外研版高中英语选修6 - Module5 - 导学案

Module 5 Cloning Edited by Cathy

Module 5 Cloning

导学案1 Introduction , reading and vocabulary page 57-59

1. Target language目标语言 a. 重点词汇

huge, human being, lip, monster, terrifying, ugly, create, frightening, horror, resemble, terrify, wrinkled, beauty, bone, chase, creation, disgust, emotion, fear, fiancée, lifeless, murder b. 重点句子

1. The novel immediately became very popular and it is generally agreed that it is one of the best science fiction stories ever written.

2. Using bones from dead bodies, he creates a creature that resembles a human being and gives it life.

3. Feeling very anxious, I prepared the equipment that would give life to the thing that lay at my feet.

4. It was on a cold November night that I saw my creation for the first time. 5. I wish I had not created this creature. Task1 : new words revision:

1. 使…恐惧

3. 使厌恶，使觉得恶心 6. 拒绝 8. 呼吸 10. 与…相似

12. 恐怖；害怕；担心； 14. 创造

2. 追捕，追逐，追赶 5. 谋杀，谋杀案 7. 燃尽 烧完自灭 9. 对照，与…对比 11. 扑倒在…上 13. 发出声音

Task2: phrases: 从课文中找到相应的单词或短语 1. create a monster 3. science fiction stories

5. have human emotions 7. the Arctic

9. for the first time 11. give life to 13. burn out

15. contrast …with… 17. the same …as 19. up and down 21. shake with fear 23. make a sound 25. put out a hand

2. resemble a huge human being 4. horror films 6. refuse to do 8. at the end of

10. a piece of equipment 12. fall against the window 14. by its tiny light 16. turn to look at me 18. rush out

20. throw oneself on… 22. at the same moment 24. again and again

1

Module 5 Cloning Edited by Cathy

Task3 ：Sentence patterns:

1. The novel immediately became very popular and it is generally agreed that it is one of the best science fiction stories ever written. It is agreed that … 固定句型，意思是―…被一致认为‖，it 做形式主语，that 引导真实主语从句，类似结构： It is said/ reported/ believed/ hoped/ required/suggested/ thought that …

句式变化It is said that he has gone abroad. = He is said to have gone abroad. 2. While studying at university, he discovers the secret of how to give life to lifeless matter.

While waiting, (= While he was waiting ), he was reading a magazine. If it is necessary,(=If ___________), I’ll ring you up.

3. It was on a cold November night that I saw my creation for the first time. 联想：对not until 句型的强调

I didn't recognise him until he took off his dark glasses.

__________________________________________________________________ 4. I wish I had not created this creature.

5. Lonely and unhappy, he begins to hate his creator, Frankenstein.

（Feeling）Very anxious, I prepared the equipment that would give life to the thing that lay at my feet.

考点：adj.或adj.短语作状语，表示原因。此外，还可表示伴随情况等。 6. Using bones from dead bodies, he creates a creature that resembles a human being and gives it life.

I woke, shaking with fear.

考点：v. –ing 短语作状语，表示方式、伴随情况。此外，还可以表示原因、结果、时间等。 重难点

1. terrify v. (make sth. frightened) 使惊恐，使受惊吓 n. terror run away in terror 惊慌地跑开 adj. terrified/ terrifying

be terrified at / with 因….吓了一跳 be terrified of 恐惧，害怕…. 1). Having heard the alarm, _________ people ran out of the office. 2). I don’t like _________ films. They are frightening. 2. resemble: vt. be like or similar to…与……相像 常用短语：resemble sb./sth. (in sth.)

她和她弟弟长得很像。_______________________________

她说话时打手势的动作像她妈妈。__________________________________ 3. refuse v 拒绝 回绝 refuse + n / pron / to do / sb. sth. 4. murder n. /v. 谋杀，谋杀案 murderer 凶手，谋杀犯

2

Module 5 Cloning Edited by Cathy

commit murders 进行谋杀，犯杀人罪

1). 一个月内发生了3起凶杀案。_______________________________ 2). He murdered his wife with a knife. 5. chase: follow 追捕

在外面的院子里, 孩子们叫喊着, 互相追逐。

__________________________________________________________________ chase off: 赶跑

这个老人用棍子赶跑了所有调皮的男孩。

________________________________________________________________ chased after sb./sth. 追逐，追赶，追踪，追求 chase sb./sth. away/ off/ out 赶走，驱逐

chase about 到处飞奔 chase down 努力寻找 chase one’s dream 追求个人梦想

Why do people ___ material possessions?

