英美概况复习资料

教师招聘考试英美概况复习资料 美国 1. The Legend of Sleeping Hallow is a short story written by ____. A James Fenimore Cooper B Washington Irving C Edgar Allan Poe D Mark Twain B.《睡谷的传说》（The Legend of Sleeping Hallow）是华盛顿.欧文短篇（Washington Irving）小说集《札记集》（The Sketch Book）中的一篇。 2. Which book is not written by Emerson? A The American Scholar B Self-Reliance C Nature D Civil Disobedience D, 《论市民之不服从》是梭罗的作品。其他全为爱默生的作品。 3. The finest example of Hawthorn’s symbolism is the recreation of Puritan Boston in _____. A The Scarlet Letter B Young Goodman Brown C The Marble Fawn D The Ambitious Guest A, 霍桑作品中的象征主义手法主要体现在他的著作《红字》中。 4. Captain, My Captain is written for _____. A Lincoln B Whitman C Washington D Hemingway A, 《阿，船长啊，我的船长！》是惠特曼为纪念林肯总统而作的。 5. In area, the United States is the ____ largest country in the world. A 2nd B 3rd C 4th D 5th C 按领土面积计算：美国是继俄罗斯，加拿大，中国之后的第四名。 6. Mauna Loa, the world’s largest active volcano, is located in ____ A Hawaii B Alaska C Texas D Perth A,Mauna Loa（摩纳罗亚山）是世界上最大的活火山。位于美国Hawaii（夏威夷）。 7.All the following universities are located in New England EXCEPT____ A Yale B Harvard C MIT D Berkeley D Berkeley（伯克利），是加利福尼亚大学分院，位于美国加利福尼亚西部。而新英格兰地区包括美国的六个州，由北至南分别为：缅因州、新罕布夏州、佛蒙特州、麻萨诸塞州、罗德岛、康乃狄克州。 8.The United States has less than 6% of the world’s population; yet it produces about ____ of the total world output. A 20% B 25% C 30% D 35% B 美国人口低于世界人口总值的6%，但是美国经济生产总值占世界25%，是高度工业化国家。 9.What forms a natural boundary between Mexico and the United States? A The Rio Grande River B The southern Rocky Mountains C The Colorado River D The Gulf of California A The Rio Grand River（格兰德河）形成了美国与墨西哥的自然分界线。

10. The emblem of the Democratic Party is ____. A elephant B donkey C bear D bull B 19世纪70年代，在美国的《哈泼斯周刊》上，曾先后出现了政治漫画家托马斯·纳斯特的两幅画，分别以长耳朵的驴和长鼻子的象比拟美国民主党Democratic Party和共和党。后来，纳斯特又在一幅画中同时画进了象和驴，比喻当时的两党竞选。自那以后，驴和象就逐渐成为美国两大党的象征，两党也分别以驴、象作为党徽的标记。 11.In 1620, 201 Pilgrims, to escape religious presecution, sailed to the New World in a ship called Mayflower. They arrived at ____. A New York B Georgia C Virginia D Plymouth D 1620年，朝拜者为了逃离宗教迫害，乘坐五月花号，在新英格兰的普来冒斯落脚。 12.The Grand Canyon in south-western ____ is one of nature’s most impressive sights. A Utah B Arizona C Nevada D Idaho B 大峡谷位于美国西南部的亚利桑那州。 13.American presidents are elected ____. A every two years B every four years C every five years D every six years B 美国总统任期四年，必须是35岁以上的出生于美国的本国公民。 14.In the United States, the first larges immigration movement took plane ____ A right after the War of Independence B in the mid-1800 C at the turn of the 20th century D right after the Civil War C 1815年至1917年间发生了美国历史上的三大移民。第一次是1800年中开始，第二次是1860到1890年，第三次，也是移民人数最多的一次，是1890年到1914年。 15.The theme of Thanksgiving has always been ____ A friendship and happiness B Peace and plenty, health and happiness C cooperation and rich reward D love and happiness B 感恩节的主题是：和平，富足，健康和幸福。 16.In America, the three newspaper are of the following EXCEPT ____. A New York Times B Reader’s Digest C Washington Post D Los Angels Times B Reader's Digest（读者摘要）是杂志，而不是报纸。 17. The world-famous Harvard University is in _____. A Massachusetts B New York C Washington D.C. D Maine A, 哈佛大学位于马萨诸塞州的剑桥(Cambridge)镇。 18. Which of the following statements about American education is wrong? A Elementary and secondary education in America is free and compulsory B Private schools are financially supported by religious or nonreligious private organizations or individuals. C There are more public colleges and universities than the private ones

