1995-2002学位英语真题

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Non-English Major Graduate Student English Qualifying Test (GET)

December, 1995

PAPER ONE

PART I LISTENING COMPREHENSION (15 MINUTES, 15 points) Section A ( 1 point each )

Directions: In this section, you will hear nine short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The questions and the conversation will be spoken just once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answer and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard. Then on your answer sheet, find the number of the question and mark the letter that corresponds to the letter of the answer you have chosen.

1. A. He was on vacation. B. He was moving furniture.

C. He was sick. D. He was working for a new company. 2. A. He does not understand it. B. He does not like it.

C. He is used to it. D. He does not have to take it.

3. A. He is interested only in her ideas. B. He will not accept a late paper from her. C. He wants her to hand in her paper immediately. D. He will accept a late paper from her. 4. A. In a kitchen. B. In a garden. C. At the pictures. D. In an office. 5. A. Five B. Four. C. Seven. D. Six.

6. A. She was experienced in riding a bicycle. B. She was riding very slowly at that moment. C. She was riding a new bike. D. Some passes-by help her.

7. A. She can't see. B. Her ears was hurt. C. She can’t hear. D. Her eyes hurt.

8. A. She feels that he won't accept anything. B. She thinks he has almost everything he wants. C. She's sure he already has a pocket calculator. D. She's afraid he wants more than she can afford.

9. A. At the jewelry store. B. Down the hall. C. From other customers. D. From a machine Section B ( 1 point each )

Directions: In this section: you will hear a longer conversation and short passage. At the end of each them, there will be some questions. All of them will be read to you only once. After each question, there will be a short pause. During the pause, you must choose the best answer from the four choices given by marking the corresponding letter on your answer sheet.

Question 10 through 12 are base on the following conversation.

10. A. Peter's research paper. B. Peter's composition. C.A library book. D. Peter's take-home exam. 11. A. By studying in the library. B. He was absent that day. C. He did very well. D. He did very poorly.

12. A. Talk to the professor. B. Quit working C. Get a better-paying job. D. Try to get a job on the campus. Question 13 through 15 are base on the following passage.

13. A. The development of animals. B. The development of land animal. C. The origin of sea creatures. D. The origin of human beings

14. A. Stand on their heads. B. Swim backward. C. Move on their fins. D. Swim upside down. 15. A. The appearance of tile fish. B. The size and the color of fish. C. The way the fish swims. D. The way the Fish uses its fins. PART II VOCABULARY ( 10 MINUTES, 10 POINTS ) Section A ( 0.5 point each )

Direction: There are ten sentences in this section. Each sentence has one word or a set of words underlined. Below the sentence are four words or phrase that is closest in meaning to the underlined one. Mark the corresponding letter with a single bar across the square brackets on your Answer Sheet.

16. Frank and Jauntier asked their science teacher to settle the dispute once and for all. A. temporarily B. permanently C. cautiously D. decisively

17.The police found it difficult to apprehend the criminal because of the incomplete details supplied by the witness. A. sketchy B. complicated C. stern D. artistic

18.In order to maintain physical well-being, a person should eat wholesome food and get sufficient exercise. A. fresh B. stale C. well-cooked D. healthful 19. Not afraid of being fired, John Smith continued to defy the boss. A. avoid B. admire C. oppose D. guide

20. Many pure metals have little use because they are too soft, rust too easily, or have some other drawbacks. A. properties B. behavior C. disadvantages D. performances 21. After a number of disagreements with the committee, the chairman decided to quit. A. resign B. dismiss C. retire D. desert 22. The experiment shows this cathode emits electrons in a controlled environment. A. submits B. gives off C. rejects D. passes by . 23. To what place are you going to haul the furniture that you no longer need. A. sell B. put C. transport D. paint 24. The zealous demonstrators were ignored by all the media of this country. A. passionate B. colorful C. rude D. clever 25. In prehistoric times, eclipses of the moon and Sun were probably terrifying to people. A. meaningful B. fascinating C. frightening D. helpful Section B (0.5 point each)

Directions: There are ten sentences in this section. Each sentence has something omitted. Choose the word or words from the four choices given to best complete each sentence.

26. Lisa objected to wearing her championship pin; she didn't want to be considered ______.

A. obscure B. vain C. dishonest D. humble 27. The meeting ended when a police officer told club members that the building was on fire. A. affectedly B. fatally C. exhaustingly D. abruptly Z8.Marie fainted in the store and found herself in the hospital when she ______.

A. came along B. came back C. came to D. came out

29.The boys knew they broken the rules and regulations, and they were______happy when they were called to the headmaster's office.

A. nothing but B. all but C. anything but D. all too

30. His parents gave him many expensive toys as some form of for his lameness and inability to lay active games. A. compensation B. remedy C. treatment D. gratitude 3l. The teacher was of his duty, and he was criticized for this. A. illegible B. negligent C. illegal D. negligible 32. What I am telling you is strictly______. Don't let anyone know of it.

A. secretive B. special C. individual D. confidential 33. The beautiful flowers in the vase through lack of water.

A. decreased B. sweated C. withered D. ripened 34. She's always the way I do things, so I can hardly get along welt with her.

A. making the best of B. finding fault with C. coming up with D. having the advantage over 35. The young lady speaks so softly that her voice is not really______. A. fragile B. audible C. brittle D. decent PART III CLOZE TEST (I0 MINUTES, 15 POINTS)

Parents have to do much less for their children today than they used to do, and home has become much less of a workshop. Clothes can be bought ready 36, washing can go to the laundry, food can be bought cooked, canned or 37 ,bread is baked and delivered by the baker, milk 38 on the doorstep, meals can be had at the restaurant ,the works' canteen and the school dining-room.

It is unusual now for father to 39 his trade or other employment at home, and his children rarely, 40, see him at his place of work. Boys are therefore seldom trained to 41 their father's occupation and in many towns they have a fair wide 42 of employment and so do girls. The young wage-earner often earns good money, and soon acquires a feeling of 43 independence. In textile areas it has 44 for mothers to go out to work, 45 this practice has become so widespread that the working mother is now a not unusual 46 in a child's home life the number of married women in employment having more than doubled in the last twenty-five years. With mother earning and his old children-draw 47 wages, father is seldom the 48 figure that he still was at the beginning of the Century. 49 mother work, economic advantages increase, but children lose something of 50 value if mother's employment prevent her from being home to greet them when they return from school.

36. A. made B. shaped C. set D. fixed 37. A. deserved B. preserved C. reserved D. conserved 38. A. arrives B. reaches C. transports D. transfers 39. A. persuade B. pursue C. purchase D. persecute 40. A. if ever B. if not C. if any D. if only 41. A. catch B. make C. get D. follow 42. A. distribution B. opportunity C. fate D. choice 43. A. economic B. economical C. personal D. living

44. A. customary B. essential C. fundamental D. unnecessary 45. A. or B. but C. so D. then 46. A. focus B. favor C. factor D. fear 47. A. inaccurate B. substantial C. inadequate D. standard 48. A. negative B. modest C. superior D. dominant 49. A. Even if B. Though C. Before D. When 50. A. little B. small C. large D. great PART IV READING COMPREHENSION (45 MINUTES, 30 POINTS)

Directions: In this part of the test, there are five passages for you to read. Read each passage carefully, and then do the questions that follow. Choose the best answer A, B, C, or D, and mark the corresponding letter on your Answer Sheet. Passage One

We use emotive language to express our own attitudes and feelings. We also direct emotive language at other people to persuade them to believe as we do or to do as we want them to do; and of course, other people direct emotive language at us to get us to believe or to do what they want.

We are subjected to a constant stream of persuasion day in, day out, at home and in school, on the radio and on

television. It comes from parents and teachers, from preachers and politicians, from editors and commentators, but, most of all, of course, from advertisers. Most of this persuasion is expressed in emotive language and is intended to appeal to our feelings rather than to be weighted up by our powers of reasoning.

We should look at the motives behind all this persuasion. Why do they want to persuade us ? What do they want us to do ? We are not thinking very clearly unless we try to see through the veil of words and realize something of the speaker's purpose.

An appeal to emotion is in itself neither good or bad. Our emotions on the highest levels and from the best of motives. A case in point is Churchill's wartime speeches: whatever people thought of Churchill as a politician, they were united behind him when he spoke as a national leader in those dark days their feelings responded to his call for resolution and unity.

It is a characteristic of social groups that the members have a feeling of personal attachment to the group -- to the family in earliest childhood and extending later to the school, the team, the church, the nation, in patterns that vary from time to time. Hence a speaker from our group will find in us feelings to which he can readily and genuinely appeal, whether our reaction is favorable or not. We are at least open to the appeal and we appreciate the context in which it is made.

51. The major functions of emotive language discussed in the passage are to______ A. extend our powers of reasoning and carry out a purpose B. advertise and produce the wanted social effects C. show one's Feelings and appeal to those of others D. make others believe in us and respond to our feeling

52. It is suggested in the third paragraph of this passage that we______

A. should keep a cool head when subjected to persuasions of various kinds B. need to judge whether a persuasion is made for good or bad C. have to carefully use our emotive language

D. should avoid being easily seen through by an appeal from others

53. The source from which emotive language flows upon us in its greatest amount is______

A. the mass media B. the educational institutions C. the religious circles D. the advertising business 54. Churchill is mentioned in the passage as______

A. an example of how people weighted up persuasion with reasoning B. a national leader who brought out people's best feelings C. a positive example of appealing to people's emotion D. a politician who has been known as a good speaker

55. What is NOT mentioned as relevant to our emotions in this passage ?

A. Social B. Personal experience C. The personality of national leaders D. Religious belief 56. It can be inferred from the passage that a persuasive speaker must______. A. find out what group his audience is attached to B. vary his speech patterns from time to time

C. know how to adapt his way of speaking to the needs of the audience D. be aware whether the listeners are favorable to his opinion or not Passage Two

As goods and services improved, people were persuaded to spend their money on changing from old to new, and found the change worth the expense. When an airline equipped itself with jets, for example, its costs (and therefore air fare) would go up, but the new planes meant such an improvement that the higher cost was justified. A new car (or wireless, washing machine, electric kettle) made life so much more comfortable than the old one that the high cost of replacement was fully repaid. Manufacturers still cry their wares as persuasively as ever, but are the improvements really worth paying for? In many field things have now reached such a high standard of performance that further

progress is very limited and very, very expensive. Airlines, for example, go to enormous expense in buying the latest prestige jets, in which vast research costs we might lose the chance of cutting minutes away from flying times: but wouldn't it be better to see air fares drop dramatically, as capital costs become relatively insignificant? Again, in the context of a 70 m.p.h. limit, with platoons of cars traveling so densely as to control each other's speeds, improvements in performance are virtually irrelevant; improvements in handling are unnecessary, as most production cars grip the road perfectly; and comfort has now reached a very high level indeed. Small improvements here are unlikely to be worth the thousands that anybody replacing an ordinary family car every two years may ultimately have spent on them. Let us instead have cars --- or wireless, electric kettles, washing machines, television sets-- which are made to last, and not to be replaced. Significant, progress is obviously a good thing; but the insignificant progression from model-change to model-change is not.

57. The author obviously is challenging the social norm that______

A. it is important to improve goods and services B. development of technology makes our life more comfortable C. it is reasonable that prices are going up all the time D. slightly modified new products are worth buying

58. According to this passage, air fares may rise because______.

A. people tend to travel by new airplanes B. the airplane has been improved

C. the change is found to be reasonable D. the service on the airplane is better than before 59. According to the author, passengers would be happier if they ______.

A. could fly in the latest model of reputable planes B. could get tickets at much lower prices C. see the airlines make vital changes in their services D. could spend less time flying in the air

60. When manufacturers have improved the performance of their products to a certain level, then it would be _____. A. justified for them to cut the price B. unnecessary for them to make any new changes

C. difficult and costly to further better them D. insignificant for them to cut down the research costs 61. In the case of cars, the author urges that we______

A. cancel the speed limit B. further improve their performance C. improve their durability D. change models every two years 62 The author's criticism is probably based on the fact that______ A. we have been persuaded to live an extravagant life today B. many products we buy turn out to be substandard or inferior

C. inflation is becoming a big problem in the world today

D. people are wasting their money on trivial technological progress Passage Three

Recent studies on the male-female wage gap predict that even though entry-level salaries for males and females in the same occupation are nearly equal because women's market skills have improved vastly, the chances of the overall gap closing in the foreseeable future are minimal. This is due to several factors that are likely to change very slowly, if at all. An important reason is that women are concentrated in occupation- service and clerical- that pay less than traditional male jobs .It is possible that more women than men in their twenties are hesitant to commit themselves to a year-round lifetime career or job for many reasons. There is lingering attitude on both the part of women and their employers that women are not cut out for certain jobs. Not only does this attitude channel women into lower-paying work, but it also serves to keep them from top management positions.

Another significant factor in the widening wage gap between men and women after entering the work force, even in comparable jobs, is that women often drop out at critical points in their careers to have a family. Women still have the primary responsibility for child rearing; even if they continue to work, they often forgo overtime and promotions that would conflict with home responsibilities. The ages of 25 to 35 have been shown repeatedly to be the period when working consistently and hard is vital to advancement and job security. These are precisely the years when women are likely to have children and begin to slide away from men in earning power. Consequently, a woman's income is more likely to be seen as secondary to her husband's.

63. According to recent studies on the male-female wage gap _____.

A. there is much hope of narrowing the male-female wage gap in the near future

B. working women will have many opportunities to hold high-paying jobs in the near future C. women's pay will still stay at a level below that of men in the near future

D. salaries for males and females in the same , occupation will be equal in the near future 64. Women are kept from top management positions partly because they______ A. decide to devote themselves to certain lifetime jobs in their twenties B. are inclined to rank family second to work

C. tend to have more quarrels with ,their employers D. still take an incorrect attitude towards themselves

65.Which of the following is implied in the passage as a partial reason for women's concentration in certain occupations? A. Social division of labor B. Social prejudice against them C. Employment laws D. Physiological weakness

66. The word \

A. give up B. drop out C. throw away D. cut out 67. It can be inferred from the second paragraph that______

A. men's jobs are subject to change B. women tend to be employed off and on at the same job C. men's chances of promotion are minimal D. women used to be employed ail the year round 68. Which of the following statements is NOT true?

A. Women's market skills have improved greatly. B. child care is still chiefly women's work .

C. Women are typically employed in clerical and service jobs. D. Domestic duties no longer conflict with women's jobs. Passage Four

It seems that the life of a television reporter is fantastically admired by many people. But this is only one side of the coin. First, he never goes deeply into any one subject-he may be expert at mastering a brief in a short time and %up\seldom grasps with a full-scale investigation any one thing. He has to be able to forget what he was working on a few weeks before, otherwise his mind would become messed up.

Second, a reporter does not have anything lasting to show for what he does-there is no shelf of books, no studio full of paintings. He pours his life into something which flickers in shadows across a screen and is gone forever. I have seen people in many television jobs turn at the end of watching one of their own programs and say something like: \

that's all those days / weeks / months of work. Travel and worry sunk without trace.\like blowing bubbles- entertaining to do, and the bubbles numerous and pretty to look at, and all different, but all disappearing into thin air.

Third, the pace of the life is too fast. Not only is it destructive of one's private life; one does not even have time to give proper consideration to the things one is professionally concerned with not enough time to think, not enough time to read, not enough time to write one's commentary, prepare one's interviews and so on. When one disengages from it and allows one's perceptions, thinking, reading and the rest to proceed at their natural pace one gets an altogether unfamiliar sense of solidity and well--being.

Fourth, the reporter is at the mercy of events. A revolution breaks out in Cuba so he is off here on the next plane. Somebody shoots President Reagan so he drops everything he is doing and flies to Washington. He is like a puppet pulled by strings -- the strings of the world's affairs. He is not motivated from within. He does not decide for himself what he would like to do , where he would like to go, what he would like to work on . He is activated from without, and his whole life becomes a kind of reflex action, a series of high-pressure responses to external stimuli. He has ceased to exist as an independent personality.

69. A TV reporter never makes an in-depth study of a subject because______

A. he usually gets one side of the picture B. the subjects that he has to attend to often switch from one to another C. he does not know how to develop it to its full-scale D. that is the life that suits him 70. It is implied but not stated that many people______

A. know nothing about the work of a TV reporter B. think the life of a TV reporter dull and boring

C. have a biased opinion against the job of a TV reporter D. tend to underestimate the hard part of being a TV reporter 71. TV reporting, according to this passage , is something______

A. profitable for a person to take up B. interesting to do but quick to fade out C. causing a person to forget his previous work D. producing a lasting effect 72. A TV reporter is in most need of______

A. being a master of his time B. proper consideration of his profession C. a comfortable life of his own D. disengaging himself from work 73. The activities of a TV reporter are largely geared to______

A. his motivation B. his working style C. current affairs D. reflex to pressure 74. The title of this passage would best be given as______

A. What a TV Reporter Can and Cannot Accomplish B. The Sorrows of TV Professionals

C. The Confession of a TV Reporter D. The Drawbacks in the Life of a TV Reporter Passage Five

The urge to explore is innate in Man. Wherever his imagination wanders, Man seeks also to go. A large part of history is concerned with the exploration of the world in which we live. Time and again men have set out with amazing courage and resolution to probe into unknown regions and lands. They crossed the seas in flimsy boats, traversed

continents, scaled mountains, fought their way through jungles and swamps, endure untold hardships -- all to explore, to see what had not yet been seen, to make known the unknown. Nor did Man confine his movements to the surface of land and sea. With kites balloons and aircraft he left the ground to range through the lower atmosphere. Now outer space receives his attention.

The hard way to answer the question, why should Man bother about conquering space, is to attempt to list the specific practical benefits that will result. One knows, from past experience in other areas, that Man will surely see and discover new things in space, that will increase our store of scientific knowledge, and this new knowledge will find its way into valuable practical uses. What we learn about Man himself, from his experience in space, and from the effects of space and the space flight environment on him, will be invaluable. The new techniques developed to carry out the exploration of space, and to keep men alive in space, will inevitably find their way into valuable practical uses in everyday living. The areas that will benefit are manifold. They include communications, generation of power,

transportation and travel, food production, conservation of resources, navigation, human comfort and welfare, biology and medicine, materials, fuels and many others. But to state specifically just what the practical outcomes will be is virtually impossible.

75. Exploration of the unknown______

A. often results in Man's power of imagination B. is not common throughout human history C. is generally sought after by men with courage and strength D. is deeply rooted in the instinct of Man 76. Which of the following best sketches the process of Man's probe into the unknown world? A. Surface of the earth, the air and space B. Waters, mountains and forests C. Waters, mountains and forests D. Urge, imagination and courage 77. The benefits of space exploration are basically something______

A. well-specified B. hypothetical C. practical D. inevitable 78. According to this passage, the value of exploring the outer space will ultimately lie in______

A. its testimony Man's courage and resolution B. the knowledge it may help us to gain about our earth

C. the results it may bring about in the interests of Man D. Man's mastery of techniques to fly and stay alive in space 79. From this passage we can conclude that Man should have confidence in exploring space because______ A. we have directed our attention to the right object of study

B. we have accumulated experience from previous success to other fields.

C. we have found the correct answer to the question of why Man should bother about conquering space D. we have already made it possible for people to benefit from his endeavor 80. The idea express in this passage can be use in an argument ______ A. in favor of criticism on space exploration.

B. against spacing million of money on space argument. C. supported of paralleling man’s conquest with of space .

D. to justify space exploration with its for reaching significant in life. PAPER TWO

PART V TRANSLATION (40 MINUTES, 20 POINTS ) Section A (20 minutes, l0 points)

Directions: Put the following passage into Chinese. Write your Chinese version on Answer Sheet II.

Many stories in the history of science show that chance plays a definite part in scientific discovery. However, a further analysis of these stories also reveals that chance alone is not sufficient for findings of primary importance.

Scientific discovery also depends on how a scientist utilizes accidental opportunities. To ensure success, a scientist must, first of all, be able to react in a positive manner to unexpected and even apparently adverse results, taking them as stimulation for further investigation. Secondly, he must possess a superior power of observation to recognize the significance of those phenomena which often seem trivial and, therefore, may easily escape notice. This power of observation consists in a dual quality of' being sensitive to, and curious about, small accidental occurrences and of possessing a frame of reference capable of suggesting the true significance of those phenomena. Finally, he should be equipped with the capacity to plan and undertake careful and systematic experimentation. Section B (20 minutes, 10 points)

Directions: Put the following passage into English. Write your English version in the proper space on Answer Sheet II. 为了解决人类在发展过程中出现的较为难以解决的问题，全球范围内最优秀的科学家，有必要开展有效的合作。这种必要性首先可以从资金的角度得到合理的解释；其次，当许多不同类型的科学家相互密切联系在一起的时候，科学进步的速度就会加快．这种进步在不同学科的“交叉地带”尤为活跃． PART VI WRITING (30 MINUTES, l0 POINTS)

Directions : Write a short essay in no less than 120 words on the topic : On College Students' Taking Part-time Jobs

It is advisable for you to base your writing on The following points : 1) The advantages 2) The disadvantages

3) Tour conclusion and suggestions

Key For Your Reference

PartⅠ Listening Comprehension

1. C 2. B 3. D 4. B 5. A 6. A 7. C 8. B 9. D 10. A 11. C 12. D 13. B 14. C 15. D Part Ⅱ Vocabulary

16. B 17. A 18. D 19. C 20. C 21. A 22. B 23. C 24. A 25. C 26. B 27. D 28. C 29. C 30. A 31. B 32. D 33. C 34. B 35. B Part Ⅲ Cloze Test

36. A 37. B 38. A 39. B 40. A 41. D 42. D 43. A 44. A 45. B 46. C 47. B 48. D 49. D 50. D Part Ⅳ Reading Comprehension

51. C 52. A 53. D 54. C 55. C 56. A 57. D 58. B 59. B 60. C 61. C 62. D 63: C 64. D 65. B 66. A 67. B 68. D 69. B 70. D 71. B 72. A 73. C 74. D 75. D 76. A 77. B 78. C 79. B 80. D Part Ⅴ Translation Section A: English to Chinese

科学史上的许多事例表明，机遇在科学发明中起到了一定的作用。然而对这些事例的进一步分析也揭示了重大的发明仅有机遇是不够的。科学发明也取决于科学家如何利用偶然的机会。为了确保成功，首先科学家要以积极的态度对意想不到的结果或甚至表面上看来不利的结果做出积极的回应，把它们看作是对进一步研究的激励。其次他必须具有出众的观察能力，对那些往往看起来很普通而容易被忽略的现象，能认识到其重要性。这种观察能力包含两个方面：第一，对偶然发生的小事有敏感性和好奇心；第二，掌握能揭示这些现象真正含义的参考依据。此外，他能够严谨而有条不紊地设计和开展实验 Section B: Chinese to English

In order to solve the rather difficult problems in the process of human development, it is necessary for the most excellent scientists in the world to develop effective cooperation. Firstly, its necessity can be rationalized from the financing angle. Secondly, the advancement of science and technology can be sped up when scientists from different branches are closely connected. This advancement can be activated especially in the cross discipline subject areas.

June, 1996

PAPER ONE

PART I LISTENING COMPREHENSION (15 minutes, 15 points) Section A ( 1 point each )

hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard. Then on your answer sheet, find the number of the question and mark the letter that corresponds to the letter of the answer you have chosen.

1. A. He is uncertain about it. B. He will go. C. He won' t go. D. He does not answer the question. 2. A. Casually. B. Plainly. C. Lightly. D. Formally,. 3. A. Mr. Baker is very busy just now. B. Mr. Baker is exhausted for the time Lining. C. Mr. Baker is now typing a letter. D. Mr. Baker is not up yet at the moment. 4. A. Because his hands are hurting. B. Because he is too bury to open it.

C. Because his hands are not free. D. Because he doesn't know how to open it. 5. A. She's working all the time. B. She's out all the time.

C. She works every other day. D. She works in the daytime only. 6. A. It's hard to make any comments. B. He doesn't believe it is hard. C. It is harder than people say. D. It's not as hard as he thought. 7. A. The secretary is not very efficient. B. The secretary is a man.

C. The secretary lives far away from the office. D. The secretary has not been working there long. 8. A. He does not live in the dormitory any more. B. He is studying at a new university now. C. He came back to school this semester. D. He has had lots of work to do this semester.

