人教版小学六年级英语各时态结构总结及练习题(cy)

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一、一般过去时的结构

1一般过去时的基本用法

一般过去时表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态，也可表示过去经常或反复发的动作。常和表示过去的时间状语连用，如

yesterday, last week, last night, in 2003, two days ago等。【举例】

I got up at 6:30 yesterday. 我昨天6:30起床。

My father was very busy last week. 我父亲上周很忙。

2．一般过去时的基本结构

⑴肯定句“主语＋动词过去式＋其他”或者“主语＋was／were＋其他”。【举例】

I played tennis last weekend. 我上周末打网球了。 My school trip was great. 我的学校郊游棒极了。

⑵否定句“主语＋didnt＋动词原形＋其他”或“主语＋wasn’t／weren’t＋其他”。【举例】

The girl didn’t play computer games yesterday afternoon. 这个女孩昨天下午没玩电子游戏。 Old Henry wasn’t happy last Friday. 上星期五老亨利不高兴。 ⑶一般疑问句“Did＋主语＋动词原形＋其他？”肯定回答为“Yes，主语＋did”，否定回答为“No，主语＋didn’t”或者“Was／Were＋主语＋其他？”肯定回答为“Yes，主语＋was／were”，否定回答为“No，主语＋wasn’t／weren’t”。【举例】

— Did you go to the beach? 你们去海滩了吗？

—Yes, we did.／No, we didn’t.

是的，我们去了。／不，我们没有。 —Was your weekend OK? 你的周末过得还行吧？

— Yes, it was.／No, it wasn’t. 是的，还行。／不，不行。

⑷特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词＋一般疑问句（顺序）？【举例】

—What did Li Lei do last weekend? 李雷上周末干什么了？

—He visited his grandparents. 他去看了他的祖父母。

—Where were you yesterday? 你昨天在哪儿？

—I was at home. 我在家里。

为了便于记忆行为动词（实义动词）的一般过去时用法及结构，我们可用以下歌诀来帮助

记忆：动词一般过去时，表示过去发生事。谓语动词过去式，过去时间作标志。否定形式很简单，主语之后didn’t添。

谓语动词要还原。疑问构成有规则，主语前面加did。

过去式的构成

be动词和实义动词过去式的构成： ⑴ 系动词be 的过去式有两种形式：

was 和were。其中was 是am和is的过去式，were 是are的过去式。 ⑵规则动词过去式的构成： ①一般在动词末尾加—ed。【举例】 walk→walked play→played

②以不发音e结尾的动词末尾只加—d 。【举例】 love→loved

decide→decided

③结尾是“辅音字母＋y ”的动词。先将y 变为i，再加—ed 。【举例】

study→studied carry→carried

④末尾只有一个辅音字母的重读闭音节，先双写该辅音字母，再加—ed 。【举例】

stop→stopped plan→planned

2 规则动词的过去式构成方法可用以下口诀来记忆：过去式构成有规律，一般词尾加—ed 如果词尾有个e（不发音的），只需直接加上—d 。 “辅音字母＋y ”在词尾，变y为i加—ed 。 “一辅重闭”作尾巴，双写之后加—ed 。

一般过去时的随堂练习题：

一．写出下列动词的过去式。

1.am／is ________ 2.do _______ 3.go ________ 4.have _______ 5.isn’t _________ 6. aren’t ________ 7.spend________

8.cook_______9.read ________ 10.clean _______ 11.live _______ 12.study_________

二．用适当的词完成下列对话。 1.— How was your weekend? — It ______ great.

— What _______ you ______ last weekend ? — I _______ some homework.

2.— What ______ she ______ last weekend? — She _______ to the beach.

3.— What _______ they do last weekend? —They ________ to the movies.

三．用括号内所给词的适当形式填空。

1. We _________ (enjoy) ourselves at the party last night. 2.Jack ____________ (study) for the English test last Sunday. 3._______ you ______ (go) to the Great Wall last year? 4. What day _______ (be) it yesterday?

5.The old man _______(be)ill and went to see a doctor. 6.We ________ (have) a party last night.

7.We __________ (visit) the museum and went home. 8.— How _______ (be) the students? —They were very friendly.

9.He often _______ (have) supper at home. Today he ______ (have) supper at school. 10.We had great fun _______ (play) in the water. 11.That made me ______ (feel) very happy. 12.— ______ he _______ (have) lunch at nine? —No, he didn’t.

13.They _________(buy) a guitar yesterday. 四．句型转换。

1. He came here last month. (改为否定句) He _______ _______ here last month.

2.They played football this morning. (改为一般疑问句并作简略回答) —______ they _______ football this morning? —Yes, they _______.／No, they _________ .