D Credits taken at community colleges are normally applicable to requirement for a four-year bachelor’s degree. C, 在美国， 私立高等教育机构要多于公立的。象麻省理工， 耶鲁大学， 哈佛大学都是私立的。 19 _____ is a symbol of American theatre and world-class entertainment. A Broadway B Wall Street C The Fifth Avenue D Times Square A, 百老汇是一条由南向北贯穿曼哈顿全岛的大道， 其中心地带是在第42借“时代广场”附近， 周围云集了几十家剧院， 上演被称为现代歌舞剧的剧目。 20 ____ is not a tourist attraction in the United States. A Yellowstone National Park B Grand Canyon C St. Patrick’s Cathedral D Stonehenge D, Stonehenge 在英国UK， 是古代城池的遗迹。 21 ____ was an actor before he became the President. A Ronald Reagan B Abraham Lincoln C Herbert Hoover D Jimmy Carter A, 里根从政前曾经在好莱坞闯荡20多年，参与演出了50多部电影。 22.New Englanders were originally known as _____, which come to stand for all Americans. A Hippies B Yankees C Uncle Sam D Brother Jonathan B, Yankees 一词具有丰富的含义。 现在用于代表美国人，俗称美国佬。 在美国南部，Yankee是指美国北部各州的居民， 即北方佬；而对多数美国人来说，Yankee 意味着新英格兰人。 23. On the 30th of April 1789, George Washington took the oath of office in _____, which housed the government then. A New York B Washington D.C. C Philadelphia D Boston A, 1789年George Washington 在纽约宣誓就职， 1790年首都迁往费城。 1800年以后定都华盛顿。 24. Henry Fond was the first man to _____. A design a plane B fly an aero plane C mass-produciton D design and make a car C, Henry Ford 早期是一名技师， 虽然没有发明汽车， 但他是第一位批量生产汽车的人。 25. “That government of the people, by the people, for the people, … ”were the words by _____. A Thomas Jefferson B Abraham Lincoln C Andrew Johnson D Theodore Roosevelt B, 这是Abraham Lincoln 于1863年11月19日在葛底斯堡阵亡将士墓举行落成仪式上发表的著名的《葛底斯堡演说》的片语。 26. Hollywood, the centre of American movie industry, is closest to which city? A Los Angles B Chicago C New York D Washington A, 好莱坞和迪士尼均位于洛杉矶。 27. Which of the following is an American newspaper? A The Guardian B Newsweek C The International Herald Tribune D The Daily Telegraph

B, 《新闻周刊》是美国的报纸， 而《国际先驱论坛》是法国的， 《卫报》和《每日电讯》为英国的。 28. The first Puritans came to America on the ship _____. A Codpeed B Susan Constant C May Flower D Discovery C, 首批清教徒到美国时乘坐的船是“五月花号”。 29. Americans celebrate Memorial Day on the last Monday in May to honor those who have _____. A given their lives for their country B made great scientific discoveries C won American great reputation in sports D donated large amounts of money to the country A, Memorial Day 是美国的阵亡将士纪念日。 30. “Trick or Treat” is a phrase that children often use when they celebrated _____. A New Year’s Day B Veteran’s Day C Halloween D Christmas C, 万圣节是美国的传统节日。万圣节前夜， 孩子们带着各种面具， 穿着奇异的衣服，跑到邻居家门前，高声喊着：“Trick or Treat”，向大人们讨要糖果。不给的邻居就会遭到小孩的恶作剧。 31. The Easter egg and the hare, two of the symbols most frequently associated with Easter, are considered to present _____. A vigor and bravery B fertility and new life C originality and speed D happiness and fun B, 复活节彩蛋和兔子是“多产和新生”的象征。 32. Which of the following books is not written by Mark Twain, whose real name is Samuel Langhorne Clemens? A The Adventures of Tom Sawyer B The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn C Life on the Mississippi D Leaves of grass D, Leaves if grass 是 Walt Whitman 的作品。 33. Which of the following books is written by Washington Irving? A Nature B The Scarlet Letter C The Sketch Book D Farewell to Arms C, Washington Irving 被称作是美国文学之父， 这是他最有名的作品。A 是 Ralph W. Emerson 的作品, B 是 Nathaniel Hawthorne 的作品, D 是 Earnest Hemingway 的作品。 34. The New Deal was started by _____. A Franklin Roosevelt B J.K. Kennedy C George Washington D Thomas Jefferson A, 新政是罗斯福为了应对美国经济大萧条而提出的。 35. The expenditure in American public schools is guided or decided by _____. A Teachers B students C headmaster D boards of education D, 对此有决定权的是教育委员会。

36. The Bill of Rights consists of _____. A 10 very short paragraphs in an amendment B 10 amendments adopted in 1787 C 10 amendments added to the Constitution in 1791 D the amendments concerning the freedom of speech, the freedom of the press and the freedom of religion C, 人权法案是于1791年增补到宪法法案上来的前十条修正案。 37. The United States produces as much as much as half of the world’s _____. A wheat and rice B cotton C tobacco D soybeans and corn D, 美国出产占世界一半的是大豆和玉米。 38. The District of Manhattan is in the city if _____. A Washington D.C. B San Francisco C New York D Chicago C, 曼哈顿是纽约市的著名经济和商业区， 也是纽约的中心地带。 39. The seats in the Senate are allocated to different states_____. A according to their population B according to their size C according to their tax paid to federal government D equally D, 美国每一个州在参议院中均有两位议员作为代表，与各州人口无关和众议院不同）。 40. Harvard University was founded in ___. A 1366 B 1633 C 1636 D 1363 C.Harvard University(哈佛大学)，美国最古老、最负盛名的大学，于1636年建于马萨诸塞州剑桥。以其第一位捐助人约翰。哈佛的姓氏命名。 41. The state to which the Mayflower sailed is ___. A Florida B Maine C Virginia D Massachusetts D.Mayflower “五月花”号是1620年一皮英国移民前来美州时所乘的木帆船。这只船于1620年12月26日到达Massachusetts(马萨诸塞州)的Plymouth “普利茅斯”，他们在那里建立了第一个永久性的新英格兰殖民地。 42. In the Civil War, Lincoln issued the famous ___. A the Bill of Rights B the Emancipation Proclamation C the Federalist Paper D the Declaration of Independence B.the Emancipation Proclamation(《解放黑奴宣言》)，南北战争期间，由亚伯拉罕.林肯总统于1863年1月1日颁布的行政命令，规定自即日起废除南部联邦各州的奴隶制度，宣布所有黑人奴隶获得自由，并被赋予参加联邦军的权利。 43.The period of the “Cold War” began when ___ came forth in March 1947. A NATO B the Eisenhower Doctrine C the Truman Doctrine D Marshall Plan C.The Truman Doctrine(杜鲁门主义)是1947年有杜鲁门总统提出的。其理论概括为“美国的外交政策必须支持那些正在抵抗武装少数派或外来压力的征服企图的自由民族”，意即美国必须遏止所谓的“共产主义扩张”，这是美国政府实行遏止政策的开始，也是美苏两过长期冷战的开始。杜鲁门（Hurry Truman）美国第33届总统（1945--1953）。其执政期间，在国内政治方面，基本上继续执行罗斯福的 the New Deal（新政），并提出自己的 the Fair Deal(公平施政)纲领。在国际方面，与苏联的紧张关系加剧导致冷战的开始。他认为“共产主义扩张”是对世界最大的威胁，因此提出了The Truman