9. A. She had difficulty falling asleep last night. B: She had to study hard for an exam yesterday. C. She's having some trouble with her colleagues. D. Her schoolwork is too difficult for her. Section B

Directions: In this section, you will hear two short passages. At the end of each of them, there will be some questions. All of them will be read to you only once. After each question, there will be a short pause. During the pause, you must choose the best answer from the four choices given by marking the corresponding letter on your answer sheet. Questions 10 through 12 are based on the following passage.

10. A. On Mark's birthday every year. B. At the end of the year. C. Very little. D. On Christmas Day.

11. A. Going to bed. B. Making a phone call. C. Shutting the front door. D. Preparing to cook his meal. 12. A. To visit Mr.White, his uncle. B. To ask Mr.White, his neighbor, a question.

C. To invite Mr.white to meet his uncle. D. To see Mr.White about some trouble at the bank. Questions 13 through 15 are based on the following passage.

13. A. A Canadian engineer. B. An Indian student. C. An international art designer. D. An Olympic athlete. 14. A. The Olympic sports game. B. An international competition C. A symposium on technology. D. A ceremony awarding prizes.

15. A. Because he is a good robot teacher at school in India. B. Because he is interested in electronic engineering. C. Because he built a fairly sophisticated robot. D. Because he won the same honor for two times. PART II VOCABULARY ( 10 minutes, 10 points) Section A ( 0.5 point each )

Directions: There are ten sentences in this section. Each sentence has one word or a set of words underlined. Below the sentence are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Choose the word or phrase that is closest in meaning to the underlined one. Mark the corresponding letter with a single bar across the square brackets on your Answer Sheet. 16. We are doing a pilot study to see if this product will sell well. A. preliminary B. experimental C. unique D. statistical 17. The room was dark and I bumped into one of the chairs in there. A. wandered B. stuffed C. proceeded D. knocked

18. Vice-president Lyndon Johnson became President of the United States following the death of J.F. Kennedy and was subsequently elected to a full term in 1964. A. later B. finally C. automatically D. legally 19. Biologists have ascertained that specialized cells convert chemical energy into mechanical energy. A. predicted B. proposed C. learned D. suspected

20. Almost every chemical plant we received information about is releasing staggeringly high rates of hazardous chemicals, even in routine release.

A. toxic B. compounded C. excess D. condensed

21. A four-day meeting was called to assess Washington's withdrawal from the United Nation's educational, scientific, and cultural organizations.

A. evaluate B. condemn C. discuss D. enforce 22. The sports meet had to be postponed because of an abrupt change in the weather. A. instant B. unfavorable C. unexpected D. amazing 23. He greeted me with a stream of abuse; that is why I got angry with him. A. bad treatment B. unkind words C. ill behavior D. flat lies

24. For some writers, words and phrases in dialects are normally reserved for humorous effects, since serious poetic ideas call for a slightly refined tone. A. reflect B. release C. requite D. resemble

25. Some people insist that the era of a computer terminal on every desk is just around the corner. while others insist that traditional teaching methods will never give way to computerized instruction. A. be improved by B. be determined by C. be surpassed by D. be replaced by Section B (0.5 point each)

Directions: There are ten sentences in this section. Each sentence has something omitted. Choose the word or words form the four choices given to best complete each sentence.

26. For each individual, several careers will be ______, and continuing education and retraining will be inescapable. A. relevant B. abnormal C. customary D. illegal 27. _____ , solar energy may be applied in three major process areas.

A. Specifically B. Particularly C. Specially D. Especially 28. The dictionary says that \ interchangeably. A. synonyms B. analogues C. analogies D. symmetries 29. We have found that in this city many retirees______ in community service and day care centers. A. Vomit B. volunteer C. violate D. vanish 30. The boxer_____ and almost fell when his opponent hit him hard.

A. shattered B. stammered C. scrambled D. staggered 31. The investigator said that the unfortunate fire had been caused by_____ electrical wiring.

A. withered B. faulty C. distorted D. permanent 32. We had the greatest difficulty_____ getting here in time.

A. imaginary B. imaginable C. imaginative D. imaginal 33. In my opinion, that is a possibility that can' t be _____.

A. ruled out B. found out C. figured out D. turned out 34. He was expelled from school_____ poor performance in studies and ill behavior.

A. on the part of B. in need of C. in favor of D. on account of 35. Can you _____ buying new equipment at a time when the company is losing so much money?

A. conduct B. contemplate C. supply D. justify PART III CLOZE TEST (10 minutes, 15 points)

Directions: Read the passage through. Then go back and choose one item of the most suitable word marked A, B, C, or D for each blank in the passage. Mark the corresponding letter of the word you have chosen with n single bar across the square brackets on your Answer Sheet.

Do you want to know something about education in the United States? Programs of instruction is 36 to children, youths, and adults in the United States, 37 schools and colleges operated by state and local governments, as 38 as by private and religious groups. The 39 of formal education in the United States differed from 40 in other Western societies in three fundamental 41 : First, Americans possessed a profound faith in education as a(n), 42 means to achieve increasingly complex individual and social 43 . Second, Americans were path-breakers in providing more years of schooling for a larger 44 of children and adolescents than any previous society. Third, Americans' remarkable faith in mass schooling was 45 through a largely decentralized organization. 46 the educational systems of other countries, which are usually 47 and financed by the national government, American education in practice has been mainly the 48 of the state and local governments; the 49 education does not even 50 in the U.S. Constitution. 36. A. offered B. applied C. equipped D. completed 37. A. without B. with C. through D. over 38. A. much B. well C. same D. so

39. A. establishment B. government C. movement D. development 40. A. that B. those C. this D. these 41. A. ideals B. respects C. faces D. views 42. A. minor B. insignificant C. principal D. principle 43. A. efforts B. statues C. goals D. ideas

44.A. amount B. volume C. quality D. percentage 45. A. implemented B. instructed C. educated D. taken 46. A. Like B. Unlike C. Dislike D. Alike 47. A. constructed B. elected C. directed D. appointed 48A.arrangement B. ideology C. opportunities D. responsibilities 49. A. word B. character C. concept D. phrase 50. A. seem B. contain C. appear D. remain PART IV READING COMPREHENSION (45 minutes, 30 points)

The poetry of Gwendolyn Brooks has been praised for deepening the significance of personal and social

experiences so that these experiences become universal in their implication. She has also been praised for her sense of form, which is basic and remarkable. Many of her poems are concerned with a black community named Bronzeville, on the south side of Chicago. Her literary skill makes Bronzeville more than just a place, on a map. This community, like all important literary places (Robinson's Yilbury Town and Masters' Spoon River, for example), becomes a testing ground of personality, a place where the raw material of experiences is shaped by imagination and where the joys and trials of

being human are both sung and judged. The qualities for which Brooks' s poetry is noted are (as one critic has pointed out) “boldness, invention, a daring to experiment, and a naturalness that does not scorn literature but absorbs it.”

Her love for poetry began early. At the age of seven, she began to put rhymes together, and when she was thirteen, one of her poems was published in a children' s magazine. During her teens she contributed more than 75 poems to a Chicago newspaper. In 1941 she began to attend a class in writing poetry at the South Side Community Art Center, and several years later, her poems began to appear in Poetry and other magazines. Her first collection of poems, A Street in Bronzeville, was published in 1945. Four years later, Annie Allen, her second collection of poems, appeared. In 1950, Allen was awarded a Pulitzer prize for poetry. A novel, Maud Marlha, about a young black girl growing up in Chicago, published in 1953 was praised for its warmth and insights. In 1963, her Selected Poems appeared. 51. The main subject of the passage is Gwendolyn Brooks' s______

A. personal background. B. literary achievements. C . hometown D. childhood. 52. According to the passage, Brooks often wrote about a community called______

A. South Side. B. Tilbury Town. C. Spoon River. D. Bronzeville. 53. Why does the author mention Tilbury Town and Spoon River? A. To give credit to two great writers.

B. To provide examples of important literary places.

C. To suggest similarities between Brooks' s style and that of other authors. D. To encourage the reader to read Robinson and Masters.

54. The author uses quotations at the end of the first paragraph primarily to______

A. help describe Brooks's poetry. B. introduce biographical information about Brooks. C. present opposing points of view about Brooks's work. D. state little-known facts about Brooks's novel. 55. According to the passage, Brooks's poetry was first published when she was______

A. seven years old. B. in her teens. C. attending a class in writing. D. an established novelist. Passage Two

The signs of the degeneration(衰退,堕落) of American society and of Western civilization are all too plain: declining educational standards, rising crime, disintegrating families and record rate of suicide among the young. Able-bodied beggars have become a common sight in cities from San Francisco to Washington, as well as in London and Paris. Murders involving guns in New York City are now more than 30 times what they were half a century ago. Racial polarization has become far more common on college campuses than it was 20 years ago, and separate living

arrangements have been created by college administrators who nevertheless proclaim their devotion to \ Official irresponsibility in Washington is symbolized by the soaring national debt---during a decade when

government revenues doubled. And the new tax increases will not reduce this debt by one penny because spending has not been cut but simply renamed \

Worst of all, much of the degeneracy of our times is not merely tolerated but celebrated. The crude words of \music (快板歌) have been sanctified in editorial columns and by Ph.D.s at respected universities. Multiple murderers are mourned at their executions. An accused child molester (骚扰儿童者) on the Stanford University faculty has a medal struck in his honor after he commits suicide when confronted with the charges.

Despite a long history of struggle by blacks for better education, it has now become common in ghetto schools for those black youngsters who excel academically to be denounced for “acting while” ---and to face social exclusion, or even physical violence, from their classmates.

The barbarians are not at the gates. They are inside. 56. According to the author, college administrators______ A. should not be blamed for racial discrimination

B. have successfully implemented satisfactory living arrangements for the students. C. approve of the various living styles among the student.

D. have contributed to racial discrimination against their promise. 57. The author believes that the national debt is soaring because______

A. government revenues have doubled. B. the officials in the government are not responsible. C. the government has invested heavily in the defense fields. D. people have failed to pay their taxes. 58. It can be inferred from the passage that the most serious social degeneration of American society is the fact that______

A. people' s moral values are confused. B. people are generally irresponsible. C. young people are no longer ambitious. D. legal system is too lenient for criminals 59. The word \

A. forbidden. B. criticized. C. accompanied. D. approved. 60. From the fifth paragraph we can see that______ A. black children now receive better education.

B. black children do better academically than white children. C. black children who do well at school are persecuted.

D. black children pay more attention to education than ever before. Passage Three

About four-fifths of the world is covered by oceans. They form the largest as well as the earliest realm inhabited by living things. In ancient seas, countless years ago, animals began making meaningful noises and detecting them.

The existence of this animal communication by sound in the “ silent world ” of the oceans has been realized widely by scientists only since the 1940s. Underwater sounds went undetected for so long chiefly because of the barrier caused by the surface film. Vibrations in air are about 99.9-percent reflected or absorbed as they strike a water surface.

Vibrations within the water are imprisoned in the same way. Rarely can a skin-diver hear underwater sounds past the air remaining in his ears.

Though scientific study of underwater noises did not begin before our century, their existence has long been known. Leonardo da Vinci, the famous artist-inventor of the fifteenth century, is credited with recommending that a person listen to the handle of an oar dipped vertically into the water. Primitive fishermen in the South Seas and West Africa actually use this method, having invented it for themselves. Vibrations begun as underwater sounds are transmitted by the wood with enough energy for a human ear to notice if it is pressed against the handle. Fishermen who use. the method rely upon the fact that fish are, as is now clear from scientific research, “incredibly garrulous.”

More than two thousand years ago, the first great writer on natural science, the Greek Aristotle, suggested possible origins for some underwater sounds. One of his observations was that some fish shifted their internal organs in ways that seemed to product vibrations in the swim bladder--a gas-filled bag lying in the body just below the backbone and the kidneys. Modern research has shown that many fish have muscles that contract to throw the swim bladder vibration, producing sounds transmitted to the surrounding water. Older and larger fishes pitch the note far below younger and smaller ones of the same kind, showing that their voices change as they grow.

Learning to identify and make use of underwater sounds is a new scientific game. It relies upon the same ability man has shown in recognizing birds and other land creatures by their calls. The challenge, however, is far greater. The inhabitants of the seas are greatly varied and mysterious; most of them cannot be followed by any method yet devised. Their voices, coming from the shallows and deeps, fairly cry for attention. Yet we still have too little knowledge to identify many of the callers.

61. Most people used to think______

A. sea animals could make meaningful sounds. B. oceans were the largest realm of living things. C. seas and oceans were silent worlds. D. man was unable to hear underwater sounds. 62. The reason why man used to think that way is that______

A. sea animals have had a longer history than humans. B. water surface forms a barrier to sound waves.

C. scientists have neglected this field of study. D. skin-divers rarely report what they hear underwater. 63. According to the author, Leonardo da Vinci was among the earliest who______

A. found a new way of fishing. B. detected the noises of sea animals. C. used an oar to prove a scientific discovery. D. started scientific study of sea animals. 64. Ancient fishermen found that fish were ' garrulous' which means______

A. talkative. B. intelligent. C. stupid. D. responsive. 65. Which of the following is true?

A. L. da Vinci recommended the oar method to African fishermen. B. Scientists found that as fish grow older, their voices become lower. C. Skin-divers can hear most of the sounds fish make in the ocean.

D. Aristotle found that fish could make sound by contracting their muscles.

66. The study of underwater sounds is made difficult by all the following EXCEPT that______ A. there are too many kinds of sea animals for us to study. B. the subject is still fairly new to the researchers of the world. C. our technology is not yet advanced enough to study sea animals. D. we are not yet able to identify land creatures by their sounds. Passage Four

There were two widely divergent influences on the early development of statistical methods. Statistics had a mother who was dedicated to keeping orderly records of governmental units (state and statistics come from the same Latin root, status) and a gentlemanly gambling father who relied on mathematics to increase his skill at playing the odds in games of chance. The influence of the mother on the offspring, statistics, is represented by counting, measuring, describing,

tabulating, ordering, and the taking of censuses -- all of which led to modern descriptive statistics. From the influence of the father came modern inferential statistics, which is based directly on theories of probability.

Descriptive statistics involves tabulating, depicting, and describing collections of data. These data may be

quantitative, such as measures of height, intelligence, or grade level --- variables that are characterized by an underlying continuum --- or the data may represent qualitative variables, such as sex, college major, or personality type. Large masses of data must generally undergo a process of summarization or reduction before they are comprehensible. Descriptive statistics is a tool for describing or summarizing or reducing to comprehensible form the properties of an otherwise unwieldy mass of data.

Inferential statistics is a formalized body of methods for solving another class of problem that present great difficulties for the unaided human mind. This general class of problems characteristically involves attempts to make predictions using a sample of observations. For example, a school headmaster wishes to determine the proportion of children in a large school system, who come to school without breakfast, have been vaccinated for flu, or whatever.

Having a little knowledge of statistics, the headmaster would know that it is unnecessary and inefficient to question each child; the proportion for tile entire district could be estimated fairly accurately from a sample of as few as 100 children.

Thus, the purpose of inferential statistics is to predict or estimate characteristics of a population from a knowledge of the Characteristics of only a sample of the population. 67. With what is the passage mainly concerned?

A. The drawbacks of descriptive and inferential statistics. B. Applications of inferential statistics. C. The development and use of statistics. D. How to use descriptive statistics. 68. According to the first paragraph, counting and census - taking are associated with______

A. inferential statistics. B. descriptive statistics. C. unknown variables. D. qualitative changes. 69. Why does the author mention the \ A. To point out the parents mm leach their children statistics.. B. To introduce inferential statistics.

C. To explain that there are different kinds of variables.

D. To present the background of statistics in a humorous and understandable way. 70. The word \

A. data. B. variables. C. properties. D. levels.

71. Which of the following statements about descriptive statistics is best supported by the passage?

A. It reduces large amounts of data to a more comprehensible form. B. It is based on probability.

C. It can be used by people with little knowledge of mathematics. D. It measures only qualitative differences. 72. The word \

A. understandable B. unpredictable C. unmanageable D. unreliable 73. According to the passage, what is the purpose of examining a sample of a population?

A. To compare different groups. B. To predict characteristics of the entire population,

C. To detect differences not observable in time whole population. D. To compile more accurate data. Passage Five

The objective of the migrant health program of the United Stales government is to provide grants for the

development and enhancement of high quality health care services in rural areas for migrant and seasonal farm workers and their families so as to raise the status of health care for these people to that of the general population. This

improvement can be achieved by providing comprehensive health services, which are made accessible to people who move frequently, and by improving the physical environment so as to assure healthful living and working conditions wherever workers are located.

Grants are available to state and local health departments and other nonprofit agencies, organization, and nstitutions. These funds can be used for the following purposes: to establish and operate general family health service facilities and clinics, to provide health education, training, and sanitation services to upgrade health conditions, and to initiate preventive health service. Preventive care in the form of immunization programs is the oldest aspect of the program.

The program further attempts to promote flexibility in locating health services where they will be accessible at 6mes and places convenient to migrant workers and their families. The family health care clinic, with additional outreach services by field nurses and aides who visit migrant families in camps and al their homes for counseling and follow-up, constitutes the newest and most significant innovation. However, despite the introduction of innovative approaches, health care services for migrant workers are still limited and highly inadequate.

Although the migrant health program has no fixed matching ratio, a grantee is required to pay part of the cost, which varies from project to project. Many rural counties do not have enough money to cover matching payments, nor do many states consider migrant workers health a budget priority. The cost-sharing requirement limits the potential effectiveness of the program, and literally hundreds of communities with a yearly inflow of migrant workers still lack organized local programs to provide the needed services.

A major problem for local or slate health agencies is their inability to develop case histories and ongoing

communication with migrant workers. Lack of knowledge regarding migrant workers health need is another reason for the deficiency of services. There has been little communication about health problems among communities, health professional, and migrant workers themselves. Ignorance of a group' s special needs often lends to exclusion and

rejection of that group and its problems. This is often the case with migrant workers, as evidenced by the enforcement of state residency requirement. It is, of course, impossible for most migrant workers to meet these requirements and become eligible for existing state and local health and welfare aid.

74. The author' s primary purpose in the passage is to______

A. project the outcome of proposed programs. B. defend new policy statement. C. explain present plans and problems. D. denounce former inadequacies.

75. It can be inferred from the passage that all of the following have contributed to the shortage of health care services for migrant workers EXCEPT______

A. unwillingness of medical personnel to participate in federal health programs. B. ignorance of their needs on the part of decision makers. C. budget priorities of state governments.

D. cost-sharing requirements of federal projects.

76. According to the passage, the first aspect of the migrant workers health program to be effectively set up were the_ A. health education programs. B. sanitation services. C. immunization programs. D. ecology programs. 77. The author would most likely propose which of the following to the United States government as most effective means to rapidly expand the provision of health care services to migrant workers'______

A. Extending the current program to include all agricultural workers and their families. B. Sponsoring studies of the effectiveness of present health care facilities for migrants. C. Training special medical workers for the health care services.

D. Undertaking total financing of some projects of the health care services.

78. The author is LEAST specific in the discussion of which of the following aspects of the migrant health problem? A. Plains For improving working conditions for migrant workers.

B. Means by which health care services are made accessible to migrant workers. C. Regulations that have hindered widespread implementation of the health program. D. Basic objectives of the health program for migrant workers.

79. The author' s attitude toward cost-sharing requirements is best described as being______ A. indifferent. B. agreeable. C. optimistic. D. critical.

80. Which of the following conclusions related to migrant workers is most directly supported by evidence cited in the passage?

A. Nonprofit agencies can be expected to significantly expand their provision of health care services to migrant workers. B. The present migrant health program has the potential to expand migrant health care services if local financial aid is not required.

C. Migrant workers prefer that the federal government not interfere in the affairs. D. Most migrant workers have rejected the health services offered by local agencies.

Paper two Section A (20 minutes, l0 points)

Directions: Put the following passage into Chinese. Write your Chinese version in the proper space on Answer Sheet II. In the quickening international debate over global warming, the spotlight has played mostly on the question of how and whether to control the growing emission of carbon dioxide and other gases that trap heat in the atmosphere. Now another concerning is starting to come forth as well. No matter what action is taken, some scientists say, there are already enough of these “greenhouse” gases in the atmosphere to cause a major warming, and much more is certain to accumulate before the buildup can be halted. As a result, climatologists, social scientists, planners and government officials are beginning to focus on how society might adapt to rising sea levels, shifting agricultural zones, changing climates and other problems that global warming would bring if it occurs on a significant scale. Section B (20 minutes, 10 points)

Directions: Put the following passage into English. Write your English Version in the proper space on Answer Sheer II 我们所吃的食物看起来对我们的健康有很大的影响．虽然科学已取得很大进步，使食物更有益于健康，但同时它也使得许多食物变得不宜食用．有些研究表明，或许人类80％的疾病和40％的癌症，尤其是结肠癌都与饮食有关。

PART VI WRITING (30 minutes, 10 points)

Directions: For this part, you are required to write a composition of no less than 120 words on: The Best Way of Traveling

Traveling has become part of our life today. People travel from place to place by plane, by train, by ship or on foot for different purposes .Which of them do you like best, say, on a summer vacation? Give reasons why you prefer traveling that way.

Key For Your Reference

PartⅠ Listening Comprehension

1. B 2. D 3. A 4. C 5. A 6. C 7. D 8. A 9. C 10. C 11.D 12. A 13. B 14. B 15. C Part Ⅱ Vocabulary

16. B 17. D 18. A 19. C 20. A 21. A 22. C 23. B 24. C 25. D 26. C 27. A 28. A 29. B 30, D 31. B 32. B 33. A 34. D 35. D Part Ⅲ Cloze Test

36. A 37. C 38. B 39. D 40. A 41. B 42. C 43. C 44. D 45. A 46. B 47. C 48. D 49. A 50. C Part Ⅴ Translation Section A: English to Chinese

在国际有关地球变暖的日益激烈的辩论中，人们一向把主要注意力集中在是否控制及如何控制二氧化碳及其他气体日益增多的排放量上。因为它们使热量被截留在大气中。现在另一个问题也开始引起人们的关注了。科学家们认为，不管采取什么措施，目前大气中已有的“温室”气体足够使地球明显变暖。而且，在能够制止其增多之前，这类气体必然还将大量积聚。因此，气候学家、社会科学家、规划制订者及政府官员们正在开始集中研究，在全球出现显著变暖时，社会如何应付海平面上升，农业区域转移，气候变化及其他各种问题。 Section B: Chinese to English

The food we eat seems to have profound effects on our health. Although science has made enormous steps in making food more beneficial to our health , it has, at the same time, made many foods unfit to eat. Some research has shown that perhaps eighty percent of all human illnesses are related to diet and forty percent of cancer is related to the diet as well, especially cancer of the colon.

December, 1996

PAPER ONE

PART I LISTENING COMPREHENSION (15 minutes, 15 points)

Section A (1 point each)

2. A. He thinks there is nothing wrong with it. B. He believes the cake tastes burnt. C. He considers it too sweet. D. He believe it tastes too dry.

3. A. She thinks he was foolish to drop chemistry. B. She approves of his choice.

C. She thinks he should take a chemistry class. D. She doesn't think he should study chemistry. 4. A. Ray will have a class at 1:00. B. Ray will go to the library at 2:00. C. Ray will go home immediately after class. D. Ray will go home around 3:00. 5. A. He often complains. B. He is short man.

C. He is worried about something. D. He is a happy sort of person.

6. A. He thinks he has been overcharged. B. He doesn't like his neighbor.

C. He is unhappy with the available apartments. D. He is forced to move out of his apartment. 7. A. Louis has repaired it. B. Someone has fixed it. C. Louis has sold it. D. It's been thrown out. 8. A. For a speech contest. B. For a yearly conference.

C. For a running race. D. For a women's swimming contest.

9. A. Have a party for the Jackson's. B. Ask the Jackson's to tell her their address. C. Ask Henry for the Jackson's address. D. Invite their friend Henry to the party. Section B (1 point each)

Directions: In this section, you will hear two short passages. At the end of each of them, there will be some questions. Both the passages and the questions will be read to you only once. After each question, there will be a pause. During the pause, you must choose the best answer from the four choices given by marking the corresponding letter on your Answer Sheet.