3.They went to Beijing last year. (就划线部分提问) _________ _________ they ________ last year. 4.Tom watched TV last night. (改为一般疑问句) _______ Tom _______ TV last night?

5.Mary does homework every day. (用last night 改写句子) Mary ________ ____________ _________ ________

二、一般现在时的结构

一、定义与讲解

一般现在时：表示经常性的事情，经常性的动作或一般性事实。

时间状语：often 经常，usually通常，always 总是，every每个，sometimes 有时，at ?在几点钟

只有在第三人称单数用动词的“三单变化”，其他用动词的原形。

三单变化：1.多数在动词后＋s play — plays like — likes （1）直接在动词词尾加-s.

ask---asks work---works get---gets stay---stays

（2）以字母s, x, ch, sh或o结尾的动词，在词尾直接加-es. watch---watches wish---wishes fix---fixes do---does go---goes pass---passes

（3）以“辅音字母加 - y”结尾的动词，要先变y为i再加-es. try---tries study---studies cry---cries fly---flies 情况

构成方法

读音

例词

；；

一般情况加 -s

清辅音后读/s/ swim-swims浊辅音和元音help-helps后读/z/ like-likes 读/z/

goes,does

以辅音字母+o

加 -es

结尾的词以s,sh,ch,x等结尾的词

加 -es

读/iz/ watches,washes

以辅音字母+y

变y 为i再加es 读/z/

结尾的词

不规则变化变have 为 has变have和be动词 be为am,is,are

study-studies have-has be-am,is,are

2.不规则变化：

be---- is are have----has 二、一般现在时的用法

表示经常性或习惯性的动作或存在的状态；表示客观事实或普遍真理；在时间、条件等状语从句中，用现在时表示将来；在某些以here，there开头的句子中，用一般现在时表示正在发生的动作

当主语是第三人称单数时：

1、动词变相应的第三人称单数形式 2、肯定句主语+动词s+其它

3、否定句主语+doesn't+动词原形+其它 4、一般疑问句Does+主语+动词原形+其它 5、肯定回答 Yes，主语+does 6、否定回答 No，主语+doesn't

7、特殊疑问句特殊疑问词+一般疑问句

当主语不是第三人称单数时：

1、肯定句主语+动词原形+其它

2、否定句主语+don't+动词原形+其它 3、一般疑问句 Do+主语+动词原形+其它 4、要注意，句式结构错则全都错。 5、谓语动词的形式：do/does

三、一般现在时的结构一般现在时的结构肯定式疑问式否定式 I work. Do you work? I don't work. You work. Do you work? You don't work. We work. Do you work? We don't work. They work. Do they work?

They don't work.

He(She,It) Does he(she,it) He(She,It) works. work? doesn't work.

否定疑问式 Don't you work? Don't you work? Don't you work? Don't they work? Doesn't he(she it) work?

现在进行时态练习题

写出下列动词的现在分词形式。

help_______ come_______ swim_______ eat _______

give_______ find _______ sit _______ write_______ tie_______ make _______ play_______ clean _______ catch_______ walk_______ ride _______ run_______ draw_______ listen_______ begin _______ dance_______ watch_______ sleep_______ see_______ have _______ 二．用所给词的适当形式填空。

1.Look ! The boy ______ (read) books.

2.The girls ______ (have) breakfast now. 3. — he ______ (clean) the blackboard? — No, he isn’t.

4.Tom ______ (play) football on the playground at the moment . 5.Listen! They ______ (sing) in the muisc room. 三．汉译英。

1.我们正在看电视。We __________________ TV. 2.Tom 在图书馆看书。

Tom __________________ books in the library. 3.康康在操场上打篮球。

Kangkang is playing basketball __________________ . 4.他此刻正在睡觉。He is sleeping ____________ .

5.玛利亚在做什么？What ______ Maria ____________ now? 6.你在做作业吗？ ______ you ____________ your homework ? 四．句型转换。

1.I am running on the playground .(变否定句)

I ________________________ on the playground .

2.She is dancing in the gym.(变一般疑问句，并做肯定回答)

________________________dancing in the gym ？Yes, ______ . 3.They are sleeping at the moment.(划线部分提问) ____________ they ____________ at the moment ? 五．将下列句子改成现在进行时

1. I watch TV every day. I _________________TV now.

2. She works in a hospital. She _________________ in hospital. 3. Do you read this book? ____ you ________ this book. 4.Tom and Sam have lunch at about twelve.