Doctrine(杜鲁门主义，1947)和Marshall Plan(马歇尔计划，1947)，并建立NATO(The North Atlantic Treaty Organization) 44. Who was considered as father of modern astronomy and forward his theory that the sun, not the earth, is the centre of the universe? A Copernicus B Kepler C Galileo D Newton A.Copernicus(哥白尼，1473--1543)，波兰天文学家，创立太阳是宇宙的中心的“日心说”，推翻了托勒密的“地心说”，使自然科学开始从神学中解放出来，著有 The revolution of Heavenly Orbs(《天体运动论》)。哥白尼被认为是“现代天文学之父”。 45. The 1920s in the United States has been described as a period of ___. A cultural revival B loss of purpose C development in science and technology D material success and spiritual frustration D.许多历史学家都把美国的20世纪20年代描述为物质上成功，精神上颓废且迷惘的时期。 46. “Marshall Plan” aimed at the following except ___. A restoring the economy B avoiding revolution C providing funds for all the countries involved in the war D finding markets for US’ extra goods B.“Marshall Plan”(马歇尔计划)，即 The European Recovery Program (欧洲复兴计划)1917年由过国务卿 George C. Marshall(乔治.C.马歇尔)将军提出的，旨在帮助西欧国家复兴在第二次世界大战中遭到破坏的经济，并抵制苏联、东欧共产党国家的影响。自1948—1951年，美国向欧洲经济合作组织的17个西欧国家共提供了125亿美圆的援款和物资。该计划既有利于西欧国家经济的恢复，又符合美国自身的经济利益。该计划远定5年，结果提前一年完成。马歇尔也由于该计划获得1953年诺贝尔和平奖。 47. ___ is considered America’s unique contribution to music. A Jazz B Rock and Roll C Country Music D Western Music A. Jazz(爵士乐)，由美国南方黑人文化发展而来、惟一对西方国家音乐产生重大影响的美国本土音乐。最初出现于19世纪末，当时路易斯安那新奥尔良（New Orleans）——一些街头乐队所演奏的音乐是最早的爵士乐，该市New Orleans被称为爵士乐的诞生地 48. “God help those who help themselves” is a citation from the work of _____. A Paine B Franklin C Freneau D Jefferson B, 该句是富兰克林的名句。 英国 1. When did the Renaissance reach its height with its centre moving to Milan, then to Rome and created High Renaissance? A in the 16th century B in the 15th century C in the 11th century D in the 17th century A.欧洲的文艺复兴开始于意大利的佛罗伦萨和威尼斯，随后随着其中心移到米兰，再到罗马，文艺复兴在16世纪达到了High Renaissance(鼎盛时期)（1493--1530）。

2. Who was the first woman Prime Minister in British history? A Elizabeth I B Elizabeth II C Margaret Thatcher D Diana Princess of Wales C.Margaret Thatcher (玛格丽特.撒切儿)，英国首相（1979——1990），是英国历史上第一位女首相，保守党人，在1979年的大选中击败工党，上台执政，推行“私有化”及“自由经济”政策，在1983和1987年两次大选中获胜，蝉联首相，是站后英国首相任职时间最长的一位，曾四度访问中国。 3. How many members are there in the House of Commons? A 650 B 524 C 72 D 651 D, 下议院共有651名议员。 4. Which of the following people didn’t use to be the British Prime Minister? A Margaret Thatcher B Winston Churchill C Horatio Nelson D John Major C, 撒切尔夫人，丘吉尔和梅杰都曾经做过英国首相；而纳尔逊（1758-1805），英国海军统帅，因作战负伤，右眼失明，失去右臂。后任地中海舰队司令，在特法尔加角海战中大败西班牙联合舰队，本人受重伤阵亡，号称 Viscount Nelson。 5. The Tories were the forerunners of _____, which still bears this nickname today. A the Labour Party B the Conservative Party C the Liberal Party D the Social Democratic Party B, 托利党是英国保守党的前身。 6. The term “British disease” is now often used to characterize Britain’s _____ decline. A political B educational C military D economic D, 现在“英国病”这一术语经常用来指英国经济上的衰退。 7. The 1980s was remembered as the decade of _____. A globalization B nationalization C privatization D competition C, 正如20世纪40年代被看作是国有化的时代一样，20世纪80年代被看作是私有化的时代。包括英国石油、航空、钢铁、电讯在内的几乎40% 的国有公司实现了私有化。 8. Today, in Britain, ______ is called a “sick” industry. A coal mining B iron and steel C textiles D shipbuilding A, 英国煤矿业被称为生病工业。英国的煤产量在一战前达到顶点，如今的英国的煤矿业衰退，从而导致矿工的数量、煤矿的总产量大大下降。 9. The first steam engine was devised by Thomas Newcomer at the end of the 17th century, and the Scottish inventor ____ modified and improved the design in 1765. A Abraham Darby B James Watt C John Kay D Richard Arkwrightthe B, 第一台蒸汽机是 Thomas Newcomer 在17世纪末设计的，后来苏格兰发明家瓦特在1765年对原有的设计进行了改进提高，生产出了第一台高效的蒸汽机并应用到纺织和其他机械业中。 10. _____ created the industrial working class, the proletariat, and it later led to trade unionism. A The Chartist Movement B The Industrial Revolution C The French Revolution D The Glorious Revolution B, 工业革命产生了工人阶级，即无产阶级。后来形成了工会制度。