10. A. Historical development of film-making. B. Making a special film about fishing. C. A special man in film industry. D. Special effects in film-making.

11. A. They do not harm anyone. B. He applied a small amount of electricity.

C. The director gave him an idea. D. He edited the pictures and put them together later. 12. A. He used a glass bowl. B. He applied a small amount of electricity,

C. The director gave him an idea. D. He edited the pictures and put them together later. 13. A. What causes oil spills. B. Where oil spills occur.

C. Flow to treat oil spills. D. How often oil spills take place.

14. A. it affects oil field production. B. It threatens plants and animals. C. It combines with salt. D. It gives off an offensive smell.

15. A. They soak up oil only. B. They are manufactured in liquid form only. C. They don't originate in the sea. D. They are safe for wildlife consumption. PART H VOCABULARY (10 minutes, 10 points) Section A (0.5 point each)

16. The attorney thought that piece of evidence was in significant early in the investigation, but it turned out to be vital in convicting the criminal.

A. unalterable B. experimental C. unimportant D. distinctive

17. The man occupying Jane's seat stubbornly refused to leave until she came back with the user. A. strenuously B. wearily C. obviously D. firmly

18. Inquisitive children are always asking how things work or why something is the way it is. A. Curious B. Intelligent C. Creative D. Independent.

19. The supply of silver in the mines had dwindled, causing great concern among the people of the town. A. transformed B. disappeared C. diminished D. submerged

20. The climate of these islands is so warm all through the year that people who live there can virtually do without clothes.

A. partially B. actually C. smoothly D. utterly

21. The first few series of the TV play were really bad. But for some reason the public took to it. A. kept up with B. came to like C. got used to D. lost interest in

22. Since there are several different accounts of the actress's death, it is difficult to say what had really happened. A. reasons B. consequences C. suspects D. versions

23. Mr. Del was asked to condense his report in order to allow his audience some time to ask questions. A. abbreviate B. expand C. continue D. resume 24. She forced herself not to give way to her emotions. A. put stress on B. show respect to C. lose control of D. make a fuss over

25. Realizing that many readers find long descriptive passages uninteresting. Bruce began his story with an exciting conflict.

A. incredible B. tedious C. incomprehensive D. offensive Section B (0.5 point each)

Directions: There are the sentences in this section. Each sentence has something omitted. Choose the word or word from the four choices given to best complete each sentence. Mark the corresponding letter on your Answer Sheet. 26. In order to reduce the cost, the orchard owners employed only____ labor to pick the fruit. A. permanent B. chronic C. civilian D. casual

27. You must not install this piece of equipment in the lab because it does not ____ the official safety standards. A. conform to B. confirm C. affirm D. adhere to 28. What she told you was a ____of the truth.

A. confusion B. conflict C. distinction D. distortion 29. The ink had faded with time and so parts of the letter were ____ A. illegible B. illiterate C. illegitimate D. illogical

30. We all owe a debt of ____ to the local council, without whose help this event could hot have been staged. A. gravitation B. glory C. guarantee D. gratitude

31. While they were away on vacation, they allowed their mail to ____ at the post office. A. pile up B. turn up C. rise up D. cover up 32. I don't think you can ____ anything from the limited evidence you have. A. impart B. refer C. infer D. imply 33. Laws must be very clearly worded; they must be well ____

A. submitted B. executed C. formulated D. reckoned 34. The workers' strikes and demonstrations were____ by the army.

A. discharged B. suppressed C. abolished D. depressed

35. With the help of the latest theory, he developed a computer system for the annual __ of employees' work. A. approach B. appraisal C. aptitude D. assertion PART III CLOZE TEST (10 minutes, 15 points)

Directions: Read the passage through. Then go back and choose one item of the most suitable word(s) marked A, B, C or D for each blank in the passage. Mark the corresponding letter of the word(s) you have chosen on your Answer Sheet. A body of research since the 1950s shows that children who see televised violence behave more aggressively. This is true across 36 locations and socioeconomic levels, for both boys and girls, and for normal children 37 children with emotional problems. This does not 38 mean that televised violence causes aggression. It is possible that children already prone to violence become 39 so after seeing it on screen. Also, they may watch more violent television. Finally, it is possible that some third factor is 40 maybe children who watch and 41 aggressively to televised violence are punished more than other children.

In any case, aggressive children 42 watch more television than non-aggressive children, identify more strongly 43 aggressive characters, and are more 44 to believe that aggression on television 45 real life. Aggressive acts 46 a more vivid impression than any punishment the \television encourages aggressive behavior in two ways: children imitate 49 they see on television, and they also absorb the values transmitted and 50 to accept aggression. 36. A. residential B. suburban C. minority D. geographic 37. A. also B. except C. as well as D. besides 38. A. actually B. admittedly C. really D. necessarily 39. A. even B. more C. less D. still

40. A. involved B. considered C. explained D. neglected 41. A. resign B. react C. reflect D. neglected 42. A. never B. do C. hardly D. sometimes 43. A. for B. as C. with D. by

44. A. likely B. subject C. unwilling D. anxious 45. A. indicates B. reflects C. modifies D. instructs 46. A. exert B. invent C. make D. anxious 47. A. receives B. accepts C. perceives D. takes

48. A. predicts B. attributes C. evaluates D. concludes 49. A. what B. that C. when D. which 50. A. have B. take C. come D. go

PART IV READING COMPREHENSION ( 45 minutes, 30 points)

Directions: In this part of the text, there are five passages for you to read. Read each passage carefully, and then do the questions that follow. Choose the best answer A, B, C or D, and mark the corresponding letter on your Answer Sheet. Passage One

The need for surgical operation, especially an emergency operation, almost always comes as a severe shock to the patient and his family. Despite modern advances, most people still have an irrational fear of hospitals and anesthetics (麻醉). Patients do not often believe they really need surgery---cutting into a part of the body as opposed to treatment with drugs.

In the early years of this century there was little specialization in surgery. A good surgeon was capable of

performing almost every operation that had been devised up to that time. Today the situation is different. Operations are now being carried out that were not even dreamed of fifty years ago. The heart can be safely opened and its valves

repaired. Clogged blood vessels can be cleaned out, and broken ones mended or replaced. A lung, the whole stomach, or even part of the brain can be removed and still permit the patient to live a comfortable and satisfactory life. However, not every surgeon wants to or is qualified to carry out every type of modem operation.

The scope of surgery has increased remarkably in this century. Its safety has increased too. Deaths from most operations are about 20% of what they were in 1910 and surgery has been extended in many directions, for example, to certain types of birth defects in new born babies, and, at the other end of the scale, to life-saving operations for the

patients who are in their eighties. The hospital stay after surgery has been shortened to as little as a week for most major operations. Most patients are out of bed on the day after an operation and may be back at work in two or three weeks. 51. Most people are afraid of being operated on____

A. because they think modem drugs are dangerous. B. in spite of improvements in hospital service. C. because they do not believe they need anesthetics. D. even if it is an emergency operation. 52. Surgeons in the early years of this century, compared with modern ones,____ A. had less to learn about surgery. B. needed more knowledge.

C. could perform every operation known today. D. were more trusted by their patients. 53. Open heart surgery has been possible____

A. only in the last fifty years. B. from prehistoric times.

C. since the nineteenth century. D. since the invention of valves

54. A patient can still live a comfortable and satisfactory life, even after the removal of____ A. his brain. B. his lungs.

C. a major organ such as the stomach or one lung. D. part of the stomach or the whole live. 55. Modem surgeons____

A. do not like to perform operations of the new type. B. are not as highly qualified as the older ones.

C. are obliged to specialize more than their predecessors. D. often perform operations which are not really needed. Passage Two

The free enterprise has produced a technology capable of providing the American consumer with the largest and most varied marketplace in the world. Technological advances, however, have come hand-in-hand with impersonal mass marketing of good and services. Along with progress, too, have come some instances of manipulative advertising practices and a great increase of products whose reliability, safety and quality are difficult to evaluate.

Today's consumers buy, enjoy, use and discard more types of goods than could possibly have been imagined even a few years ago. Yet too often consumers have no idea of the materials that have gone into the manufacturer's finished product or their own motivation in selecting one product over another.

Easy credit and forceful techniques of modern marketing persuade many consumers to buy what they cannot afford. The consequent overburdening of family budgets is a problem for consumers at all economic levels. It is not unusual for families to allocate 20 percent or more of their income to debt repayments without understanding the effect this

allocation has upon other choices. Some families have such tight budgets that an illness, a period of unemployment, or some other crisis finds them without adequate reserves.

In addition to the growing complexity of the market, consumers are sometimes faced with unfair and deceptive

practices. Although there are laws designed to protect the consumers, there is not a sufficient number of law enforcers to cover all the abuses of the marketplace.

An adult in today's society should be knowledgeable in the use of credit. He should understand what is involved in purchasing a house, and the many pitfalls to be avoided when entering into financial agreements. He should know enough about advertising and selling techniques to enable him to discern the honest from the deceptive. He should be knowledgeable about consumer protection laws so that he can demand his rights. When he needs help, he should know the private and public sources to which he can turn for assistance. 56. This passage is concerned mostly with____

A. the effects of the free enterprise system. B. the difficulty of living on a fixed income. C. innovative techniques in food processing. D. the advances of advertising techniques. 57. The author implies that____

A. products are more expensive in the U.S. than anywhere else. B. credit cards are often used illegally. C. products very often do not perform as advertised. D. most Americans like to buy what they can afford. 58. Consumers often do not know____

A. the brand names of products they buy regularly. B. why they purchase certain products. C. the current interest rates on savings accounts. D. where to buy cheaper things. 59. The author warns the reader to be cautious when buying items____

A. on sale. B. on credit. C. at discount. D. advertised in newspapers. 60. The author points out that some families have overspent so much that they____ A. are unprepared for financial emergencies.

B. forget to claim interest charges on their income tax forms. C. spend more money on food than they would like to.

D. cannot afford to purchase a house without knowing its true value.

Passage Three

Under pressure from animal welfare groups, two national science teachers associations have adopted guidelines that ban or prohibit classroom experiments harming animals. The National Association of Biology Teachers and the National Science Teachers Association hope to end animal abuse in elementary and secondary schools and, in turn, discourage students from mishandling animals in home experiments and science fair projects.

Animal welfare groups are apparently most concerned with high school students experimenting with animals in extracurricular projects. Barbara Orlans, president of the Scientists Center for Animal Welfare, said students have been casually performing surgery, testing known toxic substances, and running other experiments on animals without even knowing normal physiology.

At one science fair, a student cut off the leg and tail of a lizard (蜥蜴) to demonstrate that only the tail can regenerate, she said. In another case, a student bound a few birds, starved the, and observed their behavior. \

Administrators of major science fairs are short-tempered over the teachers policy change and the impression it has created. The teachers \the International Science and]Engineering Fair.\cold water on students inquisitiveness, he said.

Grafton said he wouldn't deny there hasn't been animal abuse among projects at the international fair, but he added that judges reject contestants who have unnecessarily injured animals. The judges have a hard time monitoring local and regional fairs that may or may not choose to comply with the international fair's rules that stress proper care of animals, Grafton said.

He said that several years ago, the Westinghouse Science Talent Search banned harmful experiments to animals when sponsors threatened to cancel their support after animal welfare groups pressed for change.

Officials of the two teachers' organizations say that they don't know how much animals have been abused in the classroom. On the one hand, many biology teachers are not trained in the proper care of animals. On the other, use of animals in experiments has dropped in recent years because of school budget cuts. The association may set up seminars to teach better animal care to its members.

61. According to the passage, animal welfare groups have succeeded in____ A. stopping all animal abuse in schools.

B. urging two national science teachers associations to adopt an animal protection policy. C. banning animals from being experimented with in extracurricular projects. D. establishing laws that ban school experiments harming animals. 62. From the passage we can infer that____

A. some experiments with animals performed by students are unnecessarily cruel. B. it is dangerous for students to perform surgery because they are too young. C. animals should not be killed because many of them are becoming extinct. D. younger students are crueler than elder ones in treating animals. 63. Why are administrators of science fairs angry?

A. Because teachers do not seem to support science fairs. B. Because they have been cheated by Barbara Orlans.

C. Because they have been held responsible for butchering animals. D. Because they think home animal experiments shouldn't be banned.

64. Which of the following is NOT an inference from Grafion's account of Westinghouse Science Talent Search? A. Grafton and his colleagues have always been resisting harmful experiments on animals. B. Banning harmful animal experiments may mean running the risk of losing financial support. C. Animal welfare groups have been closely watching any possible harm done to animals. D. There had been no animal abuse found in the Westinghouse projects.

65. Compared with home experiments or science fair projects, the situation in classroom animal abuse seems____ A. worse due to lack of funding. B. more difficult to define. C. better because of teachers' training. D. tough to be controlled. 66. Thurman Grafton suggests that____

A. animal abuse is horrible and should be terminated in any circumstances.

B. the teachers are making a wrong change in policy to ban all animal experiments.

C. the International Science and Engineering Fair will cease to operate because of the new policies. D. experiments on animals will help develop students' curiosity.

67. It can be seen from the passage that the teachers ban harmful experiments to animals in order to____ A. maintain ecological balance. B. please animal welfare groups.

C. get financial support from their sponsors. D. protect necessary harmless experiments on animals. Passage Four

Music is the result of thought in the form of attitude, or stance. There is no one way of thinking, since men's values are as scattered and dissimilar as individual men themselves. If black music can be seen as the result of certain attitudes, certain specific ways of thinking about the world, then my basic hypothesis about music is understood. The black man's music changed as the changed, reflecting shifting attitudes or consistent attitudes within change contexts. It is why the music changed that seems most important to me.

When jazz first began to appear on the American scene during the twenties, in one form or another, it was

introduced in many instances by white Americans.Yet its original conception and its most vital development were the result of certain attitudes, or empirical ideas, attributable to the Afro-American culture. Jazz as played by white

musicians was not the same as that played by black musicians nor was there any reason for it to be. The music of the white jazz musician was, at its most profound, a learned art.

The blues, for example, which I take to be an autonomous black music, was practically ignored in pre-jazz white American culture. Blues is an extremely important part of jazz. However, the way in which jazz utilizes the blues \music. The white musician understood the blues first as music, but seldom as an attitude, since the attitude of the white musician was necessarily quite a different one. And in many cases, it was not consistent with the making of jazz.

Thus, the trumpets of Bix Beiderbecke and Louis Armstrong were very dissimilar. The white middle-class boy from Iowa was an inborn intellectual and had an emotional life that was based on his conscious or unconscious disapproval of most of the ritual of his culture. On the other hand, Armstrong was, in terms of an emotional archetype, an honored priest of his culture. He was not rebelling against anything with his music. The incredible irony of the situation was that both stood in similar places in the superstructure of American society: Beiderbecke, because of his isolation and deviation from mass culture; and Armstrong, because of the socio-historical separation of the black man from the rest of American.

68. Which of the following best states the underlying idea of the passage?

A. Because of environmental influences, the music of black and white artists must be very different. B. Because it is the result of thought, the music of black artists can be learned by white musicians.

C. Because jazz is primarily a musical form created on inspiration, it is difficult for one musician to copy the style of another.

D. Because music has social significance, its influence on black white relations should not be underestimated.

69. With which of the following statements about the relationship between blues and jazz in American culture would the author be most likely to agree?

A. Jazz placed more emphasis on Afro-American culture than did the blues. B. Jazz changed the attitudes of white musicians toward Afro-American culture.

C. Jazz was based on the blues attitude, but expressed it in a manner that was comprehensible to white musicians. D. Jazz was a form of music that had to be understood in order to be played, whereas the blues had to be learned. 70. Why does the author the blues an important part of jazz? A. It expresses the attitude from which jazz developed. B. It formed the musical foundation for jazz.

C. It provided a way to merge black's and white's attitudes to music. D. It provided a transitional style from older to more modern jazz form. 71. The tone of the author's discussion of the blues is primarily one of____

A. indifference. B. appreciation. C. curiosity D. uncertainty. 72. The author states that he is primarily concerned with discussing____

A. the stability of attitudes and contexts. B. the ways in which changing social contexts affect attitudes. C. changes in jazz forms since the twenties. D. human factors influencing musical change. 73. According to the author, Beiderbecke and Armstrong were similar in which of the following?

A. The attitudes they brought to their music. B. Their ability to reflect other cultures in their music. C. Their relationships to the cultures of their ancestors. D. The positions they came to hold in American society. 74. The author implies that the kinds of music produced by Beiderbecked and Armstrong differ greatly because____ A. the attitudes of blacks and whites as reflected in their music are necessarily different. B. Beiderbecke's intellectualism hampered his development as a musician. C. rebellion acted as a destructive force on Beiderbecke's performance.

D. Armstrong was well established as a performer and Beiderbecke was not. Passage Five

Different types of premodern societies can be identified not only on the bases of their family and kinship structures and their methods of production, but also on the basis of their political systems--that is, the procedures they adopt to regulate social relations among their members. Broadly, two types of political systems can be distinguished among premodern peoples: states and stateless societies.

States possess centralized authority, administrative bodies, and judicial organs--in short, a government. Stated may contain only one ethnic (种族的)group, or they may include several distinct peoples. In either case, a central ruler, usually a king or supreme chief, has authority over all the people in a given territory, whether they belong to one ethnic group or to many. The ruler's power may be abused, but such power is recognized as legitimate. Disputes between

individuals, authority usually possesses an organized armed force that can carry out its will. In such societies, differences of wealth, privilege, and status are common and usually correspond closely to differences in power and authority. Stateless societies lack centralized authority. This does not mean, however, that they have no political system. It means that their system is hard for many people to understand. In such societies lineage (descent), not territory, is the basis of social organization. In one common pattern, everyone in a village belongs to one of two lineage groups that are believed to share a common ancestor. Most social activities (such as planting or marketing) are carried out within these

groups. The whole village population, however, forms one lineage unit in relation to the population of a nearby village, with whom they are believed to share a more distant ancestor. The same is true at higher levels.

In these societies there are no permanent governing bodies; there are only relations between groups. When members of two lineage groups in a village have a dispute, elders of the two groups mediate. Disputes involving persons in two villages are settled by the elders of the villages. If force is used, it must be met with opposing force: there is no central armed force to which an individual or a group can appeal.

In stateless societies, extremes of wealth and status are rare because they threaten the consensus on which such societies depend. Yet stateless societies need not be small. Populations as high as on million have been organized on this basis. Nor are stateless societies necessarily different from states in actual kinship structures, religious practices, or methods of production.

75. According to the passage, states and stateless societies differ primarily in____ A. the methods of production they use. B. the size of their populations. C. their religious beliefs and kinship rules. D. their authority structures. 76. Which is true of premodern states referred to in the passage?

A. They may have significantly greater social tensions than stateless societies. B. There are no sharp differences of status among the members. C. They are always composed of several distinct ethnic groups. D. They have higher populations than stateless societies.

77. According to the passage, which statement best describes the relationship between wealth and political power? A. Extremes of wealth are most likely when there is no central authority.

B. Political power and wealth are most likely to be concentrated in different hands. C. Centralized authority is only possible if no grou0p has extreme wealth.

D. The distribution of wealth and that of political power are likely to be similar.

78. Premodern states possess specialized administrative bodies, while stateless societies do not, most probably because premodern states____

A. are more economically developed. B. experience a larger number of disputes among their citizens. C. have permanently existing governments. D. experience more challenges to the territorial unity of the society. 79. The author probably thinks that the political system in stateless societies is \(paragraph 3) because____

A. such societies have been insufficiently studied.

B. little is known about how such societies actually function.

C. the political system in such societies is very different from that in most modem societies.

D. although such societies do manage their affairs, they cannot accurately be said to have a political system. 80. According to the passage, an agricultural society could be____

A. a state. B. a stateless society. C. either A or B D. neither A nor B.

PAPER TWO

PART V TRANSLATION (40 minutes, 20 points) Section A (20 minutes, 10 points)

Directions: Put the following passage into Chinese. Write your Chinese version in the proper space on Answer Sheet II. The way that people spend their money, and the objects on which they spend it, are the last areas where free choice and individuality can be expressed. The choice reflects personal taste, the way people see themselves and the fantasies they have about their lives, the restrictions on money available to them, the presence of others in the family with a claim on that money, and the influence of current convention, upbring, surroundings and locality. Shopping is an important human activity.

Yet shoppers are faced with a confusing situation and a rapidly changing one. The confusion arises from the claims made by advertising, from inadequate information about products, new products, new materials, new places to shop--a confusion enhanced by rising prices and a wider choice of goods than ever before. Section B (20 minutes, 10 points)

Directions: Put the following paragraph into English.Write your English Version in the proper space on Answer Sheet II. 地球上生物物种估计在500万到800万之间，其中科学家已经记叙的才140种。专家认为，在今后的20-30年，25%的世界生物物种有面临灭绝的危险，这对世界范围的农业、医学和工业将造成严重的影响。 PART VI WRITING (30 minutes, 10 points)

A Letter to the Chairman of Your Department

Directions: Write a letter to the chairman of your department, giving him or her your comments on the school work during the past semester. You can make complaints, offer constructive suggestions or affirmative evaluation on the courses available to you, or on classroom teaching, lab work, research sources or any other aspects of the education you are receiving. Don't try to touch on all the problems at one time, because this is going to be a short letter of no less than 120 words.

Key For your Reference

Part Ⅰ Listening Comprehension

1. B 2. A 3. D 4. D 5. A 6. C 7. B 8. C 9. C 10. D ll. A 12. B 13. C 14. B 15. A Part Ⅱ Vocabulary

16. C 17. D 18. A 19. C 20. B 21. B 22. D 23. A 24. C 25. B

26. D 27. A 28. D 29. A 30. D 31. A 32. C 33. C 34. B 35. B Part Ⅲ Cloze Test

36. D 37. C 38. D 39. B 40. A 41. B 42. B 43. C 44. A 45. B 46. C 47. A 48. D 49. A 50. C Part Ⅳ Reading Comprehension

51. D 52. B 53. A 54. C 55. C 56. A 57. C 58. B 59. B 60. A 61. B 62. A 63. C 64. D 65. B 66. D 67. B 68. A 69. C 70. B 71. B 72. D 73. D 74. A 75. D 76. A 77. D 78. C 79. C 80. C Part Ⅴ Translation Section A: English to Chinese

人们花钱的方式及花钱买什么样的东西，是仅存的可以表现个人爱好(选择)及个性的生活领域了。这种爱好反映个人品位，对自己的看法，对生活的憧憬，经济条件的局限，共同消费的家庭成员，以及社会当前的习俗、教养、环境、地段对个人的影响。购物是一项重要的人类活动。

然而，购物者们正面对一种急速变化、令人困惑的局面，这种困惑来自广告的宣传，来自对产品、新产品、新材料、新购物地点等情况的缺乏了解——这种困惑因物价不断上涨，物品选择范围比以前任何时候更大而加剧。 Section B: Chinese to English

Estimates of the number of living species on Earth vary from 5 million to 8 million, of which only 1.4 million have been described. Experts believe that 25 percent of the Earth's total biological diversity is at the risk of extinction during the next 20 to 30 years, with serious world-wide implications for agriculture, medicine and industry.

June, 1997

PAPER ONE

PART I LISTENING COMPREHENSION (15 minutes, 15 points) Section A ( 1 point each )

Directions: In this section, you will hear nine short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each

conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The questions and the conversations will be spoken only once. Choose the best answer from the four choices given by marking the corresponding letter A. B, C or D on your Answer sheet.

1. A. Traveling a lot. B. Working too hard.

C. Waiting for the train. D. Getting a lot of exercise. 2. A. About their friend Vicks. B. About their children.

C. About Vicky's new home. D. About a new way of cooking.

3. A. Students. B. Passengers C. Businesspersons. D. Reporters.

4. A. At ten o'clock. B. At ten thirty C. At eleven o'clock. D At eleven thirty. 5. A. They have the same amount of memory, but one is faster.

B. They are the same speed and have the same amount of memory. C. One has more memory and is faster.

D. The slower one has a greater capacity for memory.

6. A. He was released from the hospital. B. He is angry because he is in the hospital. C. He writes his article as usual. D. He has stopped writing because he is ill. 7. A. The winter has just begun. B. Once it starts, it'll snow a lot.