Kitty and Ben ______________ lunch at about twelve. 5. They clean the room in the evening. They ______________the room now.

六．完成下列现在进行时的句子：

1. The students _____ ______ (listen) to the teacher now. 2. Li Lei______ ________ (watch) TV now.

3. She____ _______ (look) at a nice picture now.

4. Look! The boys______ ________ (play) basketball. 5. Listen! They____ _________ (sing) a song. 6. A cat _____ ________ (run) up the tree now. 7. I ____ ________ (get) up now.

8. Her mother_____ _________ (wash) the dishes now. 9. He ______ _______ (go) to the park now. 10. They _____ ______ (sit) in the park.

11. My mother ________ ______ (clean) the room now. 12. She ______ ______(drink) some milk.

13. A cat_______ _______(sleep) behind the door. 14. Billy and Bob_______ ________(play) football. 15. They_____ _______ (have) fun together. 七、选择填空。

( ) 1.What are you doing? I’m_____ an interesting book. A. looking B. seeing C. reading

( ) 2. What ___ your sister doing? She _____ cleaning the floor. A. are, is B does, is C. is, is ( ) 3. Kate is ___ her green dress now .

A. putting on B puts on C wear ( ) 4. Is she___ her homework? No, she___.

A． do, doesn’t B does, isn’t C doing, is D doing, isn’t ( ) 5. Look! The cousins _____ new sweaters.

A. are wearing B. wearing C. are wear D. is wearing ( ) 6. Don’t talk here. My father and mother _____.

A. is sleeping B. are sleeping C. sleeping D. sleep ( ) 7 Listen! The birds ___ in the tree .

A sing B singing C is singing D are singing ( ) 8. Who _____ over there now?

A. drawing B. is draw C. is drawing D. draw ( ) 9. The students _____ an English class.

A. have B. having C. is having D. are having ( ) 10. Listen! The baby _____ in the room.

A. crying B. cried C. is crying D. cries ( ) 11.I am____ to the radio.

A. am listening B. listening C. am listen ( ) 12.She _____ the piano.

A is playing B are playing C playing ( ) 13..We ____ on the chair.

A. is sitting B. are siting C. are sitting ( )14.Lily _____ on the playground.

A. am running B. running C. is running ( )15. They ____ in the pool.

A. are swimming B. are swiming C. swimming

四、一般将来时的结构

一般将来时表示将来某一时刻的动作或状态，或将来某一段时间内经常的动作或状态。常常和表示将来的时间状语连用。如：tomorrow（明天）， next week（下周）；in the future（将来）等。一般将来时由助动词shall（第一人称），will（第二、三人称）动词原形构成。美国英语则不管什么人称，一律用will。

一般将来时基本句型

肯定句：I/We shall/will go. You/He/She/They Will go. 否定句：I/We shall/will not go. You/He/She/They Will not go.

疑问句：Shall I/we go? Will you/he/she/they go? 简略回答：（肯）Yes,主语 shall/will (否) No,主语 shall/will not

特殊疑问句：一般将来时的特殊疑问句是将疑问词放在句首，后接一般疑问句（就主语提问时，以疑问词who开头的疑问词除外） - ---- why will you be here on sunday?

-----I will have a meeting on sunday（对特殊疑问句要进行具体回答）一、一般将来时结构 1）、常见结构

1、will / shall 动词原形

这种方法一般单纯地表示将来某个时间将要发生的动作或存在的状态。will用于各种人称;shall只用于第一人称。例如 : I will / shall go to visit him next week. 下周我将去拜访他。

What time shall we go there tomorrow? 明天我们几点去那儿?

2、be going to 动词原形 be going to 相当于一个助动词(其中be有人称和数的变化),与它后面的动词原形一起构成谓语。用来表示近期将要发生的动作或存在的状态,以及计划、安排、打算要做的事。例如: There is going to be a football match this afternoon.今天下午将有一场足球赛。 2）、常用结构

1、用于\宾语从句\中。 Don't worry about the exam. I'm sure you'll pass. 不要担心这次考试，我确信你会通过的。 I wonder what will happen.