11.____is the home of golf. A England B Scotland C Wales D Ireland B 高尔夫是一项古老的贵族的运动，源于十五世纪或更早以前的苏格兰，苏格兰地区山多，气候湿润，多雾，非常适合牧草生长，这里的工业文明以前是连绵不断的牧场。相传当时牧羊人放牧闲暇时，用木板玩游戏，将石子击入兔子窝或洞中。久而久之形成了使用不同的球杆并按一定的规则击球。 12.Which of the following languages is NOT spoken in Scotland? A English B Scottish C Gaelic D Denish D Gaelic苏格兰盖尔语是高地苏格兰人的传统语言；更多人使用的语言是英语。一直到15世纪末，盎格鲁人仍然以他们的语言称苏格兰盖尔语为「苏格兰语」（盎格鲁语：Scottish）。 13.The Tower of London, a historical sight, located in the center of London, was built by ____ A King Harold B Robin Hood C Oliver Cromwell D William the Conqueror D 伦敦塔名为“塔”，实际上是公元11世纪处于罗马统治时期的一座城堡式建筑。 14.When Oliver Cromwell died in 1658, and was succeeded by his son____, the regime began immediately to collapse. A Henry B Hamilton C Richard D Charles C Oliver Cromwell的儿子在父亲过世后继承王权，但是不久后掌控的政体瓦解。1660年，议会扶植流浪法国的前国王儿子Charle二世当国王。 15.Reuters was founded in ____ A 1715 B 1751 C 1851 D 1815 C 路透社是世界四大通讯社之一，也是英国创办最早的通讯社。1850年由保罗·朱利叶斯·路透 （paul julius reuter）在德国亚琛创办，1851年迁址到伦敦。创办人路透原为德国人，后加入英国籍。1865年，路透把他的私人通讯社扩展成为一家大公司。 16.The flag of the United Kingdom, known as the Union Jack, is made up of _____ crosses. A one B two C three D four C, 英国国旗为红白蓝三色的米字旗（也叫“Union Jack”），是由三个十字组成。 17. _____ was the home of the Lake Poets William Wordsworth, Samuel Taylor, Coleridge and Robert Southey of 19th century Britain. A Lough Neagh B Windermere C Lake District D Coniston Water C, 位于英格兰西北部和威尔士北部的湖区是英国著名的风景区之一，也是英国十九世纪湖畔诗人聚居的地方。 18. The first known settlers of Britain were the _____. A Iberians B Beaker Folk C Celts D Anglo-Saxons A, 最早来英国定居的是伊比利亚人。大约在公元前3000年左右，也就是新石器时代，他们从伊比利亚半岛（即今天的西班牙）来到英国。 19. Which one is not the reason for the very limited influence of Roman to Britain? A The Romans always treated the Britons as a subject people of slave class. B The Romans and Britons never intermarry during the 4 centuries

C The Romans didn’t like the Britons. D The Romans had no impact on the language or culture of ordinary Britons. C, 尽管罗马人征服了英国，但是罗马文化对英国的影响十分有限。这主要是因为：罗马人一直把英国人看作是社会地位相当于奴隶的被降伏的民族；在长达四个世纪的时间里从来没有罗马人跟英国人通婚；罗马人对英国平民阶层的语言和文化没有任何影响。 20. The Hundred Years’ war with France ended by the English being driven out of France. By 1453 _____ was the only part of France that was still in the hands of the English. A Dover B Calais C Southampton D Portsmouth B, 英法之间的百年战争以英国人被赶出法国而告终。到1453年战争结束时，只有法国北部的加莱港还在英国人手里。 21.Which war had little effect on ordinary people but gave a death blow to feudalism? A The Wars of the Roses B The Hundred Years’ War C The English Civil War D World War I A, 尽管玫瑰战争持续了30年，但对老百姓的生活几乎没什么影响，反倒使英国的封建主义受到致命打击，贵族阶层受到了削弱。 22. The English Civil War, also called the Puritan Revolution, is generally regarded as the beginning of modern ____ history. A European B Scottish C Welsh D world D, 英国内战也叫“清教徒革命”，这是因为反对国王的人大部分是那些清教徒。英国内战不仅推翻了英国的封建制度，也动摇了欧洲封建统治的基础。所以，从这个角度讲，英国内战通常被看作现代世界史的开端。 23. Which name is NOT related to Britain? A Northern Ireland B Scotland C Wales D Toronto D, 多伦多属于加拿大,与英国无关。 24. The news agency Reuters was founded in _____. A London B Birmingham C Liverpool D Manchester A, 路透社创建于伦敦。 25. Who were the ancestors of the English and the founders of England? A The Anglo-Saxon B The Normans C The Vikings D The Romans A, 英国民族的前身是安格鲁萨克森人。 26. Which is the largest city in Scotland? A Cardiff B Edinburgh C Glasgow D Manchester C, 格拉斯格是苏格兰最大的城市和经济中心。 27. In Britain, children from the age of 5 to 16 _____. A can legally receive completely free education B can legally receive partly free education C cannot receive free education at all D cannot receive free education of their parents are rich A, 英国小孩 5—16岁的教育是免费的。