C. They're ready for the snow. D. It has been snowing for some time.

8. A. He wants to stay in school longer after graduation. B. He needs more credits before he can graduate. C. He is going to drop out of school. D. He has taken all his classes in his major. 9. A. \ B. \ C. \ D. \Section B (1 point each)

Directions: In this section, you will hear two short passages. At the end of each passage, there will be some questions. Both the passages and the questions will be read to you only once. After' each question, there will be a pause. During the pause, you must choose the best answer from the four choices given by marking the corresponding letter A, B, C or D on your Answer Sheet.

10. A. In San Francisco. B. Near the island of Nimi. C. In the Pacific Ocean. D. Along the U.S. Coast.

11. A. The earthquake was serious. B. New earthquakes are not expected. C. An island was destroyed. D. It was a mild earthquake.

12. A. They will be of high intensity. B. They will occur along the coast

C. More earthquakes of unknown intensity will occur. D. They are predicted to occur 100 miles away. 13. A. Literature. B. Geography. C. Statistics. D. Biology.

14. A. They will have to repeat the previous session. B. They will not be given any special consideration. C. They will be dropped from the class. D. They will have to stay outside the lab.

15. A. They can make up the classes if they pay. B. They may be allowed to remain if they have a good excuse. C. They will have to repeat the lecture and the lab class. D. They can complete the lecture first. PART II VOCABULARY ( 10 minutes, I0 points) Section A ( 0.5 point each )

Directions: There are ten sentences in this section. Each sentence has one word or a set of words underlined. Below the sentence are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Choose the word or phrase that is closest in meaning to the underlined one. Mark the corresponding letter on your Answer sheet. 16. She was a short, sturdy woman in her late riffles. A. clever B. stubborn C. energetic D. strong 17. A wholesome diet is a must for energy and alertness. A. delicious B. healthy C. favorable D. luxurious 18. She asked each of us .in turn what we had been doing. A. in progress B. in succession C. in vain D. in consequence

19. The task won't feel so overwhelming if you break it down into small, easy-to-accomplish steps.

A. overpowering B. overpassing C. overtaking D. overthrowing

20. The managers are talking about the necessity of supporting such attributes as personal motivation and pride of their employees.

A. advantages B. shortcomings C. interests D. qualifies

21. In order to maximize profits, the manufacturer is looking for suitable ways of expanding production. A. measure B. assess C. increase D. reduce

22. It was reassuring to hear John's familiar voice; we haven't heard from him for a long time. A. comforting B. distressing C. offending D. defending

23. The president-elect made a speech in which he repeatedly affirmed a commitment to lower taxes. A. raised B. protested C. offered D. confirmed 24. He said that after the tournament he would probably leave the team for good. A. permanently B. temporarily C. simultaneously D. instantly

25. The most perceptive of the three, she was the first to realize the potential danger of their - situation. A. reflective B. responsible C. curious D. insightful Section B (0.5 point each)

Directions: There are ten sentences in this section. Each sentence has something omitted. Choose the word or words from the four choices given to best complete each sentence. Mark the corresponding letter on your Answer Sheet. 26. In order to solve a difficult problem, scientists often start with a_____.

A. prohibition B. hypothesis C. conformation D. modification 27. A dog ran in front of the ear and the driver____ to avoid knocking it down. A. swerved B. withheld C. swayed D. transferred

28. Many farm families were isolated from their neighbors. The____ was because of the large distances between farms.

A. dispersion. B. separation C. distribution D. exclusion 29. I think Tom has become more ___ of opinions different from his own. A. endurable B. tolerable C. tolerant D. bearing

30. The arguments for and against the scheme have been _____ in a booklet which will appear shortly. A. set up B. set out C. set back D. set about

31. The public security personnel have taken all the _____ they can against the precious painting being stolen on exhibition.

A. attentions B. considerations C. calculation D. precautions

32. The drivers who refuse to_____ with the traffic regulations in the rush hours receive a severe punishment. A. connect B. confine C. comply D. conform 33. He raised a problem which is hard enough to______ even the teacher.

A. fascinate B. perplex C. induce D. manipulate 34. The naughty boy was ____ severely for his rude behavior.

A. reproached B. esteemed C. expelled D. fascinated 35. In spite of the difficulties we were facing, we decided to _____ to the program. A. adhere B. subject C. prefer D. appeal PART III CLOZE TEST (10 minutes, 15 points)

Directions: Read the passage through. Then go back and choose one item of the most suitable word(s) marked A,B,C or D for each blank in the passage. Mark the corresponding letter of the word(s) you have chosen on your Answer Sheet. Communication is further complicated when people do not share the same culture. Think of 36 you show

embarrassment, for example. 37 are that you blush or lower your head. By contrast when embarrassed, Japanese 38 laugh or giggle, while Arabs 39 their tongues slightly.

Understanding the meaning of a message requires special 40 and skills when business communicators are from different culture. Negotiators for an American company learned this lesson when they were in Japan looking for a

trading 41 in the Far East. The Americans were quite pleased after their first meeting with 42 of a major Japanese firm. The Japanese had nodded assent throughout the meeting and had not 43 to a single proposal. The next day, 44 , the Americans were stunned to learn that the Japanese had rejected the entire plan. In 45 the nonverbal behavioral messages, the Americans made a typical mistake. They assumed the Japanese were nodding __46 agreement, as fellow Americans would. In this case, however, the nods of assent indicated comprehension- not approval.

Every country has 47 common heritage, joint experience, and shared learning that produce its culture. This 48 gives members of that culture a complex system of shared values, traits, morals, and customs. It teaches them how to behave; it 49 their reactions. Comparing traditional North American values with 50 in other cultures will broaden your world view and help you develop the proper attitude towards successful intercultural communication. 36. A. what B. how C. why D. when

37. A. Causes B. Changes C. Chances D. Conditions 38. A. generally B. specially C. especially D. regularly 39. A. stick to B. stick out C. stick up D. stick at

40. A. sentimentality B. sentiment C. sensation D. sensitivity' 41. A. partner B. competitor C. opponent D. rival

42. A. representatives B. associations C. conventions D. organizations 43. A. subjected B. differed C. objected D. dissented 44. A. therefore B. thus C. hence D. however 45. A. deciding B. denoting C. decoding D. defining 46. A. at B. on C. in D. of

47. A. a single B. a unique C. an individual D. a singular

48. A. background B. information C. interaction D. communication 49. A. takes B. owes C. participates D. conditions 50. A. which B. ones C. those D. that PART IV READING COMPREHENSION (45 minutes, 30 points)

(1)

Is happiness proportional to income — to the money a person has? Is a man with two rooms and loaves of bread happier than a man with only one of each? Clearly poverty and destitution (that is, having no room and no bread) do produce unhappiness. Obviously, men need money to buy the necessities of life.

But this presents another question. How many rooms and how many loaves of bread ( and thus how much money) does a man need? Most people in the Western world can satisfy a minimal requirement for the necessities of life, but they still desire to increase their incomes to buy more and more material possessions and status symbols. Why? The answer may be that as things are today, if a man is not rich, admiration and respect are not given him by other people. Accordingly this may be the chief reason why people wish to be richer and richer, as the actual goods or possessions play a secondary part to the envy or admiration that this wealth brings them. This veneration from other people may be a greater source of happiness than the money or possessions themselves.

This has not, however, always been true. In aristocratic ages men were admired for their birth and breeding. In other ages men would not have been respected if they had not proved their artistic excellence or learning. In India, for example, poor and saintly men are respected, and in China, the old and wise. In such circles many men are, as long as they have enough to live on, indifferent to money. They value more and are happier with the respect they merit for other reasons. The modern desire for wealth is not inherent in human nature, and varies with social values. If, by law, we all had exactly the same income, we should have to find some other way of being superior to our peers, as most of our craving for material possessions would cease. Thus a general increase of wealth gives no competitive advantage to an individual and therefore brings him no competitive happiness.

51. Which of the following is the author's point in the first paragraph?

A. The more one earns, the more he wants. B. Rooms and bread are the only sources of happiness. C. One can't be happy without money. D. Poor people need money to buy the necessities of life. 52. Most people in the Western world

A. are not content with what they possess. B. are not sure how many rooms they want. C. are satisfied with having minimal necessities of life. D. require minimal necessities of life. 53. According to the author, people seeking wealth are actually in pursuit of

A. goods. B. scholarship. C. wisdom. D. veneration. 54. In India, people generally respect those who are

A. old and wise. B. Of high breeding. C. poor and holy. D. artistically excellent 55. The author suggests that Man would cease chasing after money if

A. he were not born with the desire for it. B. social values were emphasized.

C. it did not carry sense of superiority with it. D. laws were established to forbid all forms of competition. (2)

Much has been written about computer terminals and radiation effects, but sitting at the keyboard is now causing problems for many people. Carpal tunnel syndrome, resulting from a compressed nerve of the hand and wrist, affects tens of thousands of Americans each year. It has always been an occupational hazard for workers using drilling and cutting equipment. Now it is moving to offices, afflicting writers, programmers, data processors -- anyone who spends long hours at a keyboard.

The syndrome occurs when tissues around the base of the wrist swell against the nerve, resulting in numbness and painful tingling in the hands, often happening at night. The condition can cause permanent loss of sensation and motor control.

The fault lies, in part, with poorly designed offices. Work stations that don't allow employees to sit comfortably may put wrists, shoulders and arms under constant strain. The problem may be aggravated by the fact that people type faster and more continuously on computers, so that the hands and wrists rarely move into other positions. In some cases, surgery can solve the problem by decompressing the pinched nerve.

At the offices of the Los Angeles Times, where some of the reporters are afflicted, work stations are being

redesigned, and exercise programs for shoulders, wrists and fingers are being developed. Other recommended measures for those trying to avoid the syndrome: hourly breaks and a five-hour-a-day typing limit. 56. \

A. radio signals transmitted on the computer line. B. harmful effects of computer screens. C. the boredom of sitting before computers. D. the difficulties in learning to type. 57. Which of the following is true according to the passage?

A. Workers using drilling and cutting equipment are using computers now.

B. A virus is spreading diseases among office workers, writers and programmers. C. Computer users are threatened with sharper competition in getting employed. D. Anyone who sits for long hours at a computer may develop a special condition. 58. In most serious cases of the problem, one may_____

A. find his four limbs degenerating. B. have his nerve system damaged. C. lose permanent control of his hand movements. D. become blind and numb. 59. The major cause of the problem is_____

A. strained sitting positions. B. poorly-lighted offices.

C. painful tingling in the hands. D. the competitiveness of the job. 60 Which of the following is not given as a solution to the problem?

A. Surgery. B. Shorter working time. C. More breaks. D. Slower working pace. 61. Carpal tunnel syndrome is_____

A. a special term used in computer technology. B. a kind of keyboard causing problems.

C. physical symptoms of hand nerves. D. an exercise program protecting people's health. (3)

That night I hardly slept at all. I had the trumpet on a chair by my bed and throughout then night I kept picking it up, fondling it and going through the motions of playing. What with one thing and another it wasn't until the next day that I had a chance to blow it.

To be quite frank I did not anticipate any difficulty. After a day and night in contemplation of the trumpet I had acquired the conviction that, from the first, nothing but the most exquisite sound could possibly emerge from an object so beautiful. All I had to do was supply the air and the instrument would play itself. I knew the right pose to strike from the photographs in jazz magazines head tilted back, trumpet pointed skywards, fingers waving sensuously over the valves.

I checked in the shaving-mirror to see that I had just the right expression on my face, and then I blew. Nothing happened. Not a sound. Never mind, I thought, obviously I hadn't blown hard enough. I had another try, straining until the veins stood out on my forehead. This time there was a noise: a very, very small hiss from the far end of the instrument, like a distant train letting off stream. Something was obviously wrong. Could it be that the salesman in London had pulled a fast one on me and sold me a poor instrument? I anxiously consulted the book of instructions and, to my relief, discovered that I was going about things the wrong way. I had been blowing \

balloon.\a fragment of tobacco.\viciously into the mouthpiece.

I should like to be able to say that I had blown the first note of my career. But that wouldn't be strictly accurate because, in that first explosion, at least sixteen separate notes must have burst simultaneously from the bell of the trumpet. When the echoes of that first terrible noise had died. I sat still for a moment trying to readjust my mind to the realities of the situation. Then, turning to page 1 of the book, I settled down to learn the hard way. 62. The author could hardly go to sleep because he_____

A. had a chance to perform at a concert the next day. B. couldn't wait to try the new trumpet

C. had never seen such a beautiful object. D. kept thinking of the difficulties in playing the trumpet. 63. The author failed in his first attempt because he_____

A. had not blown hard enough. B. did not strike the right pose.

C. had got a faulty immanent. D. had been blowing the wrong way. 64. Finally the author managed to produce a sound which was_____

A. harsh B rhythmic. C. clear. D. soft. 65. In the last paragraph the writer suggests that he_____

A. would find the trumpet too difficult to play. B. would not continue to practice. C. was dismayed at his efforts. D. would make rapid progress. 66. Which of the following about the author is best supported by this selection?

A. He had a special talent in playing the instrument. B. The jazz magazine aroused his interest in music. C. He had expected difficulties in blowing the trumpet. D. The instruction book taught him to play the trumpet. 67. This passage has been written mainly to_____

A. arouse sympathy. B. amuse. C. inform. D. arouse admiration. 68. This extract is probably taken flora a book which describes_____

A. how to become a good trumpeter. B. how to select a suitable musical instrument. C. how the author became a trumpeter. D. how the author purchased a trumpet.

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Social disapproval of women considered too learned was only one factor that restricted women’s participation in scientific studies. Lack of recognition as independent scientists and socialization as helpmates meant that many women were only permitted to assist male researchers, and these women rarely achieved recognition equal to their skills. Moreover, the scientific community itself, in its conscious effort to professionalize, to establish an international reputation and to raise the status of science in the United States, formed national professional associations and established journals that usually refused to recognize anyone who was perceived to be an amateur.

The career of Margaretta Morris provides an example of the sort of situation in which women did not often find themselves during the early decades of the nineteenth century. She worked independently, concentrating her research efforts of entomology (昆虫学), raising insects for study, and charting the life cycles of several destructive species such as the locust and the so-called Hessian fly. Her work, however, received recognition from professional organizations. Her findings on the fly were presented to the Ameriean Philosophical Society in 1840, and her observations on the locust were read at a science conference.

Ahmira Phelps, a pioneer in the education of women in the sciences, believed that a lively intellect contributed to a full happy life. She fulfilled her role as an educator by writing about traditional responsibilities of women. Other mid-nineteenth-century women such as Orra White worked as scientific illustrators, contributing to the work of their professionally recognized husband.

Although most women were taught that intellectual achievement for its own sake was not a virtue, women began to attend private scientific study groups and summer schools that stressed self-development. These educational sources provided significant support for women in science. By the 1880's college-trained women gained nominal membership in such professional associations as the New York Museum.

The women scientists of the 1880's were a first generation of public achievers. Their success, however, was built on the efforts of women who had worked quietly in science throughout the century and provided the foundation that helped gain access to advanced training and scientific associations for this generation.

69. In discussing the nineteenth century, the author is primarily concerned with_____ A. analyzing social attitudes toward women in science. B. describing people who were interested in science.

C. demonstrating that women then had not been involved with intellectual activities. D. discussing women's entrance into the field of scientific study.

70. It can be inferred from the passage that the scientific community in the United States during the nineteenth century perceived itself to be_____

A. expanding at too rapid a pace. B. threatened by the discoveries of women scientists. C. composed entirely of amateurs. D. too informal and too loosely structured. 71. The author refers to the professionalization of the scientific community in order to_____ A. define how professional guidelines were developed. B. show how the attitudes of scientists affected women. C. explain why women scientists lacked formal education.

D. describe men's achievements within the scientific community.

72. According to the passage, compared to women in science during the early part of the nineteenth century, women in the 1880's were more likely to_____

A. work as school teachers. B. have access to formal education. C. work as scientific educators, D. have been socialized as helpmates.

73. The author mentions which of the following as most limiting to women's participation in the field of science in the nineteenth century?

A. The small number of women's colleges.

B. The lack of specialized associations and established journals. C. Social attitudes toward education for women.

D Resistance of male researchers to employ female assistants.

74. The passage supplies information for answering which of the following questions? A. In which field did most nineteenth-century women scientists work?

B. How did nineteenth-century women in science define their changing role in society? C. Why were women of the nineteenth century interested in scientific studies?

D. Who among nineteenth-century women in scientific studies made the most significant contribution? (5)

The United Nations Conference on Drug Abuse that took place earlier this year in Vienna, was a very productive meeting. As never before, the nations of the world demonstrated a willingness to put aside ideological and individual differences to confront a common threat.

Most previous international gatherings on this subject have not seen the same intensity of delegate interest. Many nations have gone through a shock of recognition. A decade ago, only those nations identified as \were thought to have a serious drug problem.

Today, not only have many \growth within their borders of drug trafficking gangs (often allied with terrorists) so powerful they present a danger to the state's stability. Many developing countries now have the worst of both worlds, in that they grow their own narcotics and addict large numbers of their own people. There is a growing sense of fright in many governments that matters are out of control and the single way to recover is through cooperation with other countries.

The high points of the conference were the drafting of two documents, both of which were adopted without a

dissenting vote. One was a joint declaration of intent to combat drug abuse and trafficking. The other consisted of many detailed suggestions for particular regional and national policies.

Overall, the conference developed a two-level action plan. The focus was on ways to curb the demand for dangerous drugs and on methods of destroying or at least interrupting the distribution process.

On the demand side, the delegates recommended the establishment of a system for collecting information on the nature and scope of narcotics use. In addition; they concluded that drug education should be taught in schools and that governments and labor organizations should act together in an anti-drug campaign in the work place. The delegates also recommended strict adherence to international agreements to curb the supply of narcotics.

President Ronald Reagan, in his statement to the conference, reflected a somber but hopeful view. Noting the magnitude of the effort necessary, the President remarked, \important ---it presents an excellent opportunity for the nations of the world to build cooperation and plan effective strategies and tactics. It won't be easy. The alternative, however, is the continued internal decay of our societies.\75. A striking feature of the UN Conference on Drug Abuse is that_____

A. the delegates were unprecedentedly unanimous in their vote to control drug abuse. B. the conference touched upon many hot issues in the world. C. it was attended by many countries.

D. two documents concerning drug abuse were signed.

76. The author thinks that this year's UN Conference on Drug Abuse_____

A. was a fruitful meeting. B. was the largest meeting ever held against drugs. C. settled many international differences. D. should have been held earlier. 77. Many countries are shocked to find that_____

A. consuming countries are confronting a serious drug problem. B. the drug problem has overgrown national boundaries. C. drug trafficking gangs are often allied with terrorists. D. drug abuse is undermining their governments.

78. According to the passage the drug problem for the developing countries is the most serious because they_____

A. lack necessary funding to curb drug abuse. B. are both producing and consuming countries of drugs. C. are not efficient in their attempt to combat drug abuse. D. have not enlisted support from developed countries. 79. In order to stop the demand for drugs, the delegates recommended all the following except_____ A. anti-drug campaign in the work place. B. strict adherence to international agreements.

C. drug education in schools. D. collecting information on regional and national plan. 80. According to the passage President Reagan_____

A. pointed out that the effort to combat drug abuse was inestimable. B. expressed his doubt about the possibility of international agreement

C. suggested that if drug abuse is not curbed, world civilization will degenerate.

D. said that the conference demonstrated the importance of international cooperation. PAPER TWO PART V TRANSLATION, (40 minutes, 20 points) Section A (20 minutes, i0 points)

Directions: Put the following paragraph into English. Write your English version in the proper space on Answer Sheet II 成功的科研工作者的明显特点首先是他们不被始料未及的或表面上看似相反的结果所困扰。他们总是以极其积极的方式作出反应。其次他们有一种超乎寻常的观察能力。这与其说是因为他们有敏锐的视力、听力，还不如说是他们能把现象同以前的经验或理论联系起来形成有意义的构想。 Section B (20 minutes, 10 points)

Directions: Put the following passage into Chinese. Write your Chinese version in the proper space on Answer sheet II. Our time is qualitatively different from previous eras in that human-made changes are of such magnitude as to present a clear threat of destruction to natural balance at the local, regional and world levels. This assertion is justified by the consideration of phenomena such as environmental pollution, exhaustion of mineral resources, desertification and deforestation, extinction of biological species, depletion of ozone layer, and warfare conducted with extensive destruction of natural resources.

At the root of such developments, among other muses, are massive industrialization and market, oriented production of short-lived consumer goods, progress in means of transportation and communication, expansion of urban areas. These were made possible by continuous and accelerated progress of science-based production combined with inadequate social organization and political thinking.

PART VI WRITING (30 minutes, 10 points)

Directions: Write a short passage in no less than 120 words on the following topic. Write your passage in the proper space on Answer Sheet II. Do not copy any sentence from this introduction. Topic: What Do Our Children Need Most?

Experts are warning society that our children need more than a good life and that there are signs that \are being spoiled. Yet parents are tightening their belts to send their children to all kinds of \learn things that the parents themselves seem to be interested in. Comment on this social phenomenon. Give your views on what our children need most..

Key For Your Reference

PartⅠ Listening Comprehension

1. D 2. C 3. A 4. B 5. A 6. C 7. D 8. B 9. B 10. C 11. D 12. C 13. D 14. B 15. C PartⅡ Vocabulary

16. D 17. B 18. B 19. A 20. D 21. C 22. A 23. D 24. A 25. D 26. B 27. A 28. B 29. C 30. B 31. D 32. C 33. B 34. A 35. A Part Ⅲ Cloze Test

36. B 37. C 38. A 39. B 40. D 41. A 42. A 43. C 44. D 45. C 46. C 47. B 48. A 49. D 50. C Part Ⅳ Reading Comprehension

51. C 52. A 53. D 54. C 55. C 56. B 57. D 58. C 59. A 60. D 61. C 62. B 63. D 64. A 65. C 66. D 67. B 68. C 69. D 70. D 71. B 72. B 73. C 74. B 75. A 76. A 77. B 78. B 79. D 80. C Part V Translation

Section A. English to Chinese

我们这个时代本质上不同于以往，因为人类造成的变化如此之大，以至于在局部、地域及世界范围内对自然生态平衡明显构成了毁灭性的威胁。环境污染、矿藏资源耗竭、滥伐森林和沙漠化、生物种类的灭绝、臭氧层的破坏及战争对自然资源的大肆破坏，这一切无不证明以上论断是正确的。

造成以上这种情况的根源，除了其他原因外，还有大规模工业化、为了销售而发展的短周期商品生产、交通通讯手段的发展及城区的延伸。以科学为基础的生产不停地加速发展，而社会组织却不够完善，政治考虑也不够周全，从而使这些成为可能。 Section B: Chinese to English

The remarkable characteristic of successful scientific researchers is, firstly, that they will not be distracted by

unexpected or seemingly adverse results. They always react to them in a highly positive manner. Secondly, they have a superior capability of observation. This is not so much due to their sharp vision or hearing as due to their ability to associate the phenomenon with previous experience or theory, thereby forming a meaningful frame of mind.

December, 1997

PAPER ONE

PART I LISTENING COMPREHENSION (15 minutes, 15 points) Section A ( 1 point each )

Directions: In this section you will hear nine short conversations between two Speakers. At the end of each conversation a question will be asked about what was said. The questions and the conversations will be spoken only once. Choose the best answer from the four choices given by marking the corresponding letter A, B, C, or D on your Answer Sheet. 1. A. The room is on fire. B. The speakers are bothered by the smoke.

C. The man is asking for permission to smoke. D. The woman is not permitted to stay in the room. 2. A. In the mountains. B. In the desert. C. At a fire station. D. At the beach.

3. A. A European tourist. B. A German soldier C. A new student. D. A police officer. 4. A. The train is crowded. B. The train is empty. C. The train is late. D. The train is leaving. 5. A. He was surprised. B. He was enthusiastic. C. He was angry. D. He was quiet.

6. A. He thinks it ridiculous. B. He thinks it is a crime. C. He is not concerned. D. He thinks it is necessary. 7. A. Use the library of her own school. B. Buy a copy of the dictionary she wants. C. Use the dictionary in the library. D. Borrow one from her English teacher. 8. A. It's hard for John and Jim to write two compositions at a time. B. John and Tun look very much alike in many ways. C. Either John or Tun is cheating on the composition.

