比尔盖茨在哈佛大学演讲(中英对照版)

比尔盖茨在哈佛大学演讲

President Bok, former President Rudenstine, incoming President Faust,

members of the Harvard Corporation and the Board of Overseers, members of

the faculty, parents, and especially, the graduates:

尊敬的Bok校长，Rudenstine前校长，即将上任的Faust校长，哈佛集团的各位成员，监管理事会的各位I've been waiting more than 30 years to say this: "Dad, I always told you

I'd come back and get my degree."

有一句话我等了三十年，现在终于可以说了：“老爸，我总是跟你说，我会回来拿到我的学位的！”

I want to thank Harvard for this timely honor. I'll be changing my job next

year … and it will be nice to finally have a college degree on my resume.

我要感谢哈佛大学在这个时候给我这个荣誉。明年，我就要换工作了（注：指从微软公司退休）……我I applaud the graduates today for taking a much more direct route to your

degrees. For my part, I'm just happy that the Crimson has called me

Harvard's most successful dropout. I guess that makes me valedictorian of

my own special class … I did the best of everyone who failed.

我为今天在座的各位同学感到高兴，你们拿到学位可比我简单多了。哈佛的校报称我是“哈佛大学历史But I also want to be recognized as the guy who got Steve Ballmer to drop

out of business school. I'm a bad influence. That's why I was invited to

speak at your graduation. If I had spoken at your orientation, fewer of you

might be here today.

但是，我还要提醒大家，我使得Steve Ballmer（注：微软总经理）也从哈佛商学院退学了。因此，我是Harvard was just a phenomenal experience for me. Academic life was

fascinating. I used to sit in on lots of classes I hadn't even signed up

for. And dorm life was terrific. I lived up at Radcliffe, in Currier House.

There were always lots of people in my dorm room late at night discussing

things, because everyone knew I didn't worry about getting up in the

morning. That's how I came to be the leader of the anti-social group. We

clung to each other as a way of validating our rejection of all those social

people.

对我来说，哈佛的求学经历是一段非凡的经历。校园生活很有趣，我常去旁听我没选修的课。哈佛的课Radcliffe was a great place to live. There were more women up there, and

most of the guys were science-math types. That combination offered me the

best odds, if you know what I mean. This is where I learned the sad lesson

that improving your odds doesn't guarantee success.

Radcliffe是个过日子的好地方。那里的女生比男生多，而且大多数男生都是理工科的。这种状况为我创One of my biggest memories of Harvard came in January 1975, when I made a

call from Currier House to a company in Albuquerque that had begun making

the world's first personal computers. I offered to sell them software.

我在哈佛最难忘的回忆之一，发生在1975年1月。那时，我从宿舍楼里给位于Albuquerque的一家公司打I worried that they would realize I was just a student in a dorm and hang up

on me. Instead they said: "We're not quite ready, come see us in a month,"

which was a good thing, because we hadn't written the software yet. From

that moment, I worked day and night on this little extra credit project that

marked the end of my college education and the beginning of a remarkable

journey with Microsoft.

我很担心，他们会发觉我是一个住在宿舍的学生，从而挂断电话。但是他们却说：“我们还没准备好，What I remember above all about Harvard was being in the midst of so much

energy and intelligence. It could be exhilarating, intimidating, sometimes

even discouraging, but always challenging. It was an amazing privilege –

and though I left early, I was transformed by my years at Harvard, the

friendships I made, and the ideas I worked on.

不管怎样，我对哈佛的回忆主要都与充沛的精力和智力活动有关。哈佛的生活令人愉快，也令人感到有But taking a serious look back … I do have one big regret.

但是，如果现在严肃地回忆起来，我确实有一个真正的遗憾。

I left Harvard with no real awareness of the awful inequities in the

world – the appalling disparities of health, and wealth, and opportunity

that condemn millions of people to lives of despair.