28. The Industrial Revolution started in _____. A the Great Britain B the United States C Canada D Australia A, 工业革命起源于英国。 29 Which is the correct name to use to refer to Britain in a political way? A Great Britain B The British Isles C The United Kingdom D England C, 提起英国，很多人会使用名字“Britain”，“England”或“British”，但这往往会惹恼苏格兰人，威尔士人以及北爱尔兰人。从政治角度来讲，“the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland”或 “the United Kingdom/UK”是英国正确的叫法。“the British Isles”则是地理意义上的名字，包括Great Britain，the whole of Ireland （ Northern and Southern），the Channel Islands and the Isle of Man 这些岛屿。 30 Britain has, for centuries , been slowly tilting with _____. A the North-West slowly rising and the South-East slowly sinking B the North-East slowly rising and the South-West slowly sinking C the South-East slowly rising and the North-west slowly sinking D the South-West slowly rising and the North-East slowly sinking A, 英国几个世纪以来地势一直在缓慢地倾斜，表现为西北部在慢慢上升，而东南部在慢慢下沉，所以英国的西北部为高地 31. The river Thames is in _____. A Wales B Scotland C England D Northern Ireland C, 泰晤士河位于英格兰。 32. Which of the following is true under Thatcher’s administration? A The proportion of owner-occupation decreased. B Public housing became more important. C Many public houses were sold to people. D The UK became more European-like in its housing arrangement. C, 1979年撒切尔夫人成为英国第一任女首相。她提出的政策称被为“撒切尔主义”。其内容包括国有企业私有化，采用货币主义政策以控制通货膨胀，削弱工会的影响，加强市场因素在经济中的作用，将公有住房卖给公众，强调法律和秩序。在一定程度上讲，她的计划是成功的。她领导英国经济度过了一段最繁华的时期。 33. Which of the following is the oldest national Sunday newspaper in Britain? A The Times B The Guardian C The Observer D The Financial Times C, 《观察家报》创刊于1791年，是英国创刊最早的星期日报纸。 34. The Capital of Wales is _____. A Swansea B Cardiff C Rhonda D Belfast B, 威尔士位于大不列颠的西部。首府：加的夫。 35. Which of the following is a feature of British education as a whole? A Education is chaotic. B Education is extremely expensive and poor people can’t afford it. C Education is highly centralized. D Education is rather independent and enjoys a great deal of freedom. D, 英国教育制度经过几百年的改革，相当的完善和复杂，同时又具有相当的灵活性。

36. The War of 1812 was fought between _____. A England and France B England and the United States C France and the United States D Britain, Canada and the United States D, 1812年6月，美国向英国宣战，其真实用意在于夺取加拿大。成为第二次美英战争。三国都卷入战争。 37. The largest river in the United Kingdom, which runs 355 kilometers and empties into the Bristol Strait, is _____. A the Seven River B the Clyde River C the Thames River D the Potomac River A, 英国最长的河是塞文河。 38. The first king of England is _____, who won the overlordship in 829. A John B James I C Egbert D Henry I C, 艾格伯国王于829年统一英格兰建立王权。 39. In 1588 the English fleet defeated the _____ Armada and established its supremacy over the sea. A Portuguese B Italian C Spanish D Japanese C, 1588年英国舰队摧毁西班牙无敌舰队，从而树立了海上霸权。 40. Big Ben is a famous ____ in London. A statue B bridge C hotel D clock D, Big Ben 是英国著名的“大本钟”。 41. In 1066, _____ led the Norman army in invading and defeating England. A William the Conqueror B Julius Caesar C Alfred the Great D Claudius A, 1066年，威廉大帝率诺曼底远征英格兰，大获全胜。这是外族侵略英国的最后一次成功。 42. Which of the following sports was not invented in Britain? A Football B Tennis C Archery D Cricket C, 起源于英国的运动是足球、网球和板球，射击不是。 43. Britain was the first country to industrialize because of the following factors except _____. A Britain was well placed geographically to participate in European and world trade. B Britain had many rivers, which were useful for transport. C British engineers had sound training and the inventors were respected. D British government was increasingly interested in overseas and colonies after the 17th century. D, 英国之所以能成为世界上最早开始工业化的国家,原因有很多。但英国是从17世纪以后逐步开始对海外贸易和开拓海外殖民地产生浓厚兴趣的。 44. The United Kingdom is a constitutional monarchy. The _____ has very little power. A queen B monarch C prime minister D king B, 英国是君主立宪制国家，国王或女王（君主）几乎没什么实质性的权力。