D. Either John or Tun is not telling the truth in his composition.

9. A. Taking a job interview. B. Inspecting work. C. Buying an air ticket D. Selling art works. Section B (1 point each)

Directions: In this section you will hear two short passage. At the end of each Passage, there will be some questions. Both the passages and the questions will be read to you only once. After each question, there will be a pause. During the pause, you must choose the best answer from the four choices given by marking the corresponding letter A, B, C or D on your Answer Sheet.

Passage 1 Questions 10 through 12 are based on the following passage.

10. A. He became a Harvard student at nine. B. He learned how to read and write by himself C. He never studied at high school. D. He knew the English alphabet at the age of six.

11. A. Philosophy. B. Education. C. Psychology. D. Mathematics. 12. A. A teacher. B. A shop assistant. C. A hotel boy. D. A mechanic. Passage 2 Questions 13 through 15 are based on the following passage.

I3. A. Come to school to pick up their lunch. B. read the handout the teacher prepared. C. Write a report in their laboratory notebooks. D. Bring some warm clothes with them.

14. A. To learn about the members of the pine tree family. B. To participate a discussion of their family members. C. To study how a bank works. D. To pass a test of a required course. 15. A. Chemistry. B. Botany. C. Fine Arts. D. Geology. PART II VOCABULARY ( 10 minutes, 10 points) Section A ( 0.5 point each )

16. The United States has not only a diversity of geography and climate but also of people; people from all over the world have settled in the United States.

A. distinction B. division C. variety D. variability

17. The driver who failed to yield the right-of-way and ignored the stop sign was charged with negligence. A. ignorance B. negation C. carelessness D. violation

18. Our neighborhood is just over there; my house sticks out and you can't miss it. A. stands up B. stands out C. stands for D. stands high 19. He tried to join the army but was turned down because of poor health. A. rejected B. inclined C. hospitalized D. isolated

20. Although we all know that honesty is the best policy, fraud is often used in many business deals. A. pretension B. kidnapping C. deceit D. forgery

21. The stock market has become the breeding ground for millionaires as well as fortune-losers. A. fostering B. drilling C. lodging D. meddling

22. Aided by a computer system, the Japanese manager was able to interview the English-speaking candidate without an interpreter.

A. representative B. agent C. applicant D. supervisor

23. Since the economy is booming house prices are sky-rocketing in this region now. A. dynamiting B. dominating C. prosecuting D. prospering

24. Many people in that country are now campaigning for the abolition of capital punishment. A. elimination B. establishment C. advertisement D. limitation

25. In my opinion the new policies will certainly accelerate the decline of the manufacturing industry. A. quicken B. check C. activate D. prescribe Section B (0.5 point each)

Directions: There are ten sentences in this section. Each sentence has something Omitted. Choose the word or words from the four choices given to best complete each sentence. Mark the corresponding letter on your Answer Sheet. 26. Talk to the school guidance counselor and he will give you advice on what may be a/an ____ career for you. A. moderate B. integral C. valid D. optimal

27. Bill Gates needed ten years to get fifty million people to use his software; Netscape's Mark Andreessen accomplished the same____in only two years.

A. stake B. prediction C. sequence D. feat

28. The man who is delivering a report is very successful with technological ____. A. installations B. innovations C. revolutions D. renovations 29.After so many years in the military service, I'm glad to get back to _____clothes. A. civil B. civic C. civilian D. civilized 30. What we actually need is a table which can ____ ten diners,

A. coordinate B. accommodate C. credit D. compromise 31. The principal government has several plans to solve the problem. A. in a way B. by the way C. under way D. in the way 32. This is the latest____ of Chinese population by the year 2000.

A. provision B. prescription C. projection D. progression

33. I don't doubt that those are their ____ opinions about the affair, since they seem to understand our difficulty very well.

A. considerate B. selective C. voluntary D. radical 34. The ruthless conquerors ____ their victims' wealth and burnt their cities.

A. plunged B. revived C. plundered D. retreated 35. The men build banks of earth to the rising flood waters. A. hold back B. hold down C. hold for D. hold up Part III CLOSE TEST (10 minutes, 15 points)

Direction: Read the passage through. Then go back and choose one item of suitable word(s) marked A, B, C or D for each blank in the passage. Mark the corresponding letter of the word(s) you have chosen with a single bar across the square brackets on your Machine-scoring Answer Sheet.

The most convincing evidence for the importance of adult influence on a child's intelligence comes from a study of “at risk\ 36 children born into poverty-line households. The children 37 the study by four months of age. During the study, one group spent the day in a center 38 teachers used games and songs to 39 the infants. Another group had no such program, 40 they were given nutritional supplements for infancy.

During preschool years the children in the early-education group showed IQ. advantages of 10 to 20 points. The highest-risk children showed the 41 gains, and at age 15 they had higher reading and math scores. What 42 these gains? Ramey and other scientists say early childhood experiences 43 brain growth.

An infant is born with billions of brain cells called neurons (神经原). Some are wired or connected to other cells before birth to 44 the basics of life, such as heartbeat and breathing. Others are waiting to be wired to help the child interpret and 45 the outside world. Experience dictates the hookups. 46 the child matures, cells reach out and set up pathways to other cells needed to determine a behavior.47, the neurons in the eye send branches to the visual cortex (脑皮层), which interprets what the eye sees and, 48 other branches, signals to the person to react to what is seen. 49 time an experience is repeated, the pathways are strengthened.

The first two years of life are an explosion of brain growth and connections. By age two the brain has more than 300 trillion connections. At the same time, cells that aren't being connected or used are being _50_. 36. A. across B. on C. toward D. with

37. A. entered B. reached C. admitted D. enrolled 38. A. when B. which C. where D. how 39. A. exert B. stimulate C. arise D. perturb 40. A. and B. so C. but D. or

41. A. easiest B. brightest C. fewest D. greatest

42. A. breaks out B. appeals to C. accounts for D. makes for 43. A. delay B. prefer C. perfect D. foster

44. A. regulate B. interrupt C. accomplish D. confuse 45. A. hunt for B. lead to C. respond to D. look to 45. A. For B. Since C. As D. Because

47. A. On the other hand B. For instance C. On the contrary D. At any rate 48. A. via B. versus C. given D. except 49. A. One B. All C. More D. Each

50. A. compensated B. discarded C. purified D. smashed PART IV READING COMPREHENSION (45 minutes, 30 points)

The whole process of summarizing implies an ability to make decisions. You have to decide what the author's plan is, how the material has been organized, what the key ideas are, and what material is used merely as example. You will not find the technique of summarizing easy at first because it requires so many decisions. But your efficiency in making summaries, as well as your general reading efficiency, will increase in proportion to the time and effort you spend on perfecting your note-taking technique.

Your final summary should reflect dearly and accurately what the author has said. An inaccurate summary may be worse than no summary at all. An effective method of testing the quality of your summary is to set it aside for a month or two and then reread it. If it still recalls the essential information for you and seems to express the material in a clear and exact manner, you have done a good job. If it does not, make another attempt. This time you will do a better job. This method, incidentally, may well be applied to other types of writing. Many young writers have been advised to put their material aside for a while. If a piece of writing seems as good a year or two later as the day they finished it, they can begin to feel that it will stand the test of time. The same thing, of course, applies to what someone else has written and you have read. If you think a book you read several years ago was the best you have known, reread it. Don't be surprised if you find yourself sadly disappointed.

Good summaries serve many purposes. Everyone, from a professional to a house person, needs and uses them.

Doctors may have to summarize a report of their findings in a particular case for a medical board. They will have to read the summaries of other doctors and summaries of the latest medical research in their field. Lawyers need to prepare a summary, or brief of their case before they present it in court. Their summary usually takes the form of a sentence outline, and many an early career is hurt by an inability to present a clear and accurate brief. A junior executive may write a summary of a long report for the president of the company. Electrical engineers will summarize their findings to formulate their plans. A student prepares summaries for use in a term paper. 51. In the author's opinion,____

A. the better your note-taking skill is, the more efficient you are in making summaries. B. the more decisions you make, the better your summaries will be. C. the more you read, the more time you need in making summaries.

D. the higher your reading efficiency, the better your note-taking skill is. 52. According to the author, a good summary must be____

A. concise and accurate. B. expressive and intensive. C. illustrative and insightful. D. applicable and elaborate.

53. Many young writers are advised to put their writings away for a while so as to____

A. wait for comments to come in from their readers. B. see if their works are still as good as they were.

C. see if there is any more change to make. D. see if the method of summarizing applies to other types of writing. 54. “If it does not, make another attempt\ try to____ A. make another summary. B. test the quality of your summary once more. C. set aside your summary for a little longer and then reread it. D. recall the essential things once again. 55. The last sentence of the second paragraph implies that____ A. rereading is usually not as interesting as the first reading. B. summary is not as easy to write as other types of writing. C. young writers do not write good works. D. many books can't stand the test of time.

56. Which is the best conclusion we can draw from the last paragraph? A. Many kinds of careers require a good ability of briefing. B. Professional jobs mainly involve the skill of summarizing. C. A student good at summarizing will become a good lawyer. D. Only house persons do not need the technique of summarizing.

(2)

Even though you may be excited about relocating, you may still mourn the loss of a familiar home, way of life, family and friends left behind. “Underestimating the emotional impact of moving is the biggest mistake people make,\says Patricia Nida, psychologist and relocation consultant. “People think there is something wrong with them if they can't cope with the emotional upheaval of moving. They don't realize it's normal.\California, it took her nearly a year to feel rooted in her new community. Then two years later, the family moved back to Oregon, and she had to readjust all over again. “When we moved to California,\When we came back, I couldn't get used to them. Each time we moved, I felt like I lost a part of myself.\

Although everyone who moves feels this loss of identity to some extent, it's usually most disastrous for a nonworking wife, says Dr Seidenberg clinical professor of psychiatry. “Her identity,\the community. Relocating wipes it all out. Every time she moves, she has to re-establish her credentials.\

“You cope by reaching out and finding activities and people that interest you,\spouse-job-related moves. \

Don't avoid saying good-by. It may seem easier at the time, but in the long run, it can create a greater sense of loss. Resist the temptation to sever ties with your old neighborhood. Maintain relationships. Allow yourself to go through the emotions associated with moving, without criticism. When you acquire your new living quarters, introduce yourself to your new neighbors. Write ahead to your new house of worship and community organizations for information on activities and services. When you finally move in, you will feel more a part of the new community. Establish family traditions that move with you. Doing things together as a family makes you feel at home, no matter where you

live, Moving is a difficult experience, but it also has many advantages. Psychologists say it stimulates growth, makes us adaptable, broadens our scope and gives us the opportunity to make new friends and enjoy new experiences. As a nation and as individuals, we are strengthened by our pioneer spirit. And if we can save on wear and tear--all the better. 57. When people move, they____

A. make the biggest mistake. B. minimize their losses. C. have mixed feelings. D. are in trouble. 58. Researchers found that many people____

A. are ashamed of being sentimental about life. B. don't realize that it is normal to move. C. spend years deciding where to settle down. D. often fall to see the advantages of moving. 59. Housewives are the worst sufferers from relocating because they____

A. have to find their identity again. B. don't know how to make new friends.

C. feel it difficult to get used to different climate. D. have to move when their husbands get new jobs. 60. The author advises the reader to take thing easy by____

A. keeping the family tradition. B. cutting ties with the old living quarters. C. moving ahead of time to the new residence. D. resisting the temptation to show emotion. 61. In conclusion, the author proposes that people should____

A. learn to be more positive about moving. B. move more frequently if they can.

C. be economical when they move. D. carry on the pioneer spirit and move to the West.

(3)

Protection of the environment is based on a principle that is beginning to be used in the field of jurisprudence (法学). The principle has to do with property rights. The idea is that we all have a property right in the air and water around us. If a business firm pollutes that air or water, their act in so doing constitutes damage to something we own--- just as if the firm had dropped a smoke bomb down our chimney. Our legal case against such a firm is then based on the complaint that we deserve compensation for an infringement of our right to use our private property as we please

(provided we don't interfere with the same rights of a neighbor). Assuming we win the case, the offending firm then has to pay us for damaging our property--the air or water we “own\

And so protection of the environment, specifically the control of pollution, now rests on the idea that we, as members of the public, share a right to clean air and water and to the good health that clean air and water quality can give us. But, as always, costs and benefits are involved in any decision to improve the environment.

In an Adam Smithian, self-interested world, entrepreneurs or businessmen are expected to increase their profits as much as possible. The natural way to do this is to produce at the lowest possible cost. But at whose cost? it is obviously cheaper for entrepreneurs to dump waste into the nearest stream or into the atmosphere than to truck it to some waste disposal facility or to filter it as it comes out of smokestacks. Therefore, what may be sensible for entrepreneurs may not be desirable for the community.

Here is a classic trade-off: When the government intervenes to force entrepreneurs to stop polluting, entrepreneurs have to adopt more expensive means of production or waste disposal. Inevitably, they will charge higher prices, and, given no change in demand, the quantity demanded will drop and workers will be laid off. The trade-off is therefore cleaner air and water or more unemployment. This is how economists view this problem. 62. According to the passage, the unlawfulness of pollution is relevant to its____

A. increasing consumption of natural resources. B. mining effects on the world environment.

C. damage to the property owned by other citizens. D. straining of the relations between enterprises and communities. 63. The word “infringement\

A. violation of the law enforced. B. interference with freedom of action.

C. conservation of air and water. D. principles in upholding justice

64. It has been legally decided that the air and water people use can be considered the same as____ A. a piece of private land. B. a smoke bomb down the chimneys. C. a legal case against a firm. D. a dispute among the neighbors.. 65. From the third paragraph, we can conclude that____ A. entrepreneurs are more sensible than the community.

B. the community expects entrepreneurs to increase their profits as much as possible. C. in terms of waste disposal the interests of the enterprise and the community conflict D. the community desires the waste m be carried to any other places.

66. To clean up the pollution it creates, according to the passage, industry will invariably____ A. increase its profits. B. do so at the consumers' expense.

C. have to develop its production D. go into a lawsuit against the community. 67. Some economists maintain that____

A. we will either sacrifice employment for cleaner environment or vice versa.

B. there is no compromise between the government and entrepreneurs or between the latter and the community. C. the entrepreneurs will need more workers to clean up air and water under the pressure of the government. D. pollution control will inevitably result in change in demand on the market.

(4)

Scientists assume that the creation of the island of Itua occurred several thousands of years ago as a result of a huge volcanic eruption in the nearby Polynesian Island. They hypothesize that the volcanic ash blew several hundreds of miles and settled on a previously small reef, building it up to its current size of eight hundred square miles. Over the centuries that followed, plant spores were carried by the wind, landed on Itua, and grew, then animal life followed. The scientists are uncertain, however, how non-swimming, non-flying animal life made it to the island.

Itua is uninhabited. There are traces that lead sociologists and scientists to assume that at one time a very primitive culture survived on the island for a short while. It is assumed that warriors in boats stopped at the island and perhaps left captives there, who bred and began a small populace. Best estimates state that the society never had more than a hundred people and died out within two to three generations. Scientists are thoroughly confused as to the cause of the extinction of the community. Skeletons that have been unearthed have given no biological reason; the plant and animal life should have been sufficient to support many more people that were ever on the island.

Currently, military experts are considering putting a small missile site on Itua. Its strategic location would be excellent for a compact nuclear power site with several small missiles and bombs. However, the island is so far from other military bases and supply lines that the sociologists worry that the people manning the base would become

mentally distressed in the state of isolation they would necessarily be subjected to. It would be economically unfeasible to have all the comforts of society shipped to Itua to help support the morale of those forced to live on it.

The second possible use for Itua is as a nuclear waste dump site. A large company is willing to pay the cost of transporting its nuclear waste to the island (such a cost would be tax deductible under a new federal law) and would provide yearly monitoring of the site to make certain that no radiation was escaping. Opponents of the corporation's request point out that the area around Itua is subject to frequent volcanic eruptions, one of which might spew any buried waste into the atmosphere or into the ocean, causing untold harm.

68. Which of the following theories do scientists give as a possible reason for the creation of Itua? A. Gradual accumulation of soil and dust particles. B. Volcanic eruptions with blowing ask

C. Earthquake upheavals of the ocean bottom. D. Breaking apart from and drifting away from a large land mass. 69. According to the passage, the best estimate of the age of Itua is____

A. a million years. B. less than a hundred years. C. several thousands of years. D. less than a thousand years.

70. According to scientists, why did the human rife on Itua not survive?

A. Plant and animal foods were insufficient for the island inhabitants. B. No theory is given.

C. Disease exterminated the population. D. Attacks by warriors killed the males. 71. According to the passage, the major argument against putting a missile site on Itua is that____

A. the cost of keeping military personnel on the island to safeguard and operate the missiles is unfeasible. B. missiles are too dangerous to put in a volcanic, eruption-prone area. C. nuclear disarmament should be practiced immediately.

D. the US should not be given permission to place the missiles on Itua by the small country that claims the island. 72. Why is the corporation willing to use Itua as a dump site for its nuclear waste? A. Because it is far enough from humans not to endanger them. B. Because it is on a convenient freighter route.

C. Because the corporation already owns land on Itua.

D. Because the transportation of the waste would be tax deductible. 73. Which of the following is unknown by scientists?

A. Whether humans ever inhabited the island. B. How swimming mammals came to Itua. C. How non-flying non-swimming mammals came to Itua. D. How plant life came to the island. 74. The author's primary purpose in writing the passage is to____

A. discuss the history of Itua. B. criticize the suggestions of a nuclear waste dump site on Itua. C. explain the termination of population on Itua. D. give possible uses for Itua. 75. The passage would most probably be found in____

A. a children's book. B. a news magazine. C. a history book. D. an adventure story. (5)

In recent years, there has been an increasing awareness of the inadequacies of the judicial (司法的) system in the United States. Costs are staggering both for the taxpayers and the litigants -- and the litigants, or parties, sometimes have to wait many years before having their day in court. Many suggestions have been made concerning methods of alleviating the situation, but as in most branches of government, changes come slowly.

One suggestion that has been made, in an attempt to maximize the efficiency of the system, is to allow districts that have an overabundance of pending cases to borrow judges from other districts that do not have such a backlog. Another suggestion is to use pretrial conferences, in which the judge meets in his chambers with the litigants and their attorneys in order to narrow the issues, limit the witnesses, and provide for a more orderly trial. The theory behind pretrial conferences is that judges will spend less time on each case and parties will more readily settle before trial when they realize the adequacy of their claims and their opponents' evidence. Unfortunately, at least one study has shown that

pretrial conferences actually use more judicial time than they save, rarely result in pretrial settlements, and actually result in higher damage settlements.

Many states have now established another method, small-claims courts, in which cases over small sums of money can be disposed of with considerable dispatch. Such proceedings cost the litigants almost nothing. In California, for example, the parties must appear before the judge without the assistance of counsel. The proceedings are quite informal and there is no pleading __ the litigants need to make only a one- sentence statement of their claim. By going to this type of court, the plaintiff (原告) gives up any right to a jury trial and the fight to appeal the decision.

In coming years, we can expect to see more and more innovations in the continuing effort to remedy a situation which must be remedied if the citizens who have yard claims are going to be able to have their day in court. 76. The pretrial conference, in theory, is supposed to do all of the following except____

A. narrow the issues. B. cause early settlements. C. save judicial time. D. collect more evidence. 77. What is the main topic of the passage?

A. All states should follow California's example in using small-claims courts in order to free judges for other work B. The legislature needs to formulate fewer laws so that the judiciary can catch up on its older cases.

C. Nobody seems to care enough to attempt to find methods for making the judicial system more efficient. D. While there are many problems with the court system, there are viable suggestions for improvement, 78. The word litigants means most nearly____

A. jury members. B. commentators. C. parties in a lawsuit. D. taxpayers at large. 79. Which of the following is true about small-claims courts?

A. The accusing party can appeal to a higher court if he wants to. B. The litigants must plead accurately and according to a strict form. C. The court's decision may not be appealed to a higher court.

D. The parties may not present their cases without an attorney's help. 80. What can we assume from the passage?

A. Most people who feel they have been wronged have a ready remedy in courts of law. B. Many people are unable to bring a case to court because of the cost and time required. C. The judicial system in the United Stales is highly acclaimed for its efficiency. D. Pretrial conferences will some day, probably have replaced trials completely. PAPER TWO

PART V TRANSLATION (40 minutes, 20 points) Section A (20 minutes, 10 points)

Directions: Put the following passage into Chinese. Write your Chinese version in the proper space on Answer. Sheet II. The process of internationalization of science has been going on already for a long time in a hidden form, and what we realize today is simply the necessity of a better and more systematic institutionalization of an old process.

I believe that the rising complexity of scientific research is now urgently demanding new steps, which can ensure that international involvement moves to more organized and better planned structures.

Only in this way could one make sure that all the free energy potentially present in the form of human resources is controlled effectively within cooperative organization amongst friendly nations.

This extended cooperation must be intended not to limit but to enhance mobility of ideas and freedom of the scientists within the system. One has to encourage science, not try to harness it with bureaucracy. Section B (20 minutes, 10 points)

Directions: Put the following paragraph into English. Write your English version in the proper space on Answer Sheet II. 从心理上以及实际上说，地球己没有边远地方了。当朋友去了曾被认为是遥远的国家时，我们不可能再有父辈那种生离死别的感觉。由于全球通讯网络，要见到远在地球另一侧的朋友就同与本城那一头的朋友讲话般地容易。

PART VI WRITING (30 minutes, 10 points)

Directions: Write one or more paragraphs in no less than 120 words according to the topic given below. Write your passage in the proper space on Answer Sheet II.

Topic ： Is having a graduate education and a master degree all that important today?

Explain advantages and disadvantages of seeking a master degree as opposed to beginning work after 4 years' higher education and explain which of the courses of action you support.

Key For Your Reference

PartⅠ Listening Comprehension

1. B 2. D 3. C 4. C 5. C 6. D 7. B 8. C 9. A 10. A 11.D 12. B 13. B 14. A 15. B PartⅡ Vocabulary

16. C 17. C 18. B 19. A 20. C 21. A 22. C 23. D 24. A 25. A 26. D 27. D 28. B 29. C 30. B 31. C 32. C 33. A 34. C 35. A Part Ⅲ Cloze Test

36. D 37. A 38. C 39. B 40. C 41. D 42. C 43. D 44. A 45. C 46. C 47. B 48. A 49. D 50. B Part Ⅳ Reading Comprehension

51. A 52. A 53. B 54. A 55. D 56. A 57. C 58. D 59. A 60. A 61. A 62. C 63. B 64. A 65. C 66. B 67. A 68. B 69. C 70. B 71. A 72. D 73. C 74. D 75. B 76. D 77. D 78. C 79. C 80. B PartⅤ Translation

Section A: English to Chinese

长期以来，科学国际化过程一直在以隐蔽的形式发展着，而我们今天所认讽到的仅仅是原有过程更加完善、更加系统制度化的必要性．

我相信，科学研究难度的日益增加正迫切要求采取新的步骤，以保证国际性参与的结构朝向更有组织．更有计划的方向进展．只有这样，人们才能确保潜存于人力资源中的全部自由资潭能量可以在友好国家的合作组织内得到有效的发挥．这种扩展了的合作，必须用于加强而不是限制该系统内科学家的思想交流和自由流动；必须促进科学而不是试图通过行政手段对其加以利用． Section B：Chinese to English

Psychologically as well as physically, there are no more remote places on earth. When a friend leaves for what was once a far country, we cannot feel the same feeling of irrevocable separation that saddened our forefathers. Thanks to global communication network, we will be able to see friends on the far side of earth as easily as we talk to them on the other side of the town.

June, 1998

PAPER ONE

Part I Listening Comprehension (15 minutes, 15 points)

Section A ( 1 point each)Directions: In this section, you will hear nine short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The questions and the conversations will be spoken only once. Choose the best answer from the four choices given by marking the corresponding letter A,B,C, or D on your Answer Sheet.

1. A. The office wasn't busy today. B. The office is overstaffed. C. It's always extremely busy in this office. D. Today was unusually busy. 2. A. Larry asks too many questions. B. Larry is sick of smoking.

C. Larry is ruining his own health. D. Larry likes to argue with everybody. 3. A. He doesn't work hard enough. B. He has too much work to do. C. He travels too much to get any work done. D. He doesn't enjoy travelling.