我离开哈佛的时候，根本没有意识到这个世界是多么的不平等。人类在健康、财富和机遇上的不平等大I learned a lot here at Harvard about new ideas in economics and politics. I

got great exposure to the advances being made in the sciences.

我在哈佛学到了很多经济学和政治学的新思想。我也了解了很多科学上的新进展。

But humanity's greatest advances are not in its discoveries – but in how

those discoveries are applied to reduce inequity. Whether through democracy,

strong public education, quality health care, or broad economic

opportunity – reducing inequity is the highest human achievement.

但是，人类最大的进步并不来自于这些发现，而是来自于那些有助于减少人类不平等的发现。不管通过I left campus knowing little about the millions of young people cheated out

of educational opportunities here in this country. And I knew nothing about

the millions of people living in unspeakable poverty and disease in

developing countries.

我离开校园的时候，根本不知道在这个国家里，有几百万的年轻人无法获得接受教育的机会。我也不知It took me decades to find out.

我花了几十年才明白了这些事情。

You graduates came to Harvard at a different time. You know more about the

world's inequities than the classes that came before. In your years here, I

hope you've had a chance to think about how – in this age of accelerating

technology – we can finally take on these inequities, and we can solve

them.

在座的各位同学，你们是在与我不同的时代来到哈佛的。你们比以前的学生，更多地了解世界是怎样的Imagine, just for the sake of discussion, that you had a few hours a week

and a few dollars a month to donate to a cause – and you wanted to spend

that time and money where it would have the greatest impact in saving and

improving lives. Where would you spend it?

为了讨论的方便，请想象一下，假如你每个星期可以捐献一些时间、每个月可以捐献一些钱——你希望For Melinda and for me, the challenge is the same: how can we do the most

good for the greatest number with the resources we have.

对Melinda（注：盖茨的妻子）和我来说，这也是我们面临的问题：我们如何能将我们拥有的资源发挥出During our discussions on this question, Melinda and I read an article about

the millions of children who were dying every year in poor countries from

diseases that we had long ago made harmless in this country. Measles,

malaria, pneumonia, hepatitis B, yellow fever. One disease I had never even

heard of, rotavirus, was killing half a million kids each year – none of

them in the United States.

在讨论过程中，Melinda和我读到了一篇文章，里面说在那些贫穷的国家，每年有数百万的儿童死于那些We were shocked. We had just assumed that if millions of children were dying

and they could be saved, the world would make it a priority to discover and

deliver the medicines to save them. But it did not. For under a dollar,

there were interventions that could save lives that just weren't being

delivered.

我们被震惊了。我们想，如果几百万儿童正在死亡线上挣扎，而且他们是可以被挽救的，那么世界理应If you believe that every life has equal value, it's revolting to learn that

some lives are seen as worth saving and others are not. We said to

ourselves: "This can't be true. But if it is true, it deserves to be the

priority of our giving."

如果你相信每个生命都是平等的，那么当你发现某些生命被挽救了，而另一些生命被放弃了，你会感到So we began our work in the same way anyone here would begin it. We asked:

How could the world let these children die?

所以，我们用任何人都会想到的方式开始工作。我们问：“这个世界怎么可以眼睁睁看着这些孩子死去The answer is simple, and harsh. The market did not reward saving the lives

of these children, and governments did not subsidize it. So the children

died because their mothers and their fathers had no power in the market and

no voice in the system.

答案很简单，也很令人难堪。在市场经济中，拯救儿童是一项没有利润的工作，政府也不会提供补助。But you and I have both.

但是，你们和我在经济上有实力，在政治上能够发出声音。

We can make market forces work better for the poor if we can develop a more

creative capitalism – if we can stretch the reach of market forces so that

more people can make a profit, or at least make a living, serving people who

are suffering from the worst inequities. We also can press governments

around the world to spend taxpayer money in ways that better reflect the

values of the people who pay the taxes.

