《中国文化》英语教程复习题及答案

I. Chinese Cultural Terms : 1.绿茶green tea 2.红茶black tea 3.乌龙茶oolong tea 4.黑茶dark tea 5.花茶scented tea 6.茉莉花茶 jasmine tea

7.八大菜系eight major schools of cuisine /8 Chinese Cuisines 8.茶道tea ceremony 9.茶具 tea set

10.紫砂壶 boccaro teapot 11.北京烤鸭Beijing roast duck 12.清蒸鱼steamed fish

13.狗不理包子Goubili steamed buns 14. 佛跳墙Buddha Jumping the Wall 15.《论语》 The Analects 16.《诗经》The Book of Songs

17.《道德经》 Classic of the Way and Virtue 18.道家 Daoism

19.汉字 Chinese character 20.象形文字pictograph

Regional

21.甲骨文 oracle-bone inscription/ oracle-bone script 22.篆文 seal character/ seal script 23.文房四宝 four treasures of study 24.丝绸之路 the Silk Road

25. 海上丝绸之路 the Maritime silk road

26.一带一路倡议The Belt and Road Initiative 27.西域 the Western regions

28.敦煌石窟 the Dunhuang Grottoes 29.春秋时期 the Spring and Autumn Period

30. 方块象形文字 the square-shaped pictographic character 31. 颜(真卿）体 the Yan style 32. 民间艺术 folk arts 33.年画 New Year pictures 34.剪纸paper cutting /papercuts 35.皮影戏 shadow play 36.苏绣 Suhou Embroidery 37.造纸术 paper making 38.印刷术 printing 39.佛经 Buddhist scripture

40.行书 running script /semi-cursive script 41.草书 cursive script

42.楷书 regular script/standard script

43.隶书 official script/ clerical script 44.砚the ink slab/ the ink stone; 墨ink stick

45.六艺：礼乐射御书数 “six arts” : ritual,music,archery, carriage driving , calligraphy , and mathematics 46.毛笔 the writing brush 47.宣纸 xuan paper/ rice paper 48.中国书法Chinese calligraphy 49.简体字： simplified characters

50. 繁体字 complex characters/ traditional characters 51.中国结 Chinese knots 52.佛教 Buddhism 53.国徽 national emblem 54. 国旗 national flag 55. 国歌 national anthem

II. Multiple choices （每题三个选项中选一个最佳答案）

1)Which of the following is irrelevant to the pictographic symbols of Chinese characters? （下列哪项与汉字的象形符号无关？）___A

? Aspiration. 吸 ? Imagination.想象 ? Creativity.创造力 ? Allusion.典故

2) Which of the following statements is true of the name of Fudan University（关于复旦大学的名称，下列哪个陈述是正确的？）___D

? The characters both stand for \这些字符都

代表着“太阳在地平线上升起”

? The name is taken from a Chinese classical poem.这个名字取自中国古典

诗歌

? The name encourages the students to get up early in the morning.这个

名字鼓励学生早上早起

? The characters are intended to tell the students to make progress day

by day.这些字旨在让学生们一天天地进步

3) Which of the following languages mostly consists of language pictures（下列语言中哪一种主要由语言图片组成？）? B___

? Mandarin Chinese. 普通话

? Hieroglyphs of ancient Egypt.古埃及的象形文字 ? Oracle-bone inscription. 甲骨文 ? Seal characters.篆书

4) The symbol for “swimming” is closest to（“游泳”的符号最接近的是） ___.C

? oracle-bone inscription甲骨文 ? Mandarin Chinese普通话 ? seal characters 篆书 ? none of the above没有选项

5)The symbol for “athletics” contains the ingredients of （“运动”的符号包含了）___.A

? dancing and running跳舞、跑步 ? running and swinging 跑步和摆动 ? dancing and swinging 跳舞和摆动 ? triathlon and football铁人三项和足球

6)All the following are the titles of Confucius except（以下孔子的头衔除了） ___.B

? an educator一个教育家 ? A biologist 一个生物学家 ? A scholar 有识之士

? A philosopher一个哲学家

7)The expression “filial piety” most probably means being （“孝”的意思很可能是指）___.D

? ? ? ?

Loyal to the state忠于国家

Obedient to sister(s) 听姐姐的话

Responsible for the family 对家庭负责 Dutiful to parents孝顺父母

8)Which of following can best describe Confucius’ view on the relationship between man and nature （下面哪一个最能说明孔子对人与自然关系的看法？） ___.D

?

? ? ?

Brothers兄弟

Husband and wife 夫妇

Doctor and patient 医生和病人 Mother and son母子

9)Through burial and ancestral worship rituals,people can learn that （通过丧葬和祭祖仪式，人们可以了解到。）___.B

? Nature is lifeless so it will never die自然是没有生命的，所以它永远不会死。 ? Individual’s life can be everlasting by joining nature 人的一生可以通过自

然的延续而持久。

? They should be grateful to their parents for giving them lives他们应该感

谢父母给了他们生命。 ? Individual’s lifespan is short,so they should enjoy life as much as

possible每个人的寿命都很短，所以他们应该尽可能地享受生活。

10)Which of following is the most important part of Confucius’ curriculum? （下列哪一项是孔子课程最重要的部分？） ___.C

? ? ? ?

