护理学专科大学英语专科(II)习题册答案

上海交通大学网络教育学院医学院分院

大学英语（专科2）课程练习册答案

专业：公共事业管理、护理学、检验技术 层次： 专科

Revision Exercise 1

Part I Vocabulary

Directions: There are 30 incomplete sentences in this part. For each sentence there are four choices marked A, B, C, and D. Choose the one that best completes the sentence.

1 The ______ of her words meant that I had hurt her feelings.

A.. implication B. disgrace C. challenge D. dimension

2 I was ______ at the number of people who did not know that George Washington

is called the Father of His Country. A ignorant B. blessed C.. amazed D. content

3 Henry will ______ to set a new record when he runs in the cross-country race.

A. assign B. attempt C. prohibit D. reveal

4 Many Americans thought it was a(n) ______ way to travel when Henry Ford built

his first car. A. liberal B. reliable C. individual D. unique

5 In the March ______ of Time, there was an interesting article about cloning.

A. response B. tradition C. description D. issue

6 When he asked her to marry him, she wanted to know what his ______ were.

A. compliments B. privileges C. intentions D. attitudes

7 It is almost ______ that so much snow fell in such a short time.

A . original B. incredible C. sincere D. radical

8 ______ the good work, and you will be rewarded for it.

A. Wear out B. Count out C. Bring up D. Keep up

9 Don’t ______ the others, because they have to leave now.

A. pull into B. hold up C. take over D. bring about

10 I would prefer to go with James; ______ I don’t want to go with you.

A. in theory B. in other words C. as a result D. on the other hand

11 With everyone trying his best, the work team ____________ the task within the

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shortest time. A. committed B. accomplished C. endured D. occupied

12 If you have to go through a smoke-filled area, you'd better ________ with your head

low. A. crawl B. retreat C. proceed D. drag

13 Mother ________ my brother to keep his voice down but he ignored her.

A. remarked B. motioned C. shrugged D. impressed

14 If doing one thing gives you an unpleasant feeling, the normal ________ would be to

stop doing it. A. perspective B. emotion C. reaction D. function

15 His house is in a wealthy ____________ with a school, a hospital, banks and shops. A. neighborhood B. basis C. route D. occasion

16 Long after even the latest apple tree had finally broken into leaf, the mulberry's

branches remained stubbornly ________. A. empty B. bare C. stale D. dumb

17 The project manager ______ told us that we could leave early today. It was

_____ to think about what I could do with this extra time. A. excitedly … exciting B. excitedly … excited C. excitingly … exciting D. excitingly … excited

18 ______ until you have finished your homework ______ have the ice-cream. A. Not … you may B. It is not … you may C. Not … may you D. It is not … may you 19 ______ 50 years since my parent got married. A. It is B. There are

C. It was D. There have been 20 The explorer ______ red is easier to be seen in the snow. A. with B. on C. in D. under 21 He ______ be in the library because it is closed today for the holiday. A. mustn’t B. can’t

C. shouldn’t D. oughtn’t to 22 The man limped to the stable ______ beaten by robbers. A. instead of B. even though

C. in spite of D. as thought

23 ______ that each member of the family will share the cost of the gift for their

grandmother. A. Agreeing B. Having agreed

C. To agree D. It is agreed

24 The Indians have their rights, so the Americans who forced them off their land

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______ have done that! A. mustn’t B. wouldn’t

C. shouldn’t D. couldn’t 25 ______ could he decide what we all were going to do? A. Whom B. What

C. How D. Which

Section B Directions：Each of the following sentences has four underlined parts marked A, B, C and D. Identify the one that is not correct.

26 In 1992, AT & T began offering customers videophone, which is a telephone with A B

A small color screen that allows callers to look at each other while they are C D talking.