A. chase away B. chase after C. chase about D. chase down 6. burn out vi. 燃尽 烧完自灭

vt. burn sth. out = sth. be burnt out 被烧空, 烧毁 burn oneself out = be burnt out 精力耗尽 ;身体搞垮 burn up 烧起来 旺起来

1). 这座房子被大火烧光了. _____________________________ 2). 蜡烛已烧尽____________________________________

3). 他要是继续这样拼命，就会累垮的。__________________________________ 4). 把这些木头放在火上使它烧起来___________________________________ burn out /off 烧光 burn down 烧毁 burn to the ground 烧成平地 5).The hotel was ________________in the big fire. 6). The wooden house was _____________.

7). If you want to study well , you should burn your boats. 7. breathe v. 呼吸 It is good for the health to breathe deeply. 搭配：breathe in ________ breathe out ____________ The doctor told me to breathe in and then breathe out slowly.

拓展：breath n. hold one’s breath __________ out of breath ____________ 8. contrast vt. 对照，对比 contrast A and/with B

1). 这首诗对比了青春与年老。________________________________ 搭配：contrast with

2). 她的行动与诺言相差甚远。__________________________________ contrast n. 短语：in contrast to /with ___________ by contrast ____________ contrast….with 不同类事物对比/映衬/衬托

3

Module 5 Cloning Edited by Cathy

compare…with 同类事物对比/比较

1). The teacher compared and contrasted the poems. 2) The white sailing boat ______________the blue sea. 3) My works don’t ______________yours. 9. disgust v. 使厌烦，使觉得恶心

1). 鱼的腥味令我恶心。 _______________________________ 2). We’re all disgusted at the way her husband treats her.

n. disgust n. 厌恶这股气味使我作呕。_______________________________ disgusting可作形容词，表示―令人恶心的‖ 10. turn to sb. / sth.常意为―向……求助‖。

The children all turned ______ the famous actress as she entered the classroom. A. looked at B. to look at C. to looking at D. look at 11. fear n.恐怖；害怕；担心； v.害怕，畏惧

1). 我全身颤抖着吓醒了。 __________________________________ 2). Helen didn’t want to get out of bed,_________________________. 海伦不想起床，生怕吵醒她的丈夫。

3). 小男孩害怕晚上单独外出。___________________________________ 拓展：for fear of...担心……；以防…… in fear of…害怕… never fear = don’t worry 别担心 in/with fear惊恐地

fearful (frightening) adj. 吓人的，可怕的 fearless adj. 无畏的，勇敢的 He got to the station early, missing his train. A. in case of B. instead of C. for fear of D. in search of 反馈训练 I 词汇拓展

1. emotion n. __________adj. 情感的 ___________adj. 没有感情的 2. fiancee n. __________ n. 未婚夫 3. murder v. _________ n. 凶手 4. breathe v. _________n. 呼吸

5. horror n. _______ adj. 可怕的，令人恐惧的 6. fear n. ________ adj. 可怕的 ________adj.无畏的

7. create v. _________n. 创造 ________adj. 创造性的 __________n 创造者 _________ n. 生物，动物

8. wrinkle adj. _______ n. 皱纹 v. 起皱纹，使起皱纹

导学案2 Function, Speaking, Listening and Vocabulary,

Everyday English 60-63

1. Target language目标语言

4

Module 5 Cloning Edited by Cathy

2. Ability goals能力目标

Enable the students to learn to talk about past and present regrets. 3. Learning ability goals 学能目标

Help the students learn how to know more about genetics. Function

I wish I had not created this creature, I wish I was not here. I wish I could disappear!

I’m so sorry! It’s a great pity! What a shame！

That’s too bad!