Music音乐

calligraphy 书法 virtue 美德

Mathematics数学

11)Zi Lu ,Ran You and Gongxi Chi’s aspirations represent ___,while Zeng Dian’s reflects （子路，你和公西迟的愿望代表了___，而曾点的反映了）___.D

? Personal ambition;selfishness个人的野心;自私

? Lofty ideals;meaningless pursuit 远大的志向；毫无意义的追求 ? Personal struggle;generous contribution 个人奋斗;慷慨的奉献

? Individual contribution to society; harmony个人对社会的贡献;和谐

12)Which of the following can cover all the connotations of the art of writing （下列哪一项可以涵盖书写艺术的所有内涵？） ___.D

? calligraphy美术字（体）;书法，笔迹 ? penmanship 书写艺术，书法，书写技巧 ? handwriting 书法，手书

? None of the above以上都不是

13)How was Chinese calligraphy displayed by Lin Huaimin （林怀民是如何展现中国书法的）___.A

? ? ? ?

By dance通过舞蹈 By script 通过剧本 By music 通过音乐 By brush用刷子

14)What can we infer from the example of Zhang Xu （我们可以从张旭的例子中推断出什么？）___.D

? He did nothing but practice his running-cursive script all day他整天只练

习行书。

? He learnt calligraphy by copying other calligraphers of his time 他模仿

他那个时代的书法家学习书法。

? He often watched sword dance to learn from it for his calligraphy 他经

常看剑舞学习书法。 ? He made fast progress when he discovered the genuine beauty of

calligraphy当他发现书法真正的美时，他进步很快。

15)How is the “energy”of”one-stroke character”achieved （“能量”的一笔书是如何写出来的？） ___.C

? ? ? ?

By pressing the brush harder通过用力按压笔刷

By writing the character with only one stroke 只写一个笔画 by writing the strokes at one go写那些笔画的时候一气呵成 By connecting the strokes in the interior通过连接内部的笔画

16)Which of following words can best summarize the characteristic of “ink pig” （下面哪个词最能概括“墨猪”的特点？）___.B

? ? ? ?

vigorous有力的

cumbersome 笨重的 heavy 重的，沉重的 Dense密集的，稠密的

17)The three most valuable calligraphic works in the three-treasure study include works by all the following calligraphers except ___.D

? Wang xizhi ? Wang xianzhi ? Wang xun ? Zhang xu

18)What can we learn about wang xizhi’s calligraphic works according to the passage（根据这篇文章，我们可以从王羲之的书法作品中学到什么？） ___.D

? His handwriting looks like a dragon他的笔迹像一条龙。 ? His hand writing is heavy but vigorous 他的笔迹重而有力。

? Preface to the lanting pavilion collection is his first work 《兰亭集》的序

言是他的第一部作品。

? The original of preface to the lanting pavilion collection is missing《兰亭

集序》的真迹已经不见了

19)How did the criterion of “being hidden”in yan style occur （颜体的“隐”的标准是怎么出现的） ___.C

? It dawned upon yan zhenqing accidentally颜真卿偶然发现的

? Yan zhenqing learnt it from former masters 颜真卿从它原先的主人那里学

到的

? Yan zhenqing got the idea from zhang xu 颜真卿是从张旭那里得到的想法 ? It was passed down from yan’s ancestors它是颜真卿的祖宗传下来的

III. Translation 英译汉 ， 汉译英（英汉互译都要掌握） 重要提示：请各位同学务必复习这些段落的英译汉，以及汉语段落回译成英文。

翻译复习

1.Unit 1, Page 7 , para. 18

Before Confucius,only the nobility had the right to education.He was the first figure in Chinese history to initiate private education.According to historical records,Confucius taught for many years and trained 3000 disciples.A total of 72 of them excelled in the ”six arts”,i.e.（也就是）,ritual（礼）,music（乐）,archery（射）,driving（御）,calligraphy（书）,and mathematics（数）.A great educator,Confucius has been admired by later generations as the “sage of sages”.

在孔子之前，受教育的权利为贵族阶层所垄断。孔子在中国历史上首开私人讲学之风气。他长期从事教育工作。据史书记载，他有弟子三千，其中通六艺的有七十二人。孔子是伟大的教育家，被后人尊称为“至圣先师”。

2.Unit2 , page 18.para.11

Laozi said,”The greatest virtue is like water”.He compared his philosophy of ”non-contention” to water, to distinguish it from the law of the jungle.He said, “Water nourishes everything but contends for nothing”.To Laozi,humans tend to seek higher positions while water always flows to lower places.Driven by desire,humans like whatever thy think is superior while despising whatever they think is inferior.Yet water always flows downward.As the source of life water nourishes all living things on Earth. 老子说“上善若水”---水具有最高的善。老子以水比喻他的“不争”哲学思想，与恶意争斗的丛林法则相区别。老子说, “水善万物而不争。”在老子看来，人往高处走，水往低处流。人情受欲望驱动，好高而恶下，而水却永远往下流淌。水是生命之源，可以滋润万物，给大地带来生命。

3.Unit 5, page43,para. 1

Protection of the eco-environment is capturing wider international attention today.Eco-ethics and eco-philosophy have arisen in the face of the increasingly serious ecological crisis facing the whole world.Scholars in the field point out that human damage to the natural environment has accelerated to such an extent as to threaten the very existence of human beings themselves.

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