27. In-line skating has become so popular that it is being considered as an A B C exhibition sport for the Summer Olympics. D

28. There would be more interesting to listen to the President’s speech live than to A B C hear it on the radio. D

29. Most students’ failure of this exam has made the teacher aware that it might be A B C due too many difficult questions. D

30. Lucky enough, a group of volunteers has offered to clean up the snow to prevent A B C people from falling. D

Part Reading comprehension

Directions: There are four passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C, and D. You should choose the best answer to each question based on the passage. Passage One

Questions 31 to 35 are based on the following passage:

The good news we get from TV and radio makes us feel more kindly toward other people, but bad news – especially news of cruelty and violence – stirs up suspicion and a sense of competition toward others.

These are the findings of 10 years of experiments by research psychologists (心理学家) at Columbia University, who conclude that broadcasters encourage hostile (敌对的) behavior by stressing bad news.

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\on the differences between themselves and others, or on the common problems that make them feel, 'We're all in this together,'\

\about one human being helping another … brings out feelings of trust and cooperation. But news about one person actually doing harm to another changes our estimate of other people for the worse.\

In an early experiment in 1968, Dr. Hornstein and his associates, who had been dropping wallets for two years to test the honesty of people, discovered that on June 4, 1968, not one wallet was returned.

\was the night Robert F. Kennedy was shot,\\seemed dangerous, and nobody wanted to return a lost wallet to a stranger.

\1976, America's Bicentennial celebration. \that day, we all felt safe and good. Being American was the thing. We all felt as if we all belonged together.\

Recent tests support these conclusions. In one experiment, 60 subjects were exposed to good news, bad news or music. Then they were told to play a game with a non-existent person supposedly in another room. It was a game of choice that emphasized cooperation or competition.

After hearing good news, the overwhelming majority, 91 percent, played cooperatively. But after hearing bad news, competitive responses were over three times as high – up to 28 percent, from 9 percent.

\assuming that the world is a dirtier place than we assumed before we saw that TV violence. And we'll deal with the next individual we come upon as if he is part of that grim picture of humanity. After the good news, it's the reverse.\

31. According to the findings of researchers at Columbia University, when people hear good news, they feel ________. A. happier B. safer than they really are C. more kindly toward others D. more competitive

32. Dr. Harvey Hornstein found that when people hear news about one person actually doing harm to another, they tend to ________.

A. regard other people as worse than they really are B. treat total strangers as suspects of cruel crimes C. become hostile towards neighbors and friends D. think about the common problems facing mankind

33. What did Dr. Harvey Hornstein and his associates discover on the night of June 4, 1968?

A. Robert F. Kennedy was shot. B. Their wallets were lost.

C. People in America suddenly became dishonest. D. Nobody returned the wallets they dropped.

34. We can infer from the passage that on July 4, 1976, most probably ________.

A. lost wallets were returned to their owners

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B. people drank and sang and danced C. everybody wanted to be American D. even criminals were friendly to others

35. We can conclude from the passage that ________.

A. violence on TV leads to more violence on the streets B. the world is a dirtier place than we assume it to be

C. broadcasters should emphasize good news rather than bad news D. people are more competitive when they are faced with challenges

Passage Two

Questions 36- 40 are based on the following passage:

The Shuttle Bus Service provides a much needed service to airport customers. By taking the shuttle, travelers have no parking fees, no long walks carrying luggage and no worry about driving in snow, rain or heavy traffic. The Shuttle picks up and delivers from four different Bloomington locations leaving the city nine times a day beginning at 4:40 a.m. and ending at 8:40 p.m. For the return trip, the shuttle leaves the airport nine times a day beginning at 6:40 a.m. and ending at 10:40 p.m., making sure you never have to wait long for a ride. Return shuttles also deliver to four convenient locations in town. Each passenger is allowed two suitcases and one carry-on piece of luggage, which is stored in a safe luggage compartment. Extra baggage and over-large objects are transported for an additional fee.

Bloomington Shuttle’s drivers are all experienced professionals. Only drivers with a minimum of two years of commercial driving experience and proper state licensing are considered. Even with the experience, drivers receive an intensive training course to meet high expectations of safety, quality and service. By taking a shuttle, travelers can be free from fear of damage done to their cars left in remote airport parking lots and do not have to walk through dark, empty parking lots or garages.