If I had been there, he would not have made such a serious mistake. Listening and Vocabulary

Ability goals能力目标 Enable the students to learn more about cloning. 3. Learning ability goals 学能目标

Help the students learn how to know more about genetics. Teaching important & difficult points 教学重难点

Learn more about cloning. Tapescript:

Presenter: Our topic for this week is ______. To discuss it, we have with us Dr

Hugh Donaville, head of a company that has already cloned a number of animals.

Hugh D: Good morning.

Presenter: Dr Donaville, could you ___________ a simple explanation of cloning ? Hugh D: Certainly.___________are created in a laboratory. They take all their

genes from ____________-.

Presenter: So cloned animals come from one parent only. Hugh D: Precisely.

Presenter: How successful has cloning been so far ?

Hugh D: Well, as most people know, in 1997 scientists cloned___________ Dolly.

Since then, scientists have cloned animals such as pigs and cats.

Presenter: You make cloning ___________.

Hugh D: Do I ? I wish it was. If it was easy, I’d be a very______________. Presenter: So what are the ___________?

Hugh D: Unfortunately, cloned animals get ill and die quite young. For example,

Dolly the sheep died in 2003. ____________________.

Presenter: Why do they get ill ?

Hugh D: We’ve got a few ideas but we don’t really understand why yet.

Presenter: I see. Now ___________, Dr Donaville, you believe that cloning will

_______________human beings.

5

Module 5 Cloning Edited by Cathy

Hugh D: Yes, I do. If I didn’t believe that, I’d be in a different job.

Presenter: Many people believe that cloning is wrong and___________. How do

you answer them ?

Hugh D: I tell them that cloning is__________________.

Presenter: But cloning treats animals and people as things,___________.

Hugh D: Nonsense ! I don’t think that’s true at all. I don’t think scientists treated

Dolly the sheep as a product. She was a sheep.

Presenter: I’m not sure everyone believes that. Also, people are afraid that scientists

will create______________________________________.

Hugh D: I agree, if that happened, it would be terrible. We ________ to prevent

that.

Presenter: I’m glad you__________ that. But why do scientists want to clone

humans ? I can’t see any good reasons for this.

Hugh D: ______________, there are very good reasons. For example, if a couple

can’t have children, then cloning can ____________. And if a child dies, we could clone it.

Presenter: Create an identical copy, you mean ? I think that’s _____________.

Hugh D: A clone can never be an identical copy of another person. It’s not just

your genes that create who you are. It’s your family and society as well.

Presenter: True.

Hugh D: _____________, we could clone animals that are _______________

Presenter: Yes , if we were able to do that, it would be wonderful. I can see there are

many _________________________________.

phrases:

1. be against cloning 2. be for cloning 3. have arguments with … 4. leave alone 5. be beneficial / helpful to Everyday English 1. On the contrary 2. In other words 3. That’s it. / Incredible! / Nonsense! Writing

Ask the students to make notes of arguments for and against cloning. arguments for cloning:

1) cloning will be beneficial to humans. For example, if a couple can’t have children, cloning could help give them a child; 2) we could use cloning to cure illnesses arguments against cloning:

1) health risks from mutation of genes; 2) emotional risks;

3) risk of abuse of the technology; 4) against nature;

6

Module 5 Cloning Edited by Cathy

5) cloned animals get ill and die quite young;

6) people are afraid of that scientists will create thousands of copies of the same person;

7) cloning is dangerous because scientists may create monsters by mistake

If you had the power, would you ban cloning or would you encourage it? Give reasons for your opinion.

Write your paragraph as follows:

Answer the question in one sentence. Give reasons for your answer. Use these words: firstly, secondly, …lastly.

Example: I would ban cloning for several reasons. Firstly, I do not believe it is right

to create humans or animals using scientific methods. It is against and very dangerous.

Give some examples.

Example: All the cloned animals born so far have died young.