4. A. He wants the class moved to anther place. B. He demands that the class be canceled.

C. He stressed that he is happy with the class. D. He told the class to take another look at him. 5. A. He caused a fire. B. He lost his job because he tried to cheat. C. He quit his job because his boss told a lie. D. He was unable to get a project.

6. A. A travel agency. B. An automobile store. C. A nursery school. D. An employment agency. 7. A. They are counting money. B. They are discussing about the environment. C. They are doing some washing. D. They are typing on the computer.

8. A. They are everybody's responsibility. B. Daily jobs can replace volunteer activities.

C. Health care workers don't need to take part in them. D. They are the most important job for health care workers. 9. A. Tooth brushes. B. Oven cleaners. C. German cameras. D. Can openers. Section B (1 point each )

Directions: In this section, you will hear a short passage and a longer conversation. At the end of each of them, there will be three questions. The passage, the conversation and questions will be read to you only once. After each question, there will be a pause. During the pause, you must choose the best answer from the four choices given by marking the corresponding letter A, B, C or D on your Answer Sheet.

10. A. Because many people do not have enough knowledge about it. B. Because it has become a big threat to human lives worldwide. C. Because AIDS patients are reported to be dying every day. D. Because doctors have discovered new medical treatment.

11. A. Its virus kills people by itself. B. It causes disorders is eating habits.

C. It damages the body's ability to protect itself. D. It can lead to many other virus-related illnesses. 12. A. 0.35 million. B. 10 million. C. 50 million. D. 1.35 million. 13. A. He borrowed a book from her B. He got a low grade for his paper.

C. He had some questions about administration work. D. He had made an appointment with the doctor. 14. A. It was too lengthy. B. It wasn't well organized

C. The man's research wasn't accurate. D. The man didn't understand the assignment 15. A. The man was very angry about the woman's comments.

B. The woman believes the man did not use the right technique. C. The woman suggests that the man find a solution from the book. D. The man exchanged his learning experience with the woman. Part II. Vocabulary ( 10 minutes, 10 points) Section A ( 0.5 point each)

16. To save forests on earth, much depends on the ability of governments to come up with plans for the sustainable management of forests.

A. prolonged B. prepared C. provided D. presented

17. Townspeople accused merchants of exploiting the oil shortage in order to force prices up. A. creating B. cultivating C. using D. exploring

18. After several nuclear disasters, a controversy has raged over the safety of nuclear energy. A. discussion B. dispute C. dialogue D distrust

19. Because it withstands the effects of high temperatures, rhenium is a valuable ingredient in certain alloys.

A. generates B. reduces C. discharges D. survives

20. The brisk business was recorded in Marco Polo's travelogue, but evidence was not detected until later survey. A. uncovered B. selected C. witnessed D. reserved

21. Despite an explosion in the use of computers, some claim they have had no measurably positive effect on productivity.

A. tolerably B. virtually C. remarkably D. sentimentally

22. Your child will eventually leave home to lead her own life as a fully independent adult. A. once for all B. step by step C. more or less D. sooner or later

23. Our difficulties seem petty when compared to those of people who never get enough to ear. A. serious B. enormous C. unimportant D. considerable 24. The police contended that the difficulties they faced were too severe. A. contacted B. claimed C. contented D. clarified

25. Studies found that nearly twice as many black children as white believe \ advantage of available opportunities\

A. make use of B. put up with C. stand up to D. go on with Section B (O.5 point each)

Directions: There are ten sentences in this section. Each sentence has something omitted Choose the word or works from the four choices given to best complete each sentence. Mark the corresponding letter on your Answer Sheet. 26. All objects will gain or lose heat energy by one or more methods of heat _____. A. transit B. transfer C. transform D. transport

27. He was smoking; I could see: the tip of his cigarette in the darkness. A. shining B. sparkling C. glittering D. glowing

28. You pay a 10 percent deposit which you lose if you before completion. A. get on B. take over C. pull out D. hand in

29. She looked the house over and its rough market value.

A. asserted B. assessed C. assumed D. assembled

30. The research center is now with a German university to analyze the data collected. A. connecting B. correlating C. collaborating D. coordinating

31. By 2015 or so, doctors will be able to send X-rays stored in a hospital computer almost _____ to a specialist's video display terminal on the other side of the world

A. intentionally B. instantaneously C. spontaneously D. simultaneously

32. The are so good, in fact, that she is looking for investors to fund her plans for expansion across the country.

A. properties B. perspectives C. perceptions D. prospects

33. In spite of the diversity of subjects and backgrounds, the essays and poems can be classified under the title of local-flavor literature.

A. by and large B. by far C. by way of D. by turns

34. You can become a member of this club only by paying the fee, say, $250. A. request B. requisite C. respectful D. restraining 35. It was fascinating to see how the film ____ after World War II. A. modified B. evolved C. altered D. furthered Part III. Close Test (10minutes, 15 points)

Direction: Read the passage through. Then go back and choose one item of suitable words marked A, B, C or D for each blank in the passage. Mark the corresponding letter of the word(s) you have chosen with a single bar across the square brackets on your machine-scoring Answer Sheer.

Cancer is so common these days that it seems as if everyone will eventually get thedisease. And with the recent 36 of genes for breast, colon and ovarian cancer, you may think there’s 37 you can do to prevent the inevitable. But that's far from true. 38 , Harvard University researchers recently reported that 39 seven out of every 10 cancers are not 40 by genes at all but rather by the way we live. Thirty percent can be 41 directly to smoking, 30 percent to an unhealthy 42 and about 10 percent to other habits such as sun exposure or lack of 43 . So if your lifestyle can

cause cancer, it 44 that how you live can help prevent the disease, 45. Here's the latest advice on the best ways to 46 your risk fight now. Recent research shows a(n) 47 between body weight and cancer. The strongest link is is with uterine cancer. 48 because extra body fat increases the amount of estrogen in the bloodstream. According to the 1996 Harvard Report, women who are more man 35 percent49 their healthy weight have a 55 percent 50 risk of getting cancers.. 36. A. discovery B. evidence C. invention D. solution

37. A. anything B. nothing C. something D. Much 38. A.. In fact B. Furthermore C. Nevertheless D. after all 39. A. scarcely B. basically C. completely D. nearly

40. A. influenced B. determined C. identified D. subdivided 41. A. trace B. translated C. transmitted D. trailed 42. A. food B. custom C. cure D. diet

43. A. distraction B nourishment C. training D. exercise 44. A. Proves B. follows C. maintain D. emphasize 45. A. either B. though C. then D. too 46. .A. descend B. subside C. lower D. deduce

47. A. connection B. dependence C exception D. framework 4S. A. probably B. approximately C. particularly D. readily 49. A. beneath B. around C. beyond D. above 50. A. less B. more C. slighter D. greater Pan IV Reading Comprehension ( 45 minutes, 30 points)

Directions: In this part of[he test, there are five passages for you to read. Read each passage carefully, and then do the questions that follow. Choose the best answer A, B, G or D, and mark the corresponding letter on your Answer Sheet. (1)

The three main types of secondary education in the United States have been provided by the Latin grammar school, the academy, and the public high school. The first of these was a colonial institution. It began in New England with the establishment in 1635 of the Boston Free Latin School. The curriculum consisted mainly of the classical languages, and the purpose of this kind of school was the preparation of boys for college, where most of them would be fitted for the ministry.

The academy began in the early 1750's with Benjamin Franklin's school in Philadelphia, which later became the University of Pennsylvania. It extended generally to about the middle of the nineteenth century., except in the southern states where thc public high school was late in developing and where the academy continued as the principal means of secondary education even after 1900. The academy was open to girls as well as to boys, and it provided a wider

curriculum than the Latin grammar school had furnished. It was designed not only as a preparation for college but also for practical life in commercial and business activities.

Although its wide educational values were evident and are recognized as important contributions to secondary education in this country, the academy was never considered a public institution as the public high school has come to be.

The public high school had its origin in Massachusetts in 1821 when the English Classical School was established in Boston. In 1827, that state enacted the first state-wide public high-school law in the United States. By 1840, there were perhaps a dozen public high schools in Massachusetts and man in other eastern states; by l850, they were, also to be found in many other states.

Just as the curriculum of the academy grew out of that of tie Latin grammar school, so the curriculum of the public high school developed out of that of the academy. The public high school in the United States is a repudiation of the aristocratic and selective principle of the European educational tradition. Since 1890, enrollments in secondary high schools, mainly public high schools, have practically doubled in this country every ten years.

51.According to the author, the main types of secondary education in the United States have been provided by____ A New England establishments. B. the Latin grammar school and the academy. C. the public high school. D. both B and C.

52. The article states that the curriculum of the Latin grammar school was intended to prepare al1 students for____ A. the academy. B. high school. C. college. D. the academic life.

53. According to the passage, which of the following sequences indicates the order in which the schools developed? A. Latin grammar school, public high school, academy. B. Latin grammar school, academy, public high school. C. public high school, Latin grammar school, academy.

D. public high school, academy, Latin grammar school.

54. It is the opinion of the author that the academy, compared to the public high school, was____

A. obviously better academically. B. more discriminatory in student selection. C. coeducational. D. net generally considered a public institution. 55. Since 1890, secondary-school enrollments have____

A. almost doubled every ten years. B. practically doubled_ C. declined in enrollment. D. increased tenfold.

56. In the southern states, thc principal means of secondary education even after 1900 continued to be the____ A. Latin school. B. church school. C. classical language school. D. academy. (2)

Few words are more commonly used in our modern world than the word modern itself.

The innovations of manufactured articles, of institution, of attitudes of works of art are constantly brought to our attention. We ourselves may well be judged by whether we are modern or not. Indeed many people go to considerable lengths to make quite certain that they will be accepted as modern --- modern in their dress, their behavior, their beliefs. And yet, we may ask, must not earlier generations have felt precisely the same? Surely men throughout history must have recognized themselves as modern. Surely innovators like Julius Caeser, Peter the Great or Oliver Cromwell saw themselves as breaking with the past, as establishing a new order. Must they not also have shared our awareness of the significance of what is modern? What is modern is distinct from what belongs to the past and men in earlier times must have experienced this sense of distinctiveness. Men cannot escape and never have been able to escape, from an awareness of change. But reflection will tell us that our awareness of change, our sense of distinctiveness is very different from that of our distant ancestors.

Change for us is more, much more, than the change brought about by rice passing of time, by important events or by the actions of outstanding individuals or groups. We make use of change and are ourselves a part of a process of change. Change for us has become modernization and modernization implies, both direction and consciousness. What we boast of as modern or up-to-date today, will be old-fashioned or out of date tomorrow. The noisy insistence that something is modern often conceals fear of the knowledge that it will inevitably soon be superseded, again, the very fact that modernization has one attitude, acceptance or rejection. The desire to change or modify the world we live in implies acceptance, since the world is a world of change. Rejection of modernization may therefore, lead to a sense of the world as unreal and meaningless, and this, in turn to a breakdown, either individual or social. 57. According to the passage, our modern world today is marked with____

A. different lifestyles from our ancestors. B. frequent elimination of old things.

C. the emergence of industry education and culture. D. new interpretation of the word modern. 58. The author states that innovators in history must have____ A. had a strong sense of distinctiveness.

B. been successful in conquering other nations.

C. been able to escape from their awareness of change.

D. gone to considerable length to make themselves acceptable.

59. Our awareness of change is different from our predecessors' in that____

A. we are modernizing the world to a greater degree. B. we are more open to change.

C. we have established a totally new social order. D. we have made modernization our direction. 60. In the past changes could be caused by any or the following EXCEPT____ A. one person's actions. B, the passing of time. C. different levels of awareness. D. some significant event.

61. The fact that we try hard to stay modern reveals that we____

A. are afraid of changes. B. accept the changes of the world.

C.want to overtake others D.do not realize the inevitability of changes. 62. We may infer that \

A. don't tike old-fashioned dresses, behaviors or beliefs. B. boast of their innovations as being unique. C. are aware but afraid of modernization. D. suffer from personal breakdown. (3)

Bilingual competence has almost always been regarded as an essential requirement for translators, but this does not always mean that one must have an active competence in both the source mud target languages. Some unusually adept and successful translators have only had a passive (reader's) competence in a source language. This is obviously true for those who have translated the Greek, Latin, and Sanskrit classics, but it also applies to many translators of both technical and literary, texts in modern languages. Translators with very limited competence in the source language are, however, at a great disadvantage and must often compensate for this lack by obtaining the help of someone who may be weak in the target language but who is fully competent in the source language.

For truly successful translating, biculturalism is even more important than bilingualism, since words only have meanings in terms-of the cultures in which they function.

Dictionaries and encyclopedias are an important source of strategic cultural information, but they can never take the place of personal involvement in a foreign society. This is one of the reasons why most programs for the training of translators and interpreters require that students spend at least six months to a year in each of the countries where the students' acquired languages are spoken. Only by being in the countries in which a foreign language is spoken can one acquire the necessary sensitivity to the many special meanings of words and phrases. For example, in some parts of Latin America the Spanish word huahua means \tropical fruit, but in another, it is a reference to the female genital organs.

Differences of culture may also be a reason for having marginal notes in a translated text .

In many parts of Africa, the closest equivalent to the English word for \number of persons, in fact, all the women in the same age-grade who were initiated at the same time. The use of the

English word mother to refer to all such persons almost always requires a marginal note. Similarly, a Thai text of the four Gospels of the New Testament without an introduction was seriously misunderstood as being a series of four reincarnations, not as four different accounts of the life of Jesus. 63. This passage is mainly concerned with____

A. culture and language study. B. intercultural communications. C. methods of English Study. D. translation competence.

64. From the passage we may learn that a source language means one that____

A. is being decoded by someone. B. was used by ancient people to write classics. C. is employed by technologists or writers. D. is being encoded by translators.

65. Translation of the Greek, Latin and Sanskrit classics is less demanding probably because they____ A. are easier to understand. B. are not spoken languages.

C.are mostly found literary texts. D. differ little from modem languages. 66. The author implies that the greatest difficulty in translating is____

A. grammatical structures of file source language. B. different definitions of words in dictionaries. C. the spoken form of a foreign language. D. special meanings of words and phrases. 67. The author suggests that the best way to become bilingually competent is to____

A. consult dictionaries and encyclopedias. B. get personal experience of the culture. C. obtain the help of someone else. D. attend some mining programs. 68. What is implied in the last paragraph is that____

A.them is no equivalent for English word \ B. sometimes translation is inadequate to bridge the gap between different cultures. C. marginal notes are useful to clarify some difficult words and phrases in books D. Asian countries like Thai have different religious ideas from the Western cultures. (4)

Coverage of accident, fires and disasters is a staple of news reporting, but not every individual is cut out to report this type of news. Inevitably, accident coverage equates with the coverage of human tragedy. It's tough enough to cover an apartment fire and watch as the charred remains of children am removed. It's even tougher to do it on a regular basis. That weighs heavily on even the toughest of individuals, and some otherwise terrific reporters discover that they just cannot handle continued exposure to tragedy.

In most cases of this sort, it is helpful to remember that there's nothing you can do to help. Police and fire officials are trained in rescue and disaster-relief efforts; almost certainly, you are not. On rare occasions, however, the reporter can become a part of the story. Does the newspaper photographer try to stop a woman ,from jumping off a bridge to her death or does he photograph the plunge? You are told by your editors, quite appropriately, not to become part of the story. On the other hand, isn't the saving of a life more important? Such incidents place the reporter or photographer in an ethical dilemma.

But even if this type of coverage is not your style, there's a good chance that sooner or later you will have to do it. When that occurs, think clearly and set aside your emotions. Keen in mind that you have a duty to your readers, listeners or viewers to keep them informed.

There is good reason for media interest in such events. For many years, surveys of news consumers have shown that accidents, fires and disasters rank with crime and government news near the top of items of reader interest. Those studies confirm what editors know intuitively: The job of the news media is to get information to the public as quickly and accurately as possible.

The media also cover these events in their capacity as watchdog for the public over government agencies. In the police are slow in responding to an accident, is it because there are not enough officers or because they are poorly supervised? To ask questions like this on behalf of the public, reporters must observe public officials as they perform their duties.

69. The word \

A. big problem. B. tough job. C. daily routine. D. special item. 70. Coverage of accidents becomes unbearable when reporters have to____ A. act like the police or firemen. B. take a big share of the job. C. rush from one place to mother. D. do it frequently.

71. The author thinks that a reporter's duty on the scene of an accident is to____ A. stand by and be an observer. B. save the life of victims.

C. feel reluctant to accept the job. D. set aside his human compassion.

72. According to the author, an inexperienced reporter, when assigned to cover an accident, is likely to____ A.feel reluctant to accept the job. B.overlook important part of the story. C. get involved in the accident. D. set aside Ms human compassion 73. General news readers may find which of the following least interesting?

A.a bank robbery. B.a book review. C. a new state policy. D. an air crash. 74. According to the selection, news media have all the follow me functions EXCEPT____ A. recruiting police and firemen. B. making timely report.

C. giving authentic information. D. monitoring the operation of official agencies. 75. This selection is mainly addressing____

A. disaster-relief agencies. B. consumers of news. C. news media managers. D. students of journalism. (5)

It was not \abundance of scientific information. It was first spotted 370 million miles from Earth, by an astronomer who was searching the sky for asteroids, and after whom the comet was named. Scientists who tracked Kohoutek ten months

before it passed the Earth predicted the comet would be a brilliant spectacle. But Kohoutek fell short, of these predictions, disappointing millions of amateur sky watchers, when it proved too pile to be seen with the unaided eye. Researchers were delighted nonetheless with the new information they were able to glean from their investigation of the comet. Perhaps the most significant discovery was the identification of two important chemical compounds -- methyl cyanide and hydrogen cyanide --- never before seen in comets, but found in the far reaches of interstellar space. This discovery revealed new clues about the Origin of comets. Most astronomers agree that comets are primordial remnants from the formation of the solar system, but whether they were born between Jupiter and Neptune or much farther out, toward interstellar space has been the subject of much debate. If compounds no more complex than ammonia methane, the key components of Jupiter, were seen in comets, it would suggest that comets form within the planetary orbits. But more complex compounds, such as the methyl cyanide found in Kohoutek, point to formation far beyond the planets; there the deep froze of space has kept them unchanged. 76. The passage is mainly concerned with____

A. what was learned from Kohoutek. B. what was disappointing about Kohoutek. C. where Kohoutek was spotted. D. how Kohoutek was tracked. 77. Why was Kohoutek referred to as \

A. It was thought to be extremely old. B. It passes the Earth once a century.

C. Scientists predicted it would be very bright. D. Scientists have been tracking it for a century. 78. In what respect was Kohoutek a disappointment?

A. It could be seen only through special equipment. B. It did net approach the Earth.

C. It did not provide valuable scientific information. D. It was moving too rapidly for scientists to photograph. 79. Before the investigation of Kohoutek, where had methyl cyanide been known to exist?

A. In comets. B. On asteroids. C. Between Jupiter and Neptune. D. Beyond the Earth's solar system. 80. Which of the following questions is best answered by information gained from Kohoutek? A. Where were comets formed? B. When were comets formed?

C. When was the solar system formed? D. How was the solar system formed?

PAPER TWO Part V Translation (40 minutes, 20 points) Section A (20 minutes, 1O points)

Directions: Put the following passage into Chinese. Write your Chinese version in the proper space on Answer Sheet II.

Most debates about curriculum in American educational institutions swing back and forth for years without moving very far. They just witness the never-ending fight between supporters and opponents of phonics (the study of sounds of speech) in reading. But the same cannot be said about math. The news (that the state of Virginia will spend $20 million making sure that every student in advanced algebra classes will have the use of a $95 machine(called a graphing

calculator)is a fairly clear sign that the debate over whether math instruction should include calculators is basically ended. Rightly or wrongly, the question is now not whether, but how, the machines should be integrated into the curriculum and how they should figure in the tests that drive that curriculum. Section B (20 minutes, 10 points)

Directions: Put the following paragraph into English. Write your English version in the proper space or Answer Sheer II.

我国政府高度重视农业约发展，农业主产条件发生了显著的变化，生产水平有了很大的提高。尽管旱涝灾害时有发生，可耕地面积相对减少，我国仍然依靠自己的力量基本上保证了十二亿人口的温饱。 Part VI Writing (30 minutes, 10 point) Direction: Write an essay in which you:

* interpret the following graphs showing statistics of Internet users in China; *comment on the roles the Internet can play in the modem era;

*provide suggestions for promoting the use of the Internet in China.

Your essay should be no less than 120 words in length, and be written on Answer Sheet II .

Key For Your Reference

PartⅠ Listening Comprehension

1. D 2. C 3. B 4. A 5. B 6. B 7. C 8. A 9. B 10. B 11.C 12. D 13. B 14. B 15. C PartⅡ Vocabulary

16. A 17. C 18. B 19. D 20. A 21. C 22. D 23. C 24. B 25. A 26. B 27. D 28. C 29. B 30. C 31. B 32. D 33. A 34. B 35. B Part Ⅲ Cloze Test

36. A 37. B 38. A 39. D 40. B 41. A 42. D 43. D 44. B 45. D 46. C 47. A 48. A 49. D 50. D Part Ⅳ Reading Comprehension

51. D 52. C 53. B 54. D 55. A 56. D 57. B 58. A 59. D 60. C 61. B 62. C 63. D 64. A 65. B 66. D 67. B 68. B 69. C 70. D 71. A 72. C 73. B 74. A 75. D 76. A 77. C 78. A 79. D 80. A Part V Translation

Section A: English to Chinese

多年来，大多数有关美国学校课程设置的争论此起彼落，莫衷一是。人们围绕着阅读课是否应当包含语音学而争论不息，但是数学课的情况却不同。有新闻报道弗吉尼亚州将投资二千万美元，保证每个上高级几何课的学生都能用上价值95美元1台的图表计算器。显然，数学教学是否应该使用计算器的辩论已基本告一段落。对也罢，错也罢，目前的问题不是机器是否应该同课程结合起来，而是机器如何同课程相结合，以及如何在测试中计分以便推动课程发展。 Section B: Chinese to English

The Chinese government has been attaching great importance to agricultural development. Remarkable changes have been seen in conditions prevailing in agricultural production, leading to considerable growth in production. Despite the frequent occurrence of floods and draughts and a relative shrinkage of farm land, China has succeeded in meeting the basic needs of its 1.2 billion people in food and clothing with its own efforts.

December, 1998

PAPER ONE

PART I LISTENING COMPREHENSION (15 MINUTES, 15 points) Section A ( 1 point each )

Directions: In this section, you will hear nine short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said .The questions and the conversations will be spoken only once. Choose the best answer from the four choices given by marking the corresponding letter A, B, C, or D on your Answer Sheet. 1. A. With special greetings. B. With an easy-going laugh. C. With routine remarks. D. With a funny story.

2. A. Neither of the speakers wants to work too hard. B. Working is the woman's whore life, too. C. Both of the speakers hate to work. D. The man likes to play against others. 3. A. She thinks they are expensive. B. She doesn't think they are expensive. C. She thinks some are net expensive. D. She has no idea about this.

4. A. He needs to check with his secretary. B. He wants to discuss with her about the day for the meeting. C. The meeting should be delayed or even canceled. D. He does not want to attend the meeting. 5. A. A newspaper reporter. B. A telephone operator. C. A house-selling agent. D. An insurance agent. 6. A. Finding a book in the library. B. Making a phone call.

C. Seeing a doctor in a hospital. D. Solving an arithmetic problem. 7. A. She prefers the stadium. B. She agrees with the man.

C. The light isn't bright enough. D. The dining room isn't large enough. 8. A. She got married. B. She worked for the police. C. She visited Russia. D. She learned French.

9. A. In a classroom. B. In a restaurant C. In a movie theater. D. In the post office. Section B (1 point each)

Directions: In this section, you will hear two short passages. At the end of each passage, there will be some questions. Both the passages and the questions will be read to you only once. After each question, there will be a pause. During the pause, you must choose the best answer from the four choices given by marking the corresponding letter A. B, C or D on your Answer Sheet.

Passage 1 Question 10 through 12 are based on the following passage.

10. A. Because there are many developing nations. B. Because nature is more powerful than man.

C. Because we are developing more and more industry. D. Because it is already too late for us to do anything. 11. A. A modem way of life. B. The future of our children. C. Our health and good food. D. Clean air and pure water.