36 The latest shuttle bus leaves the airport at ______

A. 4:40 a. m. B. 6:40 a. m. C. 8:40 p. m. D. 10:40 p.m.

37 All of the following are the benefits of taking the shuttle EXCEPT ______.

A. you don’t have to carry your suitcase so far

B. you don’t have to worry about damage done to your car C. you don’t have to drive in the rain, snow or bad traffic D. you don’t have to arrive at the airport early

38 For no extra charge, one can bring ______ pieces of luggage.

A. 1 B. 2 C. 3 D. 4 39 The following are true of all the shuttle drivers EXCEPT ______.

A. They have a history of two years’ safe driving B. they have taken a thorough training course C. they have a driver’s license issued by the state D. they have experience in commercial driving

40 If your luggeage is too heavy and large, the only thing that you can do is

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24 However, promotion is not always easy to achieve, as I ________ when I first returned to work in 1977 after my degree course. A. turned out B. acted out C. found out D. sought out

25 At 6.30 a.m. next morning the train ________ Central Station, Glasgow.

A. pulled into B. came down C. laid out D. sought out

26 During the nine months before her baby is born, her face is one ________ smile.

A. humble B. exclusive C. perpetual D. modest

27 His bedroom ________ a single bed with a small television at its foot.

A. makes up B. consists of C. lays out D. serves as

28 He sat like a man ________ by the sudden news of death.

A. embarrassed B. stunned C. stung D. bored

29 A sob caught his throat and he coughed to ________ it.

A. prohibit B. mask C. emit D. crash

30 She's been reported missing and we're checking her movements for the two weeks

before she ________. A. vanished B. survived C. observed D. revealed

Part I Reading Comprehension（阅读理解）

Directions: There are four passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some

questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C, and D. You should choose the best answer to each question based on the passage.

Passage One

Questions 31 to 35 are based on the following passage:

our nose and brings congestion with it. You feel terrible because you can't breathe well, but your body is actually \Many people catch a cold in the springtime and/ or fall. It makes us wonder ... if scientists can send a man to the moon, why they can't find a cure for the common cold. The answer is easy. There are hundreds of kinds of cold viruses out there. You never know which one you will get, so there isn't a cure for each one.

When a virus attacks your body, your body works hard to get rid of it. Blood rushes to yfever, but the heat of your body is killing the virus. You also have a runny nose to stop the virus from getting to your cells. You may feel miserable, but actually your wonderful body is doing everything it can to kill the cold.

There is one interesting thing to note-some scientists say taking medicines when you have a cold is actually bad for you. The virus stays in you longer because your body doesn't have a way to fight it and kill it. Bodies can do a marvelous job on their own.

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31 What is the passage mainly about?

A. Why there is no cure for the common cold. B. How you feel when you catch a cold. C. How your body kills the cold. D. How to prevent a cold.

32 You may have nose congestion when _______________.

A. your temperature rises B. you take some medicines C. blood rushes to your nose

D. the cold virus gets to your cells

33 According to the passage, which of the following is true about fever?

A. The heat can kill the cold virus.

B. The heat might delay your recovery from the cold. C. The fever shows that you are seriously ill. D. The fever is related to the type of cold virus.

34 In the first line of the last paragraph, ―one interesting thing‖ refers to the fact that

_______________.

A. there are hundreds of kinds of cold viruses B. your body does everything to kill the cold

C. scientists haven't found a cure for the common cold although they can send a man to the moon

D. some scientists think that taking medicines might be bad for your recovery from the cold

35 The word ―marvelous‖ in the last line of the passage is closest in meaning to

_______________. A. basic B. quick C. difficult D. wonderful

Passage Two

Questions 36 to 40 are based on the following passage:

A study suggests that dirty air can reduce lung development. Researchers at the University of Southern California in Los Angeles published their work in the \England Journal of Medicine\different communities in Southern California took part in the study. The scientists tested the children every year for eight years, starting at age ten. They say this is the longest study ever done on air pollution and the health of children. The scientists found that children who lived in areas with the dirtiest air were five times more likely to grow up with weak lungs. Many were using less than eighty percent of normal lung strength to breathe. The damage from dirty air was as bad as that found in children with parents who smoke. Children with reduced lung power may suffer more severe effects from a common cold, for example. But the researchers express greater

concerns about long-term effects. They say adults normally begin to lose one percent of their lung power each year after age twenty. The doctors note that weak lung