导学案3 Grammar page 62-63

虚拟语气的概念

语气：语气是一种动词形式，表示说话人的意图或态度。英语中有陈述语气，祈使语气和虚拟语气三种语气。

虚拟语气是用来表示说话人所说的话不是一个事实，而是一种假设、猜测、怀疑等(在条件从句中)；二是表示说话人的主观愿望、要求、命令、建议等 (在宾语从句、表语从句、同位语从句中)。 一． 虚拟语气在条件句中的运用 情 况 从句中谓语的构成 主句中谓语的构成 与现在情况相反 动词的过去式（be的过去式Would/should/ could/might +动词原形 一般用were） 与过去情况相反 had + 过去分词 与将来情况相反 动词的过去式 should+动词原形 were to+动词原形 Would /should/ could/might +have +过去分词 Would/should/ could/might +动词原形 1. 与现在事实相反： 表示与现在事实相反的条件和结果。 1). If I won the lottery, I would buy an expensive car.

2). If I had a lot of money now, I would travel around the world. 3). If it were fine now, I would go shopping.

2. 与过去事实相反： 表示与过去事实相反的条件和结果。

1). If I had had time last night, I would have gone to see the film with you .

2). If he had driven more carefully, he would not have had the car accident

7

Module 5 Cloning Edited by Cathy

yesterday.

3. 与将来事实可能相反： 表示与将来事实可能相反的条件和结果。 1). If I saw him tomorrow, I should tell him.

2). If I were to do it, I would do it in a different way. 3). If it should be necessary, I could come at six. 注意

含有虚拟语气的条件状语从句中，如有had，should，were这三个词，在正式或书面语言中可将if省略，再将句子的主语和谓语动词实行部分倒装。 1). Had they time (= If they had time), they would certainly come and help us. 2). Should it be fine (= If it should be fine), we would go for an outing. 3). Were I you (=If I were you), I would go.

2）有时候，条件从句表示的动作和主句表示的动作，发生的时间不一致，这时，动词的形式要根据表示的时间来调整。这种句子可以称为错综复杂条件句 1). If it had rained last night, (过去) I would be very cold today.（现在）

2). If I had taken your advice, (过去) I should have no trouble with the work now.（现在）

3）有时候，假设的情况不以条件从句表示，而是通过一个介词短语来表示，有时可以通过上下文或其他方式表示。这种句子称为含蓄条件句。 1). We could have done better under more favourite conditions. 2). He would have given you more help, but he has been so busy.

3). Such mistakes could have been avoided. (if we had been more careful) 4). But for your help, we couldn’t have finished the work ahead of time. 5). Without air, there would be no living things. 6). With your help we could have done better. 7). If only I were a bird!

二． 虚拟语气在宾语从句中的运用

1． 在动词 suggest, order, demand, propose, request, insist, require, desire等后的宾语从句中， 用虚拟语气（即should + 动词原形）来表示愿望，建议， 命令，请求等。 常见动词：

一个坚持：insist（坚持要求） 两个命令：order, command 三个建议：advise, suggest, propose

四个要求：demand , require, request, desire

这些动词后面的宾语从句要使用虚拟语气用法。即从句中的动词 使用should + 动词原形，或者将should省略。 1). I suggest that we (should) set off at once.

8

Module 5 Cloning Edited by Cathy

2). They requested that we (should) send a delegation to their country. 3). The doctor suggested that she (should) not smoke. 4). He insisted that she (should) go first.

2．wish (that) + subject + a past tense（与现在事实相反） 1). I wish I were as strong as you. 2). I wish every day were my birthday.

3. wish (that) + subject + past perfect（与过去事实相反） 1). I wish you had told me earlier.

2). I wish / wished I hadn’t eaten so much watermelon. 3). The party was awful, I wish I had never gone to it. 4. wish (that) +subject + would 将来不大可能实现的愿望 1). I wish it would rain tomorrow.

2). I wish you would succeed this time. 3). I wish you could fly back to me. 三． 虚拟语气在其他名词性从句中的运用

It is desired that It is suggested that It is required that It is demanded that

It was ordered that + … should+ … It was proposed that

It is important/essential/ necessary…that It is a pity/ a shame/strange …that

1). It is demanded that energy should be saved.

2). It is important that he should study English before going abroad. 3). It is a great pity that he should be always careless.

在suggestion, proposal, idea, plan, order, advice等名称后的表语从句，同位语从句中

1). Our suggestion is that you (should) be the first to go. 2). My advice is that we (should) send for Doctor Li 3). Do you know the order that you (should) keep watch? 注意 It is (high) time that you were to bed. I would rather you came to see me tomorrow. would rather that -- 现在：过去时were / did

过去：过去完成时had done 未来：过去时were / did

It’s (about/high) time +that --过去时 /should +V. It’s high time that you went. It’s high time that you should go.

