阅读理解-2006年在职攻读硕士学位全国联考英语真题

2006年在职攻读硕士学位全国联考英语试题

Part Ⅲ Reading Comprehension (40 minutes，40 points)

Passage One

Don?t have time to read any more? Now you can get free，quick literature via email．More than 100 000 people open their email each day, to read a chapter of a book，through Chapter—A—Day．an online book club created two years ago．It?s a free email service that provides a short daily reading for busy people，exposing them to literature they may not find on their own, inspiring some to recommit it to the reading habit．About 550 public library systems representing over 3 000 branch libraries already have signed up to offer ChapterADay．Via email，participants get about five minutes? worth of reading every day．After three chapters are∈mailed．the installments stop，and those who want to keep reading can borrow the book at their public library or purchase it online．

Chapter—A—Day has eight free book clubs，and sells thousands of books each month．

Chapter—A-Day started in 1999 when Suzanne Beecher，a lifelong book lover，realized how many of the women who worked part—time for her software development company didn?t have time in their busy lives to read．She decided to type part of a chapter of a book，and send it to her employees through email．The next day she typed a little more，and continued to send literary installments each day．She says she started getting feedback from the staff about how reading made them feel．“They were interested，and realized that．Though they didn?t have time in their busy lives for reading, just reading that little bit each day got them back in the habit.\．she decided to take the idea even further and start an email \day?? book club to help others ease their way back into daily reading.“ Reading makes changes in people?s lives．”Beecher says.

Pat Dempsey．a librarian at a public library in Ohio，has found Chapter—A—Day helps her library clients get back in the habit of reading．\ different way to get people hooked on books,” she says．

31．Chapter-A-Day is intended to help people__． A．get back into the habit of reading B．relieve stress from office work C．find interesting books online D．buy books more conveniently

32．The passage was written in__. A．1999 B．2000 C．2001 D.2002

33．1t can be inferred that through Chapter—A-Day——. A．Public libraries have become crowded with readers B．Ms Beecber made much money for her software company C．People begin to read very slowly and patiently D．People cannot finish reading any book online

34．The word “installment” in the passage probably means“——”- A．a 1ibrary email B．a rare piece of literature C．a free novel D．a part of a book

35．Ms Beecher decided to expand her Chapter—A—Day service because__? A．over 3 000 1ibraries had joined B．many other people could benefit C．eight book clubs supported her D free email service was available

Passage two

Chicago Public Schools are going to great lengths to hire teachers--now the school district recruits teachers from other countries to help solve a shortage of teachers. It all started in 1999，when Rouses Hannon, a math and physics teacher from Palestine(巴勒斯坦)，visited Chicago He read about the teacher shortage at Chicago Public Schools and asked the school board if they ?d hire him. The board was interested and decided to create a special program for foreign—born teachers like Hannon，and he was the first teacher hired． The program is called the Global Educator Outreach or GEO，and it?s a partnership between

Chicago Public Schools and the U.S. government． Because the teacher shortage in Chicago is so extreme，the Government allows the school district to temporarily hire foreign teaching candidates using H1-B visas. The Government grants these visas only to skilled foreign-born citizens so they can work in highly specialized jobs that can?t be filled with available U．S. workforce．

Through the GEO，the school district has hired dozens of teachers from 22 different countries．Applicants must pass an English language test and specialize in math，science, world language or bilingual(双语

的)education．Hannon and the first GEO teachers started in the classroom at the beginning of the 2000~2001 school year，

What do the GEO teachers think of the American classroom? Hannon， who was hired to teach math at Gage Park High School，says classrooms in Chicago are very different from those in Palestine. For one thing，he says，the fixed schedule that forces students to attend the same classes at the same time each day becomes too dull. In Palestine，the class schedule changes each week. He says in Palestine，the culture forces students to work hard because if they don't they'll be kicked out and put in vocational schools，which limits their career options．There is not nearly as much pressure for American students to do well。He says he has to double the amounts of work just to get his students interested，

36.Chicago Public Schools began to employ foreign teachers because A．there were not enough American teachers B. a program for foreign teachers was started C. the school board was interested in foreign teachers D. foreign teachers taught better than American teachers

37.The American Government is involved in the program because ． A. the schools are public schools

B. the Government is to finance the program

C．the Government grants visas to the foreign teachers D. the program involves bilingual education

38.It seems that the Global Educator Outreach will______ ． A．be difficult to continue B. last a limited period of time

C. pose a threat to U．S. workforce D. be extended to other cities 39．Chicago Public Schools do not seem to lack teachers of_____. A．English B．math

C. science D. world language

40.Hannon，as a GEO teacher，has found that____.

A. class schedules in America and Palestine are very much the same B. fixed class schedules make it easy for teachers to prepare lessons C．vocational schools offer a good career option for American students D. American students do not work as hard as Palestinian students

Passage Three

Workforce is defined as the total number of people who are available to work and earn incomes．The

definition includes everyone who is employed or seeking paid employment，SO it includes employees and the self-employed．

Although the size of the workforce depends a great deal on the size of the total population, there are several other influences which also affect it．The age distribution of the total population has a very marked effect on the available workforce．If the population has a high proportion of very young people or of those too old to work，then the available workforce would be lower than if there were an evenly spread age distribution．If the population grows rapidly from natural in—crease，i．e．the number of births greatly exceeds the number of deaths，then as the total population increases，the proportion in the workforce declines．