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activity is the second leading cause of early deaths among adults. The first is smoking. By the time people are eighteen, their lungs are fully developed, or close to it. The doctors say it is impossible to recover from any damage. Researchers say they are still not sure how air pollution affects lung development. They believe that pollution affects the tiny air spaces where oxygen and carbon dioxide (二氧化碳) are

exchanged. Arden Pope is an economics professor at Brigham Young University in Provo, Utah. Professor Pope wrote a commentary about the study. He noted that air quality in Southern California has improved since the study began in the early

nineteen-nineties. Clean-air laws have reduced pollution from vehicles, industry and other causes. But dirty air is still a problem in areas of California and other places. Professor Pope says continued efforts to improve air quality are likely to provide additional improvements in health.

36 A study done by researchers at the University of Southern California indicates that ________.

A. 1,700 children from Southern California have weak lung activities B. children in Southern California use less lung strength to breathe C. air pollution may affect the growth of children's lungs

D. 80 percent of children in Southern California suffer from air pollution 37 According to the article, children living in dirty air

A. may lose eighty percent of their normal lung strength B. may suffer more severe effects from a common cold C. were five times more likely to catch a common cold D. were unlikely to recover from any lung damage

38 Why do the researchers express greater concern about the long-term effects of air pollution on children?

A. They begin to lose 1% of their lung power each year after 20. B. They do not show any signs of lung damage when they are young. C. They may suffer early death when they grow up.

D. They cannot expect to have their lungs fully developed at 18.

39 What do we learn from the passage about the air in Southern California?

A. It is unlikely to improve in the near future.

B. It is free of pollution from vehicles and industry. C. It is as dirty as it was before.

D. It is cleaner than it was in the early 1990s. 40 Professor Pope believes that ________.

A. improvement in air quality will provide further health benefits

B. clean-air laws should be passed to reduce air pollution in California C. further studies should be done to find out how dirty air affects lung

development

D. air pollution does even greater harm to children's health than their parents'

smoking

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Passage Three

Questions 41 to 45 are based on the following passage:

What makes money valuable? Why is a piece of paper marked $10 worth more than one marked $1? You could say there is no reason. It’s true that a special kind of paper is used to make dollar bills, and they are pretty, but that’s not what makes them valuable. The real reason money is valuable is that everyone believes it is.

Ancient economies had no paper money or coins. Some used barter — trading one thing for another. Others used all kinds of objects as money. Any object would do, as long as there was not an unlimited amount of it. Animals or metals were popular, and so were manufactured products like jewelry or weapons. Wealth in ancient Greece was measured in tools or cattle. This kind of money had two purposes. First, it was useful in itself. Tools and cattle can be used for farming. And second, it was a way to symbolize (象征) and measure value. A house, for example, would be valued at a certain number of tools or cattle. This greatly simplified trade. Other societies used money that was totally symbolic. For instance, American Indians used wampum, which is made from seashells. And until recently on the Pacific island of Yap, people used large stone discs as money.

In most places these types of money died out because more practical forms of money were invented. People started using precious metals, such as gold and silver, that were easier to carry around than tools or stones. And in the eighteenth century, paper money was introduced. At first people were suspicious of the new currency, but they came to accept it because the government or bank issuing it would exchange an equal amount of gold for the paper. A $10 bill really was worth $10 0f gold. But now, people are used to the idea that the government doesn’t have to back its money with gold. Everyone believes that a $10 bill is worth $10 and that is good enough. But if, for some reason, people ever lost faith in paper money, ten dollars wouldn’t be worth the paper it’s printed on.