45. Which party has always had strong links with the trade unions and received financial support from them? A the Labor Party B the Conservative Party C the Liberal Party D the Social Democratic Party A, 保守党和自由党是英国最早成立的两个党派。大致来说，保守党是中上层阶级的党，它得到大公司财政上的支持；而工党，主要得到工会的支持，它的支持者主要是中产阶级和知识分子。 46. During World War II, as a war leader, _____ received massive popular support and led his country to final victory in 1945. A Harold Wilson B Edward Heath C Franklin Roosevelt D Winston Churchill D, 在第二次世界大战中，当时的英国首相丘吉尔作为战争统帅受到了英国人民的广泛拥戴，并带领英国人民赢得了战争的最后胜利。 47. In Britain, a _____ is held when a Member of Parliament dies, retires or resigns. A civic election B by-election C popular election D general election B, 英国的下院议会成员中有人去世、退休或辞职时，就要进行补缺选举。 48. In the United Kingdom, ministers are appointed by the Queen on the recommendation of _____. A the Lord Chancellor B the Monarch C the Prime Minister D the King C, 在英国，部长们是由首相推荐，女王加以任命的。 49. It is known that Irish landscape in featured by ___. A bogs B mountains C grassland D rivers A,众所周知，爱尔兰地貌特点是沼泽地。本题属于地理类问题。 50. The following plays are comedies by Shakespeare EXCEPT ___. A A Midsummer Night’s Dream B As You Like It C The Merchant of Venice D Romeo and Juliet D,除了《罗密欧与朱丽叶》之外，其他下列戏剧皆为莎士比亚的喜剧作品。本题属于英国文学类问题。 51. ___ was considered to be the greatest dramatist in the 18th century. A Henry Fielding B Laurence Sterne C Oliver Goldsmith D Richard B. Sheridan D,理查德.B.谢立丹被认为是18世纪最伟大的剧作家。本题属于英国文学类问题。 52. ___ is the capital of Scotland. A Dublin B Edinburgh C Cardiff D New Castle B,爱丁堡市是苏格兰首都。本题属于历史类问题。 53. In his novel Robinson Crusoe. Defoe portrayed successfully an image of an enterprising Englishman, typical of the English bourgeoisie in the ___ century. A 16th B 17th C 18th D 19th C,通过其小说《鲁宾逊漂流记》，笛福成功地描绘了一个富有进取精神的、18世纪英国资产阶级的典型形象。本题属于英国文学类问题。

54. In his works, Defoe praised the industrious, sturdy ___ and showed his sympathy for the downtrodden, unfortunate poor. A working people B aristocrats C middle-class people D capitalist upstarts C,通过自己的作品，笛福讴歌了勤劳、坚定的中产阶级，并对饱受蹂躏、命运被产的穷人表示了同情。本题属于英国文学类问题。 55. To some extent, the Romantic Movement revealed a ___ attitude toward the social and political conditions then. A positive B negative C neutral D prejudiced B,在某种程度上，浪漫主义运动揭示了对当时社会、政治状况的否定态度。。本题属于英国文学背景类问题。 56. The real centre of power in the British Parliament is ___. A the King or the Queen B the House of Commons C the House of Lords D the Cabinet B,英国议会由王室（the Crown）、上议院（the House of Lords）和下议院（the House of Commons）构成。其中具有实权和立法权的是下议院，自1964年以来，上议院无权阻止被下议院通过的立法。 57. The oldest part of British Parliament is ___. A the House of Lords B the House of Commons C the Shadow of Cabinet D the Chamber A,英国议会中最古老的部分是上议院（the House of Lords），它是由国王咨询会议(Great Council)发展而来的。 58. Who led The Peasants Uprising in Britain? A Watt Tyler B Henry Turner C Richard D Stephen A,由于百年战争并没有改变农民的生活条件，又加上人头税（the Poll Tax）的征收。1381年(Watt Tyler)瓦特.泰勒领导了农民起义。 59. In English individualistic culture, one should bother Englishmen without a good reason and making appointment beforehand seems to be important. It is best reflected by an English proverb ___? A as welcome as a storm B an Englishman’s house is his castle C do not wear out your welcome D outstay one’s welcome B,在英国文化中，一般不事先预约是不会冒然打搅别人。英国人有一句谚语：“英国人的家庭如独立王国------不得擅入”。 60___ is the first weekday after Christmas, a legal holiday in English, Wales, Northern Ireland, New Zealand,Australia and South Africa. A Thanksgiving Day B Anzac Day C St.Valentine’s Day D Boxing Day D,Boxing Day(礼节日)。英国法定假日，是圣诞节的次日，遇星期日天延顺。按英国习俗，这天向邮递员、仆人、雇员等赠送盒装“节礼”，故称节礼日。 61___ is a very wise man, the king of the Hebrews around the tenth century B.C. and was well-known for his wisdom. A Solomon B The old Adam C Judas D Jesus A,Solomon(所罗门、)---932BC.)希伯来（以色列）国王（972---932BC），以武力维持其统治，加强国防，发展贸易，使犹太达到鼎盛时期，以智慧著称。

62. Which of the following king was executed in the civil war? A James I B Charles I C James II D Charles II B,Charles I (查里一世，1600---1649，英国斯图亚特王朝国王)。其统治期间，对抗国会，压迫清教徒，引起内战，1647年别Oliver Cromwell(克伦威尔)领导的军队俘虏。1649年被国会判处死刑。 63. From 1649 to 1658 English was called a Commonwealth. It was ruled first by Oliver Cromwell as ___. A President B Lord Protector C Lieutenant General D Commander of the New Model Army B,从1649到1658年的英国被称为共和国（Commonwealth）。共和国的第一位统治者Oliver Cromwell(克伦威尔)成为英格兰共和国的Lord Protector(护国公)。Oliver Cromwell(克伦威尔),1618年当选为议员，为清教徒领袖。英国内战爆发后，他率领铁甲军的骑兵击败了保皇党部队，是处死查理一世的主要人物，1653年将国会解散，自称Lord Protector(护国公)，成为英格兰共和国的首脑。 加拿大、澳大利亚、新西兰 1. What country is known as the Land of Maple Leaf？ A United States of America B United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland C New Zealand D Canada D 加拿大国树为枫树，期国徽和国旗上都有枫叶的图案，因此长期以来枫叶被视作加拿大的象征。 2 The national anthem of Canada is ____ A Canada The Beautiful B O Canada C God Defend Canada D Advance Canada Fair B 加拿大国歌是《啊！加拿大》。 3. The capital city of Canada is ____ A Montreal B Toronto C Albert D Ottawa D加拿大首都是渥太华，位于安大略省东南部与魁北克省交界处，是加拿大的经济政治中心，同时也是加拿大的文化中心。 4. According to the Official Language of Act of Canada, there are two official language in this country: they are____ A English and Spanish B English and Portuguese C English and French D English and Celtic C 1867年的《不列颠北美法案》将英法两种语言定为加拿大联邦政府和魁北克省社会公共机构的官方语言。1968年的《官方语言法案》规定英语和法语均为加拿大官方语言。 5. The highest peak in Canada is ____, which is the Yukon Territory of northwest Canada. A Mount Lawrence B Mount Superior C Mount Logan D Mount Huron C 加拿大最高峰为洛根峰，海拔6050米。