我们可以让市场更好地为穷人服务，如果我们能够设计出一种更有创新性的资本主义制度——如果我们If we can find approaches that meet the needs of the poor in ways that

generate profits for business and votes for politicians, we will have found

a sustainable way to reduce inequity in the world. This task is open-ended.

It can never be finished. But a conscious effort to answer this challenge

will change the world.

如果我们能够找到这样一种方法，既可以帮到穷人，又可以为商人带来利润，为政治家带来选票，那么I am optimistic that we can do this, but I talk to skeptics who claim there

is no hope. They say: "Inequity has been with us since the beginning, and

will be with us till the end – because people just … don't … care." I

completely disagree.

在这个问题上，我是乐观的。但是，我也遇到过那些感到绝望的怀疑主义者。他们说：“不平等从人类I believe we have more caring than we know what to do with.

我相信，问题不是我们不在乎，而是我们不知道怎么做。

All of us here in this Yard, at one time or another, have seen human

tragedies that broke our hearts, and yet we did nothing – not because we

didn't care, but because we didn't know what to do. If we had known how to

help, we would have acted.

此刻在这个院子里的所有人，生命中总有这样或那样的时刻，目睹人类的悲剧，感到万分伤心。但是我The barrier to change is not too little caring; it is too much complexity.

改变世界的阻碍，并非人类的冷漠，而是世界实在太复杂。

To turn caring into action, we need to see a problem, see a solution, and

see the impact. But complexity blocks all three steps.

为了将关心转变为行动，我们需要找到问题，发现解决办法的方法，评估后果。但是世界的复杂性使得Even with the advent of the Internet and 24-hour news, it is still a complex

enterprise to get people to truly see the problems. When an airplane

crashes, officials immediately call a press conference. They promise to

investigate, determine the cause, and prevent similar crashes in the future.

即使有了互联网和24小时直播的新闻台，让人们真正发现问题所在，仍然十分困难。当一架飞机坠毁了But if the officials were brutally honest, they would say: "Of all the

people in the world who died today from preventable causes, one half of one

percent of them were on this plane. We're determined to do everything

possible to solve the problem that took the lives of the one half of one

percent."

但是如果那些官员敢说真话，他们就会说：“在今天这一天，全世界所有可以避免的死亡之中，只有0. The bigger problem is not the plane crash, but the millions of preventable

deaths.

显然，更重要的问题不是这次空难，而是其他几百万可以预防的死亡事件。

We don't read much about these deaths. The media covers what's new – and

millions of people dying is nothing new. So it stays in the background,

where it's easier to ignore. But even when we do see it or read about it,

it's difficult to keep our eyes on the problem. It's hard to look at

suffering if the situation is so complex that we don't know how to help. And

so we look away.

我们并没有很多机会了解那些死亡事件。媒体总是报告新闻，几百万人将要死去并非新闻。如果没有人If we can really see a problem, which is the first step, we come to the

second step: cutting through the complexity to find a solution.

就算我们真正发现了问题所在，也不过是迈出了第一步，接着还有第二步：那就是从复杂的事件中找到Finding solutions is essential if we want to make the most of our caring. If

we have clear and proven answers anytime an organization or individual asks

How can I help?, then we can get action – and we can make sure that none

of the caring in the world is wasted. But complexity makes it hard to mark a

path of action for everyone who cares — and that makes it hard for their

caring to matter.

如果我们要让关心落到实处，我们就必须找到解决办法。如果我们有一个清晰的和可靠的答案，那么当Cutting through complexity to find a solution runs through four predictable

stages: determine a goal, find the highest-leverage approach, discover the

ideal technology for that approach, and in the meantime, make the smartest

application of the technology that you already have — whether it's

something sophisticated, like a drug, or something simpler, like a bednet.

从这个复杂的世界中找到解决办法，可以分为四个步骤：确定目标，找到最高效的方法，发现适用于这The AIDS epidemic offers an example. The broad goal, of course, is to end

the disease. The highest-leverage approach is prevention. The ideal

technology would be a vaccine that gives lifetime immunity with a single

dose. So governments, drug companies, and foundations fund vaccine research.