41 Which of the following in NOT mentioned as the first kind of money?

A. Animals B. Houses C. Metals D. Weapons 42 The pronoun it (line3, para. 2) refers to __________.

A. money B. wealth C. farm work D. the object chosen as money 43 Tools and cattle were used as money because __________. A. they could be found in every family B. they were useful and symbolized value C. they were easier to carry around

D. they were the only wealth in ancient times

44 The word ―precious‖ (line2, para.3) is closest in meaning to __________. A. valuable B. popular C. Large D. heavy

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45 People were suspicious of paper money most probably because __________. A. paper is not as useful as tools B. paper had no value of its own

C. paper was just invented and new to people D. paper was under the control of the government

Passage Four

When Berenice Belizaire arrived in New York from Haiti with her mother and sister in 1987, she was not very happy. She spoke no English. The family had to live in a small and crowded Brooklyn apartment, a far cry from the comfortable house they'd had in Haiti. Her mother, a nurse, worked long hours. School was torture. Berenice had always been a good student, but now she was learning a new language while enduring constant taunts from the Americans. They cursed her in the cafeteria and threw food at her. Someone hit her sister in the head with a book. \home?\

Because home was dangerous. The schools weren't always open anymore, and education – her mother insisted – was the most important thing. Her mother had always pushed her: memorize everything, she ordered.

\school began to notice that Berenice always, somehow, knew the answers. \started coming to me for help,\

Within two years Berenice was speaking English, though not well enough to get into one of New York's elite public high school. She had to settle for a neighborhood school, James Madison, a school with a history of unlikely success stories. \realize what we had in Berenice at first,\math teacher Judith Khan. \good at math, but she was quiet. And the things she didn't know! She applied for a summer program in Buffalo and asked me how to get there on the subway. But she always seemed to ask the right questions. She understood the big ideas. She could think on her feet. She could explain difficult problems so the other kids could understand them. Eventually I realized she wasn't just pushing for grades, she was hungry for knowledge … And you know it never occurred to me that she also was doing well in English and history, all these other subjects that had to be much tougher for her than math.\

46 Berenice and her family came to the United States so that ________. A. she could get a good education B. they could live a comfortable life

C. they could learn to speak perfect English

D. she could enjoy school together with her sister

47 How did the American students treat Berenice and her sister when they first came to New York?

A. They tried to help them.

B. They looked down upon them.

C. They tried to make friends with them. D. They kept a distance from them.

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48 How was it that the American children never called Berenice a nerd? A. They came to know she had a pretty good memory. B. She spoke English as if she were a native American. C.She could help them with their schoolwork.

D. They knew she had always been a good student. 49 Why didn't Berenice get into an elite public school? A. Her family couldn't afford the cost. B. Her English wasn't good enough.

C. It was too far away from where her family lived.

D. The neighborhood school she went to had a history of unlikely success stories. 50 Why did Berenice make such rapid progress in her studies after she came to America according to her math teacher?

A.There were so many things she didn't know. B. The summer program she went to help her a lot. C. Her mother pressed her for good grades. D. She had a thirst for knowledge.

Translation

1. Translate the following sentences into Chinese:

1. Being a doctor isn’t really all bad. We do have our moments.

当医生确实不错。我们确实有我们得意的时候。

2．A medical student should have a kind heart to serve the patients. 医科学生应该有一颗为病人服务的好心肠。

3. His grandkids are playing football in the back street now.

他的孙子们正在后街踢足球。

4. Nobody would think that he had stolen money from Jenny.

没人会想到是他偷了珍妮的钱。

5. We could not cross the river because the water had risen. 河水又涨了，我们没法过河了。

2. Translate the following sentences into English:

1. 圣诞节临近时，许多商店开始促销活动以吸引购物者。

As Christmas is drawing near, many stores began to offer sales promotion in order to attract shoopers.

2. 玛丽有一点情绪低落，她需要时间接受她生意上的失败。

Mary is a bit depressed. She needs time to cometo terms with her business failure.

3. 格雷格给我留下了深刻的印象，他想尽办法帮我们找到了一个解决办法。 Greg gave me a very deep impression, he tried his best to find a solution for us. 4. 他看起来虽然很镇定，但实际上却非常紧张。

He looks like very calm, as a matter of fact, he is very nervous. 5. 他研究原子科学是为了我国的国防。他根本不在乎名望。

He pursued atomic science for the defense of our country. Fame meant nothing to him.

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