6. St. Lawrence and River Columbia are shared by both ____ A America and Mexico B America and Canada C America and Cuba D America and Brazil B 美加边境有两条国际河流，一条是哥伦比亚河，另一条是圣劳伦斯河。 7. Apart from Paris, France, Montreal is regarded as the largest ____city in the world, known as “Paris the Second”. A Spanish-speaking B Portuguese-speaking C German-speaking D French-speaking D 蒙特利尔的法裔加拿大占全市人口的三分之二，是除了法国巴黎以外世界上最大的法语城市，素有“小巴黎”之称。 8____, the third largest city in Canada, is well known as Ice-Free Harbor. A Montreal B Quebec C Toronto D Vancouver D温哥华总人口190万，是加拿大第三大城市和工商业中心，也是不列颠哥伦比亚区的最大城市、加拿大西海岸主要港口和横贯加拿大全景铁路线的终点。它还是一个天然良港，动机不结冰。 9.Canada is the world’s ____country in terms of land area. A largest B second largest C third largest D fourth largest B 加拿大位于美国以北，是世界上仅次于俄国的第二大国家 10. Aboriginal culture in Australia is said to be more than ___ years old. A 20,000 B 30,000 C 40,000 D 50,000 C,据说澳大利亚的土著文化拥有四千多年的历史。本题属于文化传统类问题。 11. Which of the following country is located in the Southern Hemisphere? A Australia B America C England D Canada A, 澳大利亚位于南半球。其他的三个国家都位于北半球。 12 The capital of Australia is _____. A Canberra B Sydney C Melbourne D Queensland A, 堪培拉是澳大利亚首都，悉尼是澳大利亚第一城市，墨尔本是澳第二大城市。昆士兰州是澳大利亚的第2大州。 13 The largest city in Australia is _____. A Canberra B Sydney C Melbourne D Perth B, 堪培拉是澳大利亚首都，悉尼是澳大利亚第一城市，墨尔本是澳第二大城市。 14 The capital of New Zealand is ____. A Auckland B Christchurch C Dunedin D Wellington D, 新西兰首都惠灵顿（Wellington），是地球上最靠南的都城。海港城市奥克兰是新西兰最大的城市。基督教市Christchurch是新西兰南岛东岸港市，达尼丁Dunedin是新西兰南岛东南岸港市。 15 The largest city in New Zealand is ____. A Auckland B Christchurch C Dunedin D Wellington

A, 海港城市奥克兰是新西兰最大的城市。新西兰首都:惠灵顿。 16.Australia and New Zealand were first discovered by the ____ explorer Abel Tasman in 1642. A French B Dutch C English D Spanish B, 澳大利亚和新西兰最初都是由荷兰探险家发现的。 17. _____ claimed that Australia and New Zealand belonged to Britain in 1770. A Abel Tasman B Christopher Columbus C James Cook D Amerigo Vespucci C, 詹姆斯?库可船长1770年宣称占领澳大利亚和新西兰。Abel Tasman发现了澳大利亚和新西兰。Christopher Columbus 发现了中美洲的圣萨尔瓦多岛。意大利航海家Amerigo Vespucci 1499年到达美洲，他认为哥伦布到达的这块大陆并不是亚洲，声称发现了一个新世界，以后美洲大陆就是用他的名字命名的。 18. Around ___ of New Zealanders are found in North Island. A 3/4 B 1/2 C 3/5 D 2/5 A,约有四分之三的新西兰人在北岛居住。本题属于地理类问题。 美国 1. The Sketch Book is not written by Washington Irving. 《见闻札记》、《睡谷的传说》、《瑞普?凡?温克尔》都是华盛顿?欧文的作品，但是《自传》是本杰明?富兰克林的作品。 2. The 50th state in America is Hawaii 1959年，Alaska和Hawaii分别为第四十九个和第五十个加入美国的州。 3. Richard Nixon resigned in 1974 because of the Watergate Scandal. 尼克松总统辞职是由于轰动一时的丑闻?水门事件?。水门事件指美国共和党政府在1972年总统竞选运动中的非法活动暴露后的政治丑闻。 4. The US formally entered the Second World War in 1941_ 1941年的珍珠港事件把美国带入了第二次世界战争，与苏联，英国共同对战法西斯。 5. The Presidents during the American Civil War was Abraham Lincoln. Abraham Lincoln是美国第十六届总统，带领美国人走过美国内战，解放奴隶，但是在战争结束不到一周被暗杀。 6. The earliest institution of higher learning set up in America was Harvard College 哈佛大学于1636年创建，它的创建是美国高等教育的开端。 7. In America the judicial is headed by the Supreme Court 美国宪法规定，司法部门由美国最高法院管理。 8. In the United States, the party, which wins the second largest number of seats in the House Commons, becomes the official opposition. 在选举中结果下议院得到票数最多的叫做大多数党，第二的叫做对立党。