9

Module 5 Cloning Edited by Cathy

四．虚拟语气在状语从句中的运用

以as if，as though引起的状语从句，其谓语形式与wish后的宾语从句相同。 as if /though + 从句 现在：过去时

过去：过去完成时

She loves the baby as if it were her own son. It seems as if it were spring.

注意:从句情况如果很有可能发生,也可用陈述语气

导学案4 Vocabulary and Reading 64-66

目标

To learn something about Cloning and DNA To summarize the main idea of the passage. To use the language points correctly.

Task1: phrases: 从课文中找到相应的单词或短语 1. It’s certainly true that…

2. the structure of the acid DNA酸性DNA结构 3. A transparent twisting ladder透明的双螺旋结构 4. The fundamental components of life生命的基本元素 5. The results of growing pea plants种植豌豆的结果

6. The genetic make-up of the new plant子代（下一代）的基因结构 7. a procedure to use enzymes用酶的程序 8. Unzip the DNA 解开DNA

9. cut out a sequence of genes截取一系列的基因片段 10. insert them into the host cell把它们植入主细胞 11. combine…with… be combined with 12. be identical to 和…一样，与…一致

13. It’s certain that … 14. valid reasons

15. offer cloning as an optional treatment for couples… 为夫妇提供作为选择性治疗的（克隆） 16. find it difficult to do sth.

17. under unknown psychological pressure在未知的心理压力下 18. reproduce the talents of exceptional human beings 复制非凡的天才 19. obtain a supply of stem cells获取大量的干细胞 20. recover from a disease从疾病中恢复 21. repair human tissue修复人体组织 22. what is clear is that…

23. some voluntary code 一些不成文的法规

10

Module 5 Cloning Edited by Cathy

24. compulsory government regulations强制性的政府条例 25. be handy to clone 克隆很方便

26. resist bacteria or disease抵御细菌和疾病 27. rely on 依靠，依赖

28. restrict the biodiversity of the breed 限制了生物品种的多样性。 29. research into / about / on 对…的研究 二 . 重难点

1. optional adj. 可选择的，随意的 option n. 选择，选择权 compulsory adj. 强制的

学校里既有必修课，又有选修课。

__________________________________________________________________ 2. resist v.

1). 抵抗；抵制；使不受…的伤害

resist sth. 抵制 反抗…使不受…的伤害 resist doing sth. 抵制做某事

叛军与警察对抗。The rebel army resisted the police.

The laborers prepared to resist and to overthrow this Government. 2). 意为―抵御；阻止；抗；耐‖。如：

For months the company has resisted changing its accounts system. 这种金属是防锈的___________________________ 3). 意为―经得住；不屈从‖, 常用于否定句。如： Jill couldn’t resist making jokes about his boldness. . 她看到甜食就想吃。__________________________

4). resist sth. 抵制 …的诱惑 resist doing sth. 抵制做某事的诱惑 can’t resist (doing) sth. 无法抗拒做某事的诱惑；忍不住做某事 resist the temptation 抵制诱惑 resist arrest 拒捕

[词汇拓展] resistance n. （不可数）抵抗，对抗；反对, 抵抗力, 阻力 (与to连用) The firm has to overcome its resistance to new technology. 这家公司必须克服对采用新技术的阻力。 resistant adj. 抵抗的，有抵抗力的

The seedlings are resistant to cold weather. 这些秧苗有抗寒力。 3. rely on / upon 依靠；依赖；指望，信任；信赖

rely on/ upon sb. to do sth. =rely on sb.s doing sth. 依靠某人做某事 rely on/ upon sb./ sth. (for sth.) 依靠某人/ 某物（做某事） rely on sb. = trust sb.信赖某人

11

Module 5 Cloning Edited by Cathy

rely on sth. = depend on sth. 依靠某事 rely on it that… 相信…， 指望… 你放心好了， 他会开车来接你。

__________________________________________________________________ The success of the project _____ on everyone making an effort. A. works B. gets C. relies D. takes 4. identical

1) 同一的；同样的.