But their work is likely to take more than a decade, so in the meantime, we

have to work with what we have in hand – and the best prevention approach

we have now is getting people to avoid risky behavior.

艾滋病就是一个例子。总的目标，毫无疑问是消灭这种疾病。最高效的方法是预防。最理想的技术是发Pursuing that goal starts the four-step cycle again. This is the pattern.

The crucial thing is to never stop thinking and working – and never do what

we did with malaria and tuberculosis in the 20th century – which is to

surrender to complexity and quit.

要实现这个新的目标，又可以采用新的四步循环。这是一种模式。关键的东西是永远不要停止思考和行The final step – after seeing the problem and finding an approach – is to

measure the impact of your work and share your successes and failures so

that others learn from your efforts.

在发现问题和找到解决方法之后，就是最后一步——评估工作结果，将你的成功经验或者失败经验传播You have to have the statistics, of course. You have to be able to show that

a program is vaccinating millions more children. You have to be able to show

a decline in the number of children dying from these diseases. This is

essential not just to improve the program, but also to help draw more

investment from business and government.

当然，你必须有一些统计数字。你必须让他人知道，你的项目为几百万儿童新接种了疫苗。你也必须让But if you want to inspire people to participate, you have to show more than

numbers; you have to convey the human impact of the work – so people can

feel what saving a life means to the families affected.

但是，这些还不够，如果你想激励其他人参加你的项目，你就必须拿出更多的统计数字；你必须展示你I remember going to Davos some years back and sitting on a global health

panel that was discussing ways to save millions of lives. Millions! Think of

the thrill of saving just one person's life – then multiply that by

millions. … Yet this was the most boring panel I've ever been on – ever.

So boring even I couldn't bear it.

几年前，我去瑞士达沃斯旁听一个全球健康问题论坛，会议的内容有关于如何拯救几百万条生命。天哪What made that experience especially striking was that I had just come from

an event where we were introducing version 13 of some piece of software, and

we had people jumping and shouting with excitement. I love getting people

excited about software – but why can't we generate even more excitement for

saving lives?

那次经历之所以让我难忘，是因为之前我们刚刚发布了一个软件的第13个版本，我们让观众激动得跳了You can't get people excited unless you can help them see and feel the

impact. And how you do that – is a complex question.

除非你能够让人们看到或者感受到行动的影响力，否则你无法让人们激动。如何做到这一点，并不是一Still, I'm optimistic. Yes, inequity has been with us forever, but the new

tools we have to cut through complexity have not been with us forever. They

are new – they can help us make the most of our caring – and that's why

the future can be different from the past.

同前面一样，在这个问题上，我依然是乐观的。不错，人类的不平等有史以来一直存在，但是那些能够

The defining and ongoing innovations of this age – biotechnology, the

computer, the Internet – give us a chance we've never had before to end

extreme poverty and end death from preventable disease.

这个时代无时无刻不在涌现出新的革新——生物技术，计算机，互联网——它们给了我们一个从未有过Sixty years ago, George Marshall came to this commencement and announced a

plan to assist the nations of post-war Europe. He said: "I think one

difficulty is that the problem is one of such enormous complexity that the

very mass of facts presented to the public by press and radio make it

exceedingly difficult for the man in the street to reach a clear

appraisement of the situation. It is virtually impossible at this distance

to grasp at all the real significance of the situation."

六十年前，乔治·马歇尔也是在这个地方的毕业典礼上，宣布了一个计划，帮助那些欧洲国家的战后建Thirty years after Marshall made his address, as my class graduated without

me, technology was emerging that would make the world smaller, more open,

more visible, less distant.

马歇尔发表这个演讲之后的三十年，我那一届学生毕业，当然我不在其中。那时，新技术刚刚开始萌芽The emergence of low-cost personal computers gave rise to a powerful network

that has transformed opportunities for learning and communicating.

