学 We break up on July 25th. 分开，分散，拆散 The two friends broke up.

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burn down烧毁 A fire burned the house down.

2． burn out 烧坏，烧光，烧完（燃料）The factory (was) completely burnt out.

burn up 烧掉，烧毁；烧旺起来 He burned up all the old letters.

bring about 引起，实现，造成

This failure has been brought about by your own carelessness. bring back 带回来，归还

If you’re going the market please bring me back some eggs.

bring down 击落，使降落，使倒下，使倒台，打倒；使降低，使减少

The pilot brought the plane down.

The manager has agreed to bring down the cost of several goods. bring forward 提出

Please bring the matter forward at the next meeting.

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bring in 有收入， 赚得钱，收获庄稼 The boys are bringing in $60 a week. bring on 引起，使发生 Dirt often brings on disease. bring out

显示出来，（使）表现出来，讲解清楚

Use the following words in sentences to bring out their meanings.

出版，生产，提出 He brought out a new play. bring up

提出 Why bring that up again?

抚养大，教养Joe was born in America but brought up in England. 呕吐 He was so ill that he brought up everything.

call at (1) 拜访, 访问 call at someplace

(2) (船, 列车) 等停靠. The train called at every station. call back (1) 叫……回来 call sb. Back

(2 ) 回某人电话call you back after supper/ call back later

call for (1) 去接某人，去拿某物call for you at 6 o’clock / call for the books (2) 要求，需要call for more men (3) 大声呼叫call for help 4． call in (1) 叫……进来call Xiao Li in

(2) 召来，邀请call in a doctor= send for a doctor

(3) 命令收回，请求交还The library is calling in all books that are overdue.

call off (1) 取消，停止call off the trip

(2) 喊走，把……叫走Please call off the dog; it’s barking at the children. call on (1) 拜访某人call on sb.

(2) 要求，号召，呼吁call on sb for sth/ to do sth.

I’ll now call on Tom for an answer .= I’ll call on Tom to answer.

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call out (1) 叫喊call out for help

The drowning boy called out and everybody rushed to his rescue. (2) 命令……行动，召唤……行动The fire brigade was called out twice yesterday. call up (1) 打电话给……call me up tomorrow

(2) 使人想起，使回忆起Your letter calls up the days we worked together. (3) 征召入伍Tom was called up in August,2004.

carry about随身携带

carry away (1)拿走，搬走 Let’s carry away the rubbish.

(2) 抢走，冲走The invaders carried away blots of cattle. (3) 吸引住某人The audience was carried away by her songs.

carry back (1) 将……送回原地，拿回来Please carry the books back.

(2) 使人回忆起……The sight of the place carried her back to her childhood. carry off (1) 拿走，运走= carry away

(2) 赢得，夺去，叨走She carried off the first prize in the contest. 5． carry on (1) 继续=continue carry on+ n./ doing sth.

Carry on (with) your work.

Despite all the noise, he carried on reading. (2) 经营= manage

What business did he carry on before liberation?

carry out 实施，执行

carry out one’s duty/ one’s promise/ the instructions/ experiments .etc carry through (1) 达成目的，贯彻执行carry a plan through to the end

(2) 使人度过（困难/危机等）Their courage carried them through (the crisis).

come about产生，发生，=happen，有时用it作主语，后跟that从句

How did it come about that you failed to turn up in time yesterday?

come across 偶然遇见/发现

come along (1) 赶快Come along. It’s nearly 12 o’clock.

(2) 进行，进展，健康转好How is your work coming along? He was coming along well after the operation. 6． (3)随同 Come along with me for a walk.

come around/ round 随兴来访 Can I come around to your place tonight? come at (1) 到达Put the medicine where children can’t come at it. (2) 袭击The man came at me with a big stick. come back (1) 回来。

(2) 忆起人或事It suddenly came back to me where I had seen the man before. (3) 恢复，复活

come by (1) 经过

(2) 得到Good jobs are not so easy to come by these days.

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come down (1) 降下,下来，（飞机）着陆，下（雨雪等） (2)物价跌落，费用降低

(3) （风俗习惯，传说）传下来come down from

These customs have come down to us through many a generation

come off (1)从……脱落（掉落）

(2) 举行，进行When does the concert come off?

come out (1)出来，出现，（花）开，发（芽）

(2) 真相大白，出版，出售The new facts came out through the investigation.

When is the new model coming out?

(3) 明了，清楚表达（意思）The meaning of his story didn’t come out well. (4) （相片）照得鲜明She always comes out well in the photographs. (5)结果是…… ( + well/ right/ wrong) Great! You’ve come out in the top three.

come through (1) 度过（疾病、危机）He came through his operation. (2) 消息到达，某人用电话联络过来

come to (1)来到

(2) 变成（某种状态，阶段），谈到When it comes to tennis, you can’t beat her. (3) 苏醒= come to oneself

come up (1) 上升，从乡下上城市come up to Beijing (2) 地位提升或提高

(3) （话题等）被提出讨论；（价格、温度的）上升；从土中长出（发芽）

come upon (1) 偶然遇见，发现 (2) （坏事）降临

come up to (1) 走到……跟前He came up to me, smiling.

(2) 达到某个水准His new book doesn’t come up to his previous ones. come up with (1)追上，赶上

(2) （口）想出（计划等）You’ve come up with a good idea.

cut across 取捷径穿越…… We cut across the field to save time.

cut away (1)切下……，砍掉…… Why don’t you cut away the dead branches from

that tree?

cut down (1) 砍倒，砍伐The apple tree was dead and he cut it down. (2) 缩减The car industry cut down production.