9. The Rocky Mountains is located in North America. 落基山脉位于美国西北部， 向东南延伸。 10.The U.S. is called a ?melting pot? because people from different races live there. 美国被称之为?大熔炉?是因为来自世界各地的人们所带来的各自的文化在此交融形成独特的多元文化特征。 11. The world’s largest freshwater lake is Lake Superior. Lake Superior(苏必利尔湖)是世界上最大的淡水湖。位于美国和加拿大之间，是五大湖中最北、最西和水位最高的一个湖。五大湖为：安大略湖（Lake Ontario）、伊利湖（Lake Erie）、休伦湖（Lake Huron）、密歇根湖（Lake Michigan）和苏必利尔湖 (Lake Superior)。 th12. The Declaration of the Independence was signed in on July 4 1776, signaling the independence of America. the Second Continental Congress(第二次大陆会议)，1775年5月10日在费城召开的，会议决定组建大陆军，并任命华盛顿为大陆军总司令。第一次大陆会议是于1774年9月5日在宾夕法尼亚州的费城召开的。1776年7月4日的大陆会议通过了the Declaration of Independence(《独立宣言》)，宣告美利坚合众国的成立。 13. In his inaugural speech, Franklin D. Roosevelt said that ‘the only thing we have to fear is fear itself’. Franklin D. Roosevelt (富兰克林.德拉诺.罗斯福) 是美国第32届总统（1933--1945），三次连任，是任职时间最长的总统。出任于经济大萧条（the Great Depression）的最严重的饿关头，在就职演说中希望人民镇定自若，指出‘the only thing we have to fear is to fear itself’?我们惟一不得不感到恐惧的就是恐惧本身?，以其the New Deal（新政）而进行了一系列改革。 14. The American policy towards the Soviet Union after the Second World War was containment. containment(遏止政策)。是1947年杜鲁门政府制订的对外政策，旨在美国必须遏止共产主义势力和影响的扩大。1949年The North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO)北大西洋公约组织成立是实行这一政策的重要步骤。 英国 1. Britain was by 1830 the \十九世纪的工业革命使英国成为世界闻名的世界工厂。 2. By tradition, the leader of the majority party is appointed Prime Minister by the Sovereign in the United Kingdom. 在英国，按照传统，多数党的领导人由君主任命为首相，首相从本党内部挑选一些领导人担任各部部长职位。 3. In the United Kingdom, the party which wins the second largest number of seats in the House of Commons becomes the official Opposition Party. 在英国，在下议院中赢得第二席位的政党为反对党，它也有它自己的领导和影子内阁（shadow cabinet）。 4. To its full sense, the British Parliament consist of the Sovereign, the House of Lords and

the House of Commons 具体的说，英国的议会是有元首，上议院和下议院组成。其中，元首没有实权，上议员由大法官（Lord Chancellor）掌权，是由神职议员（the Lord Spiritual）和世俗议员（the Lord Temporal），下议院的成员是通过选举产生的651名议员,以首相为首。 5. Roman invasion was considered as the beginning of British history. 英国的历史是从罗马人的入侵开始的。恺撒，这位伟大的罗马将军，在公元前55年第一次带兵入侵并征服了英国。 6. Ben Nevis is the name of Britain’s highest mountain? 本尼维斯山为英国最高峰。 7. The Times is the British oldest daily newspaper? 英国历史上最悠久的日报是《泰晤士报》。 8. There are two major national parties in Britain: the Conservative party and the Labour Party. 英国奉行的是两党制。其两大主要政党是保守党和工党。 9. ?God Save the Queen? is the national anthem of Britain. 《上帝拯救女王》是英国的国歌。 10. On accepting Bill of Rights, the age of constitutional monarchy, of a monarchy with powers limited by Parliament, began. 《权利法案》的签署，标志着英国进入了君主立宪制时代，一个君主几乎没有什么实质性权力并受制于议会的时代。 11. In Britain, the House of Commons has the ultimate authority of legislation. 在英国，下院拥有最高立法权。本题术语发展现状类问题。 12. In history, Romans occupied Britain for about 400 years. 历史上，罗马人曾占领英国约有400年之久。本题属于历史类问题。 13. The Great Charter (Magna Carta) was signed by ___ in 1215 King John. The Great Charter(英国大宪章)，是1215年英国国王（1199--1216）亨利二世之子——King John(约翰)在以兰顿（Langton）为首的贵族和教士们的压力下签署的重要政治法律文件。该宪章主要内容为保障贵族利益，限制王权。大宪章被认为是维护公民权不受王权侵犯的重要文件。 14. The Bible was originally written in Hebrew. 《圣经》最初是以Hebrew(希伯来语)写的。《圣经》有一部分是讲述古犹太人的历史。从公元前1200年希伯来人定居巴勒斯坦至公元1世纪的古犹太人的历史。 15. The Gothic style started in France and quickly spread through all parts of western Europe. Gothic Style哥特式的建筑风格于12世纪中叶始于法国，然后流行整个欧洲，这种尖拱式的建筑风格一直持续到16世纪。

16. Among the most typical English sports, having been in existence since the 16th century, is cricket. 英国人最典型的体育运动是板球，而足球是最受英国人欢迎的运动。因为足球于19世纪出现在英格兰。1863年足球协会（Football Association）在英格兰成立。 英国P11 (1), P29(4), P44(1), P52(1)(3), P73(5), P85(6), P98(2)(3), P105(3), P132(2), P133(4), P204(3), P214(6), P224(4), P263(1)(5), P305(4), P322(1), P330(3), P347(1), P355(1)

美国P16(2), P58(1), P71(1)(2)(4), P88(3), P103(4), P114(2)(3), P131(1), P146(4)(5), P182(3), P203(6), P248(1)(2), P284(4), P302(2), P323(3)

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