低成本的个人电脑的出现，使得一个强大的互联网有机会诞生，它为学习和交流提供了巨大的机会。The magical thing about this network is not just that it collapses distance

and makes everyone your neighbor. It also dramatically increases the number

of brilliant minds we can have working together on the same problem – and

that scales up the rate of innovation to a staggering degree.

网络的神奇之处，不仅仅是它缩短了物理距离，使得天涯若比邻。它还极大地增加了怀有共同想法的人At the same time, for every person in the world who has access to this

technology, five people don't. That means many creative minds are left out

of this discussion -- smart people with practical intelligence and relevant

experience who don't have the technology to hone their talents or contribute

their ideas to the world.

与此同时，世界上有条件上网的人，只是全部人口的六分之一。这意味着，还有许多具有创造性的人们We need as many people as possible to have access to this technology,

because these advances are triggering a revolution in what human beings can

do for one another. They are making it possible not just for national

governments, but for universities, corporations, smaller organizations, and

even individuals to see problems, see approaches, and measure the impact of

their efforts to address the hunger, poverty, and desperation George

Marshall spoke of 60 years ago.

我们需要尽可能地让更多的人有机会使用新技术，因为这些新技术正在引发一场革命，人类将因此可以Members of the Harvard Family: Here in the Yard is one of the great

collections of intellectual talent in the world.

哈佛是一个大家庭。这个院子里在场的人们，是全世界最有智力的人类群体之一。

What for?

我们可以做些什么？

There is no question that the faculty, the alumni, the students, and the

benefactors of Harvard have used their power to improve the lives of people

here and around the world. But can we do more? Can Harvard dedicate its

intellect to improving the lives of people who will never even hear its

name?

毫无疑问，哈佛的老师、校友、学生和资助者，已经用他们的能力改善了全世界各地人们的生活。但是Let me make a request of the deans and the professors – the intellectual

leaders here at Harvard: As you hire new faculty, award tenure, review

curriculum, and determine degree requirements, please ask yourselves:

请允许我向各位院长和教授，提出一个请求——你们是哈佛的智力领袖，当你们雇用新的老师、授予终Should our best minds be dedicated to solving our biggest problems?

我们最优秀的人才是否在致力于解决我们最大的问题？

Should Harvard encourage its faculty to take on the world's worst

inequities? Should Harvard students learn about the depth of global

poverty … the prevalence of world hunger … the scarcity of clean

water …the girls kept out of school … the children who die from diseases

we can cure?

哈佛是否鼓励她的老师去研究解决世界上最严重的不平等？哈佛的学生是否从全球那些极端的贫穷中学Should the world's most privileged people learn about the lives of the

world's least privileged?

那些世界上过着最优越生活的人们，有没有从那些最困难的人们身上学到东西？

These are not rhetorical questions – you will answer with your policies.

这些问题并非语言上的修辞。你必须用自己的行动来回答它们。

My mother, who was filled with pride the day I was admitted here – never

stopped pressing me to do more for others. A few days before my wedding, she

hosted a bridal event, at which she read aloud a letter about marriage that

she had written to Melinda. My mother was very ill with cancer at the time,

but she saw one more opportunity to deliver her message, and at the close of

the letter she said: "From those to whom much is given, much is expected."

我的母亲在我被哈佛大学录取的那一天，曾经感到非常骄傲。她从没有停止督促我，去为他人做更多的When you consider what those of us here in this Yard have been given – in

talent, privilege, and opportunity – there is almost no limit to what the

world has a right to expect from us.

想一想吧，我们在这个院子里的这些人，被给予过什么——天赋、特权、机遇——那么可以这样说，全In line with the promise of this age, I want to exhort each of the graduates

here to take on an issue – a complex problem, a deep inequity, and become a

specialist on it. If you make it the focus of your career, that would be

phenomenal. But you don't have to do that to make an impact. For a few hours

every week, you can use the growing power of the Internet to get informed,

find others with the same interests, see the barriers, and find ways to cut

through them.