我不知道将会发生什么事。

I don't think the test will be very difficult. 我想这次测验不会太难。

2、用于\祈使句 and陈术句\中。 Work hard and you will succeed. 如果你努力，就会成功的。

Go at once and you will see her. 马上去，你就会见到她了。

3、与表示时间或条件的状语从句连用。

I'll let you know as soon as he arrives. 他一到我就通知你。

If you ask him, he will help you. 如果你请他，他会帮助你的。三、一般将来时 - 用法

（1）一般将来时表示将要发生的动作或情况。

例如：I will(shall) arrive tomorrow.我明天到。 Will you be free tonight? 你今晚有空吗？

We won’t (shan’t) be busy this evening. 我们今晚不忙。

（2）在一般将来时的句子中，有时有表示将来时间的状语，有时没有时间状语，这时要从意思上判断是否指未来的动作或情况。例如： Will she come? 她（会）来吗？

We’ll only stay for two weeks. 我们只待两星期。 The meeting won’t last long. 会开不了多久。

（3）在以第一人称I或we作主语的问句中，一般使用助动词shall，这时或是征求对方的意见(a)，或是询问一个情况(b)： a. Where shall we meet? 我们在哪儿碰头？

b. Shall we have any classes tomorrow?明天我们有课吗？

在这类问句中，近年来也有不少人用will，特别是在美国。例如： How will I get there? 我怎么去？（4）be going to 动词原形

a.表示打算、准备做的事。例如：

We are going to put up a building here.我们打算在这里盖一座楼。 How are you going to spend your holidays?假期你准备怎样过？

b.表示即将发生或肯定要发生的事。例如：I think it is going to snow. 我看要下雪了。

There’s going to be a lot of trouble about this. 这事肯定会有很多麻烦。

一般将来时练习题

( ) 1. There __________ a meeting tomorrow afternoon.

A. will be going to B. will going to be C. is going to be D. will go to be ( ) 2. Charlie ________ here next month.

A. isn’t working B. doesn’t working C. isn’t going to working D. won’t work

( ) 3. He ________ very busy this week, he ________ free next week. A. will be; is B. is; is

C. will be; will be D. is; will be

( ) 4. There ________ a dolphin show in the zoo tomorrow evening. A. was B. is going to have C. will have D. is going to be ( ) 5. –________ you ________ free tomorrow?

– No. I ________ free the day after tomorrow.

A. Are; going to; will B. Are; going to be; will C. Are; going to; will be D. Are; going to be; will be ( ) 6. Mother ________ me a nice present on my next birthday. A. will gives B. will give C. gives D. give ( ) 7. – Shall I buy a cup of tea for you? –________. （不，不要。）

A. No, you won’t. B. No, you aren’t. C. No, please don’t. D. No, please. ( ) 8. – Where is the morning paper? – I ________ if for you at once.

A. get B. am getting C. to get D. will get ( ) 9. ________ a concert next Saturday?

A. There will be B. Will there be C. There can be D. There are ( ) 10. If they come, we ________ a meeting.

A. have B. will have C. had D. would have

( ) 11. He ________ her a beautiful hat on her next birthday. A. gives B. gave

C. will giving D. is going to giving ( ) 12. He ________ to us as soon as he gets there.

A. writes B. has written C. will write D. wrote ( ) 13. He ________ in three days.

A. coming back B. came back C. will come back D. is going to coming back

( ) 14. If it ________ tomorrow, we’ll go roller-skating. A. isn’t rain B. won’t rain C. doesn’t rain D. doesn’t fine

( ) 15. – Will his parents go to see the Terra Cotta Warriors tomorrow?

– No, ________ （不去）.

A. they willn’t. B. they won’t. C. they aren’t. D. they don’t.

( ) 16. Who ________ we ________ swimming with tomorrow afternoon? A. will; go B. do; go C. will; going D. shall; go ( ) 17. We ________ the work this way next time. A. do B. will do C. going to do D. will doing

( ) 18. Tomorrow he ________ a kite in the open air first, and then ________ boating in the park.

A. will fly; will go B. will fly; goes C. is going to fly; will goes D. flies; will go ( ) 19. The day after tomorrow they ________ a volleyball match. A. will watching B. watches

C. is watching D. is going to watch ( ) 20. There ________ a birthday party this Sunday. A. shall be B. will be

C. shall going to be D. will going to be ( ) 21. They ________ an English evening next Sunday.

A. are having B. are going to have C. will having D. is going to have ( ) 22. ________ you ________ free next Sunday?

A. Will; are B. Will; be C. Do; be D. Are; be ( ) 23. He ________ there at ten tomorrow morning. A. will B. is C. will be D. be

( ) 24. ________ your brother ________ a magazine from the library? A. Are; going to borrow B. Is; going to borrow C. Will; borrows D. Are; going to borrows ( ) 25. – Shall I come again tomorrow afternoon? –________ （好的）.

A. Yes, please B. Yes, you will. C. No, please. D. No, you won’t.