12. A. Man knows where society is going. B. Man can do little to prevent pollution.

C. The development of technology is exciting. D. The future of modern society is saddening. Passage 2 Questions 13 through 15 are based on the following passage. 13. A. One-half. B. One-fourth. C. One-third. D. One-fifth. 14. A. The same date of death. B. A private language.

C. The same dress. D. Different tooth structures.

15. A. They have the same blood type. B. They occur randomly in the population.

C. They can be of different sex. D. They may develop startling similarities later. PART II VOCABULARY ( 10 minutes, 10 points) Section A (0.5 point each )

Directions: There are ten sentences in this section. Each sentence has one word or a set of words underlined. Below the sentence are foul' words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Choose the word or phrase that is closest in meaning to the underlined one. Mark the corresponding letter on your Answer Sheet. 16. Professor Baker came up with a new idea in his lecture yesterday. A. abolished B. appreciated C. proposed D. cherished

17. The moon, the sun, and the visible planets were considered by the earliest observers to be divine objects. A. orbital B. sacred C. fanciful D. magnified

18. The quality of life for generations to come --- and the chance to solve conflict within nations and between them --- will depend on whether governments find ways of coping with accelerating urban growth. A. tackling B. encountering C. confronting D. suppressing

19. The presumption on which human cloning rests is that all these cells, though now specialized, still contain exact copies of the original set of genetic instructions needed to make an entire individual.

A. consumption B. impression C. assumption D. interpretation

20. Psychologists tell us that to be happy we need a blend of. enjoyable leisure time and satisfying work. A. conservation B. mixture C. substitution D. sort

21. The book is full of ideas presented through images, shedding light on philosophy through the aids of fables. A. rumors B. theories C. instances D. tales 22. As a result, the president's action was denounced in all the newspapers. A. condemned B. applauded C. announced D. acknowledged

23. In 1963, Maria Mayer was awarded the Nobel Prize in physics for-her findings on the constituents of the atomic nucleus.

A. discovery B. dimensions C. components D. connotations 24. The process of respiration consists of two independent actions, inhaling and exhaling. A. dreaming B. coughing C. reflecting D. breathing

25. Mutual respect offers a basis for making a plural society --- which is what the global neighborhood is --- not only stable but also one that values and is enriched by its diversity. A. variety B. unity C. warranty D. vicinity Section B (0.5 point each,)

Direction: There are ten sentences in this section. Each sentence has something omitted. Choose the word or words from the four choices given to best complete each sentence. Mark the corresponding letter on your Answer Sheet. 26. They began constructing this bridge in 1960, but several years ______ before the project was completed. A. elapsed B. proceeded C. relayed D. faded 27. Such living conditions ______ social and welfare problems.

A. give rise to B. give permission to C. give credit to D. give attention to

28. Many university courses are not really ______ to the needs of students or their future employers, A. adjusted B. qualified C. associated D. geared

29. Surrounding the business and shopping center we usually find the ______ and industrial belts. A. inhabited B. residential C. habitual D. dwelling

30. The research center is now __ with a German university to analyze the data collected.

A. collaborating B. contacting C. connecting D. associating

31. The country will take further measures to ease the \ afforestation, spreading cleaner production technology and ______ birth control.

A. intensifying B. condensing. C. restricting D. subjecting

32. The Texas Opera Theater was established as a(n)______of the Houston Grand Opera in order to give young singers performing experience.

A. agency B. association C. establishment D. subsidiary

33. Bodies with like electrical charges each other, and those with unlike charges attract each other. A. replicate B. reproduce C. repel D. reproach

34. In spite of the diversity of' subjects and backgrounds, the essays and poems can be ____ classified under the title of local-flavor literature.

A. by and large B. by far C. at large D. at any rate 35. Having a strong character, the crippled girl doesn't want to be ___ her boyfriend. A. in memory of B. at the mercy of C. in respect of D. at the risk of PART III CLOZETEST (10 minutes, 15 points)

With so many potential problems perhaps loning research should be banned. \ technique 36 for reproductive purposes,\

University of Minnesota. \ 37 of biology at the most fundamental level.\

Beatrice Mintz, \ is not to clone a human being, but to cure human disease.\ Already biologists studying the cell's inner 39 and the various methods of cloning have made discoveries that may 40 lead to breakthroughs in the fight against cancer, 41 of the aging process, and the conquest of more than 100 presently 42 human generic diseases. Cloning may 43 bring about new strains of livestock. At Yale, 44 , Market is working toward the cloning of such animals as cattle and pigs.

To 45 cloning-related research would mean closing the door 46 an important area of knowledge. To continue to probe the secrets of the cell, 47 , is perhaps to uncover the secret of human cloning. And 48 the nature of man, if it can be done it will be done.

What then is the answer?

Says Congressman Rogers, \ 49 possible. The day when it will be---if ever---is far off. For now, at least, the benefits of cell-biology research 50 the risks.\

36. A. regulated B. developed C. manufactured D. assigned

37. A. identification B. reasoning C. understanding D. recognition 38. A. reaction B. objective C. objection D. realization 39. A. services B. arranging C. workings D. situations 40. A. absolutely B. necessarily C. ultimately D. naturally 41. A. hindrance B. withdrawal C. obstacle D. control 42. A. practical B. impractical C. curable D. incurable 43. A. yet B. still C. not D. also

44. A. no wonder B. for example C. no doubt D. for sure 45. A. retain B. restrict C. refrain D. resume 46. A. to B. for C. of D. on

47. A. however B. furthermore C. therefore D. moreover 48. A. presuming B. given C. supposing D. provided 49. A. in fact B. not yet C. till now D. as yet

50. A. overreach B. outgrow C. outweigh D. overcome PART IV READING COMPREHENSION (45 minutes, 30 points)

Directions: in this part of the test, there are five passages for you to read. Read each passage Carefully, and then do the questions their follow. Choose the best answer A, B, C, or D, and Mark the corresponding letter on your Answer Sheet. (1)

Fifty volunteers were alphabetically divided into two equal groups, Group A to participate in a 7 week exercise program, and Group B to avoid deliberate exercise of any sort during those 7 weeks. On the day before the exercise program began, all 50 men participated in a step test. This consisted of stepping up and down on a 16-inch bench at 30 steps a minute for 5 minutes. One minute after completion of the step-test, the pulse rate of each subject was taken and recorded. This served as the pretest for the experiment. For the next 7 weeks, subjects in the experiment group (Group A) rode an excercycle (a motor-driven bicycle-type exercise machine) for 15 minutes each day. Thc exercise schedule called for riders to ride relaxed during the first day's ride, merely holding onto the handle bars and foot pedals as the machine moved. Then. for the next 3 days, they rode relaxed for 50 seconds of each minute, and pushed, pulled, and pedaled

actively for 10 seconds of each minute. The ratio of active riding was increased every few days, so that by the third week it was half of each minute, and by the seventh week the riders were performing 15 solid minutes of active riding. At the end of the 7 weeks, the step-test was again given to both groups of subjects, and their pulses taken. The post-exercise pulse rates of subjects in the experimental group were found to have decreased an average of 30 heart beats

per minute, with the lowest decrease 28 and the highest decrease 46. The pulse rates of subjects in the control group remained the same or changed no more than 4 beats with an average difference between the initial and final tests or zero. 5 I. How many people were in each group?

A. 100 B. 50 C. 25 D. 15 52. The step-test was given______ A. after each exercise period.

B. at the beginning and at the end of the seven week period. C. only once, at the beginning of the seven week period.

D. twice to the men in Group A and once to the men in Group B. 53. When were pulse rates taken?

A. After every exercise period B. Every. day.

C. After the step-tests. D. Every time the ration of active riding was increased. 54. The exercise schedule was planned so that the amount of active riding______

A. increased every few days. B. varied from day to day.

C. increased until the third week and then was kept constant. D. increased every exercise period. 55. What did Group A do in their program?

A. They stepped up and down on a belch each day. B. They pushed and pulled on exercise handles every day. C. They refrained from any exercise. D. They rode on an excercyclc every day. 56. The post-exercise pulse rates of Group B were found on the average to have______

A. not changed. B. gone down 28 beats per minute. C. gone down 30 beats per minute. D. gone down 4 beats per minute. (2)

Large companies need a way to reach the savings of the public at large. The same problem, on a smaller scale, faces practically every, company trying to develop new products and create new jobs. There can be little prospect of raising the sort of sums needed from friends and people we know; and while banks may agree to provide short-term finance, they are generally unwilling to provide money on a permanent basis for long-term projects. So companies turn to the public, inviting people to lend them money, or take a share in the business in exchange for a shoe in future profits. This they do by issuing stocks and shares in the business through The Stock Exchange. By doing so they can put into circulation the savings of individuals and institutions, both at home and overseas.

When the saver needs his money back., he does not have to go to the company with whom he originally placed it. Instead, he sells his shares through a stockbroker to some other saver who is seeking to invest his money.

Many of the services needed both by industry and by each of us are provided by the Government or by local authorities. Without hospitals, roads, electricity, telephones, railways, this country could not function. All these require continuous spending on new equipment and new development if they are to serve us properly, requiring more money than is raised through taxes alone. The Government, local authorities, and nationalized industries therefore frequently need to borrow money to finance major capital spending, and they, too, come to The Stock Exchange.

There is hardly a man or woman in this country whose job or whose standard of living does not depend on the ability of his or her employers to raise money to finance new development. In one way or another this new money must come from the savings of the country. The Stock Exchange exists to provide a channel through which these savings can reach those who need finance.

57. Almost all companies involved in new production and development must______ A. rely on their own financial resources.

B. persuade the banks to provide long-term finance.

C. borrow large sums of money from friends and people they know. D. depend on the population as a whole for finance.'

58. The money which enables these companies to go ahead with their projects is______

A. repaid to its original owners as soon as possible. B. raised by the selling of shares in the companies. C. exchanged for part of the ownership. D. invested in different companies on The Stock Exchange. 59. When the savers want their money back they______

A. ask another company to obtain their money for them. B. look for other people to borrow money from. C. put their shares in the company back on the market. D. transfer their money to a more successful company. 60. All the essential services on which we depend are______

A. run by the Government or our local authorities. B. in constant need of financial support.

C. financed wholly by rates and taxes. D. unable to provide for the needs of the population. 61. The Stock Exchange. makes it possible for the Government, local authorities and nationalized industries to______ A. borrow as much money as they wish. B. make certain everybody saves money.

C. raise money to finance new developments. D. make certain everybody lends money to them. 62. It is implied that the money loaned from the public will help, in return,______

A. improve their life and employment prospects. B. increase their savings by accumulating interests. C. reduce tax payment on the average. D. monitor the business management. (3)

Jacques-Yves Cousteau, a member of the Academie Francaise, died in Pans in the early morning of June 25, 1997, and was accorded a memorial Mass attended by French President Jaeqes Chirac at the Cathedral of Notre Dame in Paris, an honor usually reserved for heads of state.

A new era of exploration of the strange and wonderful world covering nearly three-fourths of our planet had begun in the summer of. 1943 in a secluded .French Riviera cove when Cousteau, the Adam of a submerged Garden of Eden before the Fall, first slipped into the sea wearing his Aqua-Lung, the simple but elegant invention that enabled humans to take their breath with them beneath the sea.

Cousteau had dreamed, literally, of flying free under water, swimming horizontally like a fish, weightless, and maneuvering easily in three dimensions. He wanted nothing to do with the divers in standard diving dress, heavy feet, with their rubberized canvas suits, copper helmets, and lead-soled boots, making their ponderous way across the seabed, dragging their lifelines and air hoses behind them. He knew what he wanted, but it did not exist: self-contained compressed-air cylinders and a valve with hoses and mouthpiece that would feed turn air only on the intake, at the pressure of the surrounding sea, shutting off the flow when he exhaled.

Taking his idea to Pads engineer Emile Gagnan, he was astonished when Gagnan showed him a Bakelite valve, saying: \gasoline-scarce wartime France.

For human use the pioneers designed a spring-loaded diaphragm open to the sea. As the diver descended, increasing sea pressure automatically released air at greater volume and pressure, keeping the diver safely and

comfortably in balance with the sea. Today millions of divers wear this device without a thought, but at the time the Aqua-Lung was epic-making. It opened the submarine world to a new age of discovery. 63. Cousteau was given a special honor after death mainly because he was______ A. a member of the French Academy. B. a close friend of the President's. C. one of the state political leaders. D. an outstanding inventor of the time. 64. Cousteau succeeded in______

A. improving the standard diving dress. B. creating the copper helmets and canvas suits. C. using lifelines and air hoses underwater. D. designing equipment for breathing underwater. 65. Gagnan helped Cousteau to solve the problem of______

A. the cylinder that contained compressed air. B. the valve that would close and open automatically. C. the rubberized canvas suit that was heavy to wear. D. the mouthpiece that would feed the diver with air. 66. Cousteau was astonished to see a Bakelite valve because______

A. he did not expect it to be the very thing he needed. B. Gagnan showed him something he had never seen before. C. it was something that most people would like to have. D. he did not expect his friend to be so intelligent. 67. Thanks to Cousteau's contribution, man can______

A. breathe: more easily on land. B. use cooking gas to run motor cars.

C. swim like a fish in the sea. D. explore the seabed like a bus passenger. 68. Named as the \

A. Cousteau was the first person to slip into the sea with Aqua-Lung. B. Gagnan was the first person who discovered a new car fuel.

C. Chiroe was the first French President to attend a memorial Mass.

D. Cousteau was one of the great men born in a secluded French Riviera bay. (4)

When concerned parents protest the excessive sex or violence on television, they often seek control of television from some outside agency: Our research, however, suggests that the most effective control of TV's influence on children can be exerted from within the home.

We have found that there is major obstacle that parents need to overcome in connection with TV viewing.

Surprisingly enough, we are going to advocate that parents act rudely---at least as far as the TV set is concerned. Most of us have been socialized ill our lives with the warning, \ancestors never imagined a mechanical visitor sitting in the middle of our home 'who talks without stop and never allows the listener an opportunity to put a word in edgewise.

During our research, we found upon questioning parents that they usually reacted to TV content they disliked or disagreed with by remaining silent. This brings to mind an old saying that parents might well be advised to consider,\Silence gives consent.\

We advocate loud reactions and exclamations of disapproval when something is presented on TV which is in opposition to the family's values or offends them in any way. Similarly, when a program is in accordance with the

family's views, parents should approve of its content--- and applaud loudly. There is much that Shakespearean audiences of old could teach us in regard to such spontaneous, public reactions. Silence is misleading to our children.

This process of direct intervention--vocal approval or disapproval of TV content--- is highly effective with young children, because they are curious, learning rapidly and ready to place a great deal of confidence in the information and attitudes of their parents and other significant adults, such as teachers. For teenagers indirect intervention is recommended, because this group is more resistant to adult statements and does not like to be \

Indirect intervention is the practice of making comments about TV to other members of the family, but in such a way that teenager is sure to overhear the comments.

Our research shows that through such parental comments of approval or disapproval, adults can dramatically influence the information their children receive and retain from watching TV. 69. We may infer from the first paragraph that parents______

A. find that their children like to watch those sex or violence TV programs. B. hope that school or society can do something to control bad TV programs. C. feel that they can exert some influences on their children at home only. D. realize that there is a generation gap between them and their children. 70. By advocating that parents act rudely, the author means that parents______ A. shouldn't conceal their motions about some of the programs. B. shouldn't hesitate to take control over the TV set at least, C. should punish children for not listening to them.

D. should act as our ancestors did in respecting others in conversation. 71. The passage implies that the audiences in Shakespearean time______

A. were easily satisfied. B. were uncritical but loud. C. were critical and loud. D. were critical but silent. 72. Indirect intervention works best with

A. young children. B. adults. C. all the members in the family. D. teenagers. 73. If parents remain silent about offensive TV contents,______

A. children may mistakenly think it all right for them to watch those programs. B. teenagers may become more resistant to their parents' attitude.

C. young children may place more confidence in their parents' information. D. they lose a good chance to \

74. With which of the following topics is the passage mainly concerned?

A. Research on TV influence. B. Sex and violence on TV.

C. Parents protest against sex and violence on TV. D. Control of TV influence on children. (5)

The scientific pipeline in America is drying up: the retirement of aging U.S. scientists, a shortage of new and young scientists because of the low birth rate in the '60s and '70s, and the homeward migration of many U.S.-educated foreigners. The result could be a shortfall of between 450,000 and 750,000 American scientists and mathematicians by the year 2000. The science deficit threatens America's competitiveness with rising technological giants like Japan, South Korea and Germany.

How did America, birthplace of Thomas Edison and the Wright brothers, come to such a pass? One reason is lack of consistent financial support for science education. Funding for the National Science Foundation used to be between $18 million to $130 million, but by recent years financing for NSF's education division had fallen to almost zero, and Congress had to fight to revive it over the protests of the federal government.

Some experts, though probably a minority, argue that funding is not the critical problem, or is not the only reason why U.S. scientists are becoming a scarce commodity. The image of scientists is less prominent than it was in the '50s and '60s, when men and women in lab coats were seen as national heroes helping the U.S. beat the Soviets in all kinds of scientific and technological competitions. Today the country's brightest aspire to be bankers and lawyers, not chemists or rocket designers.

Capable science teachers are difficult to find, in part because school salaries are no match for the incomes to be made at any of those business companies. As a result, the men and women who do choose the classroom over the corporate lab are often poor role models for potential young scientists. According to a survey of.1993, half of the country's newly employed math and science teachers are not qualified to teach theft subjects.

Many worried U.S. educators and business executives have concluded that America's shrinking scientific capital is too important a problem to be left to state legislatures and local communities. If a national dialogue on ways to improve education were to be opened, science instruction would be sure to be a major topic of discussion. \are the substance of this age, just as exploration and warfare were the substance of other ages.\

former chairman of AT&T Bell Telephone Laboratories. \75. Which of the following does the author seem to worry about? A. The dried pipelines in American homes.

B. The weakening of America's competitiveness in science. C. The incapability of state legislatures to solve problems. D. The immigration of many educated foreigners into the U.S.

76. Thomas Edison and the Wright brothers are mentioned in the passage to indicate that______ A. they, as great scientists and inventors, were born in America.

B. they once helped America to be competitive in science and technology. C. America has historically been a place for great scientists and inventors. D. America's supremacy in science and technology was something in the past. 77. What is NOT mentioned as a cause for the decline of science education in America'?

A. Insufficient funding B. Loss of favor for the science profession. C. Unqualified science teachers. D. Neglect of Congress 78. Many good science .graduates don't want to be scientists because______

A. professors do not make as much money as bankers do. B. the career of a banker seems more challenging. C. few can become capable or prominent scientists.

D. they are more interested in becoming rocket designers.

79. It is implied by the author that the shortfall of scientists should be the concern of______

A. all educational institutions. B. the federal and state governments. C. state legislatures and local communities. D. the American nation as a whole. 80. At the end of the passage William Baker was quoted to show that science______

A. is vitally important for the Americans. B. will lend America into world dominance. C. should be explored in all ages. D. used to be substantially useful in wars. PAPER TWO

PART V TRANSLATION (40 minutes, 20 points) Section A (20 minutes, 10 points)

Directions: Put the following passage into Chinese. Write your Chinese version in the proper space on Answer Sheet 1I. Language was the principal means used by human beings to communicate with one another. Although it was primarily spoken, it could be transferred to other media, such as writing. The immense merit of language was that it made possible the transmission of experience. What had been learned in one generation could be passed on whole to the next. Instruction could in large measure replace personal experience. Writing, even more than speech, made possible the creation of a storehouse of knowledge, and the supplementing memory by means of records. It was this facility of preserving what individuals had found out that, more than anything else, made human progress possible. Section B (20 minutes, 10 points)

Directions: Put the following paragraph into English. Write your English version in the proper space on Answer Sheet II, 过去的科学家用他们的思想奠定了人类进步的基础。但这些思想有时却须经过若干年才能被人们充分理解。有了计算机，科学家的各种设想就可以比以往任何时候都更迅速地得到检验、传播及应用。

PART VI, WRITING (30minutes, 10 points)

Directions: Study the picture below and write a short essay in at least 120 words to cover the following points:

1) What message is the picture giving?

2) From your own experience, comment on the message. 3) Suggest some solutions to the problem.

Key For Your Reference

PartⅠ Listening Comprehension

1. D 2. A 3. C 4. B 5. D 6. A 7. B 8. A 9. A 10. C 11.A 12. D 13. C 14. B 15. C Part Ⅱ Vocabulary

16. C 17. B 18. A 19. C 20. B 21. D 22. A 23. C 24. D 25. A 26. A 27. A 28. D 29. B 30. A 31. A 32. D 33. C 34. A 35. B Part Ⅲ Cloze Test

36. B 37. C 38. B 39. C 40. C 41. D 42. D 43. D 44. B 45. B 46. A 47. A 48. B 49. B 50. C Part Ⅳ Reading Comprehension

51. C 52. B 53. C 54. A 55. D 56. A 57. D 58. B 59. C 60. B 61. C 62. A 53. D 64. D 65. B 66. A 67. C 68. A 69. B 70. A 71. C 72. D 73. A 74. D 75. B 76. C 77. D 78. A 79. D 80. A Part V Translation

Section A: English to Chinese

语言是人类彼此交流的主要手段。尽管语言主要通过说话来表达，它也可以转换成其他方式进行，如文字／书写。语言的特大优点就是它能使经验得到传播。一代人所学会的东西可以完整无缺地传给下一代。教学在很大程度上可以替代个人经验。文字甚至比话语更有助于人类建设知识宝库，它还能通过记录的手段辅助记忆。正是有了这种积累个人经验的便利条件，才使人类的进步成为可能。 Section B: Chinese to English

Scientists of the past had laid the foundation for human advances with their ideas, but their ideas sometimes had to wait for years be{ore they were fully understood. With the computer, the perceptions of scientists can be tested, distributed and applied more rapidly than ever before.

June, 1999

PAPER ONE

PART I LISTENING COMPREHENSION (15 minutes, 15 points) Section A (1 point each )

Directions: In this section, you will hear nine short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The questions and the conversations will be spoken only once. Choose the best answer from the four choices given by marking the corresponding letter A, B, C, or D on your .Answer Sheet. 1. A. 10 minutes. B. 20 minutes. C. 15 minutes. D. 30 minutes. 2. A. He was speeding. B. He ran a red light.

C. He went through a stop sign. D. He turned a corner too fast.

3. A. In a school office. B. In a bank. C. In a doctor's clinic. D. In a department store. 4. A. Leave work early. B. Call the telephone company at noon.

C. Go to work during the afternoon. D. Go to the man's office between one and three. 5. A. Experience. B. Degrees. C. Good looks. D. Age.

6. A. Mend the roof. B. Go fishing. C. Go for a walk. D. Make a phone call.

7. A. During December. B. Four years ago. C. Last year. D. This year. 8. A. He had a traffic accident. B. He went to a garage to repair his car. C. He had to see a friend in the hospital. D. He didn't want to see the movie. 9. A. William is learning to play the violin. B. William can't play the violin.

C. William plays the violin very well. D. William is very proud of his performance. Section B (1 point each)

Directions: In this section, you will hear two short passages. At the end of each passage, there will be some questions. Both the passages and the questions will be read to you only once. After each question, there will be a pause. During the pause, you must choose the best answer from the four choices given by marking the corresponding letter A, B, C or D on your Answer Sheet.

Passage 1 Questions 10 through 12 are based on the following passage.

10. A. To honor the invention of dynamite. B. To give himself a better fame to be remembered by. C. To increase the amount of the original legacy. D. To help scientists in economic difficulties. 11. A. Economic. B. Political. C. Diplomatic. D. Emotional. 12. A. Peace. B. Medicine. C. Science. D. Literature. Passage 2 Questions 13 through 15 are based on the following passage. 13. A. Thursday. B. Friday. C. Saturday. D. Sunday. 14. A. 10 percent. B.20 percent. C. 30 percent. D. 80 percent. 15. A. A traffic jam. B. Low temperatures. C. Storms. D. Showers. PART II VOCABULARY ( 10 minutes, 10 points) Section A ( 0. 5 point each)

16. It was not a profitable transaction and he lost approximately $ 600 over it. A. competition B. exercise C. incident D. business

17. The conviction that their nation will be revitalized largely prevails among its people. A. distinction B. belief C. autonomy D. awareness

18. The man was extravagant in his way of living and soon exhausted all the money he had inherited. A. overstated B. wasteful C. exaggerated D. extinct 19. Tourist class passengers are prohibited from using the first-class lounge.