同这个时代的期望一样，我也要向今天各位毕业的同学提出一个忠告：你们要选择一个问题，一个复杂Don't let complexity stop you. Be activists. Take on the big inequities. It

will be one of the great experiences of your lives.

不要让这个世界的复杂性阻碍你前进。要成为一个行动主义者。将解决人类的不平等视为己任。它将成You graduates are coming of age in an amazing time. As you leave Harvard,

you have technology that members of my class never had. You have awareness

of global inequity, which we did not have. And with that awareness, you

likely also have an informed conscience that will torment you if you abandon

these people whose lives you could change with very little effort. You have

more than we had; you must start sooner, and carry on longer.

在座的各位毕业的同学，你们所处的时代是一个神奇的时代。当你们离开哈佛的时候，你们拥有的技术Knowing what you know, how could you not?

知道了你们所知道的一切，你们怎么可能不采取行动呢？

And I hope you will come back here to Harvard 30 years from now and reflect

on what you have done with your talent and your energy. I hope you will

judge yourselves not on your professional accomplishments alone, but also on

how well you have addressed the world's deepest inequities … on how well

you treated people a world away who have nothing in common with you but

their humanity.

我希望，30年后你们还会再回到哈佛，想起你们用自己的天赋和能力所做出的一切。我希望，在那个时Good luck.

最后，祝各位同学好运。

（完）

理事会的各位理事，各位老师，各位家长，各位同学：

拿到我的学位的！”

微软公司退休）……我终于可以在简历上写我有一个本科学位，这真是不错啊。

称我是“哈佛大学历史上最成功的辍学生”。我想这大概使我有资格代表我这一类学生发言……在所有的失败者里，院退学了。因此，我是个有着恶劣影响力的人。这就是为什么我被邀请来在你们的毕业典礼上演讲。如果我在你们没选修的课。哈佛的课外生活也很棒，我在Radcliffe过着逍遥自在的日子。每天我的寝室里总有很多人一直待到半

这种状况为我创造了最好的机会，如果你们明白我的意思。可惜的是，我正是在这里学到了人生中悲querque的一家公司打了一个电话，那家公司已经在着手制造世界上第一台个人电脑。我提出想向他们出售软件。：“我们还没准备好，一个月后你再来找我们吧。”这是个好消息，因为那时软件还根本没有写出来呢。就是从那个人愉快，也令人感到有压力，有时甚至会感到泄气，但永远充满了挑战性。生活在哈佛是一种吸引人的特殊待遇……富和机遇上的不平等大得可怕，它们使得无数的人们被迫生活在绝望之中。

现。不管通过何种手段——民主制度、健全的公共教育体系、高质量的医疗保健、还是广泛的经济

教育的机会。我也不知道，发展中国家里有无数的人们生活在无法形容的贫穷和疾病之中。

多地了解世界是怎样的不平等。在你们的哈佛求学过程中，我希望你们已经思考过一个问题，那就是在这个新技术加捐献一些钱——你希望这些时间和金钱，可以用到对拯救生命和改善人类生活有最大作用的地方。你会选择什么地方我们拥有的资源发挥出最大的作用。

数百万的儿童死于那些在美国早已不成问题的疾病。麻疹、疟疾、肺炎、乙型肝炎、黄热病、还有一种以前我从未

那么世界理应将用药物拯救他们作为头等大事。但是事实并非如此。那些价格还不到一美元的救命

命被放弃了，你会感到无法接受。我们对自己说：“事情不可能如此。如果这是真的，那么它理应是我们努力的头等睁睁看着这些孩子死去？”

政府也不会提供补助。这些儿童之所以会死亡，是因为他们的父母在经济上没有实力，在政治上没有能力发出声音。主义制度——如果我们可以改变市场，让更多的人可以获得利润，或者至少可以维持生活——那么，这就可以帮到那政治家带来选票，那么我们就找到了一种减少世界性不平等的可持续的发展道路。这个任务是无限的。它不可能被完