我们双方对应当怎么办的看法是一致的。

______________________________________________________________ 2) (常与with连用) 完全相同的 我的意见和他的意见相同。

_____________________________________________________________ be identical to 与……完全相同 be identical in 在……方面是相同的 the identical = the same

This picture is identical to the one my mother has. This is the identical room we stayed in last year. (这是我们去年住过的同一间房间) 联想： 在……方面与……相似

be similar to…in… resemble sb. in… identically adv.

identical twin 长相酷似的双胞胎之一 identify v. identify sb / sth as sb / sth

identify sth with sth 认为某事物与某事物等同

She identified the man as her brother. 她把那个男人认成了他的兄弟。 幸福和财富不能混为一谈。__________________________________________

导学案5 Reading Practice 67-68

斯蒂芬.斯皮尔伯格(Steven Spielberg) ―电影奇才‖作品： 《辛德勒名单》 《大白鲨》 《E.T.》 《侏罗纪公园》 Task2: 从课文中找到相应的单词或短语 phrases:

1. sci-fi adventure film 科幻历险片/电影 2. eccentric millionaire 行为古怪的百万富翁 3. his new amusement park他的新游乐场 4. open to public 对公众开放 5. prehistoric mosquitoes 史前蚊子

6. accompany v. 陪伴，伴随，陪 accompany sb. to 陪某人去…

12

Module 5 Cloning Edited by Cathy

be accompanied by 由某人陪伴 7. on a tour 观光，旅行

8. computer-controlled cars电脑控制的车 9. a tropical storm hits the island 热带风暴… 10. knock out the power supply摧毁能源供应 11. destroy the security system破坏安全系统 12. steal dinosaur embryos 偷出恐龙胚胎 13. get out of control 摆脱控制

14. a preserved mosquito 一个被保存的蚊子 15. as far as we know

16. mosquitoes that old 那么久的蚊子

17. absorb sb.’s attention 吸引某人的注意力 be absorbed in 全神贯注于 18. There is no way of knowing … 无法知道

19. There is nothing to compare the new sample with 无法与新的样本进行比较 20. intact adj. 完好无损的，完整的 21. extinction 灭绝 22. break down 分解 23. repair itself 自我修复

24. arise （问题、困难等）发生，出现 raise a baby dinosaur 养育一个小恐龙 26. the diets of dinosaur 27. protect …from…

28. vice versa 反过来也一样，反之亦然

29. raise ethical and human rights issues带来道德和人权问题 30. be ready for sth. 准备做某事 31. bring …back to life 使…复活 32. in the era of dinosaurs 在恐龙时代

33. find difficulty (in )doing sth. 发现做某事有困难 二 . 重难点

1). accompany v. 陪伴，陪同

She accompanied her friend to the concert. accompany sb. to some place

accompany sb. home她陪我去看了医生。__________________________ 请陪我去故乡走一走。_________________________________________ 2) 伴随

雷声常常伴随着闪电而来。________________________________ 3) 伴奏

13

Module 5 Cloning Edited by Cathy

玛丽唱歌，我弹琴给她伴奏。________________________________________ company n. 陪伴，友情

keep sb. company People are judged by the company they keep. 2. knock out摧毁

e.g. Our bombers have knocked out the mobile launchers. 摧毁 The movie just knocked me out. 这个电影让我赞叹不已。

We can knock out about 50 dresses in a day. 我们一天能完成大约50条连衣裙

Our team was knocked out in the second run. 我们队在第二轮比赛中被淘汰。 其他固定短语： knock down 把……撞倒

knock at/on 敲

knock into 撞到……身上,把……敲进去 knock out of 把…从……中敲出来 knock off 下班，降价 knock around / about到处漫游 3. get out of control 摆脱控制 be out of control 失去控制 beyond control 无法控制 lose control of …失去对…的控制

under control 在控制之下

in the control of 在…的控制下/管理下 take control of … 控制…，管理… keep …under control 对…加以控制

in charge of… 掌管/控制… in the charge of … 被…掌管/控制 in possession of … 拥有… in the possession of … 被…拥有 4. as far as we know 据我们所知 as far as I can see 就我看来 as far as sb. / sth. be concerned 就某人/某事而言 as far as the eye can see 就视力所能及