7． (3) 使人减价I managed to cut the shopkeeper down to 200 yuan for the watch.

cut in (1) 插嘴Don’t cut in on our conversation. cut off (1)切断（电力，煤气，自来水等）

(2) 在通话中切断人的对话 We were cut off just when we were connected and

said hello.

(3) 使人或城镇孤立 The village was cut off by the heavy snow.

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cut out (1) 切下，剪下cut out an article from a newspaper (2) 裁剪衣服，辟出道路

(3) 删除cut out the first two chapters.

(4) 停止…… He cut out alcohol on the doctor’s advice. cut up (1)切碎＝ cut sth. into pieces

(2)（口） 使（某人）全身是伤；（精神性的）折磨（某人）

He was really cut up when all his friends refused to help him.

die away （声音、光线、风等）渐弱、渐息 The wind has died away again. die down（声音）静下来；（火、兴奋、光线等）渐息 The noise died down.

8． die from 因…而致死 He died from a wound.

die of 因（患）…而死 His sister had died of cancer.

die off （家族、种等）相继死亡；（草木）先后枯死 die out 绝种；（习惯、做法等）消失，过时

drink down (一下子)喝下去 His mother got him to drink the medicine down.

9． drink in 凝神倾听 drink in every word of one’s lecture

陶醉于 drink in the beautiful view

吸进去 The thirty plants drank in the welcome rain.

drink to 为……干杯 drink to sb. / the future drink up 喝干净、喝完 Children, drink up your milk.

drive at (用于进行时) 想说 What on earth are you driving at ?

10． 朝着……努力The factory must drive at the increased production this year.

drive away 赶走……；驱散…… drive away the news reporters/ the feeling of sadness drive home把……彻底讲清 This will help drive home the meaning of the new words.

drive into把……灌输给 Can’t you drive some manners into the boy?

迫使……干…… It will drive him into a nervous breakdown. drive off 驱车离开；驾车送走 drive sb. off in a car 把……赶走 drive off the enemy / the disease （高尔夫球）发球Who is to drive off first?

drop back 后退 The soldiers dropped back before the enemy’s attack.

下降 Production has dropped back.

11． 用车送回Father dropped me back at the dormitory last night.

drop behind 落后于 He dropped behind the other runners.

拖延；推迟His payments of rent often drop behind.

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put aside 放在一边 She put her needlework aside and we had a talk. 存蓄 John puts ten dollars aside every week. put away 收拾起来Put your books away. 存蓄 I’ll have to put something away for my retirement. put back 放还原处 Put the dictionary back on the shelf. put down 放下 Put down that knife before you hurt somebody. 写下来Please put down the following facts. put forward 提出 put forward a suggestion

put off 推迟，延期 They put off the picnic because of the rain.

关掉（无线电等）We forgot to put off the radio before we went out. 23．put on 穿上 I order you to put on a jacket. 上演，演出Put on a fine performance. 开（灯）等I’ll put the light on.

增加 put on weight 长胖

put out 扑灭 He put the fire out. Put the cart before the horse.本末倒置

put through 接通电话 Can you put me through to Mr Brow’s office? 使经历（难受的事）You’ve put him through a lot of pain.

put up 举起（手） Put up your hand if you think you know the answer. 修建 We must put up a tent here.

张贴 Put up a notice.

住宿 We put up for the night at a farmhouse.

提出（建议等） He’s going to put up another proposal at the meeting.

put up with 忍受，容忍 I suppose I must put up with my loss. send for 派人去请/取… send for a doctor / a taxi send off 寄出;给…送行 I sent the letter off last week.

send to bed (因病或不听话)让上床 You’d better send him to bed and call the doctor. send up发射… 使(物价、温度等)上升；递交

take after 长得像,性格等像 The boy takes after his father.

take…as… 看作,认为 Can we take it as agreed that we accept the plan? take ..for (to be)….(错)当作,以为是

take on 接受,从事，承担 take on the work/ the responsibilities 25． 雇佣 take on 20 workers 上(客/货),让上车 take on passengers 开始具有,呈现 take on a new look; take on a different meaning 变得风行,被大家接受 The fashion for long skirts didn’t take on for some time.

take over 接替;接管 take over the job

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24．send out 发出(光亮等) The sun sends out light and heat.

take up 拿起；拾起 take up arms / a wallet 搭载（乘客）take up passengers

选修 / 开始学习(某课程) take up physics

从事某种活动,发展某种爱好 take up writing / swimming 开始(做某项工作)take up the task 占用(时间/空间) take up too much room

继续(中断的话)；接下去take up the story

改小（衣服等） The sleeves require taking up an inch.

turn away 撵走, 拒不接受 Hundreds of people were turned away from the concert. turn down 拒绝 turn down the suggestion

关小，调低 turn down the radio

(被)向下翻转 turn down the collar / The collar turns down.

turn in 交上去 turn in a good history paper

交给警察,向…告发 She turned the escaped prisoner in to the police. 上床睡觉 I usually turn in at about 11 o’clock.

turn on / off 开/关(灯)

turn out 关掉 turn out the light

生产,造就(人才) The college turns out a hundred teachers a year.

移交 He turned over the business to his son. 翻身turn over in bed

26． 结果是 The exam turned out to be easy.

turn over

仔细考虑 He turned over the problem for hours

翻阅，翻过（书页）I wasn’t really reading, just turning over the pages. turn to 找…帮忙 turn to me (for help)

turn up

wear down 使……慢慢磨损/消蚀 He worn down the point of the pencil. 27. wear out 使耗尽、穿坏 The long walk worn the children out

wear on vi. （时间）消逝、过去 = pass / go on

查阅 turn to the reference books

到场,出现 （被）发现The lost papers have turned up. 发生 Something will turn up to get you out of the difficulty. 把音量开大 turn up the radio

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