不平等从人类诞生的第一天就存在，到人类灭亡的最后一天也将存在。——因为人类对这个问题根

感到万分伤心。但是我们什么也没做，并非我们无动于衷，而是因为我们不知道做什么和怎么做。如果我们知道如何但是世界的复杂性使得所有这些步骤都难于做到。

难。当一架飞机坠毁了，官员们会立刻召开新闻发布会，他们承诺进行调查、找到原因、防止将来再次发生类似事故免的死亡之中，只有0.5%的死者来自于这次空难。我们决心尽一切努力，调查这个0.5%的死亡原因。”

。如果没有人报道，那么这些事件就很容易被忽视。另一方面，即使我们确实目睹了事件本身或者

是从复杂的事件中找到解决办法。

和可靠的答案，那么当任何组织和个人发出疑问“如何我能提供帮助”的时候，我们就能采取行动。我们就能够保证的方法，发现适用于这个方法的新技术，同时最聪明地利用现有的技术，不管它是复杂的药物，还是最简单的蚊帐。防。最理想的技术是发明一种疫苗，只要注射一次，就可以终生免疫。所以，政府、制药公司、基金会应该资助疫苗永远不要停止思考和行动。我们千万不能再犯上个世纪在疟疾和肺结核上犯过的错误，那时我们因为它们太复杂，而

失败经验传播出去，这样其他人就可以从你的努力中有所收获。

种了疫苗。你也必须让他人知道，儿童死亡人数下降了多少。这些都是很关键的，不仅有利于改善项目效果，也有利计数字；你必须展示你的项目的人性因素，这样其他人就会感到拯救一个生命，对那些处在困境中的家庭到底意味着救几百万条生命。天哪，是几百万！想一想吧，拯救一个人的生命已经让人何等激动，现在你要把这种激动再乘上几我们让观众激动得跳了起来，喊出了声。我喜欢人们因为软件而感到激动，那么我们为什么不能够让人们因为能够拯做到这一点，并不是一件简单的事。

直存在，但是那些能够化繁为简的新工具，却是最近才出现的。这些新工具可以帮助我们，将人类的同情心发挥最大

一个从未有过的机会，去终结那些极端的贫穷和非恶性疾病的死亡。

那些欧洲国家的战后建设。他说：“我认为，困难的一点是这个问题太复杂，报纸和电台向公众源源不断地提供各种，新技术刚刚开始萌芽，它们将使得这个世界变得更小、更开放、更容易看到、距离更近。

提供了巨大的机会。

加了怀有共同想法的人们聚集在一起的机会，我们可以为了解决同一个问题，一起共同工作。这就大大加快了革新的许多具有创造性的人们，没有加入到我们的讨论中来。那些有着实际的操作经验和相关经历的聪明人，却没有技术来

类将因此可以互相帮助。新技术正在创造一种可能，不仅是政府，还包括大学、公司、小机构、甚

各地人们的生活。但是，我们还能够再做什么呢？有没有可能，哈佛的人们可以将他们的智慧，用来帮助那些甚至从雇用新的老师、授予终身教职、评估课程、决定学位颁发标准的时候，请问你们自己如下的问题：

球那些极端的贫穷中学到了什么……世界性的饥荒……清洁的水资源的缺乏……无法上学的女童……死于非恶性疾病

他人做更多的事情。在我结婚的前几天，她主持了一个新娘进我家的仪式。在这个仪式上，她高声

—那么可以这样说，全世界的人们几乎有无限的权力，期待我们做出贡献。

择一个问题，一个复杂的问题，一个有关于人类深刻的不平等的问题，然后你们要变成这个问题的专家。如果你们能平等视为己任。它将成为你生命中最重要的经历之一。

时候，你们拥有的技术，是我们那一届学生所没有的。你们已经了解到了世界上的不平等，我们那时还不知道这些。

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