5. absorb vt. 本意: 吸收(水分, 光声等), 消减(震动)

引申义: 接受（看法、知识等），吸引（注意力 精力等） Dry sand absorb water. 干沙吸水

Buffers absorbed most of the shock. 缓冲器大大减少震动。

Clever children absorb new knowledge easily. 聪明的孩子容易接受新知识。 词组：be absorbed in 专注于

学生们专心致志地读书。___________________________________________ “注意力集中于…” 的表示法：

be devoted to … 专心于… be lost in … 全神贯注于… concentrate on … 注意力集中于… focus on…注意力集中于… be buried in… 全神贯注于… put one’s heart into…全神贯注于… ___________ in his work, Tom simply forget food and sleep. (absorb)

6. break down此处意为―分解‖。另外，break down还可意为―（机器或车辆等）出故障；（谈判等）失败；(身体等)垮掉‖。

14

Module 5 Cloning Edited by Cathy

break down

(a) （因机械、电力等故障）停止运转, 失灵, 失效: The telephone system_______________. 电话系统失灵了。 We (ie Our car) ____________on the motorway. 我们（的汽车）在高速公路上抛锚了。 (b) 失败; 崩溃; 瓦解; 垮:

Negotiations between the two sides _________________. 双方谈判已经破裂。 If law and order_______________, anarchy will result. 法治一垮, 就会出现无政府状态。 (c)（指某人健康状况）变得恶劣; 垮:

Her health ____________ under the pressure of work. 工作的压力把她的身体弄垮了。

(d) lose control of one’s feelings 感情失去控制:

他听到这个消息时不禁痛哭起来。___________________________________ break in 闯入；插嘴 break into 破门而入 break out (火灾，战争等)爆发，发生 break up 打碎；瓦解 break off 中断，暂停

7. arise vi. 发生，出现 arise from/out of 由…引起，由…产生 Accidents often arise from carelessness.

原形 rise raise arise arouse 过去式 rose raised arose aroused 过去分词 risen raised arisen aroused 词义 升起 举起 出现 唤起 词性 vi. vt. vi. vt. 8. protect…from/against 保护…免受…的伤害 联想：prevent…(from) doing / stop …(from) doing / keep…from doing 阻止…做 9. bring…back to life 使…复活

10. The reason why Brave New World is still so famous is that it describes a terrifying future world that is becoming more and more possible. The reason why/for which …is/ was that …的原因是…

The reason ___ you failed, I think, was ___ you had turned a deaf ear to your

teacher’s advice.

A. why; because B. why; that C. which; that D. that; because

导学案6 Cultural Corner 67-68

Ability goals能力目标

Enable the students to know more about the possible development of cloning.

15

Module 5 Cloning Edited by Cathy

《美丽新世界》是非常著名的政治小说,被称为反乌托邦三部曲之一,另外两部为: 1920 俄国 扎米亚京 《我们》 1948 英国 奥威尔 《一九八四》 正面乌托邦三部曲：

1516 英国 莫尔 《乌托邦》 1601 意 康帕内拉《太阳城》 1619 德 安德里亚 《基督城》

Language points:

1. …it became a subject of much discussion… it was talked about much… 成为议论的中心

2. The reason why … is that…

The reason ______ he didn’t win the match is _____ he was too nervous. 3. violence n. (u)暴力， 暴力行为 violent adj. Too much violence on TV is bad for children.

do violence to 对…施暴 They do violence to prisoners. 首先就是人不再由人生出来。

其他短语： be born into/to 出生在……的家庭

弗兰克生在一个富有的家庭。____________________________________ be born with… 天生有……

他天生就有绘画的天赋。 _____________________________ be born to be/do sth. 天生适合做……

琼天生就是作歌手的料。_____________________________ 5. The second group, the Betas, also have good positions in society.

position此处表示―地位，等级‖。另外，position还可意为―位置；职务；姿势；处境；意见‖等。

我哥哥在一家外企找到一份好工作。__________________________________ What’s your position on this question? 你对这个问题意见如何？

From their ______ on the top of the TV Tower, visitors can have a better view of the city. （陕西2009）

A. stage B. position C. condition D. situation 6. likes and dislikes 好恶，爱憎

7. be happy with…: be satisfied with… 对……感到满意

经理对今年的销售额相当满意。______________________________________ 9. feel strong emotion 感受到强烈的感情

10. These questions have become more important than ever. 这些问题变得比以往更加重要。

16

4. The first is that people are no longer born from human beings.

Module 5 Cloning Edited by Cathy

A sample dialogue:

F = Frankenstein; C = Clerval

F: I’ve recently created a new life. But out of my expectation, it is ugly and disgusting.