Sometimes a population is described as aging，which means that the birth rate is either failing or growing very slowly，and as people retire from the workforce，there are not enough young people entering it to replace those who are leaving it．The population is top—heavy with older people．So the percentage of the population in the workforce declines when there is either a rapid increase in births or a failing birth rate．

The age distribution of the population has several important effects on the economy. If the population is aging and there is an increase in the number of people retiring without a corresponding increase in the number entering the workforce，this raises the problem of the ability of the economy to provide a reasonable level of social services to the retired group． If the aged are to be cared for in special homes or hotels，finances must be available for that purpose．If the size of the workforce is small relative to the total population，then the government tax receipts are relatively low and either the government has less money available to it or the workforce members have to be taxed more heavily．

41.Workforce is composed of________． A．both the employed and the self-employed B．people employed to work for others C．both employers and employees

D．people available to work and earn incomes

42．The factor that does not influence the size of the workforce is___ A．the size of the total population B．the age distribution of a population C．the national economy D．the natural population growth

43．It can be concluded from Paragraph 2 that_____．

A．a population growth leads to a greater proportion of workforce

B．a 1arge population does not necessarily mean a high proportion of workforce C. the size of the aged determines the proportion of workforce D．the Proportion of the very young determines the size of workforce 44．The size of the workforce declines when__． A．many people reach the retiring age B．the birth rate falls rapidly

C．the number of retirees exceeds that of new workers D．the death rate increases

45．The last paragraph focuses on_______． A．the factors that influence the workforce structure B．the importance of workforce distribution to the economy C．the relationship between the age distribution and the economy D．the influence of population growth on the national economy

Passage Four

Honesty is the best policy，as the English saying goes．Unfortunately，honesty often deserts us when no one is watching．British psychologists reported last week．

Researchers at UK?s Newcastle University set up an experiment in their psychology department?s coffee room．They set a kettle with tea，coffee and milk on the counter and hung up

a sign listing the prices for drinks．People helping themselves to a cup of drink were supposed to

put a few cents in the box nearby．The scientists hung a poster above the money box，and it changed each week between images of gazing eyes and pictures of flowers．The researchers found that staff paid 2．76 times more for their drinks when the image of the eyes was hung．“Frankly we were shocked by the size of the effect，”said Gilbert Roberts。one of the researchers．

Eyes are known to be a powerful perceptual(感官的)signal for humans．“Even though the

eyes were not real，they still seemed to make people behave more honestly．”said Melissa Bateson．a behavioral biologist and leader of the study．

Researchers believe the effect sheds light on our evolutionary past. It may arise from behavioral features that developed when early humans formed social groups to strengthen their chances of survival．For social groups to work，individuals had to co-operate。rather than act selfishly．“There?s an argument that if nobody is watching us，it is in our interests to behave selfishly．But when were being watched we should behave

better．So people see us as cooperative and behave the same way towards us，”Bateson said．

The new finding indicates that people have a striking response to eyes．That might be because eyes and faces send a strong biological signal we have evolved to respond to．The finding

could be put to practical use, too．For example，images of eyes could increase ticket sales on public transport and improve supervision systems to prevent antisocial behavior．

46．The experiment conducted in Newcastle University shows that____． A．people enjoy free drinks more than paid ones B．most people are dishonest if nobody is watching C．people like pictures of flowers more than pictures of eyes D．people are more honest when watched by pictures of eyes 47．Gilbert Roberts was shocked because ． A. so many people had participated in the experiment B．so many of the participants were dishonest

C．the effects of the pictures of flowers and gazing eyes were so different D．the effects of eyes and other perceptual signals were so powerful 48．The phrase “sheds light on” in Paragraph 4 probably means“——”． A．hints at B．makes clearer C．points to D．further proves 49．According to the passage，early humans——． A．were less selfish than the present—day people B．were more co—operative in nature C．had to be co—operative to survive

D．had to behave better than the present—day people

50.Images of eyes could be put up in the following places EXCEPT__． A．subway entrances B．supermarkets C．back streets D．hotels

第三部分阅读理解

31----35、ACCDB 36-----40、AC(B/D)AD 41----45、DCBCC 46----50、(B/D)CBCD

better．So people see us as cooperative and behave the same way towards us，”Bateson said．

The new finding indicates that people have a striking response to eyes．That might be because eyes and faces send a strong biological signal we have evolved to respond to．The finding

could be put to practical use, too．For example，images of eyes could increase ticket sales on public transport and improve supervision systems to prevent antisocial behavior．

46．The experiment conducted in Newcastle University shows that____． A．people enjoy free drinks more than paid ones B．most people are dishonest if nobody is watching C．people like pictures of flowers more than pictures of eyes D．people are more honest when watched by pictures of eyes 47．Gilbert Roberts was shocked because ． A. so many people had participated in the experiment B．so many of the participants were dishonest

C．the effects of the pictures of flowers and gazing eyes were so different D．the effects of eyes and other perceptual signals were so powerful 48．The phrase “sheds light on” in Paragraph 4 probably means“——”． A．hints at B．makes clearer C．points to D．further proves 49．According to the passage，early humans——． A．were less selfish than the present—day people B．were more co—operative in nature C．had to be co—operative to survive

D．had to behave better than the present—day people

50.Images of eyes could be put up in the following places EXCEPT__． A．subway entrances B．supermarkets C．back streets D．hotels

第三部分阅读理解

31----35、ACCDB 36-----40、AC(B/D)AD 41----45、DCBCC 46----50、(B/D)CBCD

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