A. harnessed B. destroyed C. preserved D. forbidden

20. A four-day meeting was called to assess Washington's withdrawal from the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization.

A. discuss B. accumulate C. evaluate D. condemn 21. There was almost no discernible difference between those two white wines.

A. negligible B. accountable C. comparable D. perceivable

22. Whether in or out of the classroom, computers represent a form of learning that is available to all types of people.

A. appreciable B. accessible C. incurable D. measurable

23. They know that a combination of strong winds, mild and humid air, and cold air might trigger a really explosive weather situation.

A. set off B. set up C. set down D. set out

24. By 1871 the United States Congress had done away with all internal taxes and was relying on tariffs on imported goods to provide sufficient revenue to run the government..

A. manipulated B. allocated C. eliminated D. decreased 25. Most voters care more about jobs and therefore the Government can write off voters motivated by environmental issues.

A. explore B. include C. withstand D. ignore Section B (0.5 point each)

Directions: There are ten sentences in this section. Each sentence has something omitted.

Choose the word or words from the four choices given to best complete each sentence. Mark the corresponding letter on your Answer Sheet.

26. The novelist is a highly ________ person whose works appeal to many readers. A. imaginable B. imaginative C. imaginary D. imagined

27. Lester clearly valued land above money, for in the past few years he has _______ several good offers for his hundred acres.

A. turned down B. involved in C. held back D. taken over

28. Although the false bank notes fooled many, people, they did not_____ close examination. A. put up B. keep up C. stand up to D. look up to

29. The newspaper confirmed that the government passed a new law to keep the rise and fall of prices ____.

A. in effect B. in force C. in line D. in use

30. _______ verbs describe processes in which two or more people or things interact mutually: they do the same thing to each other.

A. Reciprocal B. Indicative C. Literal D. Relative

31. The young men were making such a noise in the restaurant that the police came and______ them.

A. emitted B. injected C. ejected D. rejected.

32. My dictionary says that \ happiness is the \

A. idea B. word C. version D. definition

33. It is hard to imagine the world's cities being able to withstand the pressure on them for long, accommodating the explosive growth predicted for the next decade. A. other than B. let alone C. thanks to D. so to speak

34. In order to understand the concept of infinity, we must think in much broader terms than we are ______.

A. used to B. able to C. equal to D. superior to

35. Classicism is a form of art derived from Greek and Roman styles and is characterized by harmony, , and peacefulness.

A. symposium B. symmetry C. synonym D. symptom PART III CLOZE TEST (10minutes, 15 points)

Direction: Read the passage through. Then go back and choose one item of suitable word(s),Marked A, B, C or D for each blank in the passage. Mark the corresponding letter of the word(s) you have chosen with a single bar across the square brackets on your Machine-scoring Answer Sheet.

How often have you said, \place or time? Change is the most universe. We need to accept all change--- 36 thing in the welcome or

unwelcome--- with the understanding that 37 comes to stay, but only to 38 . And because two things can 39 occupy the same space at the same time, one change makes way 40 the next, giving us the opportunity to grow. Linda was frustrated when she learned her husband 41 be transferred to a city a thousand miles from her family and friends. 42 that she would be miserable, she resisted bitterly. She secretly wished her husband would go with her.

43 a friend convinced her that although the sun was 44 on one life, it would rise on another. So she decided to accept the change as 45 as possible. To make friends, she joined a 46 class. There she disco vered a talent she never dreamed she had. 47 her teacher arranged an exhibition. Linda's work was so well 48 that she soon became a sought-after watercolorist.

\have discovered.\

If we learn to welcome change, if we 49 the blessings in it, we will be able to accept the problems and worries of the present, kno wing that \

Remember, one door never closes without another 50.

36. A. changeless B. changing C. changeable D. changeful 37. A. anything B. something C. nothing D. one thing 38. A. Draw up B. showoff C. run away D. pass by 39. A. always B. often C. seldom D. never 40. A. before B. for C. into D. onto

41. A. would B. has to C. should D. ought to

42. A. True B. Surprised C. Supposed D. Certain 43. A. When B. Hence C. While D. Then

44. A. setting B. leaving C. retreating D. going 45. A. genuinely B. greedily C. guiltily D. gracefully

46. A. singing B. psychological C. painting D. sociological 47. A. Before long B. Long before ' C. In short D. For long

48. A. understood B. declared C. received D. debated 49. A. look up B. look for C. look after D. lookout 50. A. knocking B. locking C. moving D. opening

PART IV READING COMPREHENSION (45 minutes, 30 points)

Few modern works of social science have aroused so wide an interest as David Riesman's study of the changing American character, The Lonely Crowd. Published in 1950 by a university press, it soon transcended the limited

audience for which it was intended. When the book was brought out in a paper-bound edition, it sold so widely that it became a prodigy of the publishing world. The terminology of the work, especially the phrases \\

The Lonely Crowd presents the hypothesis that there has been a significant change in the character and ideals of the American people over the past few decades. This change is described as a movement from \direction.\the trend away from inner direction toward other direction implies that the ambitious, competitive character, who is

highly individualistic and makes great demands on himself (and others), is becoming less typical of the American culture, and is yielding to a less assertive and more conciliatory character, attuned to the requirements of the group either in co-operation or in conformity, and taking direction from the ideals and demands of others.

Mr. Riesman wishes not to be partisan (sympathizer) with either form of \most of his readers will find that inner direction, as he describes it is more attractive than other direction. He accepts neither as an ideal form of motivation, and offers as an escape from both the difficult ideal of autonomy. But as an

objective observer of American life, he can note the advantages as well as the dangers of the new tendency. He sees the diminution of inner direction as implying a lessening of individualism, personal self-definition, energy, and sheer interestingness. But he is no less aware that the increase of other direction implies a lessening of raw competitiveness and an increase of co-operativeness and of friendliness, if not of friendship. 51. After The Lonely Crowd came out in the 50's,

A. it was soon published again by a university press. B. Americans began to change their characters.

C. works of social sciences became a wonder of publishing world. D. it won a readership that went beyond expectation.

52. One of the proofs of the success of The Lonely Crowd lies in the fact that A. most sociologists accept its principles without question.

B. it brought about a change in the American character.

C. some of its terminology has become part of American vocabulary. D. it has done justice to the meaning of the two concepts.

53. That the character and ideals of the American people have changed significantly in the past few decades is A. an established fact. B. a sociological law.

C. a proposition discussed in The Lonely Crowd. D. a proposition Mr. Riesman set out to disprove. 54. Generally speaking, the other-directed man

A. makes great demands on himself. B. is highly competitive in character.

C. conforms to or co-operates with the group. D. is not aware of the requirements of the group. 55. An advantage of the trend to other direction is

A. an enhancement of self-definition. B. a boost of energy.

C. an increase in competition. D. an increase of friendliness. 56. According to the author, Mr. Riesman

A. is strongly against inner direction. B. does not side with either of the tendencies. C. offers \ D. prefers \ (2)

The universities from which our own are descended were founded in the Middle Ages. They were established either by corporations of students wanting to learn, as in Italy, or by teachers wanting to teach, as in France. Corporations that had special legal or customary privileges for the purpose of carrying out the intentions of the

incorporators were common in those days. The university corporations of the Middle Ages at the height of their power were not responsible to anybody, in the sense that they could not be brought to book (被追究、惩罚) by any authority. They claimed, and made good their claim, complete independence of all secular (世俗的、非宗教的) and religious control. The American university was, however, at first a corporation formed by a religious denomination (教派) or by the state for the purposes, of the denomination of the state.

The American university in the seventeenth century was much closer to the American university today than to the medieval university. The Puritan (清教徒)communities needed ministers and professional men and so established universities to provide them. Later, religious groups built universities in order to extend their own influence. For

example, the University of Chicago was founded by Baptists (浸礼会教徒)to combat the rising tide of Methodism (卫理公会教派)in the Middle West. The president and the trustees of the university were required to have the proper religious

affiliations （联系) in order to keep the university on the right path. Fortunately, the combination of John D. Rockefeller, Willam Rainey Harpet, and the enlightened wing of the Baptist church preserved the university from too narrow an interpretation of its purpose.

57. The passage states that French universities in the Middle Ages were founded by

A. students wanting to learn. B. the state.

C. groups of professors. D. the Catholic church. 58. The basic motive for setting up a university in a Puritan community was to

A. spread the religious ideals of the Puritans. B. provide necessary personnel for the community. C. educate the young about their religion. D. prevent the spread of other religious. 59. The author says the University of Chicago was established because of A. the need for Baptist physicians in the Middle West. B. the increasing lack of reverence in the Middle West.

C. a fear that Baptist beliefs were losing ground in the Middle West. D. a strong desire to be the first university in the area.

60. We can infer from the passage that the founders of the University of Chicago

A. were corporations of students and teachers. B. were independent of any control.

C. were a group of strict Baptists. D. had never been connected with the Baptist church. 61. The passage implies that the University of Chicago

A. successfully fought the influence of Methodists. B. underwent a period of liberalization.

C. remained true to its founders' principles. D. was eventually taken over by the Methodists. 62. Which of the following does the passage tell us about John D. Rockefeller? A. He wanted to spread the Baptist religion.

B. He was a founder of the University of Chicago.

C. He was an early president of the University of Chicago. D. He broadened the goals of the University of Chicago. (3)

A recent study has confirmed what many people already believe---caffeine(咖啡因) is addictive. Dr. Griffiths from the Johns Hopkins School of Medicine published the results of his latest study in a journal. According to Dr. Griffiths, \some people can become dependent on the substance.

In the United States, over 80 percent of adults consume caffeine in some form. Coffee, tea, soda and chocolate are the most common sources. Each day, the average adult ingests approximately 280 milligrams of caffeine, the amount found in about two large cups of coffee.

At this level of consumption, caffeine tends to have a positive effect. People who take in small amounts of caffeine say they feel more awake and alert. In higher doses, however, caffeine can produce negative effects, such as anxiety and nervousness. But according to the researchers, these negative effects are not a serious health threat. In fact, when compared to other addictive substances, such as alcohol or nicotine, caffeine is relatively harmless.

Dr. Griffiths points out that there is a distinction between physical dependence on a substance and actual addiction. While millions of Americans say they are addicted to caffeine, Dr. Griffiths says most of them are only physically dependent on the substance. In other words, they will suffer withdrawal symptoms, such as lethargy and headaches if they stop using it.

Actual addiction is a much more serious condition. In order to be considered a true addict, a person must meet four criteria. These criteria are: 1) gradual development of a tolerance to the effects of the substance 2) withdrawal symptoms when the substance is no longer consumed 3) persistent use of the substance even if it causes or aggravates medical problems 4) repeated failed attempts to stop using the substance.

According to Dr. Griffiths, most coffee or soda drinkers can give up caffeine if they try. Therefore, they are not full-fledged caffeine addicts. However, these people will probably experience unpleasant physical effects when they stop using caffeine. Therefore, the drug should be used with caution. 63. We learned from the passage that Dr. Griffiths was the first to

A. confirm that caffeine is one of the addictive substances many people use. B. prove that caffeine is the strongest mind-altering drug ever found.

C. discover that caffeine is commonly contained in drinks like coffee and tea. D. estimate that 80% adult Americans are addicted to caffeine in some form. 64. Each day the average adult in the United States

A. drinks two large cups of coffee. B. takes in about 280 milligrams of caffeine.

C. needs to take in high doses of caffeine to stay awake. D. tries to reduce the amount of caffeine he takes in. 65. According to the author, caffeine, when taken in small doses,

A. is safe and stimulating. B. is likely to cause anxiety.

C. is just as harmful as other addictive substances. D. may lead to much more serious condition. 66. A true addict of caffeine usually

A. is only physically dependent on the substance.

B. won't stop using the drug unless it causes other conditions.

C. consumes more and more of the substance to get the same effect.

D. will stop using the drug if he makes repeated attempts to quit it. 67. Iran average coffee drinker wants to quit the habit,

A. it will be a very easy matter for him. B. it will be a serious health threat to him.

C. he may become addicted to alcohol or smoking instead. D. he will have to suffer headaches or sleepiness. 68. Which of the following statements is true?

A. Dr. Griffiths found that coffee is the world's most widely used drink.

B. Many people had suspected the addictive effects of caffeine before Dr. Griffiths. C. If one drinks more than 280 milligrams of caffeine, he is addicted to it.

D. When compared to other addictive substances, caffeine is the most difficult to quit. (4)

Can one really describe a person's characteristics according to a Sun sign, that particular zone of the zodiac in which the sun was located at the moment of one's birth? Experts state that the personality characteristics influenced by one's Sun sign will be approximately eight percent accurate when one describes that individual. Let us consider two signs, Leo ( the lion ) and Cancer ( the crab ) to see what characteristics are typical of a person born under those Sun signs. The Leo personality is characterized by a desire to rule those around him and by energetic and gregarious nature. The cancer personality is characterized by the display of a variety, of passing moods. The Cancerian enjoys laughter and is often the funniest in a room; he secretly loves attention. While he doesn't actively pursue fame, he also does not shrink from it. Similarly, the Leo enjoys being in the spotlight, and unlike the Cancerian, actively achieves attention with bold and dramatic statements.

Both are sensitive to others. Leos have vulnerable egos that can be wounded by those who do not respect their wisdom and generosity. Cancerians, when hurt, seek solitude; their feelings are sensitive and their tears are real. Known for their changing moods, they may appear happy, melancholy, or crabby at times.

Both personalities have distinctive physical features. A typical Leo may have thick heavy hair, a deceptively lazy look, a walk that is straight and proud yet smooth and gliding like a cat's, and a commanding appearance. The typical Cancerians may have a large skull, brow. And cheekbones, long arms and legs. an extremely thin body, and enormously expressive features that show his many moods.

Cancerians' moods are intense and they can make one feel them too: They are known for their secrecy, compassion, and intuition; people often confide in them. Likewise, Leos are cunning, but they act in a more commanding way; they love to teach and tell others how to manage their lives. They are especially good at rationalizing and smoothing out someone's problems. Leos often behave dramatically and act in a superior or commanding manner as they direct others or organize matters. Similarly, Cancerians take in all there is to know about others with compassion, and they never reveal their inner thoughts. Unlike Leos, they rarely judge; rather, they gather, absorb, and reflect. They help others, but cautiously decide how to distribute their time, money and emotions.

69. According to the passage, apart from personality characteristics, the Sun sign at the time of one's birth can even influence his

A. dietary habits. B. closest friends. C. personal fame. D. physical features. 70. Cancerians, but not Leos, are typically known for their

A. keen insights into others' behavior. B. range of emotions and moods. C. sensitivity to others. D. deceptive laziness.

71. According to paragraph 2, a conscious and acute desire for attention is characteristic of

A. the funny Cancer personality. B. both the Leo and the Cancerian.

C. neither the Leo nor the Cancer. D. the bold and dramatic Leo personality. 72. The word \

A. a vulgar belief in actively pursuing fame. B. an attitude that tends to offend others.

C. a sense of self that easily gets hurt. D. a spoiled character that does not respect wisdom. 73. According to the last paragraph, which of the following statements is true?

A. Leos, rather than Cancerians, prefer an active role in managing the affairs of others. B. Leos, rather than Cancerians, prefer to listen and absorb what they hear. C. Leos, rather than Cancerians, have long arms and legs.

D. Leos, rather than Cancerians, express a wide range of moods. 74. This passage best answers which of the following questions?

A. What general behaviors do the two Sun signs of the lion and the crab indicate? B. Why is the Cancer personality more appealing than the Leo personality? C. Is it true that seeking attention is a negative personality trait?

D. Can we really describe a person's characteristics according to a Sun sign? (5)

Wholly aside from artistic and moral considerations, fashion is an economic absurdity, and there is little to be said in its favor. Nevertheless, we can appreciate the wisdom in Gina Lombroso's belief that the enormous stress which women lay on everything related to clothes and the art of personal adornment is connected with the tendency to crystallize sentiment into an object. A woman symbolizes every important event in her life by a special dress; and a jewel or a beautiful gown means what an official decoration means to a man.

independent of lies and slander, to triumph and come to the fore outside of man's world and competition. They allow a

woman to satisfy her desire to be the first in the most varied fields by giving her the illusion that she is the first, and at the same time enabling her rival to have the same illusion. Clothes absorb some of woman's activity which might otherwise be diverted to more or less worthwhile ends; they give a woman real satisfaction, a satisfaction complete in itself, and independent of others, and they constitute a safety valve which saves society from much greater and more dangerous evils than those which they cause.\

The aptness of these observations lies in the emphasis on clothes which are really beautiful and distinctive. But fashion is not primarily concerned with beauty; and fashion connotes conformity, not the individuality so cherished by our society and so artfully suggested by the copywriters. Many people who rigorously follow fashions believe they are following their own inclinations; they are unaware of the primitive, tribal compulsion; and this is true of fashions in manners, morals and literature, as well as in clothes. 75. The author thinks that fashion

A. is nothing more than an art. B. is basically a waste of money. C. has nothing to do with morality. D. has something he is in favor of. 76. Gina Lombroso believes that clothes and the art of personal make-up

A. reflect women's different lifestyles. B. show women's individuality.

C. are women's official decoration. D. cost the family and society too much time and money. 77. A woman's clothes make it possible for her to

A. create an image of success outside of man's fields. B. bring the best quality out of her. C. compete on a equal basis with man rivals. D. deceive men and women alike. 78. Controversial as Gina's ideas in Paragraph 2 may seem to us, she thinks that A. clothes are the most worthwhile activity for women to participate in. B. fashionable women are usually more likely to win over their rivals. C. independent women generally get real satisfaction from clothes. D. clothes help protect society against greater evils they bring about. 79. In the author's opinion, women who follow fashions eagerly are actually A. obeying a primitive impulse. B. highly individualistic.

C. women with good taste. D. following their own instincts. 80. Implied but not stated:

A. Following fashion is cutting out one's own characteristics. B. Fashion also includes clothes that are not distinctive.

C. Following fashion generally promotes individuality in most societies.

D. Fashion in manners is not influenced by one's primitive inclinations. PAPER TWO PART V TRANSLATION (40 minutes, 20 points) Section A (20 minutes, l0points)

Directions: Put the following passage into Chinese. Write your Chinese version in the proper space on Answer Sheet II. Along with the recent startling advancement in medical technology have come a number of complex moral

questions which beg to be answered. We now have the ability to prolong the life of the human body for a long time. But do patients have rights to reduce cruel and unusual medical treatment that stretches life beyond its normal limits? Is the extension of life an unquestionable goal in itself, regardless of the quality of that life? This dilemma has caused a chain reaction in society. Today medical schools routinely offer classes on medical ethics (moral principles)-an infrequently taught subject only a few years ago. Doctors and scholars alike are realizing that medical personnel alone cannot be expected to determine the exact limitation of life. Section B (20 minutes, l0 points)

Directions: Put the following paragraph into English. Write your English version in the proper space on Answer Sheet II. 当今的竞争使我们大部分知识变得陈旧而需更新。对个人来说，从事几种职业将司空见惯，而继续教育和再培训则将无法回避。这些发生在日本以及几个东亚“新日本”的情况令老牌工业国触目惊心。 PART VI WRITING (30 minutes, 10 points)

Directions: In this part of the test you are expected to write a short essay in at least 120 words to answer the following questions which are based on the passage you read in the CLOZE section. Please note that COPYING ANY SENTENCES from the original will be PENALIZED (punished) by taking off points from your score. ONE SENTENCE, ONE POINT OFF. So use your own words and DO NOT COPY. 1. What is the passage about?

2. What can we learn from Linda's case?

3. What is your general view on the theme of the passage?

Key For Your Reference

PartⅠ Listening Comprehension

1. A 2. B 3. C 4. A 5. D 6. A 7. D 8. A 9. C 10. B 11.B 12. C 13. C 14. B 15. D PartⅡ Vocabulary

16. D 17. B 18. B 19. C 20. C 21. D 22. B 23. A 24. C 25. D 26. B 27. A 28. C 29. C 30. A 31. C 32. D 33. B 34. A 35. B Part Ⅲ Cloze Test

36. A 37. C 38. D 39. D 40. B 41. A 42. D 43. D 44. A 45. D 46. C 47. A 48. C 49. B 50. D

Part Ⅳ Reading Comprehension

51. D 52. C 53. C 54. C 55. D 56. B 57. C 58. B 59. C 60. C 61. B 62. D 63. A 64. B 65. A 66. C 67. D 68. B 69. D 70. B 71. D 72. C 73. A 74. A 75. B 76. C 77. A 78. D 79. A 80. A Part V Translation

Section A. English to Chinese

医学技术最近取得了许多惊人的成就，与此同时也带来了大量迫切需要解决的复杂的道德问题。现在，我们已经能大大延长人的生命。但是，对那些把生命延长到超过正常限度的医治，病人有没有权力要求减少一些痛苦而又非同一般的医疗?且不说生命的质量如何，延长生命本身是否是一个无可非议的目标呢?这个进退维谷的难题在社会上已引起连锁反应。现在许多医学院按常规开设医学伦理课——而在几年前，这只是一门很少讲授的课程。医生和学者都同样认识到，人们决不能期望医务工作者来决定病人生命的期限。 Section B. Chinese to English

To narrow the economic gap between eastern and western regions, it is vital to introduce market mechanisms into the raw material industry which includes mining, logging and cash crop farming. Since the country started its reforming drive, eastern areas have been favored. It is true that western areas have many rare and precious natural resources. But if this advantage fails to materialize into real economic benefits, the great campaign to develop western regions will be reduced into empty talk only.

December, 1999

PAPER ONE

PART I LISTENING COMPREHENSION (15 minutes, 15 points) Section A ( I point each)

Directions: In this section, you will hear nine short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The questions and the conversations will be spoken only once. Choose the best answer from the four choices given by marking the corresponding letter A, B, C, or D on your Answer Sheet. 1. A. The article was actually longer. B. His publishing career has just begun. C. The newspaper printed his other article. D. The article deal with tires. 2. A. Special medicine. B Operation. C. New treatment. D. Rest.

3. A. The man found the exam easy. B. The exam consisted of only one page C. The exam was not easy for the man. D. The man completed the exam in I hour. 4. A. To invite the man to join them B. To ask him to help cook.

C. To suggest politely that he leave. D. To encourage him to have another drink 5. A. She has totaled up the figures correctly already.

B. She hopes the man will do the calculations as soon as possible. C. Tomorrow will be too late to submit the figures. D. They should finish the calculations tomorrow.

6. A. 65 pounds. B. 95 pounds. C. 125 pounds. D. 155 pounds.

7. A. Satisfied with their price. B. Doubtful about their quality.

C. Proud of the modern production techniques. D. Dissatisfied with their technological complexity. 8. A. Typist and client. B. Manager and clerk.

C. Director and secretary. D. Professor and student.

9. A. To have a cup of coffee. B. To make a hotel reservation by phone. C. To call a friend in the hotel. D. To go to the Northern Airlines counter. Section B (1 point each)

Directions: In this section, you will hear two short passages. At the end of each passage, there will be some questions. Both the passages and the questions will be read to you only once. After each question, there will be a pause. During the pause, you must choose the best answer from the four choices given by marking the corresponding letter A, B, C or D on your Answer Sheet.

Passage I Questions I0 through 12 are based on the following passage.

10. A. To recommend some health food. B. To report the latest advances in brain research. C. To relate the importance of exercise. D. To advice on ways of dealing with sleep difficulties. 11. A. Your heart rate is lowered. B. It becomes harder to relax. C. You become too tired to sleep. D. You begin to feel hungry.

12. A. Failure to rest during the day. B. Listening to radio broadcast in bed. C. Vigorous exercise in the evening. D. Drinking milk before going to bed. Passage 2 Questions 13 through 15 are based on the following passage.

13. A. Charcoal. B. Firewood C. Coal. D. Petroleum. 14. A. Plant more trees. B. Create village tree programs.

C. Make cooking stoves more effective. D. Make laws to ban the use of firewood. 15. A. 1/2. B. 1/3. C. 1/4. D. 1/5. PART II VOCABULARY ( 10 minutes, 10 points) Section A ( O.5 point each)

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