C: What? A new life? You must be joking!

F: It’s true. The creature quite resembles a human being and is intelligent and has human emotions.

C: Incredible! What is it like?

F: Well, it is huge and strong, extremely ugly and terrifies all those who see it. C: But why did you create such a creature?

F: I firmly believe human beings were not made by god or anything supernatural. I’ve found the secret of life and put it into experiments. And now I’ve succeeded. C: Anyway, I wonder how you did it.

F: I made it by piecing bones and brains from dead bodies together and then gave it life by exhibiting it to electricity created by a thunderstorm. C: Do you love your creation?

F: Absolutely not. He is the ugliest thing I have ever seen. You can see the veins beneath his yellow skin. His hair is black and his teeth are white. But these things contrast horribly with his yellow eyes, his wrinkled yellow skin and black lips. I have tried to make it beautiful. Beautiful! I have worked for nearly two years with one aim only, to give life to a lifeless body. For this I have not slept and I have destroyed my health. I have wanted it more than anything in the world. But now I have finished and the beauty of dream disappeared, and horror and disgust filled my heart.

C: Then you feel regretful about what you did, right?

F: Yes. I wish I had not created this creature, I wish I was on the other side of the world, I wish I could disappear! C: Maybe you can destroy it.

F: No. I have not seen him for some days and do not know where he is. Would you like to go with me to find and destroy him? C: Sure. Let’s go! Writing

Sample version 1:

If I had the powers, I wouldn’t ban cloning, but I would only allow research to be done on certain animals. I would do this because scientists don’t know enough about cloning yet. For example, they don’t know why cloned animals die so quickly. Once they had done plenty of research and were able to create cloned animals easily and cheaply, then I would allow scientists to experiment

on humans. But I wouldn’t let them just clone people as they wished; they would only be able to use their knowledge and skills in certain situations — for example, for

17

Module 5 Cloning Edited by Cathy

people who lost a child and weren’t able to have another. Sample version 2:

If I had the power, I would ban cloning for several reasons. Firstly, it is against nature and dangerous. Any living things have life and death recycle periods, which promote the evolution of life. The cloning technique is extremely risky right now. An abnormal baby would be a nightmare that comes true. And people are worried about the possibility that the genetic material used from the adult will continue to age so that the genes in a newborn baby clone could be 30 years old or more on the day of birth. Also monsters may be created by mistake. Secondly, people are afraid of that scientists will create thousands of copies of the same person. There are powerful leaders in every generation who will seek to abuse this technology for their own purposes. Going ahead with cloning technology makes this far more likely. What would happen if Hitler was cloned? That would mean more severe disasters and destruction upon human civilization. Thirdly, cloning will result in high emotional risks. Just think: a child grows up knowing her mother is her sister, her grandmother is her mother. Her father is her brother-in-law. Every time her mother looks at her she is seeing herself growing up. The family environment and relationship will be totally different. What kind of pressures will the child feel?

All in all, I would determinedly ban cloning if I had the power. Sample version 3:

If I had the power, I would encourage cloning. There are several reasons. Firstly, cloning will be beneficial to humans. For example, if a couple can’t have children, cloning could help give them a child. Secondly, we could use cloning to cure illnesses. For example, if there is something wrong with some part of a human body, we could clone a healthy one to replace it. For another, if a child is seriously ill or disabled, we could clone another one. Thirdly, clone technology could be used in other ways. For example, we can save the endangered animals by cloning.

In a word, cloning technology has a promising future. I would encourage it if I had enough power.

18

本文来源：https://www.bwwdw.com/